Drug and alcohol dependence最新文献

{"title":"Trends of all opioid-, heroin-, and fentanyl-involved nonfatal overdoses in the United States, October 2020 – April 2025","authors":"Stephen Liu ,&nbsp;Shannon Casillas ,&nbsp;Emily Ussery ,&nbsp;Michael Sheppard ,&nbsp;Alana Vivolo-Kantor","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112886","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112886","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>This study examined monthly trends of suspected, nonfatal opioid-involved overdoses from October 2020–April 2025 and assessed whether demographics and geographic region vary between opioid type, including heroin and fentanyl.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>CDC’s National Syndromic Surveillance Program data using the Drug Overdose Surveillance and Epidemiology definitions for all opioid-, heroin-, and fentanyl-involved overdoses in EDs were used. The average monthly percentage change (AMPC) was estimated using Joinpoint regression for counts of all opioid, heroin, and fentanyl-involved overdoses. Demographic characteristics between heroin- vs. fentanyl-involved overdoses and regional differences by region were compared between all opioid-, heroin-, and fentanyl-involved overdose ED rates.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>From October 2020 to April 2025, nonfatal opioid-involved overdoses declined (AMPC=-0.5 %) and showed more counts in summer months. Heroin-involved overdoses decreased (AMPC=-3.1 %); conversely, fentanyl-involved overdoses increased (AMPC=2.0 %). Counts of heroin (n = 5571) were higher than fentanyl (n = 913) in October 2020; however, in February 2023, fentanyl (n = 2464) surpassed heroin (n = 2341) and remained higher through April 2025. Demographic characteristics were similar among persons with fentanyl-involved overdose compared with heroin except a higher proportion of fentanyl occurred among individuals aged 15–24 years (12.8 % vs. 5.7 %) compared to heroin. Heroin- and fentanyl-involved overdose rates were highest in Region 5-Chicago and Region 10-Seattle, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>A better understanding of trends, demographics, and geography in nonfatal opioid-involved overdoses by drug type has implications for tailored prevention messages, but regardless of opioid type, results suggest the continued opioid overdose reversal medication distribution and linkage to evidence-based treatment for opioid use disorder in EDs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"276 ","pages":"Article 112886"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145214974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alcohol interventions for persons with HIV: Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials using phosphatidylethanol and self-report","authors":"Judith A. Hahn ,&nbsp;Jeremy C. Kane ,&nbsp;Robin Fatch ,&nbsp;Cristina Espinosa da Silva ,&nbsp;Nneka I. Emenyonu ,&nbsp;Aaron Scheffler ,&nbsp;Priya Chirayil ,&nbsp;Kaku So-Armah ,&nbsp;Christopher W. Kahler ,&nbsp;Amy A. Conroy ,&nbsp;E. Jennifer Edelman ,&nbsp;Sarah Woolf-King ,&nbsp;Charles DH Parry ,&nbsp;Susan M. Kiene ,&nbsp;Gabriel Chamie ,&nbsp;Winnie R. Muyindike ,&nbsp;Julian Adong ,&nbsp;Vivian F. Go ,&nbsp;Robert L. Cook ,&nbsp;Neo K. Morojele ,&nbsp;Isabel Elaine Allen","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112879","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112879","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Interventions are needed to reduce alcohol use for people living with HIV (PWH), but prior randomized controlled trials (RCT) evaluated efficacy by self-reported alcohol use, potentially hampering validity. We aimed to determine alcohol intervention efficacy using the alcohol biomarker, phosphatidylethanol (PEth), combined with self-report, and compare results to each analysed alone.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a systematic review of alcohol intervention RCTs to April 2023, followed by an individual participant data meta-analysis (IPD-MA) using two-step random effects modeling. Our primary outcome was unhealthy alcohol use defined as PEth/self-report (binary), i.e., PEth≥ 50<!--> <!-->ng/mL or Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test – Consumption (AUDIT-C) ≥ 3 (women) and ≥ 4 (men). We also evaluated PEth and self-report alone.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We screened 280 studies, found 20 eligible, and obtained IPD for 16 (N = 3559, median age=41, 72.8 % male). Participants receiving an alcohol intervention had significantly lower odds of follow-up unhealthy alcohol use by PEth/self-report (OR=0.69, 95 % CI: 0.55–0.86; Cohen’s <em>d</em>=0.21; I²=29.4 %, 95 % CI: 0.0 %-62.8 %). Risk-of-bias assessment indicated low or moderate risk. The certainty of evidence was moderate. Findings for PEth alone (OR=0.81, 95 % CI: 0.69–0.97; Cohen’s <em>d</em>=0.12; I²=5.7 %, 95 % CI: 0.0 %-49.5 %) and self-report alone (OR=0.67, 95 % CI: 0.50–0.89; Cohen’s <em>d</em>=0.22; I²=68.7 %, 95 % CI: 6.6 %-84.5 %) outcomes were similar, but heterogeneity was greater for self-report alone. Findings were robust to higher PEth/self-report cutoffs and continuous measures.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Results confirm prior findings of significant efficacy of alcohol interventions for PWH. Effect sizes were small across measurements, while heterogeneity was high when using self-report alone. Combined PEth/self-report is a useful primary outcome for alcohol intervention studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"276 ","pages":"Article 112879"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145119203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Problematic gambling and alcohol misuse among adults in Japan","authors":"Andrew Stickley ,&nbsp;Aya Shirama ,&nbsp;Risa Yamada ,&nbsp;Tomiki Sumiyoshi","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112882","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112882","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Problematic gambling has been linked to alcohol misuse. However, most of this research has been undertaken in Western countries. The current study examined this association in Japan, where comparatively little research has been conducted to date on problematic gambling and harmful drinking.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data were analyzed from 3551 adults (aged 18–89) that were collected in an online survey in 2023. Problematic gambling was assessed using the Japanese short version of the South Oaks Gambling Screen-Revised (SOGS-R), while alcohol misuse was measured with the CAGE questionnaire. Additional information was obtained on sociodemographic and mental health variables.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In a fully adjusted logistic regression analysis, problematic gambling was associated with significantly higher odds of alcohol misuse in the total sample (OR: 4.50, 95 % CI: 3.46, 5.86). When the analysis was stratified by sex, problematic gambling was associated with alcohol misuse in both men and women. In an age-stratified analysis problematic gambling was linked to alcohol misuse across all age groups with the highest odds being observed in adults aged 18–34 (OR: 10.27, 95 % CI: 5.60, 18.83) and the lowest in those aged ≥ 60 (OR: 2.02, 95 % CI: 1.14, 3.55).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Problematic gambling is associated with alcohol misuse among Japanese adults, and there are no sex- or age-related differences in these associations. Efforts to inform the general public about the potentially detrimental effects of problematic gambling in relation to alcohol misuse may have important public health benefits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"276 ","pages":"Article 112882"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145088615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tell me why: An ecological momentary assessment study of “unknown” substance use motive endorsement and the predictive utility of affect","authors":"Angelica DeFalco ,&nbsp;Noah N. Emery","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112885","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112885","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Theoretical models of substance use motives emphasize the role of affect when making decisions about use and propose that there are moments during which decisions about use are made outside of conscious awareness or without clarity about why. However, to our knowledge, no previous research has examined the frequency and phenomenology of this motivational state. This study sought to fill this gap by introducing an “I don’t know” option to a substance use motive questionnaire (“unknown” motive).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Fifty young adults (age=18–24) with substance use disorder (32 % alcohol use disorder, 34 % cannabis use disorder, 34 % both) completed 14 days of EMA consisting of five random momentary assessments which inquired about affect and substance use in the past 30<!--> <!-->min. If participants reported use, motives for that use episode were assessed with a checklist (observations=293).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>“Unknown” motive endorsement occurred in ~40 % of use moments. Negative affect displayed a positive quadratic relationship, such that lower- and higher-than-average negative affect were associated with a greater probability of endorsement compared to mean (<em>p</em>s ≤ .002). Positive affect displayed a negative quadratic relationship, such that person-mean positive affect was associated with a greater probability of endorsement (<em>p</em>s ≤ .001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This was the first study to investigate the occurrence of “unknown” motive endorsement and its predictors. This endorsement appears to be common and may have non-linear associations in opposite directions with positive and negative affect, highlighting the unique role of affect in substance use.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"276 ","pages":"Article 112885"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145093198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and safety of varenicline for electronic cigarette cessation: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Milene Vitória Sampaio Sobral ,&nbsp;Altair Pereira de Melo Neto ,&nbsp;Rodrigo Bettanim Menechini ,&nbsp;Rafaela da Cunha Pirolla ,&nbsp;Jordana Belgamasco Cavalcanti Marçal ,&nbsp;Thaísa Aparecida de Souza Acuia","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112884","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112884","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The use of electronic cigarettes has increased markedly over the past decade, particularly among young adults, representing a growing public health concern. Pharmacological interventions for the cessation of vaping are thus limited. This meta-analysis assessed the efficacy and safety of varenicline compared with that of placebo in vaping cessation.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted following the Cochrane Collaboration and PRISMA guidelines. The PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases were searched until April 2025. The outcomes included continuous abstinence, seven-day point prevalence abstinence at the end of treatment and follow-up, and adverse events, including nausea and vivid dreams.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Three RCTs comprising 355 participants were included. Varenicline significantly increased seven-day point-prevalence abstinence at the end of treatment (RR, 2.30; 95 % CI, 1.64–3.24) and at follow-up (RR, 2.14; 95 % CI, 1.47–3.10) and improved continuous abstinence rates (RR, 2.71; 95 % CI, 1.48–4.99). The overall incidence of adverse events did not differ significantly between the groups (RR: 1.49; 95 % CI: 0.68–3.25). However, nausea (RR: 2.35; 95 % CI 1.77–3.13) and vivid dreams (RR: 2.56; 95 % CI 1.59–4.11) were more frequent among patients receiving varenicline treatment</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Varenicline improved vaping cessation rates compared to placebo and was generally well tolerated, despite a higher incidence of nausea and vivid dreams.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"276 ","pages":"Article 112884"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145083010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The day after binge: Electrophysiological correlates of attention and working memory processing the day after hazardous alcohol intake","authors":"R. Rodrigues ,&nbsp;E. López-Caneda ,&nbsp;N. Almeida-Antunes ,&nbsp;A. Sampaio ,&nbsp;A. Crego","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112878","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112878","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Binge drinking (BD) is a prevalent pattern of alcohol consumption among young adults, with significant cognitive and neural implications. While its long-term effects on executive function and memory have been widely studied, less is known about the short-term consequences of the hangover state. This study investigates the impact of BD and alcohol hangover on working memory and attention. Fifty-two university students (24 Binge drinkers [BDs]; 28 control) participated in an EEG-based continuous performance task (CPT). BD participants were assessed on a non-drinking day and during hangover state, while controls completed a single assessment. The P3 and late positive component (LPC) event-related potentials were analyzed to examine attentional and memory-related processes. While no significant behavioral differences were observed, neurophysiological analyses revealed altered cognitive processing associated with both the long-term consequences of BD behavior and its short-term effects (i.e., during the hangover state). Specifically, during hangover, BDs P3 and LPC amplitudes were significantly reduced in both conditions, indicating impairments in attentional resource allocation and memory processing. In contrast, BDs exhibited larger LPC amplitudes for both conditions on a non-drinking day than controls, suggesting the engagement of compensatory neural mechanisms. Additionally, in the hangover state, reduced P3 correlated with increased alcohol craving, while lower LPC amplitudes in hangover state were associated with greater alcohol intake during BD episode in the preceding day. These findings highlight acute neurocognitive disruptions during hangover and give emphasis to the concerning cumulative impact of repeated BD episodes long-term.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"276 ","pages":"Article 112878"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145099470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating markers for methamphetamine use in electronic health records","authors":"Emily Bacon ,&nbsp;Ryan Loh ,&nbsp;Jenai DeNardo ,&nbsp;Deborah Rinehart ,&nbsp;Scott A. Simpson ,&nbsp;Alia Al-Tayyib","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112876","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112876","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Methamphetamine is an addictive stimulant with serious health effects and its use has been increasing in the United States. Electronic health records (EHRs) capture timely information on substance use and are increasingly harnessed for public health surveillance and research. Identifying methamphetamine use in EHRs is challenging because existing metrics, such as diagnosis codes, are non-specific to methamphetamine, and clinicians record methamphetamine use in different ways. Little guidance exists about capturing methamphetamine use in EHRs.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We identified eight markers of methamphetamine use in the EHR of an integrated, safety-net hospital system. We evaluated markers based on individual or combined likelihood of accurately capturing methamphetamine use and computational lift to extract from the EHR. We conducted chart reviews to calculate the predicted probability of identifying true methamphetamine use for each group of markers.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We reviewed 814 charts across eight groups of methamphetamine markers. Positive predictive values (PPVs) of electronic definitions ranged from 0.21 to 1.00, with four groups obtaining PPVs &gt; 0.70 compared to chart review. Groups of methamphetamine markers varied substantially in lift; the easiest was extracting non-specific diagnosis codes and the most challenging was capturing mentions of methamphetamine use in free-text clinical notes.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Results provide multiple options to consider when extracting data on methamphetamine use from EHRs with guidance on computational lift and complexity of different markers. Users can select specific definitions of methamphetamine use depending on the project, technical capacity, time, and EHR system. More accurate definitions of methamphetamine use can inform interventions to curb its use.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"276 ","pages":"Article 112876"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145061200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detecting imminent smoking lapse risk: Prospective lapse risk algorithm versus participant retrospective self-report","authors":"Jeremy S. Langford ,&nbsp;Emily T. Hébert ,&nbsp;Darla E. Kendzor ,&nbsp;Meng Chen ,&nbsp;Damon J. Vidrine ,&nbsp;Michael Businelle","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112873","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112873","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Improving detection of smoking lapse risk factors could increase smoking cessation rates among socioeconomically disadvantaged adults, who are less likely to quit than the general population. This study used data from a randomized controlled trial that compared the efficacy of two smartphone-based smoking cessation interventions for socioeconomically disadvantaged adults. Daily ecological momentary assessments (EMAs) assessed current smoking lapse risk based on a previously developed algorithm. Participants were instructed to self-initiate EMAs when they were about to lapse and after a lapse. After self-reported lapses, participants were asked questions about the number of hours of awareness of heightened lapse risk prior to the lapse and coping skills that could have prevented the lapse. Overall, 157 participants self-initiated an EMA to report a smoking lapse during the 13-week post-quit study period. Participants reported detecting warning signs prior to 70.06 % of lapses; however, only 30 % of lapses were anticipated more than two hours in advance. The lapse risk algorithm detected elevated risk in 68.93 % of lapses that were preceded by an EMA within 24<!--> <!-->h. A logistic mixed-effects model indicated that on average the algorithm detected heightened lapse risk earlier than participants reported they were aware of heightened lapse risk, AOR= 3.34, 95 % CI [1.50–7.42]. Participants most frequently endorsed coping with the urge to smoke and stress as skills that would have helped them prevent lapses. EMA-informed algorithms show promise for detecting heightened risk for smoking lapse before participant recognition, an important step for developing effective real-time smoking cessation interventions for socioeconomically disadvantaged adults.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"276 ","pages":"Article 112873"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145083019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A scoping review of interventions addressing social determinants of health and their influence on opioid use disorder outcomes","authors":"Sarah J. Cousins ,&nbsp;Chunqing Lin ,&nbsp;Yuhui Zhu ,&nbsp;Sarah E. Clingan ,&nbsp;Larissa J. Mooney ,&nbsp;Layla Tondravi ,&nbsp;Fei Wu ,&nbsp;Yih-Ing Hser","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112858","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112858","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Over the past decade, opioid overdose deaths have sharply increased. The Social Determinants of Health (SDOH) framework can guide interventions to improve opioid use disorder (OUD) outcomes. No comprehensive review of SDOH interventions and their impacts on OUD outcomes is available. This scoping review addresses that gap.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We extracted articles from PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases. Interventions were categorized according to SDOH domains: healthcare system, social and community context, neighborhood environment, economic stability, and education. Interventions and OUD outcomes (e.g., treatment initiation, opioid use, overdose) were summarized.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Twenty-seven peer-reviewed studies targeted SDOH domains. The healthcare system domain (37 % of studies) was the most frequently addressed, focusing on provider training, access, and quality-of-care improvements with outcomes like increased initiation of medication for OUD, reduced opioid use, and reduced provider stigma. Community and social context (30 %) interventions included social support programs and community coalitions that reduced opioid use, overdose, and community-level stigma. Economic stability (16 %) interventions included employment-based reinforcements and financial incentives to promote abstinence. Neighborhood and physical environment (9 %) interventions included Housing-First initiatives that reduced opioid use. In the education domain (2 %), an early education intervention reduced adulthood OUD risk. Over half of all studies (52 %) used randomized designs; the remainder used quasi-experimental approaches. Gaps included a limited range of SDOH interventions, inconsistent definitions and measurements of SDOH, and a lack of rigorous evaluations.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Future research should harmonize SDOH terminology and metrics, rigorously assess SDOH intervention outcomes, and expand the range of SDOH interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"276 ","pages":"Article 112858"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145119072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brain network segregation is associated with drug use severity in individuals with opioid use disorder","authors":"Nathan M. Hager ,&nbsp;Xinying Wang ,&nbsp;Astrid P. Ramos-Rolón ,&nbsp;Anna Rose Childress ,&nbsp;Daniel D. Langleben ,&nbsp;Corinde E. Wiers ,&nbsp;Zhenhao Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112863","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112863","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Opioid use disorder (OUD) is associated with altered brain network connectivity, particularly in the fronto-parietal, default mode, and salience networks. Brain efficiency is maximized when networks are distinct (‘segregated’) yet maintain partial connectivity with other networks (‘integrated’). ‘Brain network segregation’ quantifies this balance by comparing the functional connectivity of nodes within and between networks. Previous research found lower brain network segregation in people with cognitive impairment, alcohol use disorder, and older age. We hypothesized that recent drug use severity in people with OUD would relate to reduced brain network segregation.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Forty treatment-seeking adults with OUD (72.5 % male) completed resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. We grouped 264 brain regions into 10 networks, categorized as “association” (higher-order cognition) or “sensorimotor” (sensory and motor) networks. Regression analysis tested the relation between drug use severity and brain network segregation of association and sensorimotor categories and specific networks. Partial correlations explored the effects of cognition (IQ and working memory), mood, and affect.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Drug use severity predicted lower brain network segregation of the association networks, particularly the fronto-parietal and salience networks, but not the default mode network. The relation between drug use severity and lower segregation of the sensorimotor networks depended on age. In exploratory analyses, positive affect related to greater salience network segregation.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>An altered balance of connectivity within and between brain networks may correspond with drug use severity, particularly in cognitive and salience-detection networks. Lower brain network segregation may indicate accelerated brain aging and be a target for OUD treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"276 ","pages":"Article 112863"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145046515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}