Addiction最新文献

{"title":"Rare but relevant: Ketamine-induced cystitis - an in-depth review for addiction medicine.","authors":"Asem Abdelrahman, Mo Belal","doi":"10.1111/add.70052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/add.70052","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ketamine-induced cystitis is an increasingly recognized complication associated with the addictive use of ketamine, a dissociative anesthetic. This article provides a comprehensive overview, focusing on its pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, management strategies, and implications for addiction treatment. The British Association of Urological Surgeons consensus serves as a foundational reference for management, while additional literature is integrated to highlight the multifaceted nature of Ketamine Bladder and its impact on individuals with substance use disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":109,"journal":{"name":"Addiction","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143778648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinal patterns of e-cigarette use initiation and progression to frequent vaping from mid-to-late adolescence to young adulthood.","authors":"Junhan Cho, Alyssa F Harlow, Adam M Leventhal, Mary Ann Pentz, Dayoung Bae, Dae-Hee Han, Rob McConnell, Sandrah P Eckel, Jessica L Barrington-Trimis","doi":"10.1111/add.70042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/add.70042","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>This exploratory study aimed to describe longitudinal patterns of e-cigarette use initiation and progression to frequent use across mid-to-late adolescence and young adulthood and determine risk factors for and consequences of these initiation patterns.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Using 12 waves of a prospective cohort data across 2014-2023, we identified latent classes with distinct patterns of timing of e-cigarette use initiation and frequent use progression (20 + days/month). We then estimated: (1) associations of baseline risk factors with membership in latent classes and (2) associations of latent classes with e-cigarette/other substance use frequency and e-cigarette dependence at a subsequent 1-year follow-up.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Southern California, United States.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Baseline e-cigarette never users [n = 2291; mean age (standard deviation) = 15.0 (0.4) years; 55.1% female; 44.6% Hispanic].</p><p><strong>Measurements: </strong>Repeated self-reported e-cigarette use initiation and past-30-day frequency, other substance use and e-cigarette dependence.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>Four distinct groups were identified: (1) early high school/gradual progression (13.9%); (2) late high school/gradual progression (4.3%); (3) young adulthood/quick progression (21.3%); and (4) low initiation risk/no progression (60.5%). In addition to two high school initiator groups with gradual progression to frequent vaping over 3 years, we identified the young adulthood/quick progression group who initiated e-cigarette use after high school and progressed to frequent use within 1.2 years. Late initiators who progressed quickly reported the highest prevalence of JUUL use as their first device (34.2%) and the highest levels of vaping frequency and e-cigarette dependence at the final assessment, compared with the other groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In the United States, there appear to be four distinct classes of developmental patterns of e-cigarette use initiation and progression to frequent use during mid-to-late adolescence and young adulthood, including a newly identified group characterized by late use initiation (post secondary school) and rapid progression (1.2 years) to frequent use. Rapid progression from late initiation to frequent use may be influenced by the widespread availability and usage of JUUL among US youth in 2018-2019.</p>","PeriodicalId":109,"journal":{"name":"Addiction","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143770794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Commentary on Coelho et al.: Ecological momentary assessments may be key to the future of cannabis studies","authors":"Lucy Chester,&nbsp;François-Olivier Hebert,&nbsp;Didier Jutras-Aswad","doi":"10.1111/add.70066","DOIUrl":"10.1111/add.70066","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;The study of cannabis use and cannabis-associated health outcomes currently centres primarily around two distinct methods of research: experimental trials using fixed doses of Δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD), and observational studies of naturalistic cannabis use. The former method has the advantage of producing accurate dose-effect data, but is limited to acute dosing in controlled, clinical environments. And while the latter allows us to track real-world cannabis consumption over extended periods of time, previous attempts to accurately record dosing have proven rudimentary and imprecise. The ecological momentary assessment (EMA) methodology presented by Coelho &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;. [&lt;span&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;] could help to fill this critical gap in the research by allowing the collection of precise, time-sensitive, and ecologically relevant cannabinoid dosing data across a variety of product types and modes of administration. Importantly, as alternative forms of use have become increasingly popular [&lt;span&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;], it has become more necessary than ever for a meaningful index of cannabis use to aggregate all such products and routes.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;There are several points to consider when moving forward with this proposed methodology. First, it is imperative to consider and assess the generalizability across populations of interest, from otherwise relatively healthy consumers to populations displaying comorbid conditions (e.g. physical or mental health disorders) or other vulnerability factors. In addition, while there is evidence of overlap in medical and non-medical reasons for use [&lt;span&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;], the conditions in which medical and non-medical cannabis users utilize cannabis (e.g. alone or with company, exact measured dosing or ad libitum, etc.) and report their cannabis use will also likely differ, as will the effects that these populations experience.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;It is also important to consider how this tool may be used in longer studies. The present study was conducted for 14 days to reduce the burden on participants, but the major cannabis-related harms of interest, such as cannabis use disorder, development or worsening of psychotic symptoms, etc., typically occur only over much longer periods of use. Longer follow-up would also be desirable for evaluating the safety and efficacy of self-directed medical cannabis use, such as in the management of chronic pain or insomnia. Such longer-term studies would need to limit the burden on participants, by making data input as fast and simple as possible (e.g. allowing users to save product characteristics to be automatically input again), and possibly having distinct periods of EMA data entry, for example, 1 or 2 weeks every 3 months, alternating with traditional retrospective data collection, such as timeline followback (TLFB) or enhanced TLFB (eTLFB) [&lt;span&gt;4, 5&lt;/span&gt;]. In addition, this methodology would be a more powerful research tool when incorporated into more comprehensive studies of cannab","PeriodicalId":109,"journal":{"name":"Addiction","volume":"120 6","pages":"1182-1183"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/add.70066","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143770783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is big money distorting the global drug policy conversation?","authors":"Bobby P. Smyth","doi":"10.1111/add.70059","DOIUrl":"10.1111/add.70059","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;The Open Society Foundation (OSF) appears to have a large and distorting influence upon the current global drug policy conversation.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The United Nations (UN) Conventions on Narcotic Drugs stand as a massive obstacle for those with drug legalization ambitions [&lt;span&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;]. OSF is a wealthy opponent of the drug conventions, being led by the multi-billionaire, George Soros [&lt;span&gt;2, 3&lt;/span&gt;]. The funding of this think-tank has been assessed as being ‘highly opaque’ [&lt;span&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;]. OSF supports groups who put forward alternatives to prohibition and who support legalization [&lt;span&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;], saying ‘the vast majority of our grants are awarded to organizations that we approach directly’ and it funds those ‘who share our values’ [&lt;span&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;].&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The annual meeting in Vienna of the Commission on Narcotic Drugs (CND) is a key event in the annual calendar for those interested in the drug conventions. The program involves plenaries and dozens of organised official side events [&lt;span&gt;6&lt;/span&gt;]. OSF was among the non-governmental organizations (NGOs) at the meeting in 2024 and was formally involved in the running of 11 side events.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The funding relationship between OSF and the 49 other NGO contributors to these 11 OSF-involved side events was explored. It emerged that 38 (78%) had recent (2016–2023) OSF funding. OSF helpfully lists grantees on its own website [&lt;span&gt;7&lt;/span&gt;]. This confirmed funding in 31 instances. Financial support for individual NGOs ranged from $25 000 to $18 million over the 8 years. These 31 entities shared over $82 million from OSF across this period. In the other seven cases, funding was confirmed by the NGO's own website or via media reports. There were at least another 10 OSF funded NGOs involved in supporting other side events at CND 2024 [&lt;span&gt;6&lt;/span&gt;].&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;OSF has also recently funded both the Joint UN Programme on HIV/AIDS and Office of the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) who each supported seven of the OSF-involved side events. The OHCHR received an average of $100 000 annually from OSF across 2018 to 2022 [&lt;span&gt;7&lt;/span&gt;]. This increased to $1.52 million in 2023. In 2023, OHCHR issued a report on drug policy urging countries to ‘consider developing a regulatory system for legal access to all controlled substances’ [&lt;span&gt;8&lt;/span&gt;]. The UN High Commissioner recently called for ‘responsible regulation’ at a conference on the ‘sensible regulation of drugs’ [&lt;span&gt;9&lt;/span&gt;]. This echoes the views of the OSF funder and conflicts with a current UN Convention.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;A decade ago, Forbes magazine declared George Soros to be the biggest drug reformer in the United States [&lt;span&gt;10&lt;/span&gt;]. This influence now appears truly global, OSF attending this CND meeting with an army of over 50 NGOs and UN offices who are financially beholding to his think-tank.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Some of the funded entities at the CND meeting are university based and contribute research on drug policy. OSF additionally funds other","PeriodicalId":109,"journal":{"name":"Addiction","volume":"120 6","pages":"1284-1285"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/add.70059","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143770787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Commentary on Carlon et al.: High hopes-Integrating positive psychological interventions into substance use disorder treatment.","authors":"Adam W Carrico","doi":"10.1111/add.70062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/add.70062","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":109,"journal":{"name":"Addiction","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143762482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Commentary on Ezard et al.: Prescribed psychostimulant medications for methamphetamine use disorder - an urgent path forward.","authors":"Adam Bisaga","doi":"10.1111/add.70058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/add.70058","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":109,"journal":{"name":"Addiction","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143750228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic validity of drinking behaviour for identifying alcohol use disorder: Findings from a representative sample of community adults and an inpatient clinical sample.","authors":"Molly L Garber, Andriy Samokhvalov, Yelena Chorny, Onawa LaBelle, Brian Rush, Jean Costello, James MacKillop","doi":"10.1111/add.70037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/add.70037","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Alcohol consumption is an inherent feature of alcohol use disorder (AUD), and drinking patterns may be diagnostically informative. This study had three aims: (1) to examine the classification accuracy of several individually analysed drinking behavior measures in a large sample of US community adults; (2) to extend the findings to an adult clinical sample; and (3) to examine potential sex differences.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>In cross-sectional epidemiological and clinical datasets, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to evaluate diagnostic classification using area under the curve (AUC), accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV).</p><p><strong>Setting and participants: </strong>Two samples were examined: a large random sample of US community adults who reported past-year drinking (n = 25 773, AUD = 20%) and a clinical sample from a Canadian inpatient addiction treatment centre (n = 1341, AUD = 82%).</p><p><strong>Measurements: </strong>Classifiers included measures of quantity/frequency (e.g. drinks/drinking day, largest drinks/drinking day, number of drinking days and heavy drinking frequency). The clinical criterion (reference standard) was AUD diagnostic status per structured clinical interview (community sample) or a symptom checklist (clinical sample).</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>All drinking indicators were statistically significant classifiers of AUD (AUCs = 0.60-0.92, Ps<0.0001). Heavy drinking frequency indicators performed optimally in both the community (AUCs = 0.78-0.87; accuracy = 0.72-0.80) and clinical (AUCs = 0.85-0.92; accuracy = 0.77-0.89) samples. Collectively, the most discriminating drinking behaviours were number of heavy drinking episodes and frequency of exceeding drinking low-risk guidelines. No substantive sex differences were observed across drinking metrics.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Quantitative drinking indices appear to perform well at classifying alcohol use disorder (AUD) in both a large community adult and inpatient sample, robustly identifying AUD at rates much better than chance and above accepted clinical classification benchmarks, with limited differences by sex. These findings broadly support the potential clinical utility of quantitative drinking indicators in routine patient assessment.</p>","PeriodicalId":109,"journal":{"name":"Addiction","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143750230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drinking and pleasure: Interdisciplinarity points the way forward","authors":"James Nicholls,&nbsp;Geoffrey Hunt","doi":"10.1111/add.70065","DOIUrl":"10.1111/add.70065","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;We thank our commentators for their thoughtful reflections on how alcohol research can better engage with pleasure. In writing the original article [&lt;span&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;], we admit to some trepidation about how it would be received. We are encouraged by the positive and constructive responses, which identify a range of opportunities for innovative future research.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;We strongly agree with Pennay and Livingston [&lt;span&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;] on the critical importance of interdisciplinary collaboration. Drinking motives, cultures, behaviours and pleasures – as well as risks – are far too complex to be captured by either a single discipline or a single methodological approach. The social, natural and applied sciences, and, we would add, the humanities, all offer unique contributions to better understanding the protean role of drinking in both different cultures and the lives of individuals within those environments. We would welcome the kind of large-scale interdisciplinary project Pennay and Livingston propose, and hope the case for such an approach, even if exploratory in terms of both methods and possible findings, can be made effectively to funders.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Morris and Davies [&lt;span&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;] provide critical insights into the challenges of effective alcohol health messaging. While we noted that negative framings may not align with the experiences of those who drink for pleasure, they expand significantly on this with key insights from experimental psychology. As they show, the issue is not only that ‘no safe level’ messaging may fail to resonate with drinkers, but that it may provoke psychological resistance – especially among heavier drinkers, who may be the primary target.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Acuff and Strickland [&lt;span&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;] take a different approach, arguing not only for interventions that acknowledge the pleasures of drinking (even while encouraging less risky behaviours), but also for those that promote alternative pleasures not involving, though perhaps adjacent to, intoxication. This notion has deep historical roots, from the 19th century ‘rational recreation’ campaigns to the contemporary ‘sober curious’ movement [&lt;span&gt;5, 6&lt;/span&gt;]. They also highlight key experimental research on wider determinants of alcohol-related reward, which we would see as complementing sociological studies on the social structuring of intoxication and pleasure.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;These commentaries helpfully expand on the three domains highlighted in our article. They speak to the need for a broader epistemology of intoxication, one that will necessarily be interdisciplinary. They also add psychological depth to our thoughts on the pragmatics of health communication. Furthermore, they highlight that a rigid prioritisation of long-term health over shorter-term rewards cannot survive contact with the reality of how and why people drink. Acuff and Strickland's compromise – acknowledging but not emphasising pleasure – is attractive. However, we would also reiterate our challenge for clarity on questi","PeriodicalId":109,"journal":{"name":"Addiction","volume":"120 6","pages":"1088-1089"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/add.70065","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143717721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acknowledging the crucial role of Max Glatt in the development of the Jellinek curve and the enduring relevance of his model of recovery from problem drinking.","authors":"Kevin McInerney, David Best","doi":"10.1111/add.70053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/add.70053","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Shortly after Max Glatt published a 'Chart of Alcohol Addiction and Recovery' in 1954, a misnomer emerged and it became known as the 'Jellinek Curve'. The current article aims to investigate the contributions that both Max Glatt and Morton Jellinek made towards the misnamed 'Jellinek Curve', how the misnomer may have emerged and the relevance of Jellinek's addiction concept and Glatt's model of recovery with contemporary theories of addiction and recovery.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Warlingham Park Hospital housed the first residential alcohol detoxification and rehabilitation unit in the UK's National Health Service, a model created and developed by Max Glatt. Much of the data that informed Glatt's model came from ex-Warlingham Park Hospital patients in recovery. The current article assumes an ethnographic approach. Literature searches were undertaken and the Warlingham Park Hospital archives were scrutinized.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Max Glatt's 'Chart of Alcohol Addiction and Recovery' has mistakenly been referred to as the 'Jellinek Curve' for the last seven decades. 'The Matthew Effect' presents a possible explanation for the misnomer: the notion that eminent scientists are likely to receive greater credit than lesser-known scientists, regardless of their contribution. The recovery slope of Glatt's 'Chart' may be just as relevant today as when it was first published.</p>","PeriodicalId":109,"journal":{"name":"Addiction","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143717720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Addiction Lives: Shekhar Saxena.","authors":"Virginia Berridge","doi":"10.1111/add.70034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/add.70034","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":109,"journal":{"name":"Addiction","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143707789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}