Drug and alcohol review最新文献

{"title":"Thank you to our independent reviewers for 2024","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/dar.14036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/dar.14036","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11318,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol review","volume":"44 3","pages":"913-915"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143564868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk communication about high-dose MDMA: Impact of a hypothetical drug alert on future MDMA use","authors":"Joel Keygan,&nbsp;Breanna Willoughby,&nbsp;Raimondo Bruno,&nbsp;Monica J. Barratt,&nbsp;Amy Peacock","doi":"10.1111/dar.14037","DOIUrl":"10.1111/dar.14037","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Despite high-dose 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) drug alerts being distributed, no research has been conducted as to changes in use in response. This study aimed to determine if: (i) high-dose MDMA drug alerts, and (ii) varied descriptions of dose, effects and actions to reduce harm were associated with intentions to reduce the initial MDMA dose in a hypothetical scenario.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Australians who used MDMA pills/capsules in the past year completed an online survey. Respondents were randomised into alert (<i>n</i> = 441) or control (<i>n</i> = 184) conditions, with the former receiving a high-dose MDMA alert with systematically varied descriptions of dose, effects and actions to reduce harm. Multinomial logistic regressions determined the association between receipt of drug alert (and varying alert content) and hypothetical MDMA dosing.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Almost half (45.4%) of those in any alert condition reported intention to not use (20.7% of control participants) and 46.7% stated they would use and reduce their initial dose (69.0% of control group). Compared to the control group, those who received an alert were significantly more likely to report intention to not use the drug, as compared to taking a smaller initial dose (adjusted relative risk ratio [aRRR] = 3.28, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.13, 5.07) or taking the same/higher initial dose (aRRR = 2.62, 95% CI 1.31, 5.22). There was no significant association between different alert phrasing and intended behaviour.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion and Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>While there was no significant effect of variation in phrasing, receipt of an alert promoted intended harm reduction behaviours. Future research assessing actual behaviour and different substances (e.g., heroin, methamphetamine) is important to further understand the utility of this public health communication.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11318,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol review","volume":"44 4","pages":"1169-1181"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/dar.14037","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143572489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measuring recovery among people who have completed residential rehabilitation: Factor structure and scoring of the substance use recovery evaluator","authors":"Emma L. Hatton,&nbsp;Peter J. Kelly,&nbsp;Raimondo Bruno,&nbsp;Joanne Neale,&nbsp;Briony Larance","doi":"10.1111/dar.14004","DOIUrl":"10.1111/dar.14004","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The substance use recovery evaluator (SURE) is a new patient-reported outcome measure of recovery from alcohol and other drugs. The original SURE validation study did not include clients from residential rehabilitation treatment, and the possible challenges in applying the measure in this setting were noted. This study evaluates the factor structure and scoring of the substance use recovery evaluator for people after discharge from residential alcohol and other drug rehabilitation in Australia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Two hundred and twenty-five participants interviewed at 14 weeks post-discharge from residential rehabilitation between 2018 and 2020 were included in a cross-sectional analysis of longitudinal data. Item response theory statistics (IRT) were used to determine optimal scoring methods for the SURE. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) models were used to confirm the SURE's factor structure.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>An initial CFA of the 5-factor model using original scoring could not be fitted. Although IRT indicated a combination of binary and three-point scale scoring could be used, a binary scale included most of the information from other response categories, and CFA using a Bayes estimation to confirm the original structure with binary data indicated good model fit, <i>p</i> = 0.164.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion and Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The SURE has the same five underlying factors identified by the original study, each of which provides important clinical information about recovery. Binary rescoring provides a valid, parsimonious and clinically relevant way of measuring substance use recovery for residential treatment populations post-discharge.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11318,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol review","volume":"44 4","pages":"922-945"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/dar.14004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143556135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What drove changes in alcohol sales during the COVID-19 pandemic in Czechia? An interrupted time series analyses","authors":"Benjamin Petruželka,&nbsp;Miroslav Barták,&nbsp;Vladimir Rogalewicz,&nbsp;Thomas F. Babor","doi":"10.1111/dar.14035","DOIUrl":"10.1111/dar.14035","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Research on the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on alcohol sales and per capita consumption show mixed findings. The present study of alcohol sales in Czechia attempts to account for this heterogeneity by investigating three types of interventions: (i) limits on the movement of people into the country (i.e., tourism); (ii) social mobility and assembly restrictions; and (iii) restrictions on alcohol sales.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We used general additive models to assess the relationship between alcohol sales and COVID-19-related restrictions that were specific to alcohol outlets and general restrictions measured by the Government Response Stringency Index. New COVID-19 cases and the number of overnight stays by foreign tourists were also included in the models.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The analysis of total sales revenues show that the overall amount of alcohol sold in the Czech Republic decreased due to the COVID-19 related measures and the decrease is best explained by the Government Response Stringency Index. We did not find any relationship between alcohol sales and the number of new COVID-19 cases.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion and Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The decline in total alcohol sales resulting from the COVID-19 restrictions was not just the result of reduced tourism and restrictions on physical availability of alcohol, but also of restrictions limiting social encounters. This should be considered in future research comparing the trends in different countries and incorporated into plans for controlling the spread of communicable diseases in future epidemics.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11318,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol review","volume":"44 4","pages":"1207-1221"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/dar.14035","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143540548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parent substance use and child-to-parent violence: A brief report","authors":"Ashlee Curtis,&nbsp;David Skvarc,&nbsp;Noa Brittain,&nbsp;Peter G. Miller,&nbsp;Richelle Mayshak,&nbsp;Travis Harries","doi":"10.1111/dar.14031","DOIUrl":"10.1111/dar.14031","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Substance use has been associated with child-to-parent violence (CPV), yet little is known about the contributing factors. This study investigated the association between parental substance use and substance involved child to parent violence (SU-CPV; i.e., the young person is influenced by a substance), and whether this association was unique to SU-CPV compared to other co-occurring functions of CPV (proactive/instrumental, reactive/response to threat, affective/emotion-related).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>One hundred and nineteen caregivers experiencing abuse-level CPV from a young person (97% female; aged 27–78 years; <i>M</i>age = 48.4, SDage = 7.34) completed an online survey assessing their own, and the young person's substance use, and the young person's use of CPV.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Multivariate multiple linear regression analyses demonstrated parental alcohol use was significantly positively associated with SU-CPV (<i>b</i> = 0.29, <i>p</i> = 0.002), but not other CPV functions. There was no significant association between parental drug use and SU-CPV.</p>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> \u0000 <i>Discussion and Conclusions</i>\u0000 </h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Parental alcohol use was associated with increased likelihood of SU-CPV, suggesting parental behaviours may influence the young person's behaviour, and this may be exacerbated by the disinhibiting impact of alcohol and unpredictability within the home environment. Parent alcohol use may also be a coping strategy for experiences of SU-CPV. The lack of association with parent drug use may be due to few parents reporting drug use and the varied impact of differing drug types on the home environment. Substance use is a key contributing factor for aggressive and violent behaviour, highlighting the role of prevention and intervention efforts encompassing the broader family.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11318,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol review","volume":"44 4","pages":"1151-1156"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/dar.14031","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143603469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimating the number and growth of tobacconists and vape stores in Queensland in the absence of a retailer licensing database","authors":"Hollie Bendotti,&nbsp;David Ireland,&nbsp;Coral Gartner,&nbsp;Henry M. Marshall,&nbsp;Sheleigh Lawler","doi":"10.1111/dar.14038","DOIUrl":"10.1111/dar.14038","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In 2022, Queensland had not implemented a tobacco retailer licensing scheme. This study aimed to develop a prototype system to periodically collect geolocations of tobacconists and/or vape retailers (TVR) in Queensland over a 12-month period.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The ‘Text Search’ function on Google Maps application programming interface was used to return business information based on a string query with a specific latitude and longitude coordinate (search points) (<i>n</i> = 3481). Monthly searches of TVRs were repeated from July 2022 to June 2023. Retailers that likely sold tobacco products but were not specialty stores (e.g., supermarkets) were excluded. Two team members independently and manually checked, confirmed and categorised ‘New’ entries.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>From July 2022 to June 2023 confirmed TVRs in Queensland increased by 14.3% from 624 to 713, a mean of 7.4 new TVRs per month. Of the total stores collected in the initial search (July 2022), 71.5% were manually confirmed as TVRs. Most stores were categorised as ‘tobacco only’, yet the proportion of confirmed TVRs categorised as ‘tobacco and vape’ and ‘vape only’ increased and decreased, respectively, over 12-months.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion and Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The prototype system effectively identified and tracked the longitudinal growth of tobacco/vape specialty stores in Queensland over 12 months. Future research using the system will analyse TVR density and proximity relative to population characteristics and locations of interest. The system will also provide baseline data to assist compliance following the Queensland smoking product licensing scheme and longitudinal data to supplement evaluations of the state and federal supply policies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11318,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol review","volume":"44 4","pages":"1108-1113"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/dar.14038","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143540546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining the role of social bonds on prescription misuse among adolescents in the United States","authors":"Islam Khalil,&nbsp;Mariana Sanchez,&nbsp;Jessy Devieux,&nbsp;Florence George,&nbsp;Patria Rojas","doi":"10.1111/dar.14034","DOIUrl":"10.1111/dar.14034","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Prescription misuse (PM) among adolescents in the United States is a significant public health issue, with a reported prevalence of 4.9% in 2022. Understanding the role of social bonds such as parental attachment, peer influence and school engagement is crucial for developing effective prevention strategies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data from the 2019 National Survey on Drug Use and Health comprised 11,997 adolescents aged 12–17 years. PM was measured as a binary variable, and social bonds were assessed through scales measuring school bonds, parental bonds and community engagement. Binary logistic regression was employed to examine the impact of social bonds on PM while controlling demographics and peer influence.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Findings indicated that adolescents with higher levels of social bonds, specifically school bonds (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 0.66, 95% confidence interval [CI] [0.53, 0.83], <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), parental bonds (AOR 0.59, 95% CI [0.45, 0.77], <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and positive peer influence (AOR 0.55, 95% CI [0.43, 0.70], <i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001) are less likely to engage in PM. Females (AOR 1.86, 95% CI [1.39, 2.48], <i>p</i> = 0.0001) and low-income adolescents (AOR 2.05, 95% CI [1.36, 3.08], <i>p</i> = 0.0009) were more likely to engage in PM compared to male and high-income counterparts. No significant associations were found between community engagement and PM in adjusted analyses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion and Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study highlights the protective role of strong parental and social bonds in reducing the risk of PM among US adolescents. The findings highlight the need for income and gender-specific interventions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11318,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol review","volume":"44 4","pages":"1264-1271"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143540547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cannabis use and illicit opioid cessation among people who use drugs living with chronic pain","authors":"Chenai Kitchen,&nbsp;Eugenia Socias,&nbsp;Eric C. Sayre,&nbsp;Kanna Hayashi,&nbsp;Kora DeBeck,&nbsp;M.-J. Milloy,&nbsp;Thomas Kerr,&nbsp;Hudson Reddon","doi":"10.1111/dar.14014","DOIUrl":"10.1111/dar.14014","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Amidst the opioid overdose crisis, there is interest in cannabis use for pain management and harm reduction. We investigated the relationship between cannabis use and cessation of unregulated opioid use among people who use drugs (PWUD) living with chronic pain.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data for analyses were collected from three prospective cohort studies in Vancouver, Canada. All cohort participants who completed at least two study visits and reported both pain and unregulated opioid use in the past 6 months were included in the present study. We analysed the association between cannabis use frequency and opioid cessation rates using extended Cox regression models with time-updated covariates.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Between June 2014 and May 2022, 2340 PWUD were initially recruited and of those 1242 PWUD reported chronic pain, use of unregulated opioids and completed at least two follow-up visits. Of these 1242 participants, 764 experienced a cessation event over 1038.2 person-years resulting in a cessation rate of 28.5 per 100 person-years (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.4–31.9). Daily cannabis use was positively associated with opioid cessation (adjusted hazard ratio 1.40, 95% CI 1.08–1.81; <i>p</i> = 0.011). In the sex-stratified sub-analyses, daily cannabis use was significantly associated with increased rates of opioid cessation among males (adjusted hazard ratio 1.50, 95% CI 1.09–2.08; <i>p</i> = 0.014).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion and Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Participants reporting daily cannabis use exhibited higher rates of cessation compared to less frequent users or non-users. Observed sex-specific differences in cannabis use and opioid cessation suggest potential differences in cannabis use behaviours and effects. Our findings add to the growing evidence supporting the potential benefits of cannabis use among PWUD, underlining the need for further research.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11318,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol review","volume":"44 3","pages":"799-810"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143515057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expanded access to intranasal naloxone and training among police officers in Western Australia: A pilot evaluation study","authors":"Seraina Agramunt,&nbsp;Simon Lenton","doi":"10.1111/dar.14032","DOIUrl":"10.1111/dar.14032","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Naloxone has been recognised as a vital medicine in reducing opioid-related deaths by reversing the effects of opioid overdose. This study evaluates the effectiveness of a police naloxone administration pilot program in Western Australia in which officers were trained in opioid overdose management and administering intranasal naloxone. Based on similar programs in other countries, this was the first of its kind in Australia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This pilot evaluation spanned July 2021–2022, involving pre- and post-training surveys and an online follow-up survey. A total of 229 police officers completed the pre- and post-training surveys, while 117 completed the online follow-up survey. Data collected included questions about overdose management, naloxone administration, training quality, and naloxone access and availability.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There was a significant improvement in officers' knowledge and readiness to manage opioid overdose situations, particularly in recognising signs and symptoms of an opioid overdose, factors increasing the risk of opioid overdose, and appropriate actions to take in such situations after training. Among the 117 police officers who completed the online survey, 23 reported witnessing an opioid overdose and 16 reported having administered naloxone since their training. The positive impact of the training was further evident in the increased willingness of police officers to administer naloxone when encountering an opioid overdose.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion and conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The findings demonstrate the acceptability and training effectiveness of a police force naloxone administration program in Australia. The pilot emphasises the life-saving potential of equipping police officers with naloxone and serves as an example for police departments in other Australian jurisdictions to roll out similar programs customised to the Australian context and beyond.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11318,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol review","volume":"44 4","pages":"1114-1123"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143515058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hospital admission costs of acute injection-related infections among people who inject drugs","authors":"Freya J. Langham,&nbsp;Stephanie J. Curtis,&nbsp;Mei Jie Tang,&nbsp;Bismi Jomon,&nbsp;Joseph S. Doyle,&nbsp;Olga Vujovic,&nbsp;Andrew J. Stewardson,&nbsp;Hannah E. Carter","doi":"10.1111/dar.14025","DOIUrl":"10.1111/dar.14025","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There are limited existing data regarding the financial costs associated with hospitalisation for injection-related infection (IRI) in Australia. We aimed to estimate the cost, from the healthcare funder perspective, of admissions to treat IRI.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We performed a retrospective audit of 226 admissions with an IRI at the Alfred Hospital (Melbourne, Australia), from January 2017 to April 2019. Eligibility criteria included admission for management of an IRI and current injecting drug use, defined as self-reported injecting drug use within the preceding 6 months, documented in the medical record. We estimated the cost of each hospital admission, using national hospital price weights that accounted for the Australian Refined Diagnosis Related Groups and length of stay.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Among admissions with IRI, the median (interquartile range; IQR) cost of admissions with uncomplicated skin and soft tissue infection and complicated infection were AU$8416 (IQR $4132–$8611) and AU$31,938 (IQR $14,301–$54,397), respectively. Admissions requiring intensive care or surgery were associated with higher costs. The most expensive infection based on hospital cost was spinal infections (median AU$58,366 [IQR 31,938–$69,001]), despite endocarditis having higher median length of stay (38 days [IQR 18–46] vs. 24 [15–32]).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion and Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We demonstrate the costs associated with hospital admissions for IRI, including the substantial increased costs associated with complicated IRI. This highlights the opportunity for cost savings associated with harm minimisation interventions to avoid infections and their sequelae.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11318,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol review","volume":"44 3","pages":"704-710"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/dar.14025","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143491341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}