Addiction最新文献

{"title":"Commentary on Lim et al.: Real-world e-cigarette use under prescription-only regulation.","authors":"Dimitra Kale, Sarah Jackson","doi":"10.1111/add.70355","DOIUrl":"10.1111/add.70355","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":109,"journal":{"name":"Addiction","volume":" ","pages":"1110-1111"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146123032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Generative AI tools and fabricated references.","authors":"Jamie Brown, John Marsden","doi":"10.1111/add.70379","DOIUrl":"10.1111/add.70379","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":109,"journal":{"name":"Addiction","volume":" ","pages":"1032"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147300367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysing police diversion for simple possession as a policy idea.","authors":"Alison Ritter, Paul Kelaita","doi":"10.1111/add.70300","DOIUrl":"10.1111/add.70300","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Extensive critique of the evidence-based policy paradigm has led to new ways of considering the role of evidence; for example Katherine Smith suggests that \"ideas\" rather than evidence mediate \"the relationship between research and policy\". In this paper, we used Smith's typology on \"ideas\" to explore how this can be applied to a case of Australian policy making: a police diversion scheme for simple possession of drugs. We aimed to analyse the idea's journey into policy in one Australian jurisdiction (New South Wales) and assess its fit with the four different types of ideas outlined by Smith.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Qualitative case study analysis using data from New South Wales, Australia, over the period 2018 to 2024. Multiple data sources were used: interviews with stakeholders (n = 26), documents [reports, non-governmental organization (NGO) advocacy documents], media and official reports of a Drug Summit. Each data source was searched for narration/text concerned with police diversion in addition to decriminalisation, extracted and analysed against Smith's typology.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Features of 'institutionalised ideas' suggest that police diversion is not an institutionalised idea. It appears in this case to be a 'chameleonic idea' inasmuch as its characteristics change and are malleably deployed by different stakeholders with different interests. 'Flexian policy actors' (including police, government officials, advocates and researchers) are able to interpret, transform and shape the meaning of police diversion to suit their interests and commitments. Despite evidence synthesis and expert review recommending police diversion as a second-best option to decriminalisation, it was taken up into policy. We suggest this is because of its chameleonic nature, serving simultaneously at the hands of different policy actors as a roadblock to decriminalisation and as a Trojan horse for decriminalisation reform whilst also obscuring tensions between police diversion and decriminalisation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Applying Katherine Smith's typology of ideas to an Australian police diversion scheme for simple possession of drugs shows that the scheme is not an institutionalised idea but rather a chameleonic idea. Smith's typology of ideas adds another layer to policy process frameworks, enhancing analysis seeking to understand the uptake of ideas into policy.</p>","PeriodicalId":109,"journal":{"name":"Addiction","volume":" ","pages":"1306-1315"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145888239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A cost-benefit analysis of the implementation and scale-up of harm reduction interventions in the Australian Capital Territory.","authors":"Anna L Bowring, Tom Tidhar, Anna Olsen, Christopher Bailie, Kelvin Burke, Rowan Martin-Hughes, Helen Keane, Paul Dietze, Nick Scott","doi":"10.1111/add.70276","DOIUrl":"10.1111/add.70276","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background and aims: &lt;/strong&gt;Harm reduction interventions aim to reduce negative consequences of drug use. We aimed to estimate the cost, health impact and economic benefits of current, expanded and new harm reduction interventions for people who use drugs in the Australian Capital Territory.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Design: &lt;/strong&gt;We conducted a cost-benefit analysis of existing and new harm reduction interventions in the Australian Capital Territory. Independent decision tree models captured health outcomes [opioid/non-opioid overdose; overdose-related deaths; injection-related skin/soft tissue/vascular infections (IRIs); hepatitis C incidence] for 2026-2030 according to intervention coverage.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Setting: &lt;/strong&gt;Australian Capital Territory, Australia.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Participants/cases: &lt;/strong&gt;People who use drugs through injecting (n = 1500) or non-injecting (n = 33 600) routes differentiated by drug class (opioid/non-opioid).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Interventions and comparator: &lt;/strong&gt;A baseline scenario (current intervention coverage maintained) was compared with a counterfactual no interventions scenario, as well as scenarios with interventions linearly scaled up to the assumed maximum proportion of the target population that could be reached given geographical, social and implementation constraints. Interventions included in the analysis were: drug consumption rooms, needle-syringe programs, take-home naloxone, opioid agonist treatment, safer opioid supply, drug checking services and technological interventions (i.e. overdose monitoring 'apps'/hotlines).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Measurements: &lt;/strong&gt;Economic benefits were estimated from health costs averted (emergency response; shorter hospitalisation for IRI; hepatitis C treatment) and societal costs from years of life lost. Benefit-cost ratios were calculated compared to the baseline. A sensitivity analysis considered a changed illicit drug market with increased probability of overdose and overdose-related death.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Findings: &lt;/strong&gt;Compared with no coverage, the current package of harm reduction interventions was estimated to cost $24.6 million over 2026-2030 and avert 454 (24%) opioid and 20 (0.2%) non-opioid overdoses, 70 (28%) overdose-related deaths, 215 (17%) emergency responses, 552 (117%) hepatitis C infections and 199 (9%) IRIs. This corresponds to $250.1 million in economic benefits [benefit-cost ratio = 10.1, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 7.9-12.4]. Benefit-cost ratios for scaling up take-home naloxone [16.4 (5.0-27.9)], opioid agonist treatment [10.2 (5.6-15.3)], technological interventions [3.5 (0.0-15.7)], drug consumption room/s using medialised [1.9 (0.6-3.9)] or nurse/peer-led model [2.7 (1.2-4.4)], safer opioid supply [1.5 (0.8-2.6)] and needle-syringe programs [1.4 (0.7-2.6)] were favourable. The benefit-cost ratio for drug checking was 0.3 (0.0-6.2) but increased to 14.0 (0.1-29.6) under changed drug market conditions.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/stron","PeriodicalId":109,"journal":{"name":"Addiction","volume":" ","pages":"1272-1289"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146058241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The feasibility of mindfulness-based relapse prevention for adults with substance use disorders (illicit drugs) in a Chinese population: A pilot randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Ka Tsun Ting, Ivan Chun Him Leung, Dicken Cheong Chun Chan, Ken On Tai Yu, Wai Kwong Tang, Fu Chan, Alan Ka Lam Tang, Helen Shuk Wah Ma, Benjamin Hon Kei Yip, Daisy Dexing Zhang, Sarah Bowen, Samuel Yeung Shan Wong","doi":"10.1111/add.70441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/add.70441","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Mindfulness-based relapse prevention (MBRP) has been shown to be beneficial to individuals with substance use disorder (SUD) in the West. The current pilot study aimed at testing the feasibility of MBRP in a Chinese population.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>This pilot study adopted a design of randomized controlled trial comparing MBRP with treatment-as-usual group (TAU).</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Participants were recruited from residential detox centers, community addiction counseling centers and substance abuse clinics specialized addiction treatment clinics in Hong Kong.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>A total of 81 adults (85.2% male) with SUD (illicit drugs only) were recruited.</p><p><strong>Interventions: </strong>The intervention group participants (n = 41) attended a 1-hour orientation session followed by 2-hour weekly MBRP sessions for 8 weeks, delivered by a qualified MBRP teacher. The TAU group participants (n = 40) continued their service received from their referral agency. (After completion of all study assessments they were offered the same 8-week MBRP course.) MEASUREMENTS: Feasibility was measured by attendance, course satisfaction and retention rate. Participants' change in substance use and other related outcomes were captured by self-reported drug use, urine drug tests and a list of psychometric scales at baseline, immediately after MBRP and 3- and 6-month follow-up.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>The MBRP course satisfaction was high, and the attendance (57.4%) and retention rates (63.4%-85.4%) were comparable to previous trials. No statistically significant differences were observed between the MBRP and TAU groups for any outcomes, including craving, depression, anxiety, mindfulness and health-related quality of life; however, improvement trends were noticed in the MBRP group in self-efficacy in managing high-risk situations at post intervention, as well as in addiction severity and psychological flexibility at the 6-month follow-up.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Mindfulness-based relapse prevention was shown to be feasible for substance use disorder treatment in a Chinese population. In this small study there was only limited evidence of abstinence efficacy, and no evidence of a benefit on other secondary outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":109,"journal":{"name":"Addiction","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147757945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Discrimination experiences are associated with same-day and next-day smoking among adults with low socio-economic status trying to quit: A secondary analysis of data from a randomized clinical trial.","authors":"Laili K Boozary, Meng Chen, Summer G Frank-Pearce, Emily T Hébert, Sixia Chen, Adam C Alexander, Motolani E Ogunsanya, Munjireen S Sifat, Jason A Oliver, Michael S Businelle, Darla E Kendzor","doi":"10.1111/add.70419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/add.70419","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Research indicates that experiencing discrimination may be associated with a return to smoking following a quit attempt. The current study aimed to characterize day-to-day relations between discrimination and smoking in the context of a smoking cessation trial for adults with socio-economic disadvantage.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Secondary analysis of data from a randomized controlled trial, which used a parallel 2-group design (unblinded). Eligible participants (adults with socio-economic disadvantage) were randomly assigned to usual care (UC) for smoking cessation (counseling and pharmacotherapy) or UC plus financial incentives contingent on biochemically verified abstinence. All participants were asked to complete daily smartphone assessments over the first 28 days following a scheduled quit attempt.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>The smoking cessation trial (parent study) was conducted in a tobacco treatment clinic between 2017 and 2022 in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Participants (n = 256) were primarily female (64.8%) and 40.6% were racially/ethnically minoritized. The average age was 48.97 [standard deviation (SD) = 11.61] years. The average cigarettes smoked per day before quitting was 19.00 (SD = 10.51).</p><p><strong>Measurements: </strong>Smartphone assessments measured discrimination [\"Do you believe you experienced discrimination yesterday?\" (yes/no)] and self-reported daily smoking [\"How many cigarettes did you smoke yesterday?\" (smoking [≥one puff]/abstinent)]. Biochemically verified past 7-day smoking status was assessed at the 4, 8, 12 and 26 week post-quit follow-ups. Generalized linear mixed models analyzed the relations between (1) same-day and next-day discrimination and abstinence and (2) reporting any discrimination during the smartphone assessment period (SAP) and biochemically verified abstinence at follow-ups.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>Overall, 62 participants (22.4%) reported 212 instances of discrimination over the SAP. Discrimination was statistically significantly associated with lower odds of same-day [β = 0.48, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.25-0.94] and next-day (β = 0.47, 95% CI = 0.25-0.86) abstinence, and any discrimination during the SAP was statistically significantly associated with lower odds of abstinence across follow-ups (β = 0.08, 95% CI = 0.02-0.30).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Experience of discrimination appears to adversely impact smoking cessation among adults with socio-economic disadvantage who are trying to quit smoking and warrants attention in cessation interventions.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>The parent trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02737566). The secondary analyses described in this manuscript were not pre-registered.</p>","PeriodicalId":109,"journal":{"name":"Addiction","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147757630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lower risk drinking guidelines and the 'no safe level' message: Finding a balance in risk communication.","authors":"Robyn Burton, James Nicholls","doi":"10.1111/add.70431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/add.70431","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":109,"journal":{"name":"Addiction","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147757903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age period cohort trends in alcohol treatment episodes across Australia from 2003 to 2022.","authors":"Wing See Yuen, Mia Miller, Nicola Man, Michael Livingston, Agata Chrzanowska, Philip Clare, Jane Akhurst, Louise Tierney, Kristina Da Silva, Parker Blakey, Willow Bryant, Gary Chan, Janni Leung, Amy Peacock","doi":"10.1111/add.70450","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/add.70450","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To measure trends in alcohol treatment episodes in Australia, disaggregated by age, period and birth cohort.</p><p><strong>Design and setting: </strong>Age, period, cohort modelling with restricted cubic splines, using Australian alcohol treatment administrative data from July 2002 to June 2022.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>1 253 548 closed treatment episodes where alcohol was the primary drug of concern from people aged 10 to 100 years who received treatment for their own substance use in publicly funded specialist alcohol and other drug treatment services.</p><p><strong>Measurements: </strong>Count of alcohol treatment episodes by age, period, birth cohort and sex.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>Alcohol treatment episode rates increased over time, peaking in 2022 (330.11 per 100 000 population). Age trends first peaked at around 21 years of age [cross-sectional prevalence = 444.30, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 440.82-447.80; longitudinal prevalence = 462.45, 95% CI = 458.06-466.89], followed by a lifetime peak between 37 and 44 years and declining with older age. Cohorts born from 1974 to 1979 had the highest alcohol treatment episode rates, and the oldest and youngest birth cohorts had the lowest alcohol treatment episode rates. Males were overall 1.8 times as likely as females to have an alcohol treatment episode, but this gap closed with more recent birth cohorts.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Alcohol treatment episode rates increased in Australia between 2003 and 2022, and particularly from 2017. Young to middle-aged adults and people born in the 1970s were most at risk, alongside a persistent but narrowing gap between males and females.</p>","PeriodicalId":109,"journal":{"name":"Addiction","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147757557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Context, mechanisms and outcomes of a social enterprise model of residential rehabilitation for problem substance use: A realist-informed process evaluation.","authors":"Martin Anderson, Lucy Pickering, Mark McCann","doi":"10.1111/add.70459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/add.70459","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>This study evaluated a three-year residential rehabilitation programme, which aimed to support recovery from problem substance use via peer support and social enterprise activities. The aims were to clarify programme mechanisms and identify contextual factors associated with variation in outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study took place within River Garden, a residential rehabilitation for problem substance use, based in South Ayrshire, Scotland. A mixed-methods realist-informed process evaluation was undertaken, using participant observation, repeated qualitative interviews and routinely collected admissions data. Fieldwork was conducted with residents, staff and trustees between April 2019 and November 2020. Nine (of ten) residents were recruited into the study. All residents were male, aged 20-47 years (median 35 years) and were White Scottish or English. Data collection and analysis was guided by Medical Research Council guidance on process evaluation and informed by selected principles from realist evaluation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three key contextual factors and six key mechanisms were associated with variation in resident outcomes. The severity of residents' substance use problems, their physical and mental health and their socioeconomic backgrounds shaped whether they responded to the programme's instrumental and relational resources with trust, respect or motivation (constituting six mechanisms, e.g. instrumental-respect, relational-trust). The programme was most beneficial for residents for whom intended outcomes were less constrained by contextual moderators.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In residential rehabilitation for substance use disorders, residents with higher problem severity, worse physical and mental health and greater socioeconomic disadvantage appear to be less likely to respond to rehabilitation resources with trust, respect or motivation compared with the other residents. These findings may support the development of strategies to improve outcomes for residents with greater contextual barriers to change.</p>","PeriodicalId":109,"journal":{"name":"Addiction","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147757645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"'If you've ever experienced it, you'd feel differently': Exploring willingness and skepticism toward using higher dose naloxone products among people who use drugs in Maryland, United States.","authors":"Laura N Sisson, Richard S Rousch, Lucas G Hill, Claire M Zagorski, Tricia Triece, Saba Rouhani, Jill Owczarzak, Susan G Sherman, Kristin E Schneider","doi":"10.1111/add.70447","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/add.70447","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Higher dose naloxone products (HDN) have recently been approved and marketed in the United States; however, evidence on the relative advantage of these products to standard 4 mg products has not been substantiated by prior research. People who use drugs are the primary beneficiaries and consumers of naloxone products. This study aimed to characterize their willingness to use HDN products and technical understanding of these products.</p><p><strong>Design and measurements: </strong>We conducted in-depth interviews with syringe service program clients following an interview guide. Interviews were recorded and transcribed before being analyzed using a hybrid deductive-inductive qualitative approach.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Interviews were conducted in partnership with community-based syringe service programs in three distinct regions of the state of Maryland, USA: a rural county, Baltimore city and a surrounding suburban community.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Twenty-two interviews were completed. All participants had used opioids and responded to an overdose using naloxone in the past 3 months. The majority of participants were men (73%), non-Hispanic white (64%) and currently experiencing housing instability (59%).</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>Participants demonstrated high willingness to use HDN, motivated by volatility in the local drug supply and perceived inefficiency of naloxone against potent synthetic opioids. Participants believed that the relative advantage of HDN was that it would reverse overdoses more quickly than existing products; however, many participants wanted increased control in overdose situations, including the ability to titrate and combine dosages to reduce the severity of precipitated withdrawal. Skepticism towards HDN products was rooted in general skepticism of pharmaceutical companies, as well as the belief that perceptions of lower dose naloxone being ineffective could be attributed to user error.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Development of novel overdose reversal products should be informed by the experiences of primary consumers and beneficiaries of these products. A high level of transparency is needed in the marketing of these products to promote consumer trust and confidence in their safety and utility.</p>","PeriodicalId":109,"journal":{"name":"Addiction","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147757693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}