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Current Opinion in Neurobiology最新文献

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Emerging roles for tubulin PTMs in neuronal function and neurodegenerative disease 微管蛋白PTMs在神经元功能和神经退行性疾病中的新作用。
IF 4.8 2区 医学
Current Opinion in Neurobiology Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2025.102971
JiaJie Teoh, Francesca Bartolini
{"title":"Emerging roles for tubulin PTMs in neuronal function and neurodegenerative disease","authors":"JiaJie Teoh,&nbsp;Francesca Bartolini","doi":"10.1016/j.conb.2025.102971","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conb.2025.102971","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Neurons are equipped with microtubules of different stability with stable and dynamic domains often coexisting on the same microtubule. While dynamic microtubules undergo random transitions between disassembly and assembly, stable ones persist long enough to serve as platforms for tubulin-modifying enzymes (known as writers) that attach molecular components to the α- or β-tubulin subunits. The combination of these posttranslational modifications (PTMs) results in a “tubulin code,” dictating the behavior of selected proteins (known as readers), some of which were shown to be crucial for neuronal function. Recent research has further highlighted that disturbances in tubulin PTMs can lead to neurodegeneration, sparking an emerging field of investigation with numerous questions such as whether and how tubulin PTMs can affect neurotransmission and synaptic plasticity and whether restoring balanced tubulin PTM levels could effectively prevent or mitigate neurodegenerative disease.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10999,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Neurobiology","volume":"90 ","pages":"Article 102971"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143037429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
New insights into the molecular architecture of neurons by cryo-electron tomography 通过低温电子断层扫描对神经元分子结构的新见解。
IF 4.8 2区 医学
Current Opinion in Neurobiology Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2024.102939
Arsen Petrovic , Thanh Thao Do , Rubén Fernández-Busnadiego
{"title":"New insights into the molecular architecture of neurons by cryo-electron tomography","authors":"Arsen Petrovic ,&nbsp;Thanh Thao Do ,&nbsp;Rubén Fernández-Busnadiego","doi":"10.1016/j.conb.2024.102939","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conb.2024.102939","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cryo-electron tomography (cryo-ET) visualizes natively preserved cellular ultrastructure at molecular resolution. Recent developments in sample preparation workflows and image processing tools enable growing applications of cryo-ET in cellular neurobiology. As such, cryo-ET is beginning to unravel the <em>in situ</em> macromolecular organization of neurons using samples of increasing complexity. Here, we highlight advances in cryo-ET technology and review its recent use to study neuronal architecture and its alterations under disease conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10999,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Neurobiology","volume":"90 ","pages":"Article 102939"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142817501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Turning garbage into gold: Autophagy in synaptic function 变废为宝突触功能中的自噬作用
IF 4.8 2区 医学
Current Opinion in Neurobiology Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2024.102937
Erin Marie Smith , Maeve Louise Coughlan , Sandra Maday
{"title":"Turning garbage into gold: Autophagy in synaptic function","authors":"Erin Marie Smith ,&nbsp;Maeve Louise Coughlan ,&nbsp;Sandra Maday","doi":"10.1016/j.conb.2024.102937","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conb.2024.102937","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Trillions of synapses in the human brain enable thought and behavior. Synaptic connections must be established and maintained, while retaining dynamic flexibility to respond to experiences. These processes require active remodeling of the synapse to control the composition and integrity of proteins and organelles. Macroautophagy (hereafter, autophagy) provides a mechanism to edit and prune the synaptic proteome. Canonically, autophagy has been viewed as a homeostatic process, which eliminates aged and damaged proteins to maintain neuronal survival. However, accumulating evidence suggests that autophagy also degrades specific cargoes in response to neuronal activity to impact neuronal transmission, excitability, and synaptic plasticity. Here, we will discuss the diverse roles, regulation, and mechanisms of neuronal autophagy in synaptic function and contributions from glial autophagy in these processes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10999,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Neurobiology","volume":"90 ","pages":"Article 102937"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142817583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Endocytosis in the axon initial segment: Roles in neuronal polarity and plasticity 轴突初始段的内吞作用：在神经元极性和可塑性中的作用。
IF 4.8 2区 医学
Current Opinion in Neurobiology Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2024.102949
Kelsie Eichel
{"title":"Endocytosis in the axon initial segment: Roles in neuronal polarity and plasticity","authors":"Kelsie Eichel","doi":"10.1016/j.conb.2024.102949","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conb.2024.102949","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The axon initial segment (AIS) is a specialized domain that maintains neuronal polarity and is the site of action potential generation, both of which underlie the neuron's ability to send and receive signals. Disruption of the AIS leads to a loss of neuronal polarity, altered neuronal signaling, and an array of neurological disorders. Therefore, understanding how the AIS forms and functions is a central question in cellular neuroscience that is essential to understanding neuronal physiology. Decades of study have identified many molecular components and mechanisms at the AIS. Recently, endocytosis at the AIS has been identified to function in both maintaining neuronal polarity and in mediating AIS plasticity through its ability to dynamically remodel the plasma membrane composition. This review discusses the emerging evidence for the roles of endocytosis in regulating AIS function and structural insights into how endocytosis can occur at the AIS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10999,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Neurobiology","volume":"90 ","pages":"Article 102949"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142846046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Roles of ANK2/ankyrin-B in neurodevelopmental disorders: Isoform functions and implications for autism spectrum disorder and epilepsy ANK2/锚蛋白b在神经发育障碍中的作用：自闭症谱系障碍和癫痫的异构体功能和意义。
IF 4.8 2区 医学
Current Opinion in Neurobiology Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2024.102938
Sehyoun Yoon , Peter Penzes
{"title":"Roles of ANK2/ankyrin-B in neurodevelopmental disorders: Isoform functions and implications for autism spectrum disorder and epilepsy","authors":"Sehyoun Yoon ,&nbsp;Peter Penzes","doi":"10.1016/j.conb.2024.102938","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conb.2024.102938","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The <em>ANK2</em> gene, encoding ankyrin-B, is a high-confidence risk factor for neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs). Evidence from exome sequencing studies have repeatedly implicated rare variants in <em>ANK2</em> in autism spectrum disorder. Recently, the functions of ankyrin-B isoforms on neuronal phenotypes have been investigated using a number of techniques including electrophysiology, proteomic screens and behavioral analysis using animal models with loss of distinct <em>Ank2</em> isoforms or with targeted loss of <em>Ank2</em> in different cell types and time points during brain development. <em>ANK2</em> variants and their pathophysiology could provide valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying NDDs. In this review, we focus on recently reported studies to help understand the pathological mechanisms of <em>ANK2</em> loss and how it may facilitate the development of treatments for NDDs in the future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10999,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Neurobiology","volume":"90 ","pages":"Article 102938"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142779609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Spinal sensory innervation of the intestine 肠的脊髓感觉神经支配。
IF 4.8 2区 医学
Current Opinion in Neurobiology Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2025.102973
Rachel L. Wolfson
{"title":"Spinal sensory innervation of the intestine","authors":"Rachel L. Wolfson","doi":"10.1016/j.conb.2025.102973","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conb.2025.102973","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sensing our internal environment, or interoception, is essential under physiologic circumstances, such as controlling food intake, and under pathophysiologic circumstances, often triggering abdominal pain. The sensory neurons that innervate the gastrointestinal (GI) tract to mediate interoception originate in two separate parts of the peripheral nervous system: the spinal sensory neurons, whose cell bodies reside in the dorsal root ganglia (DRG), and the vagal sensory neurons, whose cell bodies reside in the nodose ganglia. While the vagal sensory neurons have been extensively studied for their roles in interoception, the roles of the DRG sensory neurons in internal gut sensing are only beginning to be uncovered. Here, we review the recent advances in understanding the diverse properties and functions of gut-innervating DRG sensory neurons and highlight the many unknowns with regards to this understudied population in regulating interoception.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10999,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Neurobiology","volume":"90 ","pages":"Article 102973"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143074179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Zebrafish as a model to understand extraocular motor neuron diversity 斑马鱼作为了解眼外运动神经元多样性的模型。
IF 4.8 2区 医学
Current Opinion in Neurobiology Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2024.102964
Celine Bellegarda, Franziska Auer, David Schoppik
{"title":"Zebrafish as a model to understand extraocular motor neuron diversity","authors":"Celine Bellegarda,&nbsp;Franziska Auer,&nbsp;David Schoppik","doi":"10.1016/j.conb.2024.102964","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conb.2024.102964","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Motor neurons have highly diverse anatomical, functional and molecular features, and differ significantly in their susceptibility in disease. Extraocular motor neurons, residing in the oculomotor, trochlear and abducens cranial nuclei (nIII, nIV and nVI), control eye movements. Recent work has begun to clarify the developmental mechanisms by which functional diversity among extraocular motor neurons arises. However, we know little about the role and consequences of extraocular motor neuron diversity in eye movement control. Here, we highlight recent work investigating the anatomical, functional and molecular features of extraocular motor neurons. Further, we frame hypotheses where studying ocular motor circuits in the larval zebrafish is poised to illuminate the consequences of motor neuron diversity for behavior.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10999,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Neurobiology","volume":"90 ","pages":"Article 102964"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142909405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Neural pathways of nausea and roles in energy balance 恶心的神经通路及其在能量平衡中的作用。
IF 4.8 2区 医学
Current Opinion in Neurobiology Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2024.102963
Chuchu Zhang
{"title":"Neural pathways of nausea and roles in energy balance","authors":"Chuchu Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.conb.2024.102963","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conb.2024.102963","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Our internal sensory systems encode various gut-related sensations, such as hunger, feelings of fullness, and nausea. These internal feelings influence our eating behaviors and play a vital role in regulating energy balance. Among them, the neurological basis for nausea has been the least well characterized, which has hindered comprehension of the connection between these sensations. Single-cell sequencing, along with functional mapping, has brought clarity to the neural pathways of nausea involving the brainstem area postrema. In addition, the newly discovered nausea sensory signals have deepened our understanding of the area postrema in regulating feeding behaviors. Nausea has significant clinical implications, especially in developing drugs for weight loss and metabolism. This review summarizes recent research on the neural pathways of nausea, particularly highlighting their contribution to energy balance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10999,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Neurobiology","volume":"90 ","pages":"Article 102963"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143001714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The multifunctionality of the brainstem breathing control circuit 脑干呼吸控制电路的多功能性。
IF 4.8 2区 医学
Current Opinion in Neurobiology Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2025.102974
Kevin Yackle , Jeehaeh Do
{"title":"The multifunctionality of the brainstem breathing control circuit","authors":"Kevin Yackle ,&nbsp;Jeehaeh Do","doi":"10.1016/j.conb.2025.102974","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conb.2025.102974","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Subconscious breathing is generated by a network of brainstem nodes with varying purposes, like pacing breathing or patterning a certain breath phase. Decades of anatomy, pharmacology, and physiology studies have identified and characterized the system’s fundamental properties that produce robust breathing, and we now have well-conceived computational models of breathing that are based on the detailed descriptions of neuronal connectivity, biophysical properties, and functions in breathing. In total, we have a considerable understanding of the brainstem breathing control circuit. But, in the last five years, the utilization of molecular and genetic approaches to study the neural subtypes within each node has led to a new era of breathing control circuit research that explains how breathing is integrated with more complex behaviors like speaking and running and how breathing is connected with other physiological systems and our state-of-mind. This review will describe the basic role of the key components of the brainstem breathing control circuit and then will highlight the new transformative discoveries that broaden our understanding of these breathing control brain areas. These new studies serve to illustrate the creativity and exciting future of breathing control research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10999,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Neurobiology","volume":"90 ","pages":"Article 102974"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143064393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
CAMK2; four genes, one syndrome? Delineation of genotype–phenotype correlations CAMK2;四种基因，一种综合症？描述基因型-表型相关性。
IF 4.8 2区 医学
Current Opinion in Neurobiology Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2024.102935
Joshua S. Cheung , Geeske M. van Woerden , Danielle C.M. Veenma
{"title":"CAMK2; four genes, one syndrome? Delineation of genotype–phenotype correlations","authors":"Joshua S. Cheung ,&nbsp;Geeske M. van Woerden ,&nbsp;Danielle C.M. Veenma","doi":"10.1016/j.conb.2024.102935","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conb.2024.102935","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Neurodevelopmental disorders are a heterogenous group of brain disorders impacting cognitive, adaptive, motor, and speech language development. With advancements in diagnostics an increasing number of causative genes are discovered, including synaptic genes. The calcium calmodulin dependent protein kinase type 2 (CAMK2) family is the most abundant kinase family in the synapse and has recently been established to cause NDD, with a growing number of unrelated NDD-individuals who carry pathogenic variations in one of the four <em>CAMK2</em> genes. However, there is still much to learn about the specific phenotypic manifestations per CAMK2 paralog and per variant type, including the mechanism of how variants in these genes impact CAMK2 protein and synaptic functioning, and result in neurodevelopmental disorders. This review provides an overview of all CAMK2 cases published to date and reveals first genotype–phenotype correlations that can serve as a starting point to explain CAMK2 related symptoms, offering direction for future research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10999,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Neurobiology","volume":"90 ","pages":"Article 102935"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142779606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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