Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy最新文献

{"title":"Electroacupuncture Exerts Anti-Obesity Effects by Affecting the Gut Microbiota and Upregulating Acetic Acid and 5-HT Levels in Obese Rats.","authors":"Jie Zhang, Chun Yang, Jian Xiong, Hongyu Qian, Yuanyuan Xie, Shunkai Xie, Yi Luo, Jianhong Yu, Hai Yu, Jing Xu","doi":"10.2147/DMSO.S514613","DOIUrl":"10.2147/DMSO.S514613","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Obesity is a highly prevalent metabolic disorder that significantly increases the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Acupuncture has demonstrated remarkable efficacy in treating obesity, offering substantial societal health benefits.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Electroacupuncture has shown promise in the treatment of obesity (OB). The development of obesity is directly linked to the gut microbiota. Therefore, we aimed to explore the mechanism by which electroacupuncture alleviates obesity induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) by modulating the gut microbiota.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fifty specific pathogen-free Sprague-Dawley (male) rats were obtained, and 44 rats were randomly selected and subjected to an HFD. The remaining six rats were used as controls and subjected to a basic diet. The successfully-induced-obese rats were randomly divided into four groups: the obese group (n=6), the obese+electroacupuncture group (n=6), the obese+antibiotic group (n=6), and the obese+antibiotic+electroacupuncture group (n=6). Furthermore, the weight-reducing effect of electroacupuncture was investigated in HFD-induced obese rats by monitoring their body weight, food consumption, Lee's index, blood fat, and liver steatosis. The levels of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), gut microbiota composition, and short-chain fatty acid content were measured and characterized.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Electroacupuncture significantly reduced body weight in obese rats and alleviated lipid metabolism disorders. Furthermore, it also improved the number, abundance, and structure of the gut microbiota in obese rats and increased acetic acid and 5-HT content. Moreover, Lactobacillus faecis (L. faecis) and Bacteroides fragilis (B. fragilis) were correlated with obesity-related indicators, acetic acid levels, and 5-HT content.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Electroacupuncture may exert anti-obesity effects by modulating acetic acid levels and 5-HT release by intestinal enterochromaffin cells. L. faecis and B. fragilis in the gut microbiota may be potential targets for the treatment of obesity in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":11116,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy","volume":"18 ","pages":"2995-3013"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12397505/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144946306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating Real-World Stability and Sterility of in-Use Insulin-An Urgent Public Health Concern. In Sub-Saharan Africa.","authors":"Emmanuel Kimaro, Eveline Thobias Konje, Amani Thomas Mori, Benson Richard Kidenya, Eliangiringa Kaale","doi":"10.2147/DMSO.S546772","DOIUrl":"10.2147/DMSO.S546772","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Insulin stability is a critical yet underexplored factor affecting diabetes outcomes in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). High ambient temperatures, unreliable refrigeration, and weak regulatory oversight may compromise insulin quality during storage and use. Patients often rely on traditional, non-validated methods that risk potency loss. This commentary highlights the urgent need for real-world studies on insulin stability and sterility in SSA to inform evidence-based practices and improve glycemic control among diabetic patients in resource-limited settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":11116,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy","volume":"18 ","pages":"3027-3030"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12390779/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144945852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MHR Was Associated with Hyperuricemia Risk in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: The Mediating Effect of Body Mass Index.","authors":"Bo Huang, Xin Li, Xin-Xin Zhang, Shi-Wei Li, Meng Wang, Qing Chen, Yi-Dan Cao, Jing-Qiu Cui","doi":"10.2147/DMSO.S535669","DOIUrl":"10.2147/DMSO.S535669","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The monocyte-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (MHR) reflects systemic inflammation, combining the pro-inflammatory role of monocytes with the anti-atherogenic and anti-inflammatory properties of HDL-cholesterol. Prior studies have established MHR as an independent predictor of hyperuricemia (HUA) prevalence. Emerging evidence further identifies MHR as a potential biomarker for early type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) screening, likely mediated through its association with insulin resistance. Therefore, our study specifically investigates the relationship between MHR and HUA in a T2DM population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study enrolled 1,261 T2DM patients. Logistic regression assessed associations between MHR and HUA. Mediation analysis evaluated body mass index (BMI) as a mediator. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis examined nonlinear relationships. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves compared predictive performance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Elevated MHR (adjusted OR = 2.040, 95% CI: 1.023 to 4.071, p < 0.05) was independently associated with HUA risk. BMI mediated 18.59% of the associations for MHR, respectively. RCS analysis revealed nonlinear patterns, with HUA risk increasing notably when MHR > 0.47. In ROC analysis, MHR demonstrated significant predictive ability for HUA, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.62.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Higher MHR was significantly associated with HUA risk in T2DM patients, with BMI serving as a key mediator. These markers may aid in early identification of patients at risk and underscore the importance of weight and inflammation control in HUA prevention.</p>","PeriodicalId":11116,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy","volume":"18 ","pages":"3015-3025"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12379993/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144945880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exosomes in Diabetic Wound Healing: Mechanisms, Applications, and Perspectives.","authors":"Jialian Yi, Qisheng Tang, Shuifen Sun, Hongqing Xie, Linping Wang, Xin Yin","doi":"10.2147/DMSO.S532885","DOIUrl":"10.2147/DMSO.S532885","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Delayed wound healing is a major complication of diabetes, significantly impacting patients' quality of life. Traditional treatments, such as wound debridement, dressing application, and growth factor therapy, often suffer from limited efficacy and significant side effects. In recent years, exosomes have emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for promoting diabetic skin wound healing. Exosomes, nano-sized vesicles secreted by cells, are rich in bioactive components, including proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids, enabling them to participate in intercellular communication and modulate cellular functions. Studies have demonstrated that exosomes derived from stem cells can significantly enhance diabetic wound healing. This effect is attributed to their ability to modulate key wound healing processes, including shortening the inflammatory phase, promoting angiogenesis, facilitating cell migration and re-epithelialization, and regulating collagen remodeling. Moreover, various pre-treatment strategies, applied to either the exosome-secreting cells or the isolated exosomes themselves, can significantly augment their therapeutic efficacy. As natural nanocarriers with low immunogenicity and high targeting specificity, exosomes hold great promise in tissue repair and regenerative medicine. This review summarizes the latest research progress on exosomes in diabetic wound healing, exploring their mechanisms of action and potential clinical applications, thereby establishing a foundation for the clinical translation of exosomes in diabetic wound management.</p>","PeriodicalId":11116,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy","volume":"18 ","pages":"2955-2976"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12377389/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144946309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic Value of Neutrophil CD64 Index in Diabetic Foot Osteomyelitis.","authors":"Haojie Sun, Hao Heng, Xuekui Liu, Houfa Geng, Jun Liang","doi":"10.2147/DMSO.S525260","DOIUrl":"10.2147/DMSO.S525260","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to assess the value of the Neutrophil CD64 (nCD64) index as a novel, rapid biomarker for the diagnosis of Diabetic foot osteomyelitis (DFO), with the goal of enhancing the accuracy of early detection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 142 hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes complicated by diabetic foot infection were included. Participants were categorized into a Non-DFO group (84 cases) and a DFO group (58 cases) based on the presence or absence of osteomyelitis. The white blood cell count (WBC), C-reactive protein (CRP), and procalcitonin (PCT), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and the nCD64 index were compared between the two groups. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify risk factors associated with DFO. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were generated, and the area under the curve (AUC) was calculated to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of the nCD64 index in diagnosing DFO.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The nCD64 index was significantly elevated in the DFO group compared to the Non-DFO group (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis indicated that the nCD64 index and ESR were independent risk factors for DFO (P < 0.05). The ROC-AUC analysis indicated that both the nCD64 index and ESR were associated with DFO. The nCD64 index exhibited superior predictive value compared to ESR (AUC: 0.895 vs 0.846). Specifically, the nCD64 index demonstrated the highest sensitivity at 96.6%, while ESR showed the highest specificity at 82.1%. When combined, the predictive value of the nCD64 index and ESR was optimal, with an AUC of 0.937, sensitivity of 86.2%, and specificity of 91.7%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The nCD64 index may serve as an effective new biomarker for the early detection of DFO. The combination of the nCD64 index and ESR could further enhance diagnostic accuracy.</p>","PeriodicalId":11116,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy","volume":"18 ","pages":"2985-2994"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12377379/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144946220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Risk Factors of Plasma Adiponectin Deficiency: A Cross-Sectional Study in a Physical Examination Cohort from Southwest China.","authors":"Mingxia Wu, Chunyu Hu, He Yu, Li Sun, Zongtao Chen","doi":"10.2147/DMSO.S522521","DOIUrl":"10.2147/DMSO.S522521","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Numerous studies have investigated adiponectin in disease populations, but no study has focused on the plasma adiponectin level, adiponectin deficiency, and its influencing factors in the population who have not yet developed disease symptoms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The data of physical examination subjects who completed adiponectin detection in our hospital from 2020 to 2024 were included. The adiponectin levels in different age, genders, and subgroups were analyzed, and the indicators under adiponectin deficiency (<4 µg/mL in men and <5 µg/mL in women) were compared. The factors that might affect adiponectin deficiency were further included in multivariate logistic regression analysis. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated to understand the possible risk factors for adiponectin deficiency.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 11829 subjects were included in the study, and the overall rate of adiponectin deficiency was 12.06%. The adiponectin level was generally higher in women; however, there were no significant differences among the subgroups of hypoproteinemia, low HDL-C, and anemia. Besides, hyperglycemia (OR: 2.02, 95% CI: 1.64-2.50), obesity (OR: 2.34, 95% CI: 1.87-2.91), hypertriglyceridemia (OR: 2.17, 95% CI: 1.89-2.48), low HDL-C (OR: 2.09, 95% CI: 1.66-2.65), increased PLT count (OR: 2.57, 95% CI: 1.57-4.50) and elevated ALT (OR: 1.48, 95% CI: 1.24-1.76) are associated with higher adiponectin deficiency. However, no significant associations were observed between adiponectin deficiency and gender, blood pressure, or elevated LDL-C.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The adiponectin level is generally higher in women than in men except for subjects with anemia, hypoproteinemia, and low HDL-C. Overweight/obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, low HDL-C, hyperuricemia, hyperglycemia, elevated ALT, and increased PLT count may be the risk factors for adiponectin deficiency. When these risk factors are present, targeted adiponectin testing is recommended.</p>","PeriodicalId":11116,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy","volume":"18 ","pages":"2945-2954"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12375313/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144945869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Orbital Fat is an Observation Model to Provide Insights into Adipocyte Hypertrophy and Hyperplasia During White Adipose Tissue Expansion.","authors":"Yu Cheng, Kaili Zhang, Jisong Liu, Guangpeng Liu","doi":"10.2147/DMSO.S521845","DOIUrl":"10.2147/DMSO.S521845","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Obesity is a global health problem characterized by excessive white adipose tissue (WAT) distribution. Adipocyte hypertrophy (increased cell size) and hyperplasia (differentiation into new adipocytes from pre-adipocytes) are two ways for WAT to expand. The precedence of hypertrophy over hyperplasia leads to an enlarged adipocyte size, which is associated with multiple metabolic dysfunctions. Compared with abdominal subcutaneous fat (SF), orbital fat (OF) has smaller adipocytes with less inflammatory infiltration, better vascularization, and higher adipogenic and proliferative capacities, reflecting a healthy metabolic state. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) can stabilize energy homeostasis via G protein-coupled receptor 120 (GPR120) to alleviate insulin resistance and inflammation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used lipidomics analysis to reveal a greater accumulation of two PUFAs-arachidonic acid (AA) and docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) in OF than in SF and then hypothesized that AA/DPA is one factor regulating WAT morphological and biological heterogeneity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mechanistically, the existing literature evidence suggests that AA/DPA signals may stimulate the co-activation and interaction of GPR120 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), at least partially contributing to adipose metabolic health.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>As the differential metabolites between OF and SF, AA and DPA, along with the relevant GPR120/PPARγ pathways, offer new therapeutic approaches for morbid obesity.</p>","PeriodicalId":11116,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy","volume":"18 ","pages":"2977-2984"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12375334/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144945812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"J-Shaped Relationship Between Visceral Fat Area and Large-Nerve Fiber Dysfunction Estimated by Vibration Perception Threshold in Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Dou Tang, Xi Gu, Yan Xuan, Qiong Liu, Leiqun Lu","doi":"10.2147/DMSO.S535989","DOIUrl":"10.2147/DMSO.S535989","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Although obesity has been implicated in the development of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), the relationship remains controversial. This study aimed to clarify the association between visceral fat area (VFA) and large nerve fiber dysfunction, as estimated by vibration perception threshold (VPT), in young and middle-aged Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study enrolled 501 adults aged 18-65 years with T2DM between March 2020 and August 2024. Visceral fat area was assessed using bioelectrical impedance analysis, and large nerve fiber dysfunction was evaluated via vibration perception threshold measurement. Multivariable logistic regression, generalized additive models, smooth curve fitting, and two-piecewise regression analyses were employed to explore the relationship between VFA and VPT.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the participants, 27.5% exhibited abnormal VPT. After adjustment for potential confounders, a nonlinear J-shaped association between VFA and VPT was observed. Two-piecewise logistic regression revealed a turning point at 133.9 cm² with a significant threshold effect (P for log-likelihood ratio test = 0.020). Below this threshold, VFA showed no significant association with abnormal VPT (OR = 1.00; 95% CI, 0.90-1.11; P = 0.978). However, above this threshold, each 10 cm² increase in VFA was associated with a 22% higher risk of abnormal VPT (OR = 1.22; 95% CI, 1.07-1.40; P = 0.003). Subgroup analyses and interaction tests were not significant (all P > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In young and middle-aged patients with T2DM, the relationship between visceral fat accumulation and large nerve fiber dysfunction exhibits a J-shaped curve. Notably, VFA exceeding the defined threshold of 133.9 cm² significantly increased the risk of impaired nerve function as measured by VPT.</p>","PeriodicalId":11116,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy","volume":"18 ","pages":"2935-2943"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12375345/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144945849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between the Triglyceride-Glucose Index and All-Cause Mortality Among Patients with Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease: A Retrospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Mengjiang Liu, Zhaodan Yan, Yi Zhang, Shengli Zhang","doi":"10.2147/DMSO.S539676","DOIUrl":"10.2147/DMSO.S539676","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to explore the relationship between the triglyceride-glucose index (TyG) and all-cause mortality among patients with diabetes and chronic kidney disease (CKD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a retrospective cohort study that included 512 patients with diabetes and CKD. The TyG index was considered the exposure factor, and patients were divided into three groups based on the tertiles of the TyG index. The association between the TyG index and all-cause mortality was evaluated using multivariate Cox regression analysis, subgroup analysis, sensitivity analysis, restricted cubic spline (RCS) plot, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant differences in clinical and metabolic parameters were observed across TyG tertiles, and all-cause mortality was markedly higher in the T3 group (P < 0.001). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that in the fully adjusted model (Model 3), the TyG index remained an independent risk factor, both as a continuous variable (HR = 1.582, 95% CI: 1.089-2.298, P = 0.016) and as a categorical variable (T3 vs T1, HR = 3.300, 95% CI: 1.820-5.984, P < 0.001). Subgroup analysis further confirmed consistent associations across various populations, including different age, sex, and comorbidity strata. Sensitivity analysis excluding patients with estimated glomerular filtration rate < 15 mL/min/1.73m² showed robust associations in both continuous and categorical forms (P < 0.05). RCS analysis revealed a significant nonlinear relationship between Log₁₀-transformed TyG index and all-cause mortality (P-nonlinear < 0.001). ROC curve analysis demonstrated that the TyG index alone had better predictive ability for all-cause mortality (AUC = 0.690) than age, hemoglobin A1c, or total cholesterol. The baseline model had an AUC of 0.809, which increased significantly to 0.878 (95% CI: 0.846-0.911) when the TyG index was added.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The TyG index was independently and nonlinearly associated with all-cause mortality in patients with diabetes and CKD. These findings suggest that the TyG index may serve as a useful, non-invasive biomarker for risk stratification and mortality prediction in this high-risk population, with potential clinical implications for improving long-term management and prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":11116,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy","volume":"18 ","pages":"2923-2933"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12374709/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144946269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum D-Dimer, Glycated Serum Protein, and HbA1c Levels in Predicting Macrosomia in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus.","authors":"Yunxia Quan, Yan Wang","doi":"10.2147/DMSO.S530401","DOIUrl":"10.2147/DMSO.S530401","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the predictive efficacy of serum D-Dimer (D-D), Glycated Serum Protein (GSP), and HbA1c levels for macrosomia in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was conducted on 224 pregnant women diagnosed with GDM from January 2021 to July 2024. Based on neonatal birth weight, 112 women were assigned to the macrosomia group, and 112 women with normal birth weight infants were assigned to the normal group. Serum levels of D-D, GSP, and HbA1c were measured and compared between the two groups. Binary regression analysis and ROC curve analysis were performed to assess the relationship between these biomarkers and the risk of macrosomia.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The macrosomia group had significantly higher levels of D-D (4.90 vs 2.98 mg/L), GSP (3.49 vs 3.07 μmol/L), HbA1c (7.49% vs 5.85%), and HOMA-IR (4.35 vs 3.84) compared to the normal group (all p<0.001). Multivariate regression analysis revealed that D-Dimer (OR = 2.374), Glycated Serum Protein (GSP, OR = 31.890), and HbA1c (OR = 2.482) were significantly associated with the occurrence of macrosomia, even after adjusting for confounders including BMI. ROC curve analysis demonstrated that the combined detection of D-D, GSP, and HbA1c had an AUC of 0.9241, with a sensitivity of 83.93% and specificity of 86.61%, providing higher diagnostic accuracy than single biomarkers.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Serum D-D, GSP, and HbA1c levels are significant factors in predicting macrosomia in GDM pregnancies. The combined use of these markers can improve diagnostic accuracy and serve as a valuable tool for early identification of high-risk pregnancies in clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":11116,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy","volume":"18 ","pages":"2913-2921"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12363977/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144945805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}