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Current Opinion in Neurobiology最新文献

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NMDAR dysfunction in autism spectrum disorders: Lessons learned from 10 years of study
IF 4.8 2区 医学
Current Opinion in Neurobiology Pub Date : 2025-04-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2025.103023
Soowon Lee , Heera Moon , Eunjoon Kim
{"title":"NMDAR dysfunction in autism spectrum disorders: Lessons learned from 10 years of study","authors":"Soowon Lee ,&nbsp;Heera Moon ,&nbsp;Eunjoon Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.conb.2025.103023","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conb.2025.103023","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Over the past decade or so, mouse models of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) have been extensively studied in the search for key mechanisms underlying the disorder. Numerous intriguing mechanisms have been proposed, spanning various levels of the neural system, including molecular, synaptic, neuronal, circuit, and systems-level processes. However, no single mechanism has emerged as universally applicable, highlighting the heterogeneous nature of the genetic and neurobiological underpinnings of ASD. Among these, the NMDA receptor (NMDAR) dysfunction hypothesis has garnered significant attention. Many mouse models exhibit NMDAR dysfunction, with NMDAR hypofunction appearing more prevalent than hyperfunction. Nevertheless, not all mouse models display this dysfunction, suggesting that NMDAR abnormalities may not be ubiquitous across models, or that we have yet to fully explore the spectrum of NMDAR-related dysfunction in ASD. These findings underscore the need to consider multiple factors when studying ASD mouse models, including different mutations within the same gene, gene deletion dosage, genetic background, sex, age, brain regions, cell types, and neural circuits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10999,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Neurobiology","volume":"92 ","pages":"Article 103023"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143828614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Interoceptive processing in the nucleus of the solitary tract
IF 4.8 2区 医学
Current Opinion in Neurobiology Pub Date : 2025-04-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2025.103021
Tianxiao X. Huang, Shiqi Wang, Chen Ran
{"title":"Interoceptive processing in the nucleus of the solitary tract","authors":"Tianxiao X. Huang,&nbsp;Shiqi Wang,&nbsp;Chen Ran","doi":"10.1016/j.conb.2025.103021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conb.2025.103021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The interoceptive nervous system continuously monitors the status of visceral organs to synthesize internal perceptions and regulate behavioral and physiological responses. The nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) in the brainstem serves as a central interoceptive hub and the initial site where sensory information from internal organs is processed in the brain. Here we review the neurobiological underpinnings of interoceptive processing in the NTS, focusing on recent progress enabled by modern genetic and optical tools for neural circuit dissection and neuronal recordings. Sensory information from internal organs is organized into a topographic map within the NTS, computed locally, modulated by descending inputs from higher brain regions, and distributed to downstream targets via projection neurons to control behavior and physiology. We present a sensory processing perspective on interoceptive coding within this brain structure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10999,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Neurobiology","volume":"93 ","pages":"Article 103021"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143828354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The visual evoked potential is a sensitive and powerful measure of experience-dependent visual cortical plasticity in mice
IF 4.8 2区 医学
Current Opinion in Neurobiology Pub Date : 2025-04-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2025.103019
Jeffrey P. Gavornik , Mark F. Bear
{"title":"The visual evoked potential is a sensitive and powerful measure of experience-dependent visual cortical plasticity in mice","authors":"Jeffrey P. Gavornik ,&nbsp;Mark F. Bear","doi":"10.1016/j.conb.2025.103019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conb.2025.103019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite the explosion of high-tech methods to measure activity in the mouse visual cortex, the venerable visually evoked potential (VEP) continues to prove its worth as a sensitive measure of experience-dependent cortical plasticity. The VEP recorded in layer 4 is a good estimate of the strength of feedforward synaptic excitation, and changes in amplitude correspond closely to changes in the peak firing rate of principal cells. Chronic recording of VEPs in awake mice have enabled longitudinal study of modifications induced by selective visual experience or deprivation, and these have revealed several novel forms of plasticity. The VEP provides a good estimate of spatial acuity that compares well with values obtained by behavioral approaches. Furthermore, recordings of the local field potential through the same electrodes reveal changes in oscillatory activity that reflect differential recruitment of inhibitory networks. Thus, the VEP remains a powerful tool for the study of visual cortical plasticity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10999,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Neurobiology","volume":"93 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143820344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Cellular interplay in brain organoids: Connecting cell-autonomous and non-cell-autonomous mechanisms in neurodevelopmental disease
IF 4.8 2区 医学
Current Opinion in Neurobiology Pub Date : 2025-04-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2025.103018
Giovanna Berto , M. Veronica Pravata , Silvia Cappello
{"title":"Cellular interplay in brain organoids: Connecting cell-autonomous and non-cell-autonomous mechanisms in neurodevelopmental disease","authors":"Giovanna Berto ,&nbsp;M. Veronica Pravata ,&nbsp;Silvia Cappello","doi":"10.1016/j.conb.2025.103018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conb.2025.103018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The field of brain organoids has experienced a period of rapid and transformative growth, enabling researchers to investigate complex human biological mechanisms that were previously deemed intractable. This review provides an overview of the current landscape of brain organoids, with a particular focus on their relevance in the context of neurodevelopmental disorders. It also emphasizes the crucial role these models play in elucidating both cell-autonomous and non-cell-autonomous mechanisms. We describe how these two mechanisms, often considered to be independent, are intricately interconnected. In conclusion, this review aims to highlight how the utilization of brain organoids has considerably advanced our comprehension of neurodevelopmental disorders, while also delineating prospective avenues for investigating these complex conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10999,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Neurobiology","volume":"92 ","pages":"Article 103018"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143815721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Tricking our brains to learn and remember; is all learning incidental?
IF 4.8 2区 医学
Current Opinion in Neurobiology Pub Date : 2025-04-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2025.103020
Aaron R. Seitz
{"title":"Tricking our brains to learn and remember; is all learning incidental?","authors":"Aaron R. Seitz","doi":"10.1016/j.conb.2025.103020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conb.2025.103020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Do we choose what we learn? On the contrary, research suggests that much of learning is incidental. The present article reviews frameworks of incidental statistical and perceptual learning and discusses implications of these frameworks to memory. This research supports the premise that much of what we know is shaped by statistical regularities in the environment, how our attention is directed, and what reinforcement we receive from successes and failures. This incidental learning shapes what we perceive and what we remember. This idea that we don’t control when and what we learn, instead we at best trick our brain into states that will lead to desired learning outcomes, has important implications both to individuals and society.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10999,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Neurobiology","volume":"93 ","pages":"Article 103020"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143808619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Novel insights into the regulation of neuron migration by axon guidance proteins
IF 4.8 2区 医学
Current Opinion in Neurobiology Pub Date : 2025-04-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2025.103012
Eljo Y. van Battum, Marleen H. van den Munkhof, R. Jeroen Pasterkamp
{"title":"Novel insights into the regulation of neuron migration by axon guidance proteins","authors":"Eljo Y. van Battum,&nbsp;Marleen H. van den Munkhof,&nbsp;R. Jeroen Pasterkamp","doi":"10.1016/j.conb.2025.103012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conb.2025.103012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Neural circuit development requires precisely coordinated guidance of migrating neurons to their targets within the nervous system. A diverse array of molecular cues has been implicated in neuron migration, including signals originally identified for their ability to dictate the trajectories of growing axons, i.e. axon guidance proteins. These proteins are now known to have pleiotropic effects affecting different stages of neuron migration, from promoting cell mobility to acting as stop signals. In this review, we discuss recent advances in our understanding of how canonical axon guidance proteins influence migrating neurons with a particular focus on recent insights into how neuron migration is controlled in the GnRH system and cortex, and the multifunctional role of Netrin-1. At the molecular level, tight control of receptor expression and crosstalk, and interactions with the extracellular matrix have recently been implicated in neuron migration control.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10999,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Neurobiology","volume":"92 ","pages":"Article 103012"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143768271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Body fluid regulation
IF 4.8 2区 医学
Current Opinion in Neurobiology Pub Date : 2025-04-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2025.103017
Yameng Zhang, Yuki Oka
{"title":"Body fluid regulation","authors":"Yameng Zhang,&nbsp;Yuki Oka","doi":"10.1016/j.conb.2025.103017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conb.2025.103017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Maintaining the fluid balance requires complex crosstalk within the neural circuits and endocrine systems through the brain-body axis. Previous research focused on the thirst-driving pathways in the brain. Recent studies have shed more light on the role of postingestive feed-forward modulation mediated by peripheral signals. Advances in technology have unveiled the genetic profiles of the underlying circuits, enabling more precise interventions in future translational research. Despite the prevalence of fluid balance dysregulation in modern life, its health relevance remains underappreciated. In this review, we summarize the recent major findings in the field and describe common fluid-related disorders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10999,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Neurobiology","volume":"92 ","pages":"Article 103017"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143748198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Oxytocin and autism: Insights from clinical trials and animal models
IF 4.8 2区 医学
Current Opinion in Neurobiology Pub Date : 2025-03-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2025.103015
Chuan Xing , Xiang Yu
{"title":"Oxytocin and autism: Insights from clinical trials and animal models","authors":"Chuan Xing ,&nbsp;Xiang Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.conb.2025.103015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conb.2025.103015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Autism spectrum disorder is a highly heritable and heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorder, characterized by impaired social interactions and repetitive behaviors. Despite its complex etiology, increasing evidence has linked autism to the oxytocin system. The oxytocin peptide has long been known as the “social hormone,” and has been shown to increase attention to social cues, elevate salience of socially relevant stimuli, and increase learning and reward in social situations. Reduced oxytocin levels and mutations in the oxytocin system have been reported in autism patients, while exogenously delivered oxytocin has been shown to alleviate social interaction deficits in both patients and animal models. Here, we summarize the results of recent clinical trials using oxytocin nasal spray to treat individuals with autism, as well as studies of autism animal models with oxytocin system deficits, and the rescue of their social behavior deficits by oxytocin. Finally, we discuss factors influencing clinical outcomes and reflect on future directions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10999,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Neurobiology","volume":"92 ","pages":"Article 103015"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143715746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Centrosomal and acentrosomal microtubule nucleation during neuronal development
IF 4.8 2区 医学
Current Opinion in Neurobiology Pub Date : 2025-03-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2025.103016
Stanislav Vinopal , Frank Bradke
{"title":"Centrosomal and acentrosomal microtubule nucleation during neuronal development","authors":"Stanislav Vinopal ,&nbsp;Frank Bradke","doi":"10.1016/j.conb.2025.103016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conb.2025.103016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Neurons rely on the microtubule cytoskeleton to create and maintain their sophisticated cellular architectures. Advances in cryogenic electron microscopy, expansion microscopy, live imaging, and gene editing have enabled novel insights into mechanisms of centrosomal and acentrosomal microtubule nucleation, the key process generating new microtubules. This has paved the way for the functional dissection of distinct microtubule networks that regulate various processes during neuronal development, including neuronal delamination, polarization, migration, maturation, and synapse function. We review recent progress in understanding the molecular concepts of microtubule nucleation, how these concepts underlie neurodevelopmental processes, and pinpoint the open questions. Since microtubules play a pivotal role in axon regeneration within the adult central nervous system, understanding the processes of microtubule nucleation could inform strategies to enhance the regenerative capabilities of neurons in the future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10999,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Neurobiology","volume":"92 ","pages":"Article 103016"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143697197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Bioengineering tools for next-generation neural organoids
IF 4.8 2区 医学
Current Opinion in Neurobiology Pub Date : 2025-03-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2025.103011
Richard O'Laughlin , Fangyi Cheng , Hongjun Song , Guo-li Ming
{"title":"Bioengineering tools for next-generation neural organoids","authors":"Richard O'Laughlin ,&nbsp;Fangyi Cheng ,&nbsp;Hongjun Song ,&nbsp;Guo-li Ming","doi":"10.1016/j.conb.2025.103011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conb.2025.103011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Human stem cell–derived neural organoids were recently introduced as powerful <em>in vitro</em> 3D experimental model systems that innately undergo critical steps of organogenesis in culture and exhibit molecular, cellular, and structural features similar to the fetal human nervous system. These organoids have yielded new insights into human neurodevelopment and associated disorders. However, neural organoids have some crucial limitations that arise from the loosely controlled conditions for their development, an inability to maintain their spatial orientation in culture and a lack of technologies for taking long-term measurements on their morphology and electrical activity. Here, we review recent progress in using bioengineering methods to improve neural organoid formation and analysis by leveraging microfabrication, biomaterials, 3D printing, and flexible electrodes. We discuss how the applications of each technique can help to address critical limitations with standard neural organoid models. We conclude with a perspective on future applications of bioengineered next-generation neural organoids.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10999,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Neurobiology","volume":"92 ","pages":"Article 103011"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143680907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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