Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology最新文献

{"title":"Choroidal structural changes in inactive thyroid eye disease: a cross-sectional analysis of the choroidal vascularity index.","authors":"Serhat Ermiş, Ece Özal, Fatma Savur, Murat Karapapak","doi":"10.1080/15569527.2024.2412138","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15569527.2024.2412138","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>In this study, we aimed to compare choroidal vascular changes using the Choroidal Vascularity Index (CVI) between patients with inactive Thyroid Eye Disease (iTED) and healthy individuals, and to assess the relationship between CVI and choroidal thickness (CT), smoking history, and clinical parameters.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this cross-sectional observational study, the eyes of 30 patients aged 18 to 45 with iTED were compared with the randomly selected eyes of 35 age and gender-matched healthy control individuals. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) scans were taken from all participants. The images were binarized using the ImageJ software, and the total choroidal area (TCA) and luminal area (LA) were measured. The ratio of the LA to the TCA was used to calculate the CVI. The relationships between these measurement parameters and clinical activity score (CAS), exophthalmometry, smoking status, and other clinical parameters were examined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the iTED group, CT and CVI values were significantly higher compared to the control group (p < 0.001, p = 0.029). No significant effect of smoking on choroidal parameters was detected in the iTED group. Additionally, there was no statistical correlation between choroidal parameters and either exophthalmometry or CAS (p > 0.05). In the multivariate regression analysis, it was determined that CT showed a significant relationship with thyroid stimulating immunoglobulin (TSI) (p = 0.003).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study found that CT and CVI were increased in the eyes of patients with iTED compared to healthy controls. The history of smoking did not appear to have any effect on CT and CVI in iTED patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":11023,"journal":{"name":"Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology","volume":" ","pages":"356-362"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142460098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Independent risk factor of drug eruption in immune checkpoint inhibitors treated liver cancer patients: high systemic immune-inflammation index.","authors":"Hong Yiyong, Huang Ying, Li Xiaodie, Zhu Lin, Zheng Yue, Gong Zijian","doi":"10.1080/15569527.2024.2387597","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15569527.2024.2387597","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The clinical application of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has significantly improved the prognosis of liver cancer patients. However, drug eruption associated with ICI monotherapy or combination therapy not only impacts the quality of life and treatment progress of liver cancer patients but also poses a potential threat to their lives. The study aims to investigate the risk factors of drug eruption in liver cancer patients undergoing ICIs in real-world settings.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively collected data from liver cancer patients who underwent ICI therapies at the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University between 2021 and 2022. A propensity score matching (PSM) method was employed to match 31 liver cancer patients with ICI-related drug eruption (drug eruption group) to 228 liver cancer patients without immune-related adverse reactions (control group) in a 1:2 ratio, creating two groups of patients with comparable baseline characteristics. Subsequently, logistic regression analysis was then conducted to analyze the clinical risk factors associated with drug eruption caused by ICIs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Before PSM, there were statistically significant differences between the drug eruption group (31 cases) and the control group (228 cases) in two variables: Child-Pugh liver function classification and presence of vascular invasion (both <i>p</i> < 0.05). However, after PSM, no statistically significant differences were found in the clinical variables between the drug eruption group (28 cases) and the control group (52 cases). Univariate analysis revealed significantly higher levels of aspartate amino-transferase, alanine aminotransferase, glutamyl transpeptidase, and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) and a significantly lower rate of liver cancer resection surgery before immunotherapy in liver cancer patients with drug eruption compared to the control group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Multivariate analysis indicated that an elevated SII level before immunotherapy was significantly associated with the occurrence of drug eruption in liver cancer patients treated with ICIs (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The predictive performance of SII before immunotherapy in liver cancer patients for ICI-related drug eruption yielded an area under the receiver operator characteristic curve of 0.852, with a critical value of 749.189. Sensitivity and specificity were determined as 85.7% and 75%, respectively (<i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Elevated systemic immune-inflammation index is identified as a risk factor for drug eruption occurrence in liver cancer patients treated with ICI therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":11023,"journal":{"name":"Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology","volume":" ","pages":"258-263"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142046450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of electronic cigarette smoking on retinal nerve fiber layer, ganglion cell layer, inner plexiform layer, and choroidal thickness.","authors":"Dharshini Balasubaramaniam, Yi Wen Lim, Shamala Retnasabapathy, Fazilawati A Qamarruddin, Sujaya Singh","doi":"10.1080/15569527.2024.2423265","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15569527.2024.2423265","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To compare the thickness of the retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL), ganglion cell layer (GCL), inner plexiform layer (IPL), and choroid in healthy electronic cigarette smokers and non-smokers using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT).</p><p><strong>Material and method: </strong>25 healthy electronic cigarette smokers and 25 age- and gender-matched healthy non-smokers were included in the study. RNFL, GCL, IPL and choroidal thickness were measured by SD-OCT using an automated programme. After normality tests, an independent sample <i>t</i>-test was used to analyse the differences in RNFL, GCL, IPL, and choroidal thickness values between the groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of electronic cigarette smokers and non-smokers was 33.68 and 33.64 years, respectively. The mean smoking history was 6.6 years (range 5-8 years). Most of the participants smoked 2-5 ml of e-liquid per day (52%), while 36% smoked more than 5 ml and 12% smoked less than 2 ml per day. The mean intraocular pressure in the electronic cigarette smoker group was 15.0 mmHg, while the non-smoker group was 15.32 mmHg. The mean axial length in the electronic cigarette smoker group and non-smoker group was 23.36 and 23.63 mm, respectively. No significant difference was observed regarding RNFL, GCL, IPL or choroidal thickness between both groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The thickness of the RNFL, GCL, IPL, and choroid was found to be similar in both the healthy electronic cigarette smokers and non-smokers groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":11023,"journal":{"name":"Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology","volume":" ","pages":"390-395"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142575102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selective cytotoxicity of standardised n-hexane extract of black soldier flies' larvae on cancerous skin cells mitochondria isolated from rat model of melanoma.","authors":"Yalda Arast, Mahya Sabbaghi, Farzane Kamranfar, Fatemeh Heidari, Seyed Mojtaba Fazli Nejad, Tahereh Hosseinabadi, Jalal Pourahmad","doi":"10.1080/15569527.2024.2389193","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15569527.2024.2389193","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Melanoma is known as a highly lethal cancer. In melanoma cells, apoptosis signalling which relies heavily on the acute activity of mitochondria and reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation is suppressed. Our previous studies on natural compounds on melanoma suggested that mitochondria are a potential target for the melanoma treatment by selective cytotoxic effect of them. The black soldier fly is an important environmental protectant insect that based on recent studies induces apoptosis in liver and colorectal carcinoma cells through the activation of caspase 3, 8, and 9 and ultimately inhibits the growth of cancer cells.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study was designed to evaluate the selective apoptotic effect of the n-hexane BSFL extract (BSFLE) on skin mitochondria.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The mitochondria isolated from melanoma cells were treated with various concentrations (1500, 3000, and 6000 µg/ml) of n-hexane BSFLE Then MTT viability assay, ROS determination, Mitochondrial Membrane Potential (MMP), mitochondrial swelling, cytochrome c release determination, and % apoptosis were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>MTT assay showed that different concentrations of n-hexane BSFLE significantly (<i>P</i> < 0.05) decreased the SDH activity in cancerous skin mitochondria with the IC50. The ROS production and mitochondrial swelling results also showed that all concentrations of BSFL extracts significantly increased. MMP decline and the release of cytochrome c in cancer groups mitochondria. BSFLE increased apoptosis on melanoma cells.</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusion: </strong>It is suggested that n-hexane BSFLE compounds selectively induce a cascade of proapoptotic events that are probably defective in cancer cells. Most of these compounds target the mitochondrial transient pore caused by disruption of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. These events lead to disruption of the temporary permeability of mitochondria, swelling of mitochondria and finally the formation of apoptosome in the cytosol.</p>","PeriodicalId":11023,"journal":{"name":"Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology","volume":" ","pages":"264-271"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141901217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction.","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/15569527.2024.2428898","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15569527.2024.2428898","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11023,"journal":{"name":"Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology","volume":" ","pages":"417"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142675341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of adalimumab treatment on inflammatory and hematological parameters in patients with Hidradenitis suppurativa.","authors":"Kadir Kaya, Özlem Gevher","doi":"10.1080/15569527.2024.2387595","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15569527.2024.2387595","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS), a chronic inflammatory disease that typically manifests after puberty, is characterised by painful nodules, abscesses, draining sinus tracts, and scars in areas rich in apocrine glands such as the axillary and inguinal regions. In recent years, blood-based biomarkers such as the Neutrophil/Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), Platelet/Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR), Monocyte/Lymphocyte Ratio (MLR), Mean Platelet Volume (MPV), Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII) and Pan-Immune-Inflammation Value (PIV) have been used as significant indicators of systemic inflammation. While there are few studies evaluating these biomarkers in HS, the response of these markers to treatment has only been assessed in one study to date. Our study aims to investigate the effect of adalimumab treatment on blood-based systemic inflammation biomarkers in HS, where inflammation plays a significant role.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included 42 adult patients who received adalimumab treatment at our dermatology and venereology clinic between January 2020 and January 2023. Medical records for complete blood count results of the patients were retrospectively reviewed. All systemic inflammation-based biomarkers were calculated from the absolute values of the complete blood count. The SII was calculated with the following formula: (neutrophil count × platelet count/lymphocyte count). The PIV was calculated as follows: (neutrophil count × platelet count × monocyte count/lymphocyte count). Values before the treatment and at the 12th week of treatment were compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>When the changes in the inflammatory parameters of the patients were examined, it was found that NLR (2.13 ± 0.87 vs 2.26 ± 1.12), PLR (111.01 ± 39.89 vs 99.43 ± 35.34), MLR (0.27 ± 0.11 vs 0.28 ± 0.12), MPV (9.59 ± 0.71 vs 9.70 ± 0.79), SII (680.79 ± 330.18 vs 687.89 ± 442.66), and PIV (552.02 ± 330.71 vs 605.05 ± 415.96) values did not change statistically significantly after treatment (p > 0.05). While there was a significant decrease in platelet count compared to before treatment, no statistically significant difference was found in the other evaluated blood cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Adalimumab treatment has not had a significant effect on systemic inflammation markers in HS, an inflammatory disease. More studies are needed to evaluate the effect of adalimumab on these markers in HS.</p>","PeriodicalId":11023,"journal":{"name":"Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology","volume":" ","pages":"253-257"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141893080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction.","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/15569527.2024.2428043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15569527.2024.2428043","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11023,"journal":{"name":"Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology","volume":"43 4","pages":"416"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142767333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intravitreal chlorhexidine for sterilizing the vitreous cavity in an animal model of bacterial endophthalmitis.","authors":"Ahmet M Hondur, Qun Zeng, Yucel Ucgul, Idil Arioz, Elif Ayca Sahin, Gamze Gizem Erayman, Ayse B Tekinay, Kayhan Caglar, Nalan Akyurek, Tongalp H Tezel","doi":"10.1080/15569527.2024.2402410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15569527.2024.2402410","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the efficacy and safety of intravitreal chlorhexidine (CHX) for sterilising the vitreous cavity in bacterial endophthalmitis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>For in-vitro experiments, full-thickness retina explants were harvested from freshly enucleated pig eyes. Six-millimeter circular sensory retina patches were then incubated in varying concentrations of CHX (0.625-800 µg/mL) for 24 hours. Retinal cell viability was determined at the end of the incubation period with a live-dead assay. The bactericidal effects of the tested CHX concentrations were determined using a quantitative suspension test on <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis</i>. The safety of CHX was also tested by injecting varying doses of CHX (50-400 µg/mL) into the vitreous cavity of albino rabbits followed by flash electroretinography (ERG) and light microscopy. The bactericidal effect of the non-toxic CHX doses was determined using the rabbit model of endophthalmitis created by injecting 3000 CFU/0.1 mL of <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis.</i></p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In vitro concentrations of CHX greater than 6.25 µgr/mL exerted a bactericidal effect, while concentrations of CHX less than 200 µg/mL did not impair retinal cell viability. Intravitreal concentrations of CHX between 20-100 µg/mL were adequate to sterilise the infected rabbit vitreous cavity in the animal model. No significant functional or anatomical deleterious effect was observed with ERG or light microscopy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CHX can sterilise the vitreous cavity in an animal model of bacterial endophthalmitis without impairing retinal cell viability. Our results encourage further research for clinical use of chlorhexidine in treatment of bacterial endophthalmitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":11023,"journal":{"name":"Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology","volume":"43 4","pages":"299-304"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142767340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research on the damage and wound repair of cornea by GO and ZnO.","authors":"Hanzhu Zhao, Aiping Song, Liyan Wang, Xiaolu Hou, Dongmei Cui, Xiaotong Sun, Lingzhi Niu, Lin Jin, Haoyuan An, Wei Li","doi":"10.1080/15569527.2024.2387592","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15569527.2024.2387592","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The widespread use of nanoparticles in recent years has increased the risk of ocular exposure. zinc oxide (ZnO) is widely used in the field of cosmetics because of its unique chemical properties. The application of graphene oxide (GO) as an emerging nanomaterial in the field of eye drops is also gradually emerging. Currently, research on ZnO and GO eye exposure mainly focuses on application or toxicity to optic nerve cells. There's less study on corneal wound healing effects. and the previous research hasn't compared ZnO and GO corneal toxicity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We systematically established a complete chain study of in vitro and in vivo experiments and mouse corneal injury model, and comprehensively evaluated the ocular safety and toxicity of ZnO and GO.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found that 50 ug/mL GO and 0.5 ug/mL ZnO can reduce human corneal epithelial cells (HCEpiC) viability in a concentration-dependent manner. Short-term repeated exposure to ZnO can cause sterile inflammation of the cornea with concentration-dependence, while GO have not been significantly altered. 50 ug/mL ZnO could significantly delay the healing of corneal wounds, while GO did not change wound healing.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The toxic effect of ZnO is higher than that of GO. Inflammatory signal transduction, oxidative stress and apopnano zitosis are involved in the ocular toxicity injury process of nanoparticles. Research can provide a judgement basis for people's eye health and eye protection risk control.</p>","PeriodicalId":11023,"journal":{"name":"Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology","volume":" ","pages":"237-252"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141970840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corneal endothelial density and morphology in long-term soft contact lens users in Japan: a retrospective cross-sectional study of 17,732 eyes.","authors":"Takashi Ono, Tomoko Kaida, Shizuka Higashi, Yosai Mori, Ryohei Nejima, Takuya Iwasaki, Fumie Kagaya, Takashi Miyai, Kazunori Miyata","doi":"10.1080/15569527.2024.2408685","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15569527.2024.2408685","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>There is a lack of long-term and large-scale studies on the adverse effects of soft contact lenses (SCLs) on the corneal endothelia of Asian populations. Here, we aimed to examine the effects of long-term SCL use on corneal endothelial density and morphology.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This retrospective study involved consecutive patients at the Miyata Eye Hospital (Miyazaki, Japan), who had used SCLs for more than 1 year. Patients with ophthalmological disorders without refractive errors were excluded. The period of SCL use, SCL type, corneal endothelial cell density (ECD), appearance rate of hexagonal cells (HEX), and coefficient of variation of cells (CV) were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 17,732 eyes of 8866 patients were included in the analysis (age, 26.0 ± 8.8 years). The mean period of SCL use was 6.3 ± 5.4 years. Multivariate regression analysis revealed that ECD and HEX were significantly negatively correlated with the period of SCL use, age, and sex (<i>p</i> < 0.001 for all). The CV was significantly positively correlated with the period of use (<i>p</i> < 0.001), sex (<i>p</i> = 0.002), and age (<i>p</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Corneal ECD, HEX, and CV were significantly associated with the period of SCL use in long-term users. It is essential to regularly check the corneal endothelium in patients with a history of long-term SCL use.</p>","PeriodicalId":11023,"journal":{"name":"Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology","volume":" ","pages":"335-340"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142343345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}