Drug and alcohol dependence最新文献

{"title":"A network analysis of alcohol-related harms: An exploratory study in United Kingdom adolescents","authors":"Andrew Percy ,&nbsp;Colm Healy ,&nbsp;Jon C. Cole ,&nbsp;Gareth Robinson ,&nbsp;Harry R. Sumnall ,&nbsp;Michael T. McKay","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112658","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112658","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>This study applied a network analysis approach to the study of individual self-reported alcohol-related harms (ARHs) across four waves of data.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data were from a large clustered randomised control trial (<em>N</em> = 12,738) involving 105 schools. Data were collected at 4 time points over 4 academic years (mean age 12.5 [Time 0], 13.5 [T1], 14.5 [T2], and 15.3 years [Time 3]). Data were gathered on the experience of 16 separate ARHs experienced during the previous six months, and these were dichotomised (yes/no). We estimated cross-lagged panel networks for the 16 ARHs, capturing both the auto-regressive relationships (a harm predicting itself at follow up) and the cross-lagged relationships (a harm predicting another harm at follow-up) across the study (T0 → T1; T1 → T2; T2 →T3).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Exposure to all ARHs increased with age. However, the most serious ARHs (e.g., getting in trouble with the police because of your drinking) remained relatively rare, even at age 15. Actively planning to get drunk, coupled with an inability to control levels of intoxication (drinking more than planned) appeared central to each network, facilitating the emergence of all other ARHs. While the prevalence of ARHs increased with age, network complexity declined, and networks becoming more stable.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Interventions aimed at improving the capacity to self-regulate alcohol consumption, and actively challenging the planning of drunken episodes, may be pivotal in reducing the emergence of both acute and chronic ARHs in adolescence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"271 ","pages":"Article 112658"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143704096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum to “Development of the motivation to use substance questionnaire title of article” [Drug Alcohol Depend. 234 (2022) 109414]","authors":"Natale Salvatore Bonfiglio ,&nbsp;Roberta Renati ,&nbsp;Mirian Agus ,&nbsp;Maria Pietronilla Penna","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112589","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112589","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"271 ","pages":"Article 112589"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143636446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"National trends in co-use of opioids and methamphetamine among people who inject drugs, 2012–2018","authors":"Molly C. Reid ,&nbsp;Brandon L. Guthrie ,&nbsp;Anjum Hajat ,&nbsp;Sara N. Glick","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112630","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112630","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Reports from substance use disorder treatment admissions have described a trend of rapidly increasing overlapping methamphetamine and opioid use throughout the United States in the past twenty years. We used data from the 2012, 2015, and 2018 cycles of the National HIV Behavioral Surveillance (NHBS) project among people who inject drugs (PWID) to describe trends in methamphetamine-opioid co-use over time and in different US Census regions. We compared the demographic, socio-economic, sexual health, and drug use behavioral characteristics of people who co-used compared to people who primarily used one of these drugs. Methamphetamine-opioid co-use increased from 4.3 % in 2012 to 14.3 % in 2018 in the national NHBS-PWID sample. Co-use was most prevalent in the West and increased the most in the Northeast. Younger age, frequent drug injection, opioid overdose in the past year, and sharing syringes and other injection equipment were significantly associated with methamphetamine-opioid co-use compared to all other drug use patterns. The widespread change in drug use patterns and the higher-risk behavior associated with co-use signal the need for swift and coordinated public health action to expand harm reduction and treatment services and to develop data-informed clinical guidelines to serve this growing population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"271 ","pages":"Article 112630"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143792341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of the Mexican version of the keepin’ it REAL school-based prevention program in addressing multi-substance use from early to mid-adolescence","authors":"Stephen S. Kulis ,&nbsp;Justin Jager ,&nbsp;Flavio F. Marsiglia ,&nbsp;Ana Paola Campos ,&nbsp;Maria Elena Medina-Mora","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112655","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112655","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>We tested effects of a culturally adapted version of the Keepin’ it REAL (KiR) prevention program on longitudinal patterns of polysubstance use among Mexican adolescents.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A sample of 36 public middle schools in Mexico City, Guadalajara and Monterrey was randomized to: culturally adapted KiR, original KiR translated into Spanish, and treatment-as-usual controls. Regular teachers with training in KiR implemented curricula over 3–4 months. Seventh-grade students with parental consent completed pretests in Fall 2017 (n = 5522), and three posttests: later in 7th grade, in 8th and 9th grade. We analyzed patterns of recent use of five substances (alcohol, tobacco, inhalants, marijuana, other illicit drugs) and the efficacy of the two KiR versions using repeated measures latent class analysis (RM-LCA).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>RM-LCA produced six classes: (A) non-use of substances across all time points; (B) initiating only licit substances; (C) initiating both licit and illicit substances; (D) declining use; (E) initiating inhalant and alcohol use; and (F) persisting polysubstance use. Adapted KiR students were more likely than controls to report declining substance use (class D), and less likely to initiate use (C and E). Adapted KiR students were overrepresented among those engaging in persisting polysubstance use, largely due to baseline differences. Un-adapted KiR showed no differences with controls.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Culturally adapted KiR for Mexico curbed initiation of especially harmful forms of illicit drug use, and prompted declines among those already engaging in use. Lack of evidence of efficacy of the un-adapted version of KiR suggests the need for cultural adaptation of efficacious interventions for new target populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"271 ","pages":"Article 112655"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143738124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Daily profiles of nondrug reward and their association with daily outcomes for people in recovery from opioid use disorder: An application of latent profile analysis applied to intensive longitudinal data","authors":"Samuel W. Stull ,&nbsp;Lisa A. Marsch ,&nbsp;Stephanie T. Lanza","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112646","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112646","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Daily rewarding experiences not involving drugs are complex and may differentially support recovery from addiction. Rarely has nondrug reward, and its multiple facets (i.e. anticipation, meaning etc.), been examined in daily life—this could uncover the acute benefits of different components of nondrug reward on daily recovery outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>153 adults in recovery from OUD receiving opioid agonist treatment (<em>M</em> age<em>=</em>41.1, <em>SD=</em>9.5; 57 % women; 84 % white) completed daily diaries for three weeks (2067 person-days), answering 7 continuous items about appraisals of nondrug rewards (e.g., meaning, reward, and anticipation). Item responses were used as indicators in a latent profile analysis. Daily latent profiles of nondrug reward were tested for their association with recovery outcomes (quality of life, mood, craving and use) using robust standard errors to adjust for the multilevel data structure.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The selected model had four latent profiles (% of days): Highly Anticipated-Rewarding (35 %), Moderately Rewarding (31 %), Minimally Rewarding-Unplanned (22 %), and Highly Rewarding-Unplanned profile (12 %). Relative to the Moderately Rewarding profile, Highly Anticipated-Rewarding was associated with greater positive mood and quality of life and lower negative mood and low-arousal moods. People with more days in the Highly Anticipated-Rewarding Profile (vs. Moderately Rewarding) were less likely to use or crave opioids.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Greater meaning, reward, and anticipation (including planning) across indicators within profiles were associated with the best recovery outcomes. Latent profile analysis applied to intensive longitudinal data offers an innovative methodological approach for simultaneously assessing multiple daily protective factors that together may differentially promote recovery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"271 ","pages":"Article 112646"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143636445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pathways of care following opioid overdose among people with opioid use disorder: A multilevel cohort study","authors":"Shaleesa Ledlie ,&nbsp;Mina Tadrous ,&nbsp;Ahmed M. Bayoumi ,&nbsp;Daniel McCormack ,&nbsp;Jes Besharah ,&nbsp;Charlotte Munro ,&nbsp;Tonya Campbell ,&nbsp;Tara Gomes","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112643","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112643","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The care that people with opioid use disorder (OUD) receive during hospitalizations for opioid overdoses present opportunities for support, yet initiation of opioid agonist treatment (OAT) remains low. Therefore, we sought to determine factors associated with treatment initiation following hospitalization for an opioid overdose.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a population-based cohort study of people with OUD discharged from hospital following an opioid overdose between January 1, 2014 and December 31, 2021 in Ontario, Canada. Our primary outcome was initiation of treatment (OAT and/or safer opioid supply) within 30 days of discharge. Proportional hazards frailty models were used to account for the clustering of hospital and geographic-level variables with cause-specific hazards ratios calculated for each factor.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Overall, 13,253 individuals experienced 22,848 opioid overdoses and were discharged from 175 hospitals across Ontario. Treatment was initiated in 10.3 % of opioid overdoses. Person-related variables associated with treatment initiation included hepatitis C diagnoses (HR=1.15, 95 % CI=1.01–1.30) and public drug benefit eligibility (HR=1.50, 95 % CI=1.36–1.66). Longer stays in hospital were also associated with a significant increase in treatment initiation over the first 10 days of follow-up only (HR=1.10 per 5 days in hospital; 95 % CI=1.06–1.15). People discharged from regions with the highest quantile of fatal opioid overdose rates had an increased hazard of treatment initiation (HR=1.26; 95 % CI=1.06–1.51), compared to regions in the lowest quantile.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The identification of factors associated with treatment initiation following overdose may be associated with promoting longer stays in hospital and enhancing accessibility in regions with less experience managing opioid overdoses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"271 ","pages":"Article 112643"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143643789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A single-blind, randomized, controlled contingency management trial on physiological indices and biomarkers of cardiovascular health in people with cocaine use disorder","authors":"William W. Stoops ,&nbsp;Thomas P. Shellenberg ,&nbsp;Sean D. Regnier ,&nbsp;David H. Cox ,&nbsp;Reuben Adatorwovor ,&nbsp;Lon R. Hays ,&nbsp;Danielle M. Anderson ,&nbsp;Joshua A. Lile ,&nbsp;Joy M. Schmitz ,&nbsp;Jennifer R. Havens ,&nbsp;Travis R. Sexton ,&nbsp;Mary B. Fisher","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112642","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112642","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Limited prospective research has evaluated the health benefits associated with changing levels of drug use, aside from complete abstinence. This study determined whether lower levels of cocaine use impacted physiological indices (e.g., mean arterial pressure) and biomarkers (e.g., stromal cell derived factor-1a [SDF-1a], soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 [ICAM-1], neutrophil activating peptide-2 [CXCL7]) of cardiovascular health.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Treatment seeking participants enrolled in a 12-week single-blind, randomized, controlled cocaine contingency management trial. Participants were randomly assigned to High Value Reinforcers for cocaine abstinence (n = 41), Low Value Reinforcers for cocaine abstinence (n = 33) or a non-contingent Control group (n = 33). Physiological indices were collected at each clinic visit and averaged over each week of treatment. Biomarkers were assayed at 6-week intervals. Percent benzoylecgonine negative urines matching measurement timeframes were used to predict changes in outcomes using generalized linear models.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Reductions in mean arterial pressure were observed in the High Value group, particularly during follow-up (<span><math><msubsup><mrow><mi>χ</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>(</mo><mn>1,107</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msubsup></math></span>= 6.6, p &lt; .05). Regardless of group, less cocaine use was associated with decreased SDF-1a and increased ICAM-1 and CXCL7 levels (all <span><math><msubsup><mrow><mi>χ</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>(</mo><mn>1,107</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msubsup></math></span>&gt; 4.7; p values &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Improved blood pressure was observed in the High Value treatment group, who provided the greatest percent of cocaine negative urine samples but did not achieve total abstinence. Less cocaine use was also associated with changes in cardiac biomarkers that may indicate tissue repair. These results indicate that less cocaine use, even without complete abstinence, can improve blood pressure, and potentially heal cardiovascular insult, in individuals with Cocaine Use Disorder.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"271 ","pages":"Article 112642"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143621399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inter-individual divergence in thresholds for detecting opioid effects: Within-subject human laboratory evidence of a testable behavioral phenotype","authors":"Greer McKendrick ,&nbsp;Caitlyn J. Durgin ,&nbsp;Andrew S. Huhn ,&nbsp;Cecilia L. Bergeria ,&nbsp;Patrick H. Finan ,&nbsp;Denis Antoine ,&nbsp;Kelly E. Dunn","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112644","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112644","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Variations in inter-individual response to opioid medications has not been well-investigated in prospective, empirical designs or in persons who have no learned experience with opioids or current pain conditions. These analyses categorized response to opioids during rigorous human laboratory experimental conditions. Healthy individuals (N = 75) with little to no prior opioid exposure completed a 5-day residential study wherein they received triple-blinded doses of placebo or oral hydromorphone (2<!--> <!-->mg, 4<!--> <!-->mg, 8<!--> <!-->mg). Outcomes included a series of general and specific visual analog scale (VAS) ratings completed by participants and blinded observers, physiological endpoints, and analgesic responses to laboratory-evoked pain. The lowest dose at which participants endorsed &gt; 20 point change in self-reported “Drug Effect” VAS ratings from baseline was used to define the following opioid sensitivity thresholds: 2<!--> <!-->mg (“Low Threshold”, N = 9), 4<!--> <!-->mg (“Medium”; N = 29), and 8<!--> <!-->mg (“High”, N = 14); a “No Threshold” group (N = 31) did not endorse any effects at any dose. Main effects of sensitivity threshold existed for most participant-reported responses and conformed to threshold categories in dose-dependent ways. In contrast, no main effects of sensitivity threshold were observed for blinded observer ratings, physiological endpoints, or evoked analgesic responses, such that hydromorphone produced dose-dependent opioid agonist effects for all participants that diverged from their self-reported experience. These data provide the most granular assessment of inter-individual differences in opioid response among persons with little or no lifetime opioid exposure or existing pain condition. All participants experienced dose-dependent changes in opioid agonist responses, yet their self-awareness of these effects varied and 30 % of participants endorsed no awareness of opioid exposure at any dose. These data demonstrate a consistent and reliable divergence between the subjective experience of opioids from rigorously-assessed physiological, observable, and analgesic responses. Testable implications of these outcomes are discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"271 ","pages":"Article 112644"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143611109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"People entering opioid substance use treatment have low rates of naloxone knowledge and possession","authors":"Erin Bredenberg ,&nbsp;Heather Olsen ,&nbsp;Michael Ladka ,&nbsp;Kyle Beekman ,&nbsp;Joshua C. Black ,&nbsp;Matthew S. Ellis ,&nbsp;Andrew A. Monte","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112645","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112645","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>Deaths from opioid overdose are increasing in the United States (US) and distribution of the opioid antagonist naloxone is one key strategy to reduce mortality. In this cross-sectional survey, we assess the association of high-risk behaviors with possession of naloxone and knowledge of where to find it.</div></div><div><h3>Setting and participants</h3><div>5663 adults entering treatment for opioid use disorder at facilities throughout the US during the calendar year 2022 were surveyed.</div></div><div><h3>Analysis</h3><div>Using a logistic regression analysis, we compared self-reported ownership of naloxone and knowledge of where to find naloxone between individuals with different self-reported types and routes of opioid use, as well as those with a history of opioid overdose compared to those without.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>Patients reporting fentanyl, heroin, and more than one type of opioid use had higher rates of naloxone possession than those reporting oxycodone use alone. Patients that reported injection drug use were more likely to possess (61 %) and know where to get (77 %) naloxone than those who did not inject drugs (44 % possessed and 58 % knew where to find naloxone, p &lt; 0.001 for each comparison). Patients with a self-reported history of overdose were more likely to possess (59 %) and know where to get (77 %) naloxone than those without a history of overdose (42 % and 55 % respectively, p &lt; 0.001 for each comparison).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Gaps in naloxone possession and knowledge persist amongst patients entering treatment for opioid use disorder. Additional efforts to expand naloxone ownership are critical, including comprehensive educational programs, involvement of community-based organizations, and bystander training.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"271 ","pages":"Article 112645"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143600538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"School party culture as a driver of cocaine use among Norwegian adolescents: A cross-classified multilevel analysis","authors":"Lars Roar Frøyland ,&nbsp;Willy Pedersen ,&nbsp;Frøydis Enstad ,&nbsp;Tilmann von Soest","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112627","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112627","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Adolescent substance use typically occurs within peer contexts and is influenced by characteristics of neighborhoods and the cultural environments of the schools adolescents attend. This study aimed to (i) examine variation in cocaine use among adolescents in Oslo, Norway, based on neighborhood of residence and high school affiliation; (ii) assess the significance of school-based party cultures; and (iii) identify individual-level correlates.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The study used data from the Young in Oslo 2023 survey, which collected information from a population-based sample of senior high school students (<em>n</em> = 9741) residing in 95 neighborhoods and attending 25 schools. Participants completed e-questionnaires with information on cocaine use, neighborhood and school affiliation, school-based party cultures, sociodemographic variables, and potential correlates of cocaine use. The data were analyzed using cross-classified multilevel models (CCMM).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of all adolescents, 9.3 % had used cocaine in the previous year. A CCMM including neighborhood and school showed an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of 0.004 for neighborhood and 0.106 for school, indicating that 10.6 % of the variance in cocaine use was linked to school affiliation, while neighborhood variations were negligible. Including school party culture decreased the ICC for school to 0.055, suggesting this measure accounted for half the school-level variance. Further adjustments for individual-level correlates reduced the ICC to 0.028. The most significant individual factors were male gender, alcohol intoxication, and peers use of illicit drugs.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Certain youth milieus characterized by heavy-drinking boys and school-based party cultures increased cocaine use. Targeting these environments may be effective in prevention work.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"271 ","pages":"Article 112627"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143621398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}