Drug and alcohol review最新文献

{"title":"Gender and Overdose Risk Factors Among Clients Entering Residential Treatment for Opioid Use.","authors":"Chloe J Haynes, Alison K Beck, Peter J Kelly, Mei Lin Lee, Robert Stirling, Suzie Hudson, Laura Robinson, Michele Campbell, Carolyn Stubley, Briony Larance","doi":"10.1111/dar.70004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/dar.70004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The period post-residential treatment for opioid use is associated with heightened risk of overdose. The current study aims to: (i) describe characteristics of men and women attending residential treatment for primary opioid use; (ii) identify classes of clients based on primary opioid and other substance/s of concern and (iii) identify relationships between substance use profile and sociodemographic risk factors for opioid overdose, including differences by gender.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from 2994 clients (29.6% women) attending residential treatment for opioid use in the non-government sector in New South Wales, Australia, were included in the analysis. Descriptive and chi-square statistics analysed demographic, clinical, substance use and service use characteristics of participants. Participants were grouped using latent class analysis based on their primary opioid of concern and other substance/s of concern. Multinomial logistic regression examined the relationship between latent classes and sociodemographic risk factors for overdose, including interactions with gender.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Men and women presented to residential treatment with different demographic, clinical, substance use and service use characteristics. A five-class model of polysubstance use was identified: heroin + lower polysubstance use (52.3%), heroin + polysubstance use (22.2%), pharmaceutical + lower polysubstance use (10.1%), pharmaceutical + polysubstance use (6.7%) and OAT + polysubstance use (8.7%). There were some associations between sociodemographic risk factors and class membership, though limited interactions between sociodemographic risk and gender.</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusions: </strong>Effective overdose prevention and harm reduction strategies during and post-residential treatment need to consider individuals' complex and unique accumulation of risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":11318,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144583392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Compendium of Policy Responses to Aboriginal Alcohol Consumption and Problems and of Their Evaluations","authors":"Robin Room","doi":"10.1111/dar.14084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/dar.14084","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11318,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol review","volume":"44 5","pages":"1594-1595"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144558126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Addendum to \"University-Based Academic Programs in Addiction Studies in the Regions of Australia and Aotearoa New Zealand: An Overview\".","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/dar.70006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/dar.70006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11318,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144552503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drugs and Drowning: The Toxicology of Adult Drownings in Baths and Hot Tubs in Australia, 2015-2024.","authors":"Shane Darke, Michael Farrell, Johan Duflou, Caroline Copeland, Emmert Roberts","doi":"10.1111/dar.70005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/dar.70005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Drowning is the third leading cause of unintentional injury death. We aimed to determine the toxicology and circumstances of all adult drowning deaths that occurred in bath/hot tubs in Australia over the period 2015-2024.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective study of all adult (≥ 15 years) drowning deaths in baths or hot tubs in Australia (1 January 2015-1 November 2024) retrieved from the National Coronial Information System (n = 195). In all cases the formal finding was based upon police, toxicology and forensic pathology reports.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 195 adult drownings in baths or hot tubs. The mean age was 54.9 years (range 15-98) and 127 (65.1%) were female. Most fatal (171, 87.7%) incidents occurred in a bath. In 113 (57.9%) cases proximal substance use was noted in the coronial conclusions as contributory. The majority (108, 55.4%) were unintentional, with 73 (37.4%) deemed intentional. A psychotropic drug was detected in the blood of 152/179 (84.9%), most commonly hypnosedatives (77/179, 43.0%) and alcohol (75/179, 41.9%). Amongst alcohol positive cases the mean blood alcohol concentration was 0.176 g/100 mL (range 0.010-0.537). In 33 (16.9%) there appeared to have been a medical episode, such as a seizure or a cardiovascular event, that preceded drowning, and a slip or fall in 17 (8.7%).</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusions: </strong>Substances were present in the majority of cases. The risk of drowning in such settings in the presence of drugs needs to be widely appreciated. Public campaigns that focus on the potential dangers of substance use in these settings would appear prudent.</p>","PeriodicalId":11318,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144539467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"'It'd Be Nice to Know if You're About to Have Drain Cleaner': A Qualitative Study of Preferred Drug Checking Service Features to Inform the Design of CheQpoint, Queensland's First Fixed-Site Drug Checking Service.","authors":"Cheneal Puljević, Nina Pocuca, Brodie C Dakin, Monica J Barratt, Cameron Francis, Daniel Stjepanović, Sara Gill, Geoff Davey, Leanne Hides","doi":"10.1111/dar.70003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/dar.70003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Drug checking is an important harm reduction service that allows service users to make an informed decision about drug use. In early 2024, Queensland became the second Australian jurisdiction to implement a fixed-site drug checking service (CheQpoint). To prepare for this new service, we conducted a qualitative study to explore perceptions of drug checking services and ideal service features among a sample of potential service users, including those experiencing substance dependence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 57 adults (57% male) who had used unregulated drugs in the past 12 months, recruited via online advertisements and from Queensland-based alcohol and other drug treatment services or a needle and syringe programme. Interviews focused on barriers and facilitators to accessing drug checking and opinions on service features. Data were analysed using iterative categorisation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Six themes were identified: participants are highly motivated to use drug checking; barriers to access include confidentiality concerns, cost, wait time and accessibility; people will employ more harm reduction strategies following an unexpected test result; people experiencing substance dependence may be less motivated to access drug checking services and face greater barriers to service access; drug checking will impact the unregulated drug market and practices of people who sell drugs; services should be safe and comfortable spaces.</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusions: </strong>These findings highlight the importance of drug checking services like CheQpoint being confidential, free, conveniently located, welcoming and non-stigmatising. Findings can be used to inform the implementation of future drug checking services to enhance their acceptability among service users.</p>","PeriodicalId":11318,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144526887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Excess Alcohol-Induced Hospitalisations and Deaths During the First Year of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Australia.","authors":"Wing See Yuen, Nicola Man, Michael Livingston, Agata Chrzanowska, William Gilmore, Louise Tierney, Lauren Moran, Amy Peacock","doi":"10.1111/dar.14097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/dar.14097","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Since the onset of COVID-19, alcohol-related harm has increased in regions such as the United States and the United Kingdom. We examined whether alcohol-related harm increased with the pandemic in Australia, and whether the impact varied across sex, age and type of alcohol diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Monthly rates of alcohol-induced hospitalisations and deaths nationally from July 2016 until February 2020 were modelled in an autoregressive integrated moving average analysis, and the counterfactual trend was forecasted until April 2021. We estimated the overall excess in average monthly numbers of alcohol-induced hospitalisations and deaths by sex, age and diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found excess monthly alcohol-induced hospitalisations overall (681 [95% prediction interval 481-872]), among males (437 [343-528]), females (208 [50-355]), 15- to 34-year-olds (144 [57-226]), 35- to 54-year-olds (331 [2-636]), for cardiovascular, digestive and endocrine diseases (164 [108-223]) and for neuropsychiatric conditions (483 [236-721]). Excess monthly alcohol-induced deaths were found overall (13 [4-21]), among males (10 [0-19]), females (4 [1-7]), 35- to 54-year-olds (8 [5-11]) and for cardiovascular, digestive and endocrine diseases (10 [2-18]) and poisonings (2 [0-4]).</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusions: </strong>Increased alcohol-induced hospitalisations and deaths across Australia indicate a need to continue to monitor the long-term impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic and develop strategies to minimise further harm among those currently affected and in the event of future public health crises.</p>","PeriodicalId":11318,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144526886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global Perspectives on Kava: A Narrative Systematic Review of the Health Effects, Economic and Social Impacts and Policy Considerations.","authors":"George Economidis, Michelle Lynch, Sophia Taylor, Winifred Asare-Doku, Georgina Macpherson, Louisa Degenhardt, Michael Farrell, Thomas Santo","doi":"10.1111/dar.14080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/dar.14080","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Kava is a plant-based drug central to many Pacific Island cultures, yet its physiological and psychological effects remain contested and poorly understood. Additionally, the broader social, economic, and policy consequences of kava trade and consumption are unclear. This paper systematically reviewed global literature on kava to clarify its role and potential impacts across these domains.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a systematic search of eight databases for records published between January 1980 and December 2022. Records on kava prevalence, social and cultural use, harms, benefits, economic impacts and policy reports were included. Data were narratively synthesised, combining qualitative and quantitative data extracted using a pre-designed template for each outcome, including a risk of bias evaluation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included 197 records across all domains. Most prevalence records used convenience samples in populations regularly consuming kava but with varying doses and periods. The harms and benefits of kava varied; its role in liver toxicity and anxiety reduction remains unclear. However, kava's social and cultural uses in recreational and traditional contexts and its economic importance in trade, distribution and sales across Pacific Islander countries were consistently reported.</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusions: </strong>Kava holds social and cultural significance and is an essential trading commodity for Pacific Islander countries. Additional high-quality studies with larger samples are necessary to better inform policies and regulations around kava's usage, distribution, and its potential harms and benefits.</p>","PeriodicalId":11318,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144495186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors Influencing Co-Use of Tobacco and Cannabis Amongst Young Adults in UK Further Education Colleges: A Qualitative Study.","authors":"Hannah Walsh, Ann McNeill, Maria Duaso","doi":"10.1111/dar.70002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/dar.70002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Tobacco and cannabis are commonly co-used (i.e., used concurrently or co-administered) but rarely 'co-addressed' and few co-use interventions exist. Young adulthood presents a key age for intervening in substance use, therefore understanding young adults' perspective is crucial, but little is known about how they understand or experience co-use. This study aimed to explore factors influencing co-use and changes to use within a population of young adults in the UK.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants were young adults recruited via three Further Education (vocational) colleges, who reported past 6-month co-use. Individual semi-structured interviews were carried out and analysed using the Framework approach.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eighteen participants were interviewed. Analysis identified influential factors, comprising three categories: (i) identity and social context including the concept of co-use; (ii) experiences; and (iii) understanding of effects. Family and peers were an important influence on use and cessation and young adults used their observation of peers' experiences to understand potential harms of each substance, as well as the complex relationship between cannabis use and mental health.</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusions: </strong>A broad range of factors influence co-use, and changes made to co-use, of tobacco and cannabis in young adults. Further investigation is needed to inform the development of co-use interventions. Credible co-use health risk information relevant to young adults, and the role of co-occurring mental health challenges need consideration in the development of co-use interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":11318,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144483611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mutual-Support Groups for Alcohol and Other Drug Use in East, South and Southeast Asia: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Wan Jie Tan, Briony Larance, Emma E Walter, Chloe J Haynes, Peter J Kelly","doi":"10.1111/dar.14094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/dar.14094","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Issues: </strong>Given the growing need to understand mutual-support groups for alcohol and other drug (AOD) recovery across diverse cultural contexts, it is essential to comprehensively examine these groups in East, South and Southeast Asia, including strategies to enhance their cultural appropriateness and their effectiveness.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>Searches were conducted in Cinahl, EMBASE, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science until November 2021. Original studies in peer-reviewed journals of any language and design that examined mutual-support groups for AOD use in these regions were included.</p><p><strong>Key findings: </strong>Forty-six studies were identified from 1612 de-duplicated records, predominantly from Japan (34.8%) and Iran (32.6%), with none from Southeast Asia. Most were cross-sectional (47.8%) and examined 12-step groups (76.1%). Culture-oriented adaptation strategies (values, beliefs, traditions) were most reported, with religion/spirituality most employed and friends/family involvement often proposed as important. Across all employed strategies, the use of community spaces (e.g., community centres, places of worship) was most common. Preliminary evidence suggests that strategies, especially those addressing nuanced sociocultural factors, correlate with positive AOD recovery outcomes.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>Findings reveal culture-, language- and community-oriented strategies that can be utilised to meet the cultural needs of target populations. Mutual-support group membership is associated with positive outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Strategies to enhance cultural appropriateness of mutual-support groups in East and South Asia were identified. Evidence on the effectiveness of mutual-support groups, particularly in Southeast Asia, remains limited. Future investigation can elucidate potential differences in effectiveness between types and extents of strategies used to enhance cultural appropriateness of mutual-support groups in these regions.</p>","PeriodicalId":11318,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144474264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Absolute Risk Prediction for Cannabis Use Disorder in Adolescence and Early Adulthood Using Bayesian Machine Learning.","authors":"Tingfang Wang, Joseph M Boden, Swati Biswas, Pankaj K Choudhary","doi":"10.1111/dar.14098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/dar.14098","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Substance use disorders (SUD) have emerged as a pressing public health concern in the United States, with adolescent substance use often leading to SUDs in adulthood. Effective strategies are needed to stem this progression. To help fulfil this need, we developed a novel absolute risk prediction model for cannabis use disorder (CUD) for adolescents or young adults who use cannabis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We trained a Bayesian machine learning model that provides a personalised CUD absolute risk for adolescents or young adults who use cannabis with data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health. Model performance was assessed using five-fold cross-validation (CV) with area under the curve (AUC) and ratio of the expected to observed number of cases (E/O). Independent validation of the final model was conducted using two datasets.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The proposed model has five risk factors: biological sex, delinquency, and scores on personality traits of conscientiousness, neuroticism and openness. For predicting CUD risk within 5 years of first cannabis use, AUC values for the training dataset and two validation datasets were 0.68, 0.64 and 0.75, respectively, and E/O values were 0.95, 0.98 and 1, respectively. This indicates good discrimination and calibration performance of the model.</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusion: </strong>The proposed model can aid clinicians in assessing the risk of developing CUD among adolescents and young adults who use cannabis, enabling clinically appropriate interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":11318,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144368693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}