伐尼克兰戒烟的有效性和安全性：一项系统综述和荟萃分析。

IF 3.6 2区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

Drug and alcohol dependence Pub Date : 2025-09-11 DOI:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112884

Milene Vitória Sampaio Sobral , Altair Pereira de Melo Neto , Rodrigo Bettanim Menechini , Rafaela da Cunha Pirolla , Jordana Belgamasco Cavalcanti Marçal , Thaísa Aparecida de Souza Acuia

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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景：在过去十年中，电子烟的使用显著增加，特别是在年轻人中，这是一个日益严重的公共卫生问题。因此，戒烟的药物干预是有限的。本荟萃分析评估了伐尼克兰与安慰剂在戒烟中的有效性和安全性。方法：根据Cochrane Collaboration和PRISMA指南对随机对照试验（RCTs）进行系统评价和荟萃分析。PubMed、Embase和Cochrane数据库被检索到2025年4月。结果包括持续禁欲，治疗和随访结束时7天的点流行禁欲，以及不良事件，包括恶心和生动的梦。结果：纳入3项随机对照试验，共355名受试者。伐尼克兰在治疗结束时（RR, 2.30; 95% CI, 1.64-3.24）和随访时（RR, 2.14; 95% CI, 1.47-3.10）显著增加了7天点患病率戒断率，并改善了持续戒断率（RR, 2.71; 95% CI, 1.48-4.99）。两组间不良事件的总发生率无显著差异（RR: 1.49; 95% CI: 0.68-3.25）。然而，在接受伐尼克兰治疗的患者中，恶心（RR: 2.35; 95% CI 1.77-3.13）和生动的梦（RR: 2.56; 95% CI 1.59-4.11）更常见。结论：与安慰剂相比，伐尼克兰提高了戒烟率，总体上耐受性良好，尽管恶心和生动的梦的发生率更高。

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Efficacy and safety of varenicline for electronic cigarette cessation: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Background

The use of electronic cigarettes has increased markedly over the past decade, particularly among young adults, representing a growing public health concern. Pharmacological interventions for the cessation of vaping are thus limited. This meta-analysis assessed the efficacy and safety of varenicline compared with that of placebo in vaping cessation.

Methods

A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted following the Cochrane Collaboration and PRISMA guidelines. The PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases were searched until April 2025. The outcomes included continuous abstinence, seven-day point prevalence abstinence at the end of treatment and follow-up, and adverse events, including nausea and vivid dreams.

Results

Three RCTs comprising 355 participants were included. Varenicline significantly increased seven-day point-prevalence abstinence at the end of treatment (RR, 2.30; 95 % CI, 1.64–3.24) and at follow-up (RR, 2.14; 95 % CI, 1.47–3.10) and improved continuous abstinence rates (RR, 2.71; 95 % CI, 1.48–4.99). The overall incidence of adverse events did not differ significantly between the groups (RR: 1.49; 95 % CI: 0.68–3.25). However, nausea (RR: 2.35; 95 % CI 1.77–3.13) and vivid dreams (RR: 2.56; 95 % CI 1.59–4.11) were more frequent among patients receiving varenicline treatment

Conclusion

Varenicline improved vaping cessation rates compared to placebo and was generally well tolerated, despite a higher incidence of nausea and vivid dreams.

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来源期刊

Drug and alcohol dependence 医学-精神病学

CiteScore

7.40

自引率

7.10%

发文量

409

审稿时长

41 days

期刊介绍： Drug and Alcohol Dependence is an international journal devoted to publishing original research, scholarly reviews, commentaries, and policy analyses in the area of drug, alcohol and tobacco use and dependence. Articles range from studies of the chemistry of substances of abuse, their actions at molecular and cellular sites, in vitro and in vivo investigations of their biochemical, pharmacological and behavioural actions, laboratory-based and clinical research in humans, substance abuse treatment and prevention research, and studies employing methods from epidemiology, sociology, and economics.