Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology最新文献

{"title":"Green approach for the synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles and their enhanced sun protection factor in the presence of octocrylene.","authors":"M Pasupathi, S Moscow, B Natarajan, T Kumar","doi":"10.1080/15569527.2025.2502422","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15569527.2025.2502422","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/purpose: </strong>This research project aims to create and test an eco-friendly method for producing zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) using herbal extracts. The goal is to study how these nanoparticles can boost the Sun Protection Factor (SPF) of sunscreens when used along with the synthetic UV filter octocrylene.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To make the ZnO NPs extracts from green tea, Bhringraj, Licorice and Cinnamon were used. These nanoparticles were analyzed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Sunscreen compositions were formulated as oil in water emulsions with or without octocrylene incorporating the ZnO NPs. Stability tests were carried out to monitor pH levels, colour and viscosity over the eight weeks at 45°C. The Sun Protection Factor study was done in vitro using a UV spectrophotometer.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that formulations containing both ZnO NPs and octocrylene had SPF levels compared to using octocrylene or ZnO NPs alone. Around 1.4 to 1.65 times higher than octocrylene alone and 3.7 to 4.5 times higher than ZnO NPs alone. The stability study demonstrated changes in pH, viscosity and colour during storage. Conclusion: In conclusion eco-friendly production of ZnO NPs utilizing herbal extracts presents a sustainable alternative to traditional methods. When combined with octocrylene these nanoparticles significantly enhance the SPF of products.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In conclusion eco-friendly production of ZnO NPs utilizing herbal extracts presents a sustainable alternative to traditional methods. When combined with octocrylene these nanoparticles significantly enhance the SPF of products.This study introduces an eco-friendly approach, to creating high SPF sunscreens focusing on sustainability and addressing safety and environmental issues in sun care products. The rising demand for sunscreens has triggered the exploration of innovative methods for producing zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) that go beyond traditional chemical processes. The research exhibits a synthesis method for ZnO NPs using herbal extracts from green tea leaves, Bhringraj leaves, Liquorice roots and Cinnamon bark avoiding the use of harmful precursors. The results display dispersed ZnO NPs with an average size of 100 nm. Furthermore, the study investigates how these green synthesized ZnO NPs interact with the synthetic UV filter octocrylene to potentially enhance SPF in sunscreen formulations. By combining these components, the study shows an increase in SPF compared to using them individually.This study adds to the knowledge of how green synthesized ZnO NPs enhance efficacy of sunscreen products. This study also introduces an innovative approach, for creating eco-friendly effective sunscreens that could revolutionize sun protection methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":11023,"journal":{"name":"Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology","volume":" ","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144076484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Defined approaches to predict GHS and EPA classifications for ocular irritation potential of agrochemical formulations.","authors":"Amber B Daniel, Anna J van der Zalm, Hans A Raabe, Amy J Clippinger, Neepa Y Choksi, Emily N Reinke, David G Allen, Nicole C Kleinstreuer","doi":"10.1080/15569527.2025.2499552","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15569527.2025.2499552","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Regulations require that agrochemicals be labeled to indicate potential harmful effects caused by exposure. The in vivo Draize rabbit eye test has historically been the standard method used to assess the eye irritation or corrosion potential of chemical substances. However, as scientific confidence has been established for certain in chemico, in vitro, and ex vivo methods developed for this purpose, regulators are increasingly accepting data from such methods in lieu of the in vivo test. Defined approaches (DAs) may also be used to derive hazard and potency predictions by applying fixed data interpretation procedures to results from multiple methods, thereby leveraging strengths of different methods. Currently, the DAs accepted by regulators to predict eye irritation or corrosion potential do not specifically list agrochemical formulations within their applicability domains.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To address this gap, we conducted testing to confirm the applicability of in vitro methods to agrochemical formulations and to develop DAs to predict eye irritation hazard labeling according to the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labeling (GHS) and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) classification system. Twenty-nine formulations were tested in up to four methods: bovine corneal opacity and permeability (BCOP; OECD TG 437) including histopathology, EpiOcular Eye Irritation Test (EO; OECD TG 492), SkinEthic time-to-toxicity for liquids (TTL; OECD TG 492B), and EyeIRR-IS. We propose four DAs comprising BCOP with histopathology alone, and combined with EO, TTL, or EyeIRR-IS.</p><p><strong>Results and conclusion: </strong>Instead of evaluating direct concordance of the four individual DAs with historical in vivo rabbit eye test data, for each formulation, we assessed orthogonal concordance of GHS and EPA classifications predicted across all five approaches. Predictions were considered orthogonally concordant when they aligned with the prediction of at least two other approaches (i.e. a majority, or at least 3 of the 5 approaches, achieved the same prediction), referred to as the 'majority prediction.' We also evaluated hazard labeling and PPE labeling associated with the GHS and EPA predictions, respectively. Relative to the hazard and PPE labeling associated with the majority predictions, each of the four DAs were as, or more, protective of human health than the rabbit test; hence, we conclude that these DAs can be used to predict the GHS and EPA classifications of agrochemical formulations.</p>","PeriodicalId":11023,"journal":{"name":"Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology","volume":" ","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144076474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutic effect of systemic use of glatiramer acetate in imiquimod-induced mouse psoriasis model.","authors":"Goknur Demiran, Rukiye Yasak Guner, Mustafa Ozkara, Mustafa Tosun, Melih Akyol","doi":"10.1080/15569527.2025.2496638","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15569527.2025.2496638","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The aim of this study is to evaluate the therapeutic potential of systemic glatiramer acetate (GA), a drug used in the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS), in an imiquimod-induced psoriasis mouse model, given the common immunopathogenic mechanisms between the two diseases.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Fifty-four adult female BALB/c mice (16-18 weeks old) were divided into nine groups (6 mice each). A psoriasis-like model was induced in eight groups by application of 5% imiquimod cream for seven days. Systemic treatments included methotrexate (2 mg/kg/week), saline (1 mL/kg/day) and GA at doses ranging from 50 to 100 mcg, administered subcutaneously either during or after the induction phase. Clinical severity was assessed using the modified Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (mPASI), while histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses were performed to assess inflammation and cytokine expression, focusing on TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-17.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The highest mPASI scores were observed in the untreated psoriasis group, whereas the healthy control and mice treated with 50 mcg GA, especially after induction, showed the lowest scores. Statistically significant improvements in histopathological scores were observed (p < 0.05). GA treatment at 50 mcg resulted in the most favourable cytokine profile, with TNF-α and IL-17 levels comparable to the healthy group and a similar trend observed for IL-1β expression.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Among the doses tested, 50 mcg GA administered after model induction was the most effective in reducing clinical severity and inflammatory cytokine expression. These findings suggest that GA is a promising systemic therapeutic agent for psoriasis.</p>","PeriodicalId":11023,"journal":{"name":"Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143976766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In vitro assessment of portable, domestic UV-C disinfection devices' effects on skin fibroblasts.","authors":"Eleni Kardamila, Chara Almpani, Andreas Vitsos, Dimitra Ieronymaki, Aspasia Petri, Michail Ch Rallis","doi":"10.1080/15569527.2025.2502426","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15569527.2025.2502426","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Portable UV-C disinfection devices for domestic use have been widely commercially available since COVID-19 pandemic. Concerns regarding their safety have been expressed, while there is a lack of actual data regarding the health effects of commercial hand-held UV-C disinfection devices. Herein, the acute effects of two commercial UV-C devices for domestic disinfection are evaluated in vitro, under realistic exposure conditions.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Skin cells were exposed to an LP-Hg wand and an LED disinfection device for 10s, 30s, 5, 10 and 15 min. The devices measured the erythema effective irradiance was 5 W m^-2. Cellular viability, oxidative stress, protein oxidation and lipid peroxidation were evaluated right after irradiation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A dose-dependent cellular viability decrease and oxidative stress, protein oxidation and lipid peroxidation increase were demonstrated, while the LP-Hg wand seemed to induce more severe effects than the LED. Lipid peroxidation has been shown to be the dominant photooxidation mechanism, even at a sublethal radiant exposure.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results provide evidence regarding the cutaneous photodamaging effects of commercially available UV-C disinfection devices for domestic use at the cellular level, contributing to the UV-C disinfection devices' risk management.</p>","PeriodicalId":11023,"journal":{"name":"Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143973383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of oral supplementation of carvacrol on autophagy and epithelial to mesenchymal transition regulation in UV-induced skin damage.","authors":"Ozge Alvur, Halil Ozkol, Fikret Altındag, Hatice Uce Ozkol, Gulsah Evyapan, Sakine Akar","doi":"10.1080/15569527.2025.2496636","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15569527.2025.2496636","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The skin is the biggest organ of the body being most exposed to UV radiation (UVR). Many skin diseases may develop due to UV exposure. Thus, it is extremely important to reveal molecules that can prevent these diseases.</p><p><strong>Material and method: </strong>Carvacrol (CVC), a liquid phenolic monoterpenoid is found in thyme and some plants related to thyme. In our study, for the first time in the literature we aimed to determine the effects of CVC on autophagy and Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) mechanisms in skin damage of rats exposed to combined UVA and UVB radiation. For this purpose, twenty-eight rats were divided into four groups: I (Control), II (CVC alone), III (UVA + UVB), IV (UVA + UVB + CVC). While UVA + UVB was applied without any treatment in Group III, this application was performed with CVC support in Group IV. As for the animals in Group II, only carvacrol was given. On the 30th day of the trial, expression of certain genes playing a role in autophagy and EMT pathways were evaluated at mRNA and protein level by qRT-PCR and immunohistochemical staining in the shaved back skin tissues of rats.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Based on our results, it can be concluded that CVC may prevent autophagic cell death by suppressing autophagy and it might support the wound healing process by inducing EMT in UV-induced skin damage. The molecular mechanisms of the effect of CVC on autophagy and EMT mechanisms should be clarified in further studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":11023,"journal":{"name":"Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143967999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LncRNA SNHG1/miR-320b/CTNNB1 axis regulating the collective migration of fibroblasts in the formation of keloid.","authors":"Qiaoling Li, Bowei Zhang, Jie Lu, Anqi Li, Qingbiao Wa","doi":"10.1080/15569527.2025.2496634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15569527.2025.2496634","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To explore the regulatory molecular mechanism of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) small nucleolar RNA host gene 1 (SNHG1) expression on keloid formation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The expression differences of SNHG1, miR-320b, and Catenin Beta 1 (CTNNB1) in keloid tissue and normal skin tissue of patients with keloid were detected. Normal cultured human fibroblasts were used as the Blank group (Blank) and then transfected with si-SNHG1 to silence SNHG1 expression. MTT assay, Transwell chamber assay, RT-qPCR, and Western blot (WB) were used. SNHG1 and miR-320b, as well as miR-320b and CTNNB1, were found to be targeted using the dual luciferase reporter gene (DLRG) strategy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>As against normal skin tissue, SNHG1 and CTNNB1 were increased, while miR-320b was decreased in keloid tissue (<i>P <</i> 0.05). As against the Blank, there was a drop in the number of transferring and attacking cells, a decrease in the proliferative activity, an increase in the expression of miR-320b, a decrease in CTNNB1, and the relative expression (RE) of Pro-Collagen I, Cyclin D1, VEGF, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), matrix metallopeptidase-2 (MMP-2), and MMP-9 was decreased in the si-SNHG1 group (AG) (<i>P <</i> 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SNHG1 could target and regulate miR-320b, and miR-320b could target and regulate CTNNB1. Fibroblast transfer, attack, and multiplication may all be prevented by reducing SNHG1 expression.</p>","PeriodicalId":11023,"journal":{"name":"Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143985980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative evaluation of chitligsan nanosuspension gel and spray for enhancing full-thickness wound healing in a rat model.","authors":"Taner Arslan, Sıtkıcan Okur, Esra Modoğlu, Ayşe Gölgeli Bedir, Emrah Özakar, Serkan Yıldırım, İsmail Bolat, Yasemin Akçora","doi":"10.1080/15569527.2025.2496639","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15569527.2025.2496639","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction:</b> This study explores the wound healing potential of Chitligsan (CHG), a novel formulation derived from the enzymatic and fossil-based components of Sahara soil, in nanosuspension-based gel and spray forms. Using a full-thickness wound model in Wistar rats, CHG's efficacy was compared with saline (control) and terramycin treatments.</p><p><p><b>Methods:</b> A total of 48 rats were divided into four groups: Control (saline), Spray (CHG spray), Gel (CHG gel), and Terramycin pomad. Wound areas were measured at days 3, 7, 14, and 21.</p><p><p><b>Results:</b> By day 21, CHG spray reduced wound size to 0.08 ± 0.01 cm², while the gel achieved 0.09 ± 0.01 cm², outperforming both control (0.34 ± 0.02 cm²) and terramycin (0.14 ± 0.05 cm², <i>p</i> < 0.05). Histopathological analysis demonstrated superior epithelial regeneration, dense collagenization, and minimal inflammation in CHG-treated groups compared to others. The nanoscale size of CHG particles (89.6 ± 0.26 nm) and their stable zeta potential (-26.1 ± 1.5 mV) contributed to enhanced bioavailability and wound healing efficiency. Morphological and FTIR analyses confirmed the stability and compatibility of the nanosuspension.</p><p><p><b>Conclusions:</b> This study highlights CHG's potential as a biocompatible and effective wound care solution, offering significant advantages in granulation tissue formation and keratinization compared to conventional treatments.</p>","PeriodicalId":11023,"journal":{"name":"Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143985965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on central corneal thickness and anterior segment parameters.","authors":"Doğukan Cömerter, Yavuz Aslan, Elçin Kalalı Issı, Melike Sarıdoğan, Taha Baysal, Ceylan Uslu Doğan","doi":"10.1080/15569527.2025.2496640","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15569527.2025.2496640","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) is a treatment modality commonly used for various medical conditions, such as diabetic foot ulcers and sudden hearing loss. This study aims to evaluate HBOT's effects on central corneal thickness (CCT) and other corneal topographic parameters through comprehensive ophthalmic assessment.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Detailed ophthalmologic examinations and corneal topography measurements were performed on 92 patients with various non-ophthalmologic diseases, both before and immediately after undergoing HBOT. Corneal topography was measured before and after the therapy. The recorded parameters included central corneal thickness, anterior chamber depth, anterior chamber volume, and corneal volume. The patients were also categorised into two groups: diabetic (<i>n</i> = 22) and non-diabetic (<i>n</i> = 70).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Following treatment, statistically significant reductions were observed in CCT (529.69 ± 31.7 μm vs. 526.63 ± 33 μm, <i>p</i> = 0.002) and corneal volume (58.63 ± 3.71 mm³ vs. 58.21 ± 3.58 mm³, <i>p</i> = 0.016). Conversely, anterior chamber volume significantly increased (124.38 ± 30 mm³ vs. 126.42 ± 30.7 mm³, <i>p</i> = 0.003). Comparative analysis between diabetic and non-diabetic groups revealed no substantial differences in CCT and corneal volume changes following HBOT. However, the diabetic group exhibited significantly lower baseline anterior chamber volume before treatment (<i>p</i> = 0.01 and <i>p</i> = 0.042).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>HBOT administration resulted in measurable reductions in CCT and corneal volume, along with an increase in anterior chamber volume, in all treated eyes. The observed decrease in corneal thickness manifested less prominently in diabetic patients compared to their non-diabetic counterparts, suggesting potential metabolic influences on corneal response to hyperoxic conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":11023,"journal":{"name":"Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology","volume":" ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143958179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dermal irritancy assessment of microbial toxins and pesticidal contaminants found in recreational water using two- and three-dimensional human skin models.","authors":"Michael F Hughes, David G Ross, Jane Ellen Simmons","doi":"10.1080/15569527.2025.2485137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15569527.2025.2485137","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Dermal exposure to freshwaters contaminated with pesticides and microbial toxins may result in toxicity. This study assessed the in vitro dermal irritancy of selected pesticides and microbial toxins using two- (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) human skin models.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The 2D model was normal human keratinocytes. The 3D model was EpiDerm, derived from normal human keratinocytes that forms a multi-layered differentiated human epidermal model. Pesticides included dimethipin, α-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexachlorocylohexane, oxyfluorfen, permethrin, profenofos, and tribufos. Toxins included cylindrospermopsin and microcystin-LA, -LR, and -RR. Exposure to contaminants was either 1 or 24 h. Viability was assessed by the MTT assay. Results were determined relative to negative control.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant effects in viability were observed in both models and time points. The greatest significant decrease in viability in the 2D model was tribufos at 1 h (23%) and cylindrospermopsin (37%) at 24 h. In the 3D model, the greatest significant decrease was microcystin-LA (16%) at 1 h and microcystin-RR (32%) at 24 h.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Several microbial toxins and pesticides were cytotoxic in both models and time points. However, no contaminant tested in the 3D model for 1 h was > 50% cytotoxic, which would categorize a chemical as a dermal irritant (Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development Test Guideline 439 for skin irritation). The 24 h exposure time point had a greater number of cytotoxic contaminants in both models, particularly the 2D model. Screening potential irritants in the 2D model for 24 h may prioritize chemicals for further assessment in the 3D model.</p>","PeriodicalId":11023,"journal":{"name":"Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143771823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Calendula officinalis</i> extract enhances wound healing by promoting fibroblast activity and reducing inflammation in mice.","authors":"Yalcin Alper Ozturan, Ibrahim Akin","doi":"10.1080/15569527.2025.2485129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15569527.2025.2485129","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Despite evidence supporting the therapeutic potential of <i>Calendula officinalis</i>, well-designed and controlled studies are still needed to confirm its beneficial effects on various health conditions, including skin care. This study therefore evaluates the effectiveness of topically administered 5% aqueous <i>Calendula officinalis</i> extract on healing full-thickness skin wounds in male BALB/c mice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Seventy-two mice were divided into three groups: CAL (treated with calendula extract), PSS (treated with physiological saline), and NC (negative control/no treatment). Wound healing was assessed over 14 days using planimetric measurements, counting fibroblasts and macrophages, biochemical analyses of growth factors, inflammation markers, hydroxyproline levels, and genomic analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The data obtained show that the application of CAL extract significantly reduces wound areas by day 7 compared to the NC and PSS groups. CAL extract also leads to an increase in fibroblasts, fibroblast growth factor, and hydroxyproline levels, while it reduces macrophages and inflammatory biomarkers levels in the healing wound. Genomic analyses indicate that topical application of CAL extract significantly reduces the expression of inflammatory biomarkers, including matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings show that 5% aqueous CAL extract enhances wound healing promising new insights for the effective topical treatment of skin wounds.</p>","PeriodicalId":11023,"journal":{"name":"Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143771803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}