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Current Opinion in Neurobiology最新文献

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Dynamic regulation of cortical interneuron wiring 皮层神经元间连线的动态调节
IF 4.8 2区 医学
Current Opinion in Neurobiology Pub Date : 2025-02-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2025.102980
Claudia Rosés-Novella , Clémence Bernard
{"title":"Dynamic regulation of cortical interneuron wiring","authors":"Claudia Rosés-Novella ,&nbsp;Clémence Bernard","doi":"10.1016/j.conb.2025.102980","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conb.2025.102980","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Inhibitory interneurons play crucial roles in modulating the circuits and activity patterns of the cerebral cortex. In particular, interneurons must adapt to changes in cortical activity and environmental information to drive appropriate responses. In this review, we focus on the latest progress in our understanding of the processes that regulate interneuron wiring adaptability. We discuss newly identified types of regulatory processes, from structural synaptic changes to long-range neuromodulation, and provide an update on the activity-dependent molecular underpinnings at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10999,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Neurobiology","volume":"92 ","pages":"Article 102980"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143487761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Timing neural development and regeneration 定时神经发育和再生
IF 4.8 2区 医学
Current Opinion in Neurobiology Pub Date : 2025-02-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2025.102976
Seth Blackshaw , Michel Cayouette
{"title":"Timing neural development and regeneration","authors":"Seth Blackshaw ,&nbsp;Michel Cayouette","doi":"10.1016/j.conb.2025.102976","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conb.2025.102976","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Regulation of neural progenitor temporal identity is critical to control the chronological order of cell birth and generation of cell diversity in the developing central nervous system (CNS). Single-cell RNA sequencing studies have identified transcriptionally distinct early and late temporal identity states in mammalian neural progenitors in multiple CNS regions. This review discusses recent advances in understanding the mechanisms underlying regulation of temporal identity in mammalian neural progenitors, the implications of these findings for glia-to-neuron reprogramming strategies, and their potential therapeutic applications. We highlight potential future directions of research, including integrating temporal identity specification with proneural factor overexpression to enhance reprogramming efficiency and broaden the repertoire of neuronal subtypes generated from reprogrammed mammalian glia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10999,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Neurobiology","volume":"91 ","pages":"Article 102976"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143479197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The barn owl in systems and behavioral neuroscience: Progress and promise 系统与行为神经科学中的仓鸮：进展与前景
IF 4.8 2区 医学
Current Opinion in Neurobiology Pub Date : 2025-02-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2025.102983
Lilian Zhang , Shreesh P. Mysore
{"title":"The barn owl in systems and behavioral neuroscience: Progress and promise","authors":"Lilian Zhang ,&nbsp;Shreesh P. Mysore","doi":"10.1016/j.conb.2025.102983","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conb.2025.102983","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Though well-adapted to their evolutionary niches, animals exhibit a repertoire of behavioral functions that are common across species. Neuroscientific research that promotes the study of similar functions in multiple species, can illuminate shared versus specialized design features of the nervous system, revealing potentially profound insights into the neural basis of behavior and cognition. Here, we advance the idea that the barn owl is an excellent animal model in which to investigate such common functions. We do so by drawing attention to the range of exciting questions that can be asked in the owl beyond those deriving from its evolutionary specializations, by underscoring the variety of complex yet experimentally tractable behaviors it exhibits naturally, by emphasizing its complex network of brain systems, and by highlighting emerging opportunities for the application of modern neural technologies. Our goal is to motivate broader adoption of the powerful barn owl model for behavioral and systems neuroscience.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10999,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Neurobiology","volume":"91 ","pages":"Article 102983"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143465330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Octopus as a comparative model for understanding the neural control of limb movement and limb-based behaviors 章鱼作为理解肢体运动和肢体行为的神经控制的比较模型
IF 4.8 2区 医学
Current Opinion in Neurobiology Pub Date : 2025-02-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2025.102982
Melina E. Hale
{"title":"Octopus as a comparative model for understanding the neural control of limb movement and limb-based behaviors","authors":"Melina E. Hale","doi":"10.1016/j.conb.2025.102982","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conb.2025.102982","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Octopuses provide a model system for examining the neural control of limbs. Octopus arms serve in a wide range of limb functions, but their arms' neural anatomy, muscle, and connective tissue structures are strikingly different from those of other model taxa, arthropods, and vertebrates. Unlike those groups, octopus arms contain true nerve cords with diverse neuron populations. Nerve cords of different arms connect to one another at their bases. For the arms’ large axial nerve cord, signals pass from one arm to other arms through a connecting nerve ring. While the connection of the arm nervous system to the brain is necessary for behaviors such as locomotion; arm movements can be triggered with naturalistic mechanosensory input to an arm. What we know about biological systems shapes our imagination of the possible; understanding the octopus arm neural control expands how we conceive of limb systems operating in animals and inspires engineered devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10999,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Neurobiology","volume":"91 ","pages":"Article 102982"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143454563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Sources of behavioral variability in C. elegans: Sex differences, individuality, and internal states 秀丽隐杆线虫行为变异的来源：性别差异、个性和内部状态
IF 4.8 2区 医学
Current Opinion in Neurobiology Pub Date : 2025-02-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2025.102984
Steven W. Flavell , Meital Oren-Suissa , Shay Stern
{"title":"Sources of behavioral variability in C. elegans: Sex differences, individuality, and internal states","authors":"Steven W. Flavell ,&nbsp;Meital Oren-Suissa ,&nbsp;Shay Stern","doi":"10.1016/j.conb.2025.102984","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conb.2025.102984","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Animal behavior varies across different timescales. This includes rapid shifts in behavior as animals transition between states and long-term changes that develop throughout an organism’s life. This review presents the contributions of sex differences, individuality, and internal states to behavioral variability in the roundworm <em>Caenorhabditis elegans</em>. Sex is determined by chromosome composition, which directs neuronal development through gene regulation and experience to shape dimorphic behaviors. Genetically identical individuals within the same sex and reared in the same conditions still display distinctive, long-lasting behavioral traits that are controlled by neuromodulatory systems. At all life stages, internal states within the individual, shaped by external factors like food and stress, modulate behavior over minutes to hours. The interplay between these factors gives rise to rich behavioral diversity in <em>C. elegans</em>. These factors impact behavior in a sequential manner, as genetic sex, individuality, and internal states influence behavior over progressively finer timescales.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10999,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Neurobiology","volume":"91 ","pages":"Article 102984"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143454630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Large brains: Big unknowns in cellular neuroscience 大大脑：细胞神经科学的大未知数
IF 4.8 2区 医学
Current Opinion in Neurobiology Pub Date : 2025-02-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2025.102981
Michael Brecht
{"title":"Large brains: Big unknowns in cellular neuroscience","authors":"Michael Brecht","doi":"10.1016/j.conb.2025.102981","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conb.2025.102981","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Contemporary cellular neuroscience is strong on small but weak on large brains. Large brains have lower neuronal densities than smaller brains. We outline opposing functional interpretations of this result. Analysis of human brains supports the idea that dendritic complexity matters and might even correlate with intellectual ability. Cortical connectomics revealed an elaboration of disinhibitory motifs in human brains. There is disagreement as to whether glia-to-neuron ratios differ between small and large brains. The elaborate myeloarchitecture of the human brain has long been recognized and novel evidence indicates myelin might play nonconventional structural functions in larger brains. Three-dimensional body-part models in the cortex of tactile specialists point to the significance of the three-dimensional structure of cortical networks. The comparative assessment of brain performance remains one of the biggest challenges in neurobiology. Understanding cellular differences between small and large brains is a neglected, yet fundamental issue for neuroscience and translation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10999,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Neurobiology","volume":"91 ","pages":"Article 102981"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143444856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Eligibility traces as a synaptic substrate for learning 适性是学习的突触基础
IF 4.8 2区 医学
Current Opinion in Neurobiology Pub Date : 2025-02-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2025.102978
Harel Z. Shouval , Alfredo Kirkwood
{"title":"Eligibility traces as a synaptic substrate for learning","authors":"Harel Z. Shouval ,&nbsp;Alfredo Kirkwood","doi":"10.1016/j.conb.2025.102978","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conb.2025.102978","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Animals can learn to associate a behavior or a stimulus with a delayed reward, this is essential for survival. A mechanism proposed for bridging this gap are synaptic eligibility traces, which are slowly decaying tags, which can lead to synaptic plasticity if followed by rewards. Recently, experiments have demonstrated the existence of synaptic eligibility traces in diverse neural systems, depending on either neuromodulators or plateau potentials. Evidence for both eligibility trace-dependent potentiation and depression of synaptic efficacies has emerged. We discuss the commonalities and differences of these different results. We show why the existence of both potentiation and depression is important because these opposing forces can lead to a synaptic stopping rule. Without a stopping rule, synapses would saturate at their upper bound thus leading to a loss of selectivity and representational power. We discuss the possible underlying mechanisms of the eligibility traces as well as their functional and theoretical significance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10999,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Neurobiology","volume":"91 ","pages":"Article 102978"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143419979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
“Arc – A viral vector of memory and synaptic plasticity” Arc -记忆和突触可塑性的病毒载体
IF 4.8 2区 医学
Current Opinion in Neurobiology Pub Date : 2025-02-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2025.102979
Kaelan R. Sullivan, Alicia Ravens, Alicia C. Walker, Jason D. Shepherd
{"title":"“Arc – A viral vector of memory and synaptic plasticity”","authors":"Kaelan R. Sullivan,&nbsp;Alicia Ravens,&nbsp;Alicia C. Walker,&nbsp;Jason D. Shepherd","doi":"10.1016/j.conb.2025.102979","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conb.2025.102979","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Learning induces gene expression and memory consolidation requires new protein synthesis. Many of these activity-induced genes are transcription factors. One of the exceptions is a key immediate early gene, <em>Arc</em>, which has been implicated in several forms of synaptic plasticity and is critical for long-term memory formation. Recently, Arc was discovered to have retroviral properties, such as the ability to form virus-like capsids, that were repurposed from an ancient retrotransposon. Arc capsids are released in extracellular vesicles that mediate intercellular communication. Here, we review Arc’s role in synaptic plasticity and propose a model for how Arc mediates memory consolidation via a novel intercellular non-cell autonomous form of long-term depression.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10999,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Neurobiology","volume":"91 ","pages":"Article 102979"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143419978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The convoluted path leading to neuronal circuit formation 导致神经元回路形成的迂回路径。
IF 4.8 2区 医学
Current Opinion in Neurobiology Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2024.102941
Carla G. Silva
{"title":"The convoluted path leading to neuronal circuit formation","authors":"Carla G. Silva","doi":"10.1016/j.conb.2024.102941","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conb.2024.102941","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A limiting step of neuronal circuit formation is the extensive migration of interneurons from their birthplace to populate territories formed by excitatory neurons. Interneuron dynamics in the developing brain culminates with the organization of interneuron subtypes in specific configurations within layers of brain tissue. Decoding the logic behind these configurations is still matter of passionate debate. Do interneurons follow a sketched program from the progenitor state or is this organization sculpted from intricate cellular interactions? How do interneurons select interacting partners? How does interneuron diversity emerge? New technologies and access to brain tissue from different species are allowing us to reconstruct stone by stone, the convoluted path leading to the formation of neuronal cell assemblies made of excitatory and inhibitory neurons. The most recent research highlights that interneuron subtype circuit integration needs to be assessed case by case. Here, I highlight the need to keep delving into the complexities of interneuron interaction with their environment during development to accomplish this Herculean task.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10999,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Neurobiology","volume":"90 ","pages":"Article 102941"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142812668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Neurobiological mechanisms of forgetting across timescales 跨时间尺度遗忘的神经生物学机制。
IF 4.8 2区 医学
Current Opinion in Neurobiology Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2025.102972
Mitchell L. de Snoo , Paul W. Frankland
{"title":"Neurobiological mechanisms of forgetting across timescales","authors":"Mitchell L. de Snoo ,&nbsp;Paul W. Frankland","doi":"10.1016/j.conb.2025.102972","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conb.2025.102972","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Every species in the animal kingdom that learns, also forgets. Despite this balance between learning and forgetting, most neuroscientific explorations of memory have focused on how learning occurs, with recent studies identifying engrams as putative biological substrates for memory. Here we review an emerging literature that, in contrast, explores how our brains forget. These studies reveal that forgetting engages a broad collection of mechanisms that function to reduce engram accessibility. However, changes in accessibility emerge on vastly different timescales. At short timescales, forgetting is modulated by fluctuations in brain states that alter engram accessibility in a moment-to-moment fashion. In the intermediate- and long-term, forgetting depends, in part, on mechanisms that rewire engrams, rendering them gradually harder to access. Viewed this way, forgetting encompasses a family of plasticity mechanisms that modulate engram accessibility, perhaps in order to prioritize those memories that are most timely or relevant to the situation at hand.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10999,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Neurobiology","volume":"90 ","pages":"Article 102972"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143074176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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