Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology最新文献

{"title":"Effect of adenosine triphosphate on ribociclib-induced skin toxicity in rats.","authors":"Nergis Akbaş,&nbsp;Emin Murat Akbaş,&nbsp;Zeynep Süleyman,&nbsp;Betül Çiçek,&nbsp;Ahmet Gökhan Ağgül,&nbsp;Behzad Mokhtare,&nbsp;Halis Süleyman","doi":"10.1080/15569527.2023.2166524","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15569527.2023.2166524","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Ribociclib is a CDK4/6 inhibitor approved for the treatment of breast cancer; it inhibits the activity of CDK4/6 by competitively binding to adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) binding sites. Although generally well-tolerated, ribociclib has been connected to a number of serious dermatologic complications. This study explored the effects of ATP on ribociclib-induced skin damage.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Using a rat model, ATP 25 mg/kg was injected intraperitoneally in the ATP + Ribociclib (ATR) group (<i>n</i> = 6). Distilled water as solvent was applied to the healthy control (HC) group (<i>n</i> = 6) and ribociclib (RCB) group (<i>n</i> = 6). One hour after ATP and solvent administration, ribociclib (200 mg/kg) suspension prepared in distilled water was administered to the stomach by gavage (ATR and RCB groups). This was repeated once a day for 15 d. After that period, biochemical markers were studied in the skin tissues and histopathological evaluations were conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the histopathological evaluation of the RCB group, dermal necrosis, degeneration in hair follicles, and pycnosis in keratinocytes were observed. Only mild degeneration was observed in the ATR group; the HC group had a normal histological appearance. The malondialdehyde (MDA) values were significantly higher and the superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and total glutathione (tGSH) levels were significantly lower in the RCB group in comparison to the HC group (<i>p</i> < .001). ATP reduced the ribociclib-induced increases in the MDA values and decreased the SOD, CAT, and tGSH levels in the ATR group (<i>p</i> < .001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ATP may be useful in the treatment of ribociclib-induced skin damage.</p>","PeriodicalId":11023,"journal":{"name":"Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9082996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Further optimisation of a macromolecular ocular irritation test (OptiSafe^TM).","authors":"Stewart Lebrun, Sara Chavez, Linda Nguyen, Roxanne Chan","doi":"10.1080/15569527.2023.2170067","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15569527.2023.2170067","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>OptiSafe^TM (OS) is a shelf stable, nonanimal test for ocular irritation. A recent database search found that half of the OS false positive (FP) materials were associated with reactive oxygen chemistries but were not eye irritants <i>in vivo</i> (based on historical rabbit studies by other groups). We hypothesized that naturally occurring tear antioxidants protect the eye from reactive chemistries <i>in vivo</i> and that specific tear chemistries might help explain why some materials are FP for nonanimal tests but are reported as nonirritants in the live animal. To test this hypothesis, a prior study evaluated tear antioxidants and found that the tear antioxidant ascorbic acid, added at human physiological tear levels to the OS test, specifically reduced the measured values for these FPs but did not reduce the true-positive rate. Based on these findings, the OS test method was further optimized. The purpose of the current study was to comprehensively evaluate the performance of the further optimized test method for detection of ocular irritants.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The OS test measures chemically induced damage to macromolecules and relates these measured values to ocular irritancy. To improve the performance of OS, we made updates to the material to be tested physiochemical handling procedures, prediction model, and test method to include tear-level concentrations of ascorbic acid. We then retested the 78 chemicals from the prior OS-coded validation study in triplicate and compared the accuracy of the 'nonirritant versus irritant' prediction for the further optimized method with the prior results.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We report that for the detection of 'nonirritant' versus 'irritant' (GHS NC versus categories 2B/A and 1) test substances, the further optimized OS test with ascorbic acid compared with the original version has a FP rate that is reduced from 40.0 to 22.2%, the false-negative (FN) rate remains at 0.0%, and the accuracy improved from 80.3% to 89.2%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A comparison to OECD-adopted tests demonstrates that the further optimized OS test, like the original method, has a higher accuracy and lower FN rate for the detection of 'nonirritants' versus 'irritants' (GHS Category NC versus 2B/A and 1) than the other eye irritation tests (BCOP, EpiOcular^TM Eye Irritation Test, ICE, Ocular Irritection^®, and STE).</p>","PeriodicalId":11023,"journal":{"name":"Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10381028/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9897128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of second-generation H1-antihistamine drugs on angiogenesis in <i>in vivo</i> chick chorioallantoic membrane model.","authors":"Nilay Duman,&nbsp;Reşat Duman,&nbsp;Ayhan Vurmaz","doi":"10.1080/15569527.2022.2152040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15569527.2022.2152040","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Literature on the effects of second-generation H1-antihistamines on angiogenesis is limited.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate the effects of cetirizine, desloratadine, and rupatadine (second-generation H1-antihistamines commonly used in dermatology clinics) on angiogenesis in an <i>in vivo</i> chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study was approved by the local ethics committee on animal experimentation. Forty fertilized specific pathogen free eggs were incubated and kept under appropriate temperature and humidity control. Drug solutions were prepared in identical concentrations by dissolving powders in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). On the third day of the incubation, a small window was opened on the CAM and 0.1 mL desloratadine (1.5 μg/0.1 mL) in the first group, 0.1 mL cetirizine (1.5 μg/0.1 mL) in the second group, 0.1 mL rupatadine in the third group (1.5 μg/0.1 mL), and PBS (0.1 mL) in the fourth group were administered by injection. On the eighth day of incubation, the vascular structures of the CAMs were macroscopically examined and standard digital photographs were taken. The digital images were analyzed and data including mean vessel density, thickness, and number were compared between groups. <i>p</i> < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Vessel densities were similar in the desloratadine, cetirizine, and control groups, whereas they were significantly less in the rupatadine group (<i>p</i> = 0.01). Furthermore, the rupatadine group had significantly lower vessel thickness and number compared with the other groups (<i>p</i> < 0.05 for both).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Rupatadine showed anti-angiogenic effects in the chick CAM model, compared with desloratadine and cetirizine. The anti-angiogenic effect of rupatadine could be due to its platelet-activating factor (PAF) receptor inhibition. Thus, rupatadine could be a treatment agent in pathological processes in which angiogenesis is responsible. Further studies with larger series are needed to clarify this potential.</p>","PeriodicalId":11023,"journal":{"name":"Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9072322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of corneal topographic and densitometric properties in patients receiving systemic isotretinoin therapy.","authors":"Mustafa Tosun,&nbsp;Erman Bozali,&nbsp;Duygu Yalınbaş Yeter,&nbsp;Anıl Selim Apa","doi":"10.1080/15569527.2022.2152042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15569527.2022.2152042","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate dry eye parameters, corneal topographic features, corneal densitometric changes, and anterior segment parameters in patients receiving systemic isotretinoin treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective cross-sectional study included 66 eyes of 33 patients who were started on oral isotretinoin therapy for severe acne vulgaris. All patients were evaluated in terms of ocular surface tests such as tear break-up time (TBUT) and Schirmer-1 and were asked to fill in the ocular surface disease index (OSDI) questionnaire. Corneal densitometric and topographic measurements were obtained using the Scheimpflug imaging system.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of the patients was 19.9 ± 1.6 years, and 21 (63.6%) of the participants were female. The mean OSDI score was significantly higher in the third month than before treatment (20.05 ± 19.38, vs. 26.96 ± 22.94, <i>p = 0.00,</i> respectively). The mean values of the TBUT test were significantly lower in the third month than before treatment (9.06 ± 4.40 sec, vs. 10.71 ± 4.61 sec, <i>p = 0.02,</i> respectively). Mean scores of the Schirmer 1 test showed no statistically significant difference between before treatment and the third month (16.08 ± 8.40 mm, vs. 16.08 ± 8.50 mm, <i>p = 1,</i> respectively). There was no statistically significant difference between before treatment and the third month in the majority of the densitometry measurements in concentric zones. However, the difference tended to be significant between the groups concerning posterior zone 0-2 mm (11.01 ± 0.85 GSU vs. 10.62 ± 0.89 GSU, <i>p = 0.006</i>). The RMS LOAs (front), RMS Total (Total), RMS LOAs Total (Total), RMS HOAs Total (Total), <i>K</i>_max, CCT, and CoV values were significantly higher in the third month than before treatment (<i>p</i> < 0.05 for all).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The dermatology specialists should be aware of the ocular complications of systemic isotretinoin therapy. Therefore, a complete ophthalmologic examination for the prompt apprehension and management of ocular involvement is essential in patients under isotretinoin therapy to increase ocular comfort and adherence to the therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":11023,"journal":{"name":"Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9082049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of lipid-containing eye drops on the ocular surface and <i>in vivo</i> confocal microscopy findings in patients using systemic isotretinoin.","authors":"Ahmet Alp Bilgic,&nbsp;Huri Sabur,&nbsp;Mutlu Acar,&nbsp;Filiz Canpolat","doi":"10.1080/15569527.2023.2166523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15569527.2023.2166523","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the effects of lipid-containing Rohto Dry Aid eye drops and sodium hyaluronate eye drops on the ocular surface and in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) findings in patients using systemic isotretinoin.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included 71 patients using systemic isotretinoin for acne vulgaris. Ocular surface and tear functions were evaluated with the tear break-up time (TBUT), corneal fluorescein staining (CFS), and the ocular surface disease index questionnaire (OSDI). Meibography was used for the staging of Meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) while IVCM was used for the analysis of corneal micro-structural changes. The data of 36 patients using Rohto Dry Aid (the Rohto group) and 35 patients using sodium hyaluronate (the SH group) were recorded. Pre-treatment, first month and third month data were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Longer TBUT, lower OSDI score, and less CFS were observed in the first and third months after treatment in the Rohto group (<i>p</i> < 0.001). There was no significant change in TBUT and CFS in the first month (<i>p</i> > 0.05) in the SH group (<i>p</i> < 0.05) but lower TBUT and more CFS were observed in the third month. There was no significant change in the OSDI score in the SH group. There was a significant decrease in dendritic cells, activated keratocytes, and nerve tortuosity with IVCM in both groups. However, no significant difference was found between the two groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Rohto Dry Aid, with its support of the lipid layer, is an effective and safe treatment agent that can improve both ocular surface and IVCM findings in evaporative dry eye cases with MGD.</p>","PeriodicalId":11023,"journal":{"name":"Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9427543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of the short-term effects of water drinking test on the eye using optical coherence tomography angiography in young healthy male subjects.","authors":"Adem Soydan,&nbsp;Fatih Ulaş,&nbsp;Abdulgani Kaymaz,&nbsp;Güvenç Toprak,&nbsp;Enes Uyar,&nbsp;Serdal Çelebi","doi":"10.1080/15569527.2022.2126493","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15569527.2022.2126493","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the acute effects of the water drinking test (WDT) on the eye using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) on healthy young male subjects.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included 25 eyes of 25 male subjects. Selected parameters of the retinal vasculature were measured, including macular flow indices, foveal avascular zone, and vessel densities (VDs) of the macula using OCTA. The measurements were taken on the first day without drinking water at 0 min, 30 min and 60 min, then repeated on the second day before drinking water at 0 min, and after drinking water at 30 min and 60 min. The Paired Samples <i>t</i>-test and repeated measures One-way analysis of variance test were used in the statistical analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The repeated measures analysis of variance test using Bonferroni adjustment demonstrated a significant increase in superficial and deep foveal VD following WDT (<i>p</i> < 0.001 for both). Intraocular pressure, retinal nerve fibre layer thickness, foveal avascular zone, flow area of choriocapillaris, flow area of outer retina, foveal non-flow area of superficial layer, and retinal thickness measurements showed no significant changes following WDT.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>WDT is associated with temporary flow modifications in superficial and deep foveal vascular plexus in young male subjects.</p>","PeriodicalId":11023,"journal":{"name":"Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40379635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Particulate matter 2.5 promotes inflammation and cellular dysfunction <i>via</i> reactive oxygen species/p38 MAPK pathway in primary rat corneal epithelial cells.","authors":"Da Hye Kim,&nbsp;Hyesook Lee,&nbsp;Hyun Hwangbo,&nbsp;So Young Kim,&nbsp;Seon Yeong Ji,&nbsp;Min Yeong Kim,&nbsp;Seh-Kwang Park,&nbsp;Sung-Ho Park,&nbsp;Mi-Young Kim,&nbsp;Gi-Young Kim,&nbsp;Jaehun Cheong,&nbsp;Soo-Wan Nam,&nbsp;Yung Hyun Choi","doi":"10.1080/15569527.2022.2122489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15569527.2022.2122489","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Numerous studies have linked particulate matter2.5 (PM_2.5) to ocular surface diseases, but few studies have been conducted on the biological effect of PM_2.5 on the cornea. The objective of this study was to evaluate the harmful effect of PM2.5 on primary rat corneal epithelial cells (RCECs) <i>in vitro</i> and identify the toxic mechanism involved.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Primary cultured RCECs were characterized by pan-cytokeratin (CK) staining. In PM2.5-exposed RCECs, cell viability, microarray gene expression, inflammatory cytokine levels, mitochondrial damage, DNA double-strand break, and signalling pathway were investigated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Exposure to PM_2.5 induced cytotoxicity and morphological changes in RCECs. In addition, PM_2.5 markedly up-regulated pro-inflammatory mediators but down-regulated the wound healing-related transforming growth factor-β. Furthermore, PM_2.5 promoted mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and mediated cellular damage to mitochondria and DNA, whereas these cellular alterations induced by PM_2.5 were markedly suppressed by a potential ROS scavenger. Noteworthy, removal of ROS selectively down-regulated the phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and the activation of the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p65 in PM_2.5-stimulated cells. Additionally, SB203580, a p38 MAPK inhibitor, markedly suppressed these PM_2.5-mediated cellular dysfunctions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Taken together, our findings show that PM_2.5 can promote the ROS/p38 MAPK/NF-κB signalling pathway and lead to mitochondrial damage and DNA double-strand break, which is ultimately caused inflammation and cytotoxicity in RCECs. These findings indicate that the ROS/p38 MAPK/NF-κB signalling pathway is one mechanism involved in PM_2.5-induced ocular surface disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":11023,"journal":{"name":"Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33463875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retinoid-associated myopia in dermatologic patients: a systematic review.","authors":"Gabriele Roccuzzo,&nbsp;Tommaso Tibaldi,&nbsp;Francesco Cavallo,&nbsp;Carola Aquino,&nbsp;Teresa Rolle,&nbsp;Pietro Quaglino,&nbsp;Simone Ribero","doi":"10.1080/15569527.2022.2137177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15569527.2022.2137177","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Systemic retinoids are among the most prescribed drugs in dermatology, thanks to their activity as proliferation modulators and keratinisation normalisers. Common side effects such as blood lipid disorders, xerosis and photosensitivity are well established and usually dose dependent. Conversely, retinoid-associated ocular disturbances have been reported, yet with differences in terms of frequency and manifestations As data regarding a potential correlation with refractive errors are heterogenous and have not been previously thoroughly addressed, we performed a systematic review of the literature with the aim of comprehensively evaluating the current evidence regarding retinoid-associated myopia in dermatologic patients.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A systematic review of the literature was carried out according to the PRISMA guidelines. A search on MEDLINE, Pubmed, Scopus, Cochrane Library was conducted using the MeSH terms: retinoid, isotretinoin, acitretin, bexarotene, etretinate, alitretinoin, myopia, refractive errors, via the Boolean term AND. Only manuscripts in English were considered, there was no restriction on type of article. Animal research and in vitro studies were excluded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Six articles were finally included in this systematic review. One well designed prospective study was able to show a slight myopic shift in the first six months, but id did not evaluate further development of the refractive error nor the effects of drug discontinuation. Another prospective study, with a smaller sample size showed no myopic progression at 12 months. Two case reports showed a myopic shift after two weeks from therapy start. Another case report showed a myopic shift associated with narrowing of the anterior chamber after one week from therapy start. Finally a large retrospective study based on spontaneous reporting systems and world's literature classified myopia as a certain side effect.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Considering the current literature, it is not possible to define a clear correlation between the use of retinoids and the development or worsening of myopia. Some studies suggest that retinoids may cause a myopic shift and the pathophysiologyical mechanism is supported by some animal and in vitro studies, but there is a lack of large prospective and well-controlled studies. In case of ocular disturbances after retinoid use a prompt ophthalmological referral is advisable and in case of the detection of a myopic refractive error a relationship to retinoids should be ruled out, considering also other possible causes such as age and previous refractive status.</p>","PeriodicalId":11023,"journal":{"name":"Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40339630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The protective effect of carvacrol on bevacizumab-related skin injury in rats: a biochemical and histopathological evaluation.","authors":"Muge Gore Karaali,&nbsp;Soner Karaali,&nbsp;Damla Demir,&nbsp;Gulce Naz Yazıcı,&nbsp;Abdulkadir Coban,&nbsp;Renad Mammadov,&nbsp;Bahadır Suleyman,&nbsp;Halis Suleyman","doi":"10.1080/15569527.2022.2124413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15569527.2022.2124413","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Bevacizumab is a recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody that specifically binds to vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Cutaneous side effects of bevacizumab are seen with substantial frequency and may require the interruption of the treatment. The aim of the study was to conduct a biochemical and histopathological investigation of the effects of carvacrol against the possible oxidative skin damage caused by bevacizumab in rats.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 18 adult male Wistar albino rats were randomly assigned to three groups as healthy (H group; <i>n</i> = 6), bevacizumab alone (B group; <i>n</i> = 6), and carvacrol + bevacizumab (CB group; <i>n</i> = 6). Carvacrol was injected intraperitoneally (IP) at a dose of 50 mg/kg in the CB group. Sterile salt solution (0.9% NaCl) was used as a solvent for the H and B groups. One hour after the administration of carvacrol and solvent, bevacizumab at a dose of 10 mg/kg IP was administered to the CB and B groups. Bevacizumab was given once daily for a total of two doses, 15 days apart. Carvacrol was administered once daily for one month. After that period, all animals were sacrificed and their skin tissues removed. Malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPO), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), total oxidant status (TOS), and total antioxidant status (TAS) levels in rats' skin tissues were biochemically evaluated. The parameters were measured with spectrophotometric method by using a microplate reader (BioTek, Winooski, VT, USA). The skin tissues were also examined histopathologically by the pathologist (blind) for the study groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The MDA and TOS levels of the H and CB groups were significantly lower than the B group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The mean scores of the other biochemical levels (GSH, GPO, CAT, SOD, TAS) in the H group were significantly higher than in the B and CB groups. Pathological examination of H group was normal. In B group epidermal atrophy, abnormal keratin accumulation, degenerated hair follicles, edoema and inflammatory cells accumulation in the dermis were observed. In the CB group, these findings were significantly improved.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The positive effect of carvacrol against possible local oxidative skin damage due to bevacizumab in rats was demonstrated. In addition, more detailed studies are required to clarify the mechanism of the protective effect of carvacrol against bevacizumab-induced skin toxicity. The effect should be evaluated through further human studies, as well as studies using different doses of carvacrol.</p>","PeriodicalId":11023,"journal":{"name":"Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40362369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationships of pain-causing substances with dry skin and effects of zaltoprofen on alleviation of symptoms in arthritis model mice.","authors":"Kenji Goto,&nbsp;Keiichi Hiramoto,&nbsp;Kiyoko Maruyama,&nbsp;Kazuya Ooi","doi":"10.1080/15569527.2022.2127749","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15569527.2022.2127749","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Purpose:</b> Skin dryness is a symptom of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, the mechanisms through which dry skin is induced in RA are unclear. Accordingly, in this study, we characterized substances related to pruritus and pain and then evaluated whether oral administration of zaltoprofen (ZLT) alleviated the symptom of dry skin induced by RA in model mice.<b>Material and Methods:</b> DBA/1JJmsSlc collagen-induced arthritis model mice were treated with ZLT, and transepidermal water loss (TEWL), capacitance, and inflammation-, pruritus-, and pain-related markers were assessed.<b>Results:</b> Our findings demonstrated that arthritis model mice treated with ZLT exhibited suppression of increases in TEWL and decreases in capacitance. Furthermore, ZLT also blocked the increase in mast cell numbers, substance P expression, and cyclo-oxygenase-2 expression in the skin and prevented enhancement of plasma levels of thymic stromal lymphopoietin, tumour necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, histamine, and bradykinin. No changes in plasma levels of corticosterone or reactive oxygen species or skin levels of glucocorticoid receptor were observed in ZLT-treated arthritis model mice.<b>Conclusions:</b> Overall, these findings suggested that patients with RA may benefit from biopharmacy to alleviate joint symptoms and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for pain relief and alleviation of skin symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":11023,"journal":{"name":"Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40377676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}