Drug and alcohol dependence最新文献

{"title":"Quality of life and treatment effectiveness direct and indirect effects on cocaine abstinence outcomes during cocaine use disorder treatment","authors":"Crystal L. Smith ,&nbsp;Sterling M. McPherson ,&nbsp;Nicole Rodin ,&nbsp;Sean E. Hovland ,&nbsp;Nicole Akana ,&nbsp;Andre QC Miguel ,&nbsp;John Marsden ,&nbsp;Andrew J. Saxon","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112993","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112993","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Patient-perceived Quality-of-Life (QOL) and treatment effectiveness (TEA) have previously been shown to be positively associated with better substance use treatment outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study examined potentially causal relationships amongst QOL, TEA, and cocaine abstinence.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Secondary data analyses (CTN-0148) were conducted on the NIDA Clinical Trial Network study, <em>Cocaine Use Reduction with Buprenorphine</em> (CTN-0048). N = 301 participants with DSM-IV cocaine dependence and opioid use history were administered injectable naltrexone and randomized to one of three buprenorphine/naloxone doses, 4<!--> <!-->mg/1<!--> <!-->mg, 16<!--> <!-->mg/4<!--> <!-->mg or placebo. Mediation models estimated direct and indirect effects amongst QOL, TEA, and cocaine abstinence.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The QOL Environment domain exerted a significant indirect effect (<em>B</em>=0.01, <em>SE</em>=0.01, 95 % CI=[0.00, 0.02]) on cocaine abstinence and a direct effect on TEA (<em>B</em>=0.57, <em>SE</em>=0.22, 95 % CI=[0.16, 1.01]). Other QOL domains and individual QOL items exerted no statistically significant direct effects on cocaine abstinence. Overall QOL exerted a significant direct effect on TEA (95 % CI=[0.32, 2.45]) along with a significant indirect effect on cocaine abstinence (95 % CI=[0.01, 0.05]). TEA had a significant positive direct effect on cocaine abstinence (95 % CI=[0.01, 0.02]).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Overall QOL and environmental QOL are related to treatment response through their relationship with patients’ perception of treatment effectiveness. TEA is directly related to cocaine abstinence at the end of treatment. QOL and TEA measures may serve as indicators of a need for additional support within care plans. These findings highlight the impact of a patient’s sense of well-being and their perceived treatment effectiveness on biochemically validated cocaine abstinence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"278 ","pages":"Article 112993"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145692345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relationship between co-use of tobacco and alcohol and cognitive decline in middle-aged and older Chinese males: A cross-lagged panel network analysis","authors":"Rongqian Li,&nbsp;Yunfei Guo,&nbsp;Yuran Qiu","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.113006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.113006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The co-use of tobacco and alcohol can impair cognitive function, but whether the frequency of this co-use interacts with cognitive decline in middle-aged and elderly Chinese men remains unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We analyzed three waves of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) data (2015, 2018, and 2020). The analytic sample included 2044 individuals who co-used tobacco and alcohol, 1339 who smoked only, and 1714 who drank alcohol only. Cognitive function was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) subscale, and smoking and drinking frequencies were calculated separately. Two directed networks were constructed using the cross-lagged panel network (CLPN) model to explore reciprocal relationships between cognitive function and smoking and drinking frequencies, with network centrality metrics identifying key bridging variables.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>From 2015–2018, higher smoking frequency was associated with poorer memory, and greater alcohol consumption with worse memory and orientation. From 2018–2020, increased alcohol consumption led to declines in attention/calculation and memory, while higher smoking frequency decreased attention/calculation. Additionally, poorer memory was associated with reduced alcohol consumption. Network indices ranked alcohol consumption as the strongest cross-domain driver, and memory as the most affected cognitive node.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>For middle-aged and older Chinese men who co-use tobacco and alcohol, cognitive abilities—especially memory and attention—are significantly impaired. Some cognitive functions, such as memory, are linked to subsequent alcohol use frequency. Combining smoking and alcohol cessation with cognitive support for memory may help alleviate cognitive aging in this high-risk group.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"278 ","pages":"Article 113006"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145829359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Attenuated learning rates for negative outcomes in substance use disorders: A replication and extension of prior longitudinal computational modeling results","authors":"Rowan Hodson ,&nbsp;Marishka Mehta ,&nbsp;Samual Taylor ,&nbsp;Claire A. Lavalley ,&nbsp;Jennifer L. Stewart ,&nbsp;Salvador M. Guinjoan ,&nbsp;Maria Ironside ,&nbsp;Evan J. White ,&nbsp;Rayus Kuplicki ,&nbsp;Martin P. Paulus ,&nbsp;Ryan Smith","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112922","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112922","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Substance use disorders (SUDs) pose significant societal challenges, and underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Work within the growing field of computational psychiatry has begun to offer novel insights into these underlying mechanisms, including impairments in learning from negative outcomes and less deterministic decision-making, among others. However, the longitudinal stability and predictive utility of these computational measures remain underexplored, limiting their clinical applicability.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A confirmatory longitudinal study was conducted with 144 participants (75 with SUDs and 69 healthy comparisons [HCs]) from the Tulsa 1000 project. Participants completed a three-armed bandit task at baseline and 1-year follow-up. Computational modeling assessed parameters including learning rates and action precision, among others. Bayesian and frequentist approaches tested group differences, stability, and associations with symptom severity (Drug Abuse Screening Test [DAST] scores). Machine learning analyses also evaluated out-of-sample predictive accuracy when combining this sample with an earlier exploratory dataset (83 SUDs, 48 HCs).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Computational measures showed moderate stability over 1 year (ICC range: 0.4–0.58). Learning rates for losses were consistently lower in individuals with SUDs than HCs (posterior probability &gt; 0.99), replicating prior findings. Baseline computational parameters did not significantly predict follow-up DAST scores. Out-of-sample classification achieved modest accuracy (59 %, AUC = 0.62).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Findings confirm moderate longitudinal stability and group differences in computational parameters, supporting their mechanistic relevance but raising questions about their predictive value. This highlights the need for experimental designs and enhanced reliability in computational psychiatry. Future work should integrate neurophysiological measures and dimensional approaches to improve clinical relevance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"278 ","pages":"Article 112922"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145600481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics of family, friends, and significant others affected by another’s alcohol or other drug use in Australia and correlates of help-seeking","authors":"Clare M. Rushton,&nbsp;Alison K. Beck,&nbsp;Peter J. Kelly,&nbsp;Philippa Coleman,&nbsp;Briony Larance","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112996","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112996","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Supporting families, friends, and significant others (hereafter ‘families’) affected by a loved one’s (hereafter ‘Person’s’) alcohol and drug (AOD) use can improve family wellbeing. However, little is known about families’ help-seeking patterns. This study aimed to describe characteristics and explore correlates of accessing support among affected families.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>An online cross-sectional survey conducted between September-2023 and August-2024 of N = 1756 English-speaking Australian residents, aged <u>&gt;</u> 18, identifying as affected by a loved one’s AOD use. Data collected included sociodemographics, psychological wellbeing indicators, and help-seeking, analysed using summary statistics and logistic regressions.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Participants (1433/1569; 91.3 % female), were mostly partners (621/1756; 35.4 %). Seventy-one percent (1159/1633) were concerned about their Person’s alcohol use, followed by methamphetamines (n = 210; 12.9 %). Participants reported being concerned about their Person’s AOD use for a median of 9.5 years (SD=10.1). Fifty-four percent (816/1510) of participants (affected families) reported high-very high psychological distress, 22.7 % (345/1521) reported recent suicidal ideation, 14.8 % (192/1299) reported risky alcohol use and 19.7 % (257/1305) recently used illicit drugs. Participants who accessed specialised family-AOD support (419/1228; 34.1 %) were more likely older (65 +; Adj.OR=1.47; 95 %CI[1.03, 2.10]), less likely to reside with their Person (Adj.OR=0.72; 95 %CI[0.55, 0.96]) and to report their own risky drinking (Adj.OR=0.53; 95 %CI[0.35, 0.80]), and more likely to report their Person accessed AOD treatment (Adj.OR=1.85; 95 %CI[1.33, 2.56]).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The results highlight elevated distress, suicidality and substance use among affected families and their delayed access to predominantly non-specialised support. Greater investment in community-health campaigns and specialised services is required to ensure provision of timely and tailored support.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"278 ","pages":"Article 112996"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145748347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outpatient initiation of direct-to-inject buprenorphine","authors":"Sarah Rosenwohl-Mack ,&nbsp;Megan Heeney ,&nbsp;Lysa Samuel ,&nbsp;Erik Anderson ,&nbsp;Andrew A. Herring ,&nbsp;Lauren Roller Sirey ,&nbsp;Damian Peterson ,&nbsp;Alexander R. Bazazi ,&nbsp;Hannah Snyder ,&nbsp;Leslie W. Suen","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.113011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.113011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Fentanyl-involved overdose deaths have surged, yet buprenorphine remains underutilized for opioid use disorder (OUD) treatment, partly due to the risk of precipitated withdrawal during buprenorphine initiation. Direct-to-inject (DTI) buprenorphine using weekly long-acting injectable formulations may reduce this risk with a gradual and sustained rise in serum buprenorphine levels.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate 90-day treatment retention, withdrawal tolerability, and associated factors following DTI buprenorphine initiation across multiple outpatient safety-net settings.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 131 DTI initiations among 114 patients with OUD across San Francisco and Oakland safety-net clinics from March 2024 to May 2025. Patients were initiated on weekly long-acting buprenorphine. We assessed withdrawal severity in the first 24<!--> <!-->h and calculated continuous treatment retention at 7, 30, and 90 days using pharmacy and chart data.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Mean age was 42 years; 79 % reported fentanyl use, and 67 % were unstably housed or unhoused. In the 24<!--> <!-->h after injection, 37 % experienced no withdrawal, 31 % experienced mild-moderate withdrawal, and 11 % experienced severe withdrawal, with 21 % missing data. Overall, 72 % continued buprenorphine beyond initial injection, with most transitioning to monthly formulations. Retention rates were 69 % at 7 days, 68 % at 30 days, and 43 % at 90 days. No demographic or clinical factors predicted 90-day retention.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In this retrospective study, DTI buprenorphine initiation demonstrated favorable tolerability and retention in a high-risk population across diverse outpatient settings. This approach may offer a viable pathway to long-acting buprenorphine treatment for individuals using fentanyl who may not tolerate traditional initiation methods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"278 ","pages":"Article 113011"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145829355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing measures of drinking to predict alcohol-related consequences","authors":"Andrea M. Hussong,&nbsp;Jennifer M. Traver","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112973","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112973","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Alcohol use surges in late adolescence, particularly among college students, and is associated with a wide variety of negative socio-emotional, academic, legal, and health consequences. Although most studies assess risk for these consequences through self-report of drinking quantity and frequency, ample evidence indicates that youth who drink alcohol can be inaccurate in reporting their drinking behavior and that estimates become increasingly biased as drinking increases. In the current study, we examined two approaches for optimizing self-reported alcohol consumption estimates to assess associations with drinking consequences.</div></div><div><h3>Basic procedure</h3><div>The primary sample included 572 college students (53.9 % female; 18–23 age; 61.4 % White, 20.5 % Black, and 18.1 % additional racial-ethnic groups) who completed surveys and a standard lab-based free-pour knowledge task. We tested associations between consumption and consequences (as moderated by body mass index) using both multiple regression with covariates and instrumental variable analyses.</div></div><div><h3>Main findings</h3><div>Indicators of inaccuracy in self-reported consumption met requirements for serving as instrumental variables. In all models, consumption and consequences were strongly associated, though predictive validity measures differed in which technique they favored. Consumption rates only predicted consequences when body mass index was less than ~34 (obesity class 1).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our results demonstrate that including assessments of reporting inaccuracy, alcohol knowledge, and body mass index when studying alcohol consumption may be important for reducing bias due to measurement error and predicting consequences of alcohol use.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"278 ","pages":"Article 112973"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145622794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Daily web survey data collection of time-varying cannabis use motives and contexts, with implications for adaptive interventions: A pilot study","authors":"Yongchao Ma ,&nbsp;Brady T. West ,&nbsp;Sean Esteban McCabe","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112974","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112974","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>With the rising prevalence of daily cannabis use in the U.S., more individuals may seek treatment for adverse outcomes (e.g., cannabis use disorder) arising from frequent cannabis use. Adaptive interventions leverage self-reported motives for cannabis use to develop personalized support. Research has demonstrated that these motives can be collected on a yearly, monthly, or daily basis, and strongly predict both the frequency of cannabis use and associated adverse outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We employed a daily web survey over a 28-day period to assess daily motives and open-ended self-reported contexts of nonmedical cannabis use. Participants, aged 22–76 (<em>n</em> = 48, Mean = 48.8, SD = 17.1; 64 % female; 22 % African American), completed a baseline web survey on demographics and mental health and a follow-up web survey on mental health at present and cannabis use behaviors during the study. We applied latent transition analysis with random intercepts (RI-LTA) to analyze the data.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In our descriptive analyses, we identified four types of transitions in weekly latent motive classes, particularly transitions toward motives dominated by sleep aid and cannabis availability. Participants experiencing these transitions reported higher subsequent cannabis use frequency. Open-ended contextual information revealed behaviors such as cannabis use related to managing sleep disturbances, anxiety triggered by daily stressors, and recovery from medical treatments (e.g., chemotherapy).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our findings underscore the value of monitoring short-term transitions in cannabis use motives and contexts. This approach can inform the timing and content of adaptive interventions, proactively addressing the contexts and motives to prevent adverse cannabis use outcomes. Additional replications of this approach using larger samples are needed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"278 ","pages":"Article 112974"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145622797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Access to medications for opioid use disorder among primary care patients with homeless experience in the Department of Veterans Affairs","authors":"Audrey L. Jones ,&nbsp;Haojia Li ,&nbsp;Jacob D. Baylis ,&nbsp;Sophia Huebler ,&nbsp;Ying Suo ,&nbsp;Yue Zhang ,&nbsp;Lillian Gelberg ,&nbsp;Susan Zickmund ,&nbsp;Tom H. Greene ,&nbsp;Stefan G. Kertesz ,&nbsp;Adam J. Gordon","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112995","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112995","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Primary care settings tailored for persons with experience of homelessness (PEH) could enhance opioid use disorder treatment delivery, but evidence is lacking.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To examine medication treatment for opioid use disorder (MOUD) among PEH who received homeless-tailored primary care in the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Receipt of MOUD was assessed from electronic health records among VA primary care patients with experience of homelessness and OUD in 2016–2020. We estimated the proportion who received MOUD over time and applied mixed effect Poisson models with entropy balance weighting to estimate differences in MOUD by primary care type (homeless-tailored vs. mainstream). Secondary analyses examined the consistency of findings across 18<!--> <!-->VA service regions.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>The percentage of eligible PEH (n = 45,864) receiving any MOUD rose from 42.1 % to 51.0 % over time. Half (51.3 %) of those initiating MOUD received &gt; 30 days MOUD over one year. In unadjusted models, the proportion receiving MOUD was slightly higher in homeless-tailored primary care, compared to mainstream primary care (48.8 % vs 46.4 %, Unadjusted Incidence Rate Ratio=1.09, 95 % CI=1.03–1.16). After covariate adjustment, there was no statistical difference between groups (Adjusted IRR=0.97, CI=0.92–1.02). This proved broadly consistent across VA service regions.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Concomitant with a national VA initiative to tailor primary care services for PEH, half of diagnosed patients received MOUD. Yet evidence of durable treatment was low, and the homeless-tailored clinics did not outperform mainstream clinics. Efforts to tailor primary care for PEH may require specialized addiction staffing and implementation support to improve MOUD care in these settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"278 ","pages":"Article 112995"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145746333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring drug checking services for people who use drugs: Pre-implementation study","authors":"Whitney Ludwig ,&nbsp;Kaitlyn Jaffe ,&nbsp;Steve Alsum ,&nbsp;Mary Dwan ,&nbsp;Robert Ploutz-Snyder ,&nbsp;Clayton Shuman ,&nbsp;Chin Hwa (Gina) Dahlem","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112986","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112986","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The growing proportion of adulterants in the street drug supply has increased overdose risk and other negative health outcomes for people who used drugs (PWUD). Though useful, single-item test strips (ie fentanyl), are limited in their ability to identify multiple drugs in one drug sample. Thus, community-based drug checking services (DCS) using fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) are being adopted as an overdose prevention strategy. To inform the pre-implementation of Michigan’s first DCS using FTIR, we sought to understand facilitators and barriers to FTIR among potential participants at a local harm reduction agency.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Potential DCS participants were recruited (n = 25) into three focus groups (n = 8–9) and one individual interview. Semi-structured interview guides informed by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) were used. Focus groups were audio-recorded, transcribed and rapid thematic qualitative analysis was conducted. Themes were developed to inform DCS implementation within CFIR domains with relevant constructs displayed in summary matrices.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Participants’ main concern was being targeted by police when utilizing FTIR. Additional barriers included concerns about confidentiality, testing wait time, and negative community perceptions. Key facilitators were trusted staff, sharing FTIR information via PWUD social networks, and efforts to increase participant service access with extended hours. Participants felt FTIR would be a valuable resource to support safer drug use, increase autonomy, and help prevent overdose by providing information about drug contents.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>DCS can inform PWUD and the public of dangerous analogues in the drug supply, increase autonomy to make informed decisions, and reduce overdose risk.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"278 ","pages":"Article 112986"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145758838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of suvorexant effects on alcohol seeking and self-administration in baboons","authors":"Zachary J. Pierce-Messick ,&nbsp;Catherine F. Moore ,&nbsp;Justin C. Strickland ,&nbsp;Elise M. Weerts","doi":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.113007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.113007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aims</h3><div>The orexin receptor system is gaining interest as a potential therapeutic target to reduce heavy alcohol drinking. Studies of orexin-1 and orexin-2 receptor antagonists have shown decreased alcohol seeking and self-administration in rodents. This study examined if acute treatment with the dual orexin receptor antagonist suvorexant would decrease alcohol seeking and self-administration in a nonhuman primate chronic drinking model.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Subjects were six baboons with extensive histories of chronic alcohol self-administration under an operant chained schedule of reinforcement. Sessions consisted of three components (modeling alcohol anticipation, seeking, consumption), each with distinct stimuli and behavioral contingencies to gain access to and self-administer alcohol. Suvorexant (0, 0.032, 0.1, 0.32, 0.6, 1.0<!--> <!-->mg/kg, p.o.) was acutely administered 60<!--> <!-->min before the session. Linear mixed-effect models were used to evaluate suvorexant effects on alcohol seeking (fixed interval [FI] latency and responses) and self-administration (Fixed ratio [FR] responses, alcohol volume and g/kg intake).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>No significant effects of acute suvorexant were observed on alcohol seeking (<em>p</em> &gt; .62). A significant effect of suvorexant was observed for self-administration responses (<em>p</em> = .04), but not for alcohol g/kg intake (<em>p</em> = .08). Both outcomes demonstrated a dose-related biphasic curve with a modest decrease in self-administration after 0.1<!--> <!-->mg/kg suvorexant and modest increase in self-administration after 1.0<!--> <!-->mg/kg suvorexant.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Low dose suvorexant may acutely reduce drinking, but the magnitude of change may not be clinically meaningful. Higher doses of suvorexant may worsen heavy drinking. These data do not support suvorexant use to reduce alcohol intake during ongoing use.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11322,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence","volume":"278 ","pages":"Article 113007"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145797527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}