Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology最新文献

{"title":"In vitro assessment of portable, domestic UV-C disinfection devices' effects on skin fibroblasts.","authors":"Eleni Kardamila, Chara Almpani, Andreas Vitsos, Dimitra Ieronymaki, Aspasia Petri, Michail Ch Rallis","doi":"10.1080/15569527.2025.2502426","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15569527.2025.2502426","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Portable UV-C disinfection devices for domestic use have been widely commercially available since COVID-19 pandemic. Concerns regarding their safety have been expressed, while there is a lack of actual data regarding the health effects of commercial hand-held UV-C disinfection devices. Herein, the acute effects of two commercial UV-C devices for domestic disinfection are evaluated in vitro, under realistic exposure conditions.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Skin cells were exposed to an LP-Hg wand and an LED disinfection device for 10s, 30s, 5, 10 and 15 min. The devices measured the erythema effective irradiance was 5 W m^-2. Cellular viability, oxidative stress, protein oxidation and lipid peroxidation were evaluated right after irradiation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A dose-dependent cellular viability decrease and oxidative stress, protein oxidation and lipid peroxidation increase were demonstrated, while the LP-Hg wand seemed to induce more severe effects than the LED. Lipid peroxidation has been shown to be the dominant photooxidation mechanism, even at a sublethal radiant exposure.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results provide evidence regarding the cutaneous photodamaging effects of commercially available UV-C disinfection devices for domestic use at the cellular level, contributing to the UV-C disinfection devices' risk management.</p>","PeriodicalId":11023,"journal":{"name":"Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143973383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The retinal damage and dazzling effects of three-primary color lasers and their synthetic white laser on rabbit eyes.","authors":"Qiong Ma, Tianchi Xu, Bo Ni, Changke Wang, Hongxiang Kang","doi":"10.1080/15569527.2025.2455159","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15569527.2025.2455159","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>With the increasing use of diode lasers emitting in the visible light spectrum, concerns about their potential to dazzle and cause eye damage have grown. This study aims to determine the maximum safe exposure levels and evaluate the retinal damage and dazzling effects caused by red, green, blue, and synthetic white lasers.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A chinchilla grey rabbit model was used for experimentation. Lasers with wavelengths of 635 nm (red), 520 nm (green), and 456 nm (blue), along with their combined output as synthetic white light, were directed at the rabbits' eyes for 0.2 s. Retinal damage was assessed using a fundus camera at 1 h and 24 h post-irradiation. Histological analysis was conducted to evaluate tissue changes. The dazzling effect was measured by recording the b-wave recovery time in the electroretinogram 0.1 s after laser exposure.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The maximum safe power density levels for red, green, blue, and synthetic white lasers were found to be 140, 60, 35, and 55 mJ/cm², respectively. Exposures exceeding these thresholds resulted in visible retinal damage, including white-coagulated spots, hemorrhages, and corresponding histopathological changes. At an exposure level of 12.0 mJ/cm², the b-wave recovery times for green, blue, and synthetic white light were 9.0, 8.0, and 7.8 s, respectively, while no dazzling effect was observed with the red laser.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The synthetic white light laser exhibited slightly inferior safety compared to the green laser but was significantly safer than the blue laser, with fewer dazzling effects. These findings provide valuable insights for the safe use of visible light lasers.</p>","PeriodicalId":11023,"journal":{"name":"Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology","volume":" ","pages":"72-81"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143381709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of elamipretide and methylprednisolone treatment on optic nerve, retina and brain damage in a methanol poisoning model: biochemical and histopathological evaluation.","authors":"Ozlem Bulbul, Renad Mammadov, Bahadır Suleyman, Ali Kulaber, Yunus Karaca, Huseyin Yaman, Engin Yenilmez, Aynur Sahin, Vildan Ozer","doi":"10.1080/15569527.2024.2430241","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15569527.2024.2430241","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to biochemically and histopathologically evaluate the protective and therapeutic effects of elamipretide and methylprednisolone on methanol poisoning-induced brain, optic nerve, and retinal toxicity.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>In this study, 40 male Wistar Albino rats were divided into six groups: healthy control (HC), methotrexate (MTX, 0.3 mg/kg/d for 7 d), methotrexate + methanol (MTX-M, 0.3 mg/kg/d for 7 d + methanol 3 g/kg on Day 8), methotrexate + methanol + methylprednisolone (MTX-M-MPZ, 0.3 mg/kg/d for 7 d + methanol 3 g/kg on Day 8 + MPZ 1 mg/kg/d for 3 d), methotrexate + methanol + elamipretide (MTX-M-E, 0.3 mg/kg/d for 7 d + methanol 3 g/kg on Day 8 + elamipretide 5 mg/kg/d for 3 d), and methotrexate + methanol + methylprednisolone + elamipretide (MTX-M-MPZ-E, 0.3 mg/kg/d for 7 d + methanol 3 g/kg on Day 8 + MPZ 1 mg/kg/d + Elamipretide 5 mg/kg/d for 3 d). The rats were euthanized 8 h after the last drug administration. Histopathological and biochemical evaluations were performed on serum, caudatoputamen, and ocular tissues. Retinal degeneration was assessed using a scoring system where higher scores indicate less degeneration, with a score of 5 representing normal structure and 1 reflecting severe degeneration.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the MTX-M-MPZ-E group, the retinal degeneration score was higher than in MTX-M group (<i>p</i> = 0.002). The apoptosis index in the retina was highest in MTX-M group, while it was lower in MTX-M-MPZ-E group compared to MTX-M group (<i>p</i> = 0.018). In addition, the apoptosis index in the caudatoputamen was lower in MTX-M-MPZ-E group compared to MTX-M group (<i>p</i> = 0.009).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Combined elamipretide and methylprednisolone treatment improved optic nerve and retinal degeneration, reduced neuronal degeneration in the caudatoputamen, decreased oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation, and reduced apoptosis in the retina and caudatoputamen.</p>","PeriodicalId":11023,"journal":{"name":"Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology","volume":" ","pages":"22-34"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142726749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacovigilance in intraocular antiangiogenic therapy.","authors":"Marianne Levon Shahsuvaryan","doi":"10.1080/15569527.2025.2475445","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15569527.2025.2475445","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction/objective: </strong>Anti-VEGF (Vascular endothelial growth factor) agents have revolutionized ophthalmotherapy and are vital for various retinal disease treatment in ophthalmic practice. Ophthalmology has witnessed an explosion in the number of intravitreal injections delivered to patients over the past years. The rising popularity of anti-VEGF drugs came along with concerns about its safety in clinical use. The aim of this focused review is to critically analyze currently available findings on systemic safety.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A literature search was conducted using PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases for studies published from January 2012 to February 2025. The reference lists of meta-analyses and selected studies were also reviewed. Eighty four articles of high or medium clinical relevance were selected for review. The exclusion criteria included non-English language publications, articles directly unrelated to the review topic, commentaries, conference abstracts.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Systemic safety concern in intraocular pharmacotherapy by antiangiogenic agents has a strong body of clinical evidence, resulting in plenty of peer reviewed clinical articles. It is certainly becoming recognized that anti-VEGF agents, despite given intraocularly, have the potential to cause systemic adverse events, such as cardiovascular, renal, neurological.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Accumulating evidence obviate the need to raise medical professionals' awareness about systemic risk profile in patients with eye diseases treated by anti-VEGF, paying a special attention on patients with diabetes and older patients with multimorbidity. Early identification and prompt management of patients with undesirable systemic side effects secondary to intraocular pharmacotherapy by angiogenics can lessen disease severity, and help achieve earlier resolution.</p>","PeriodicalId":11023,"journal":{"name":"Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology","volume":" ","pages":"118-125"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143623853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Juvenile toxicity of atropine sulfate eye drops in young rats.","authors":"Wenqiang Zhang, Wei Yang, Lu Liu, Jinlong Dai, Linyi Wang, Yuankeng Huang, Xialing Lei, Junli Lin, Fafu Zhang, Jianmin Guo","doi":"10.1080/15569527.2024.2432507","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15569527.2024.2432507","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study was to investigate the effects of atropine sulphate eye drops (ASED)on the development of partial systems in young rats and their toxic reactions following repeated eye-drop administration over a period of 40 days.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>SD rats of 20 days old were randomly assigned to control group, 0.01, 0.02, and 0.04% ASED groups, with 60 females and 25 males per group. ASED was given by eye drops from PND₂₁ onwards and normal saline was given in the control group at 10 μL/eye once a day for 40 days, in both right and left eyes. Rats of ASED groups were instilled with eye drops at the 10 μL/day per eye, from postnatal day 21 (PND₂₁) to PND₆₀ for 40 consecutive days. The clinical observation, body weight, food intake, physical development, physiological development, reproductive development, ophthalmic examination, intraocular pressure, and axial length of the rats were examined during the study period.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ASED at concentrations of 0.01, 0.02, 0.04%, dose levels of 0.002, 0.004, 0.008 mg/day per rat, had no toxicological effects on the clinical observation, body weight, food intake, physical development, physiological development, reproductive development, ophthalmic examination, intraocular pressure, and axial length in rats.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The no-observed-adverse-effect-level (NOAEL) of ASED in young SD rats equivalent to human over 2 years old was 0.008 mg/day at a concentration of 0.4 mg/mL.</p>","PeriodicalId":11023,"journal":{"name":"Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology","volume":" ","pages":"43-49"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142767332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of changes in thickness of macular sublayers in patients using Hydroxychloroquine: a cross sectional case-control study and literature review.","authors":"Mohsen Farvardin, Payam Peiravian, Mahdi Ravankhah, M Hossein Nowroozzadeh","doi":"10.1080/15569527.2024.2438629","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15569527.2024.2438629","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To assess changes in the thickness of macular sublayers in individuals taking hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) without any evident toxicity and to review the relevant literature.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective case-control study examined 47 adults on HCQ without evident toxicity on spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and visual field tests, as well as 25 healthy controls. Macular thickness in different sublayers was measured using SD-OCT. The thickness of combination layers and the variability of sublayers were also recorded. Data were compared between the case and control groups, and the correlation between cumulative HCQ use and outcome measures was analysed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The average age of participants in the case and control groups was 45.6 ± 9.3 and 46.8 ± 11.7 years, respectively (<i>p</i> = 0.831). The percentage of female participants was 91.5% in the case group and 84.0% in the control group (<i>p</i> = 0.927). In the case group, the average duration of HCQ use was 5.1 ± 5.2 years, with a mean cumulative dose of 301 ± 365 g. No significant differences were found in the visual field mean deviation or pattern standard deviation between patients with HCQ use of <5-years vs. ≥5-years. Additionally, there were no statistically significant differences in various retinal thickness measurements between the case and control groups. However, a significant association was observed between the cumulative dose of HCQ and the thickness of the outer retinal layer (ORL) in both the outer (<i>r</i> = 0.344; <i>p</i> = 0.032) and inner Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) macular rings (<i>r</i> = 0.303; <i>p</i> = 0.061).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>No significant difference in macular sublayer thickness was found between patients taking HCQ without evident toxicity and the control group. A weak direct association was observed between the cumulative dose of HCQ and the ORL thickness. These findings suggest that analysing macular sublayer thickness may not be useful in detecting the earliest signs of presumed HCQ toxicity in individuals without classical sign of toxicity on qualitative SD-OCT or visual field test.</p>","PeriodicalId":11023,"journal":{"name":"Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology","volume":" ","pages":"55-62"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142827868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictors of severity in prostaglandin-associated periorbitopathy.","authors":"Meryem Altın Ekin, Gul Arıkan, Eren Yagmurlu, Ozlem Ural Fatihoglu, Ali Devebacak, Omer Kartı, Ziya Ayhan, Meltem Soylev Bajin","doi":"10.1080/15569527.2025.2475450","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15569527.2025.2475450","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the predictive factors for severity in prostaglandin-associated periorbitopathy (PAP) using an objective grading system.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included patients diagnosed with glaucoma or ocular hypertension who had used a topical prostaglandin analog (PGA) unilaterally for at least three months. Clinical characteristics and PAP signs were compared based on the types of PGAs used. The severity of PAP signs was categorised according to an objective grading system. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify risk factors for different grades of PAP.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 86 patients included in the study, 24 (27.9%) used bimatoprost, 35 (40.7%) used latanoprost, and 27 (31.4%) used travoprost. The most commonly observed feature of PAP was orbital fat atrophy (48.8%), followed by deepening of the upper eyelid sulcus (38.4%), involution of dermatochalasis (32.6%), and enophthalmos (26.7%). Fifty-eight patients (67.4%) exhibited at least one periorbital change associated with PGA use. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that age >60 years (<i>p</i> < 0.05), the use of bimatoprost (<i>p</i> < 0.05) and travoprost (<i>p</i> < 0.05), and PGA therapy duration >1 year (<i>p</i> < 0.05) were independent risk factors for higher grades of PAP.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Older age, longer duration of PGA therapy, and the use of bimatoprost and travoprost were significant and independent predictors of severe PAP in patients with glaucoma. Patients with these risk factors should be identified and managed to prevent the development of severe PAP.</p>","PeriodicalId":11023,"journal":{"name":"Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology","volume":" ","pages":"126-134"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143584959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Applications of heavy metal-based nanoparticles in cosmetics: a comprehensive review.","authors":"Malaika Naveed, Tariq Javed, Muhammad Danish Zawar, Uswa Shafqat, Muhammad Babar Taj, Muhammad Wasim, Maryam Batool, Muhammad Amir Zawar","doi":"10.1080/15569527.2025.2472156","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15569527.2025.2472156","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The utilisation of heavy metal-based nanoparticles in cosmetic products has been steadily increasing because of their extraordinary physicochemical properties and benefits. In this thorough review, we will delve into the various types of nanoparticles, such as green nanoparticles, metallic nanoparticles, and carbon-based nanoparticles, with a special focus on heavy metal-based nanoparticles. These heavy metal-based nanoparticles exhibit exceptional physical and mechanical properties, making them suitable materials for cosmetic and personal care products. Silver nanoparticles effectively treat acne and have strong antimicrobial properties, while gold nanoparticles have anti-ageing and anti-inflammatory properties. ZnO and TiO2 nanoparticles are commonly used in sunscreens as ultraviolet (UV) filters to protect against ultraviolet-A (UVA) and ultraviolet-B (UVB) radiation. Certain metals like nickel, chromium, and cobalt are major allergens, frequently causing contact dermatitis and allergic reactions in sensitive individuals. Extensive use of materials such as cadmium, lead, mercury, and arsenic (metalloid) in cosmetics poses long-term health risks, including carcinogenicity, neurotoxicity, and organ damage. The utilisation of herbal extracts containing heavy metals in cosmetics further improves the effectiveness of personal care products due to their antioxidant properties. Consumer awareness and regulatory concerns, especially among those with metal allergies, are crucial for understanding the potential risks associated with heavy metal-containing cosmetics. Looking ahead, future research efforts should concentrate on the development of safer, non-toxic, natural nanomaterials and biocompatible alternatives to heavy metal-based nanoparticles.</p>","PeriodicalId":11023,"journal":{"name":"Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology","volume":" ","pages":"95-112"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143604278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Benefits of incorporating plant extracts into a commercially available foundation for daily skin use.","authors":"Zhengrui Liao, Shiwen Wen, Lee-Hoon Ho, Thuan-Chew Tan","doi":"10.1080/15569527.2025.2467620","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15569527.2025.2467620","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study examined a plant extract (PE) foundation's safety, antioxidant and protective properties. To offer a scientific foundation for the viability of creating 'skincare makeup' and improve the comprehension of cosmetic compositions' efficacy evaluations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cellular assays tested six different concentrations (up to 5%) of the PE for cell viability levels and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels of human immortalised epidermal cells (HaCaTs). The identified non-cytotoxic concentration (0.5% PE) was then tested by gene assays. A commercial foundation containing 0.5% PE (PEF0.5) was tested for safety, skin protective effectiveness, and user satisfaction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to the control groups, 0.5% PE had a significant inhibitory effect on the expression level of MMP-1 but promoted the expression of COL1A1, COL3A1, ELN, and AQP3. PEF0.5 significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) reduced wrinkles and transepidermal water loss (TEWL) while improving hydration, glossiness, and elasticity for 14 and 28 days. Interestingly, sebum was reduced by PEF0.5 at 28 days without any negative consequences for 28 days. No significant (<i>p</i> > 0.05) differences were detected in the foundation's effectiveness and usability.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Applying PEF0.5 for 28 days may improve the skin barrier function, as indicated by skin TEWL, hydration, wrinkle, elasticity, and sebum content, without any adverse effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":11023,"journal":{"name":"Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology","volume":" ","pages":"82-94"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143476334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of systemic fingolimod treatment on anterior segment parameters and tear film functions.","authors":"Atike Burcin Tefon Aribas, Semra Mungan, Feyza Dicle Işik, Gokhan Celik, Gonul Vural, Ersin Kasım Ulusoy, Nilay Yuksel","doi":"10.1080/15569527.2024.2432508","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15569527.2024.2432508","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate the potential effects of systemic fingolimod treatment on parameters of the anterior segment of the eye and tear film function tests in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty-eight eyes of 24 individuals who were started on systemic fingolimod treatment for relapsing-remitting MS were prospectively enrolled in this study. Patients underwent examinations immediately before initiation of systemic fingolimod treatment, and at the first and sixth months of treatment. Anterior segment parameters were measured using Sirius Topography. The Schirmer-I test and tear break-up time (TBUT) were recorded during follow-up. Retinal thickness was also analyzed using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was no statistically significant difference in retinal thickness measurements between follow-up visits. The central corneal thickness, keratometric values, anterior chamber depth, aqueous humor depth, iridocorneal angle, horizontal anterior chamber tilt and anterior chamber volume values remained similar during follow-up. The Schirmer-I test value was 15.10 ± 2.65 mm at the zeroth month and 17.03 ± 3.61 mm at the sixth month (<i>p</i> = 0.044). The mean TBUT was significantly higher at the six-month visit compared to baseline and the one-month visit (<i>p</i>_0-6 < 0.001, <i>p</i>_1-6 < 0.001), but there was no statistically significant difference between baseline and month 1 (<i>p</i>_0-1 = 0.419).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Systemic use of fingolimod may increase Schirmer I test and TBUT values in MS patients without altering other anterior segment parameters within 6 months.</p>","PeriodicalId":11023,"journal":{"name":"Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology","volume":" ","pages":"50-54"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142823982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}