Addiction最新文献

{"title":"Does increasing cigarette use stabilize mood? A real-time investigation spanning 6 years of adolescence and young adulthood.","authors":"Ashley D Kendall, Donald Hedeker, Kathleen R Diviak, Robin J Mermelstein","doi":"10.1111/add.70094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/add.70094","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>There is a longstanding assumption that cigarette smoking stabilizes mood. However, no studies have rigorously evaluated mood stability as people progress from occasional to regular use of tobacco cigarettes. This observational study thus tested two central questions: as smoking rates increase, (1) does the acute mood boost after smoking become more stable and (2) do background moods (i.e. mood levels outside of smoking) become more stable?</p><p><strong>Design, setting and participants: </strong>Observational study of a cohort of n = 255 youth enriched for current smoking (mean age at baseline = 15.63 years, 52% female, 67% non-Hispanic White) recruited from 16 high schools in or near Chicago, Illinois, USA. They participated in up to 6 waves of ecological momentary assessment (EMA) spanning 6 years of their adolescence and young adulthood. During each week-long EMA wave, youth self-initiated reports of mood levels immediately before and after smoking. They also reported on background mood levels in response to random prompts ~5 times/day.</p><p><strong>Measurements: </strong>Mixed-effects location scale (MELS) modeling tested the effects of within-person smoking rates on within-person variability in positive affect (PA) and negative affect (NA) levels modeled (1) from before to after smoking and (2) outside of smoking.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>As smoking rates increased, on average, variability decreased by approximately 15-20% in the heightened PA (P < 0.01) and diminished NA (P < 0.01) changes from before to after cigarette use. Gender moderated the associations between smoking rates and mood variability during background random, non-smoking times: as smoking rates increased among boys only, on average, variability in background PA (P < 0.01) and NA (P < 0.01) decreased by around 10%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>As youth progress from occasional to more frequent cigarette use, their immediate mood boost after smoking appears to become more stable. Among boys only, background moods outside of smoking also appear to stabilize.</p>","PeriodicalId":109,"journal":{"name":"Addiction","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144109186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term alcohol consumption and incident health risk conditions related to cardiometabolic risk markers: A 20-year prospective cohort study.","authors":"Sooyeun Choi, Taeyoung Park, Youjin Je","doi":"10.1111/add.70092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/add.70092","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Amid questions about a perceived association between low-to-moderate alcohol consumption and reduced cardiovascular risk from recent studies, research examining the impact of alcohol consumption on cardiometabolic risk markers has reported inconsistent results. We measured the association between long-term alcohol consumption and incident health risk conditions related to cardiometabolic risk markers.</p><p><strong>Design, setting and participants: </strong>A prospective cohort analysis was conducted using data from a population-based cohort (2001-2020) of 4708 Koreans aged 40-69 years who were free of chronic diseases, including metabolic syndrome, at baseline.</p><p><strong>Measurements: </strong>Alcohol consumption and incident cases related to cardiometabolic risk markers were assessed biennially using interviewer-administered questionnaires or health examinations. The average alcohol intake was calculated to reflect long-term consumption. Alcohol consumption was categorized as none or rarely (0-2 g/day), light (2 < -16 g/day, within guideline limits), medium (16 < -32 g/day) and heavy (>32 g/day).</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>After full adjustment for covariates, light, medium or heavy alcohol consumption was positively associated with metabolic syndrome [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.55, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.32-1.83], abdominal obesity (HR = 1.41, 95% CI = 1.17-1.70), hyperglycemia (HR = 1.91, 95% CI = 1.62-2.26), high blood pressure (HR = 2.04, 95% CI = 1.72-2.41) and hypertriglyceridemia (HR = 1.59, 95% CI = 1.30-1.93), with the results presented for heavy alcohol consumption only (p-values for trend <0.001 for all cases). By sex, positive associations between light alcohol intake and hyperglycemia and high blood pressure were observed only in women (p-values for interaction and p-values for trend <0.05 for all cases).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Long-term light (within guideline limits), medium or heavy alcohol consumption appears to be positively and linearly associated with incident health risk conditions related to cardiometabolic risk markers. The threshold dose of alcohol for developing hyperglycemia and high blood pressure appears to be lower in women.</p>","PeriodicalId":109,"journal":{"name":"Addiction","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144118385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gaming the algorithm: 'Content hijacking' in on-line gambling marketing.","authors":"Glen Dighton, Jamie Torrance, Philip Newall, Maira Andrade, Conor Heath","doi":"10.1111/add.70093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/add.70093","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":109,"journal":{"name":"Addiction","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144075188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association of modifiable and socio-demographic factors with first transitions from smoking to exclusive e-cigarette use, dual use or no nicotine use: Findings from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children United Kingdom birth cohort.","authors":"Alexandria Andrayas, Jon Heron, Jasmine Khouja, Hannah Jones, Marcus Munafò, Hannah Sallis, Lindsey Hines, Elinor Curnow","doi":"10.1111/add.70076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/add.70076","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>E-cigarettes can aid smoking cessation and reduce carcinogen exposure. Understanding differences in characteristics between young adults who quit smoking, with or without e-cigarettes, or dual use can help tailor interventions. The aim of this study was to describe first transitions from smoking and explore substance use, sociodemographic, and health characteristic associations with the probability of each possible first transition from smoking.</p><p><strong>Design and setting: </strong>Longitudinal birth cohort data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC), conducted in the United Kingdom.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>A total of 858 participants were included who reported tobacco smoking in the past month at age 21 during a questionnaire collected in 2013.</p><p><strong>Measurements: </strong>The first reported non-exclusive smoking event following smoking, observed approximately annually between ages 22 and 30, was categorized as either no nicotine use, exclusive e-cigarette use, or dual use. Discrete-time subdistribution hazard models were used to examine associations between different covariates, including substance use, sociodemographic, and health characteristics, with the probability of each first transition from smoking. Analyses were adjusted for early-life confounders and weighted to mitigate bias.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>Among participants, 52% stopped nicotine use, 27% reported dual use, and 9% used e-cigarettes exclusively. Smoking weekly or more (Subdistribution Hazard Ratio [SHR] = 0.28, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] = 0.22-0.35), having many friends who smoke (SHR = 0.64, 95% CI = 0.50-0.81), and lower education (SHR = 0.68, 95% CI = 0.52-0.90) reduced the likelihood of no nicotine use and increased dual use (frequent smoking SHR = 3.00, 95% CI = 1.96-4.59; peer smoking SHR = 1.55, 95% CI = 1.07-2.24; education SHR = 1.72, 95% CI = 1.03-2.90). Cannabis use (SHR = 0.67, 95% CI = 0.49-0.92), drug use (SHR = 0.77, 95% CI = 0.59-0.99), less exercise (SHR = 0.71, 95% CI = 0.53-0.95), and early parenthood (SHR = 0.46, 95% CI = 0.27-0.79) reduced no nicotine use. Higher BMI (SHR = 1.58, 95% CI = 1.08-2.31) increased dual use.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In the United Kingdom, young adults who smoke frequently, have more smoking peers, have lower education, engage in drug use, exercise less, or become parents early appear to be less likely to stop nicotine use than other young adults who smoke. Frequent smoking, peer smoking, lower education, and higher body mass index also appear to be associated with increased dual use of cigarettes and e-cigarettes.</p>","PeriodicalId":109,"journal":{"name":"Addiction","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143950833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Commentary on Ezard et al.: Agonist-based medications for stimulant use disorder—Distinguishing their true colours","authors":"Vitor S. Tardelli,&nbsp;Thiago M. Fidalgo","doi":"10.1111/add.70091","DOIUrl":"10.1111/add.70091","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;The study by Ezard &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;. [&lt;span&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;] is an impactful contribution to the existing knowledge on the role of agonist-based medications (ABMs) for the treatment of psychostimulant use disorders (PSUDs). It adds to evidence on efficacy [&lt;span&gt;2, 3&lt;/span&gt;] and safety [&lt;span&gt;3, 4&lt;/span&gt;] of this treatment and is innovative in using higher doses of lisdexamfetamine. The results, however, should be interpreted carefully.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The primary outcome did not yield a statistically significant result. The study measured reduction of methamphetamine use during the last 4 weeks of the 12-week follow-up period [&lt;span&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;], an outcome that has been adopted by later trials on the topic [&lt;span&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;]. Abstinence-based outcomes, such as proportion of participants achieving 3 weeks of abstinence, also did not find statistically significant results. However, the trial found a significant reduction in days of use throughout the whole study, which is noteworthy, given recent attention to non-abstinence outcomes, such as reduction in use, as clinically relevant, for people with substance use disorders [&lt;span&gt;6&lt;/span&gt;].&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Regarding safety, this study did not find statistically significant differences between groups in adverse events, serious adverse events or any cardiac or psychiatric events—which are commonly associated with psychostimulants and anticipated by prescribers. This adds to mounting evidence of the safety of agonist medications for individuals with PSUDs [&lt;span&gt;4, 7, 8&lt;/span&gt;], a major factor to consider their prescription at the community level.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;ABMs, including prescription amphetamines, are considered a potential intervention for PSUDs. More recent trials have mitigated longstanding issues such as high attrition rates and inadequate formulation or dosing [&lt;span&gt;5, 9&lt;/span&gt;]. This trial is one of the first to evaluate higher dosages of lisdexamfetamine for any PSUDs. Feasibility trials have shown that dosages up to 250 mg of lisdexamfetamine are tolerable and bring no major safety issues [&lt;span&gt;10, 11&lt;/span&gt;] for those with PSUDs. This trial is also among the few assessing prescription amphetamines for the treatment of amphetamine-type stimulant use disorder (ATSUD)—a medication class that has shown encouraging results for the treatment of cocaine use disorder, but not sufficiently evaluated for ATSUD.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The burden from stimulants is a pressing issue in many lower-middle income countries (LMICs)—particularly involving cocaine in South America and amphetamine-type stimulants in Southeast Asia [&lt;span&gt;12&lt;/span&gt;]. There are currently no approved medications for the treatment of PSUDs by national regulatory agencies while mounting clinical research is being conducted on the development of effective medications to treat PSUDs.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Currently, the best available evidence for PSUDs is for contingency management (CM), a psychosocial intervention that has proven efficacy on promoting abstinence and reducing stimulant use [&lt;span&gt;1","PeriodicalId":109,"journal":{"name":"Addiction","volume":"120 7","pages":"1363-1365"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/add.70091","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143951500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response to letter commenting on: Do the differing vaping and smoking trends in Australia and New Zealand reflect different regulatory policies?","authors":"Colin Paul Mendelsohn, Robert Beaglehole, Ron Borland, Wayne Hall, Alex Wodak, Ben Youdan, Gary Chung Kai Chan","doi":"10.1111/add.70089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/add.70089","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":109,"journal":{"name":"Addiction","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143951838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oversimplification of a complex public health issue that serves exploitative industry interests.","authors":"Raglan Maddox, Andrew Waa, Tom Calma, Lisa J Whop","doi":"10.1111/add.70090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/add.70090","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":109,"journal":{"name":"Addiction","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143955167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A return on investment analysis for the 2017 increase in alcohol excise taxation in Lithuania.","authors":"Jürgen Rehm, Pol Rovira, Ahmed S Hassan, Claire de Oliveira, Shannon Lange, Mark J Thompson, Ilona Tamutienė, Vaida Liutkutė-Gumarov, Lukas Galkus, Mindaugas Štelemėkas","doi":"10.1111/add.70083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/add.70083","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To conduct a return on investment analysis of Lithuania's 2017 increase in alcohol excise taxation of 112% for beer, 111% for wine, and 23% for ethyl alcohol (spirits), resulting in a marked decrease in alcohol affordability.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Economic analyses based on costs of the increased taxation and economic benefits derived from a societal perspective. Costs were measured according to World Health Organization standards, based on Lithuanian public data. Benefits were derived from the difference of direct (healthcare, childcare, legal) and indirect costs between 12 months pre- and post-enactment of the policy. All costs and benefits were expressed in 2023 Euros (€).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, there were net benefits from reductions in productivity losses and increases in tax revenue. Tax revenue increased by 20%, or more than €100 million, in the first-year post enactment, and productivity losses decreased over the same time period by about €35.3 million (95% confidence interval [CI]: -51.9 to -17.1; proportionally -7%; 95% CI: -11.0% to -4.0%), the latter based on marked reductions in premature mortality in all alcohol-attributable causes of death. In addition, healthcare costs decreased by about €3.8 million (95% CI: -8.4 to +0.1; proportionally -5%; 95% CI: -11.0% to +0.1%). On the other hand, childcare and legal costs increased compared with the year before, by €5.3 million (no 95% CI possible; proportionally: +7%) and €4.6 million (95% CI: +0.2 to +8.0; proportionally +5%; 95% CI: +0.3 to +8.7%), respectively. The final return on investment was 420 to 1, i.e. for each Euro invested, the return was €420. In the sensitivity analyses, the return on investment varied between 292 to 1 and 530 to 1, meaning that all assumptions resulted in a very positive return.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The increase in excise taxation for alcohol on March 1, 2017 in Lithuania created a large return on investment and reduced alcohol-attributable mortality and hospitalizations.</p>","PeriodicalId":109,"journal":{"name":"Addiction","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143953658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of emotional experience with gaming duration and risk of gaming disorder among adolescent gamers: An ecological momentary assessment study.","authors":"Camilla K M Lo, Edward W W Chan, Frederick K Ho, Lu Yu, William W H Chui, Ko Ling Chan","doi":"10.1111/add.70088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/add.70088","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Affect has been shown to be associated with gaming disorder (GD), but little is known about how its temporal tendency may predict excessive gaming. We aimed to evaluate how affect intensity and fluctuations may predict gaming duration and risk of GD among adolescent gamers.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A longitudinal study with ecological momentary assessment (EMA) to collect participants' data at four time points throughout the day during a 14-day observation period.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>July and August 2023 in Hong Kong SAR, China.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>A total of 317 adolescents (37.2% female; M_age = 15.5) who self-identified as regular gamers.</p><p><strong>Measurements: </strong>The major measures were daily game time, GD (Internet Gaming Disorder Scale; IGDS9-SF) and affect intensity (the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule; PANAS), while affect fluctuations were captured by obtaining the root mean squared of successive differences of the PANAS scores.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>Both overall negative affect intensity [β = 0.3816, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.0941-0.6691, P = 0.0095] and fluctuations (β = 0.5123, 95% CI = 0.0567-0.9679, P = 0.0277) were statistically significantly associated with the follow-up IGDS9-SF score. In terms of positive affect, only affect fluctuations were statistically significantly associated with IGDS9-SF score (β = 0.4457, 95% CI = 0.0279-0.8636, P = 0.0367). At within-person level, both daily negative affect intensity (exponentiated β = 1.0159, 95% CI = 1.0018-1.0302, P = 0.0265) and fluctuations (exponentiated β = 1.0144, 95% CI = 1.0030-1.0258, P = 0.0130) were statistically significantly associated with daily game time. Daily positive affect intensity (exponentiated β = 1.0136, 95% CI = 1.0025-1.0248, P = 0.0166) was statistically significantly associated with increased daily game time at within-person level. The association between daily positive affect fluctuations and game time was statistically non-significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Both intensity and fluctuations of negative affect may predict gaming duration and risk of gaming disorder among Hong Kong adolescents. For positive affect, emotion intensity may be more related to gaming duration, and emotion fluctuations may be more related to adolescents' risk of gaming disorder.</p>","PeriodicalId":109,"journal":{"name":"Addiction","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143952957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How much does the absence of the 'hidden population' from United Kingdom household surveys underestimate smoking prevalence?","authors":"Emma Beard, Lion Shahab, Jamie Brown, Sharon Cox","doi":"10.1111/add.70071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/add.70071","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>Sampling frames used by population surveys may result in an underestimation of smoking prevalence as those not residing in households, also known as the 'hidden population', are not sampled. This includes people living in care and residential homes, populations experiencing homelessness, as well as those who have an \"absent or \"temporary\" household status (e.g. bed and breakfasts, unsupported temporary accommodation, and those in prison). This study estimated the impact of including these populations on smoking prevalence in the UK.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from UK government reports and published studies were used to derive estimates of the size of the hidden populations and rates of smoking within these populations. The impact of including the 'hidden population' on overall smoking prevalence in the UK was estimated, along with a correction factor to account for their exclusion.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The hidden population over the age of 18 was estimated to be around 1.9 million with a smoking prevalence of between 58% and 66%. Accounting for this hidden population in smoking prevalence surveys may inflate estimates by a correction factor of 1.12 to 1.14. This means smoking prevalence in 2022 would increase from a reported 12.9% to an adjusted range of 14.5-14.8%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The absence of the 'hidden population' from smoking prevalence surveys leads to underestimation of smoking rates in the UK. Based on the estimated correction factor, and assuming smoking continues to decline at current rates, achieving the UK government's target of <5% by 2030 would be substantially delayed.</p>","PeriodicalId":109,"journal":{"name":"Addiction","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143951701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}