Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care最新文献_第8页

Impact of iodine supply in infancy and childhood. 婴幼儿时期碘供应的影响。

IF 3.1 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-27 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001036

Dominique Turck

{"title":"Impact of iodine supply in infancy and childhood.","authors":"Dominique Turck","doi":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001036","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001036","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: To assess the most relevant articles on the impact of iodine supply in at-risk populations, namely infants and young children, pregnant and lactating women.Recent findings: The 2022 Iodine Global Network Annual Report confirmed the dramatic decrease of severe iodine deficiency over the last 30 years, thanks to universal iodine iodization. However, mild to moderate deficiency is still present in many countries, where recent data showed a decrease of iodine intake and an impairment of iodine status. Unfortunately, there is yet no validated biomarker to classify the iodine status at the individual level. Available data show that there is no clear evidence to link mild-to-moderate iodine deficiency to adverse health outcomes in pregnant and lactating women as well as in infants and children. The description of a negative impact of maternal iodine excess on neurodevelopment of infants is of concern.Summary: Optimization of salt iodization (e.g. careful increase in iodine concentration in salt, use by food industry in processed foods) combined with targeted, personalized supplementation under medical supervision if needed (e.g. low intake of iodine rich foods, vegan diet) seems currently preferable to blanket supplementation.","PeriodicalId":10962,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care","volume":" ","pages":"259-265"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140317955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The use of machine learning in paediatric nutrition. 机器学习在儿科营养学中的应用。

IF 3.1 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-31 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001018

Aneurin Young, Mark J Johnson, R Mark Beattie

{"title":"The use of machine learning in paediatric nutrition.","authors":"Aneurin Young, Mark J Johnson, R Mark Beattie","doi":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001018","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001018","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: In recent years, there has been a burgeoning interest in using machine learning methods. This has been accompanied by an expansion in the availability and ease of use of machine learning tools and an increase in the number of large, complex datasets which are suited to machine learning approaches. This review summarizes recent work in the field and sets expectations for its impact in the future.Recent findings: Much work has focused on establishing good practices and ethical frameworks to guide the use of machine learning in research. Machine learning has an established role in identifying features in 'omics' research and is emerging as a tool to generate predictive models to identify people at risk of disease and patients at risk of complications. They have been used to identify risks for malnutrition and obesity. Machine learning techniques have also been used to develop smartphone apps to track behaviour and provide healthcare advice.Summary: Machine learning techniques are reaching maturity and their impact on observational data analysis and behaviour change will come to fruition in the next 5 years. A set of standards and best practices are emerging and should be implemented by researchers and publishers.","PeriodicalId":10962,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care","volume":" ","pages":"290-296"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139641748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Microbiome and its impact on fetal and neonatal brain development: current opinion in pediatrics. 微生物组及其对胎儿和新生儿大脑发育的影响：儿科学的最新观点。

IF 3.1 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-12 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001028

Nina M Frerichs, Tim G J de Meij, Hendrik J Niemarkt

{"title":"Microbiome and its impact on fetal and neonatal brain development: current opinion in pediatrics.","authors":"Nina M Frerichs, Tim G J de Meij, Hendrik J Niemarkt","doi":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001028","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001028","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Emerging evidence suggests that the gut microbiota and its metabolites regulate neurodevelopment and cognitive functioning via a bi-directional communication system known as the microbiota-gut-brain axis (MGBA).Recent findings: The MGBA influences brain development and function via the hypothalamic-pituitary axis, the vagal nerve, immune signaling, bacterial production of neurotransmitters, and microbial metabolites like short-chain fatty acids, tryptophan derivatives, and bile acids. Animal studies show fetal neurodevelopment is mediated by maternal microbiota derivatives, immune activation, and diet. Furthermore, manipulation of the microbiota during critical windows of development, like antibiotic exposure and fecal microbiota transplantation, can affect cognitive functioning and behavior in mice. Evidence from human studies, particularly in preterm infants, also suggests that a disrupted gut microbiota colonization may negatively affect neurodevelopment. Early microbial signatures were linked to favorable and adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes.Summary: The link between the gut microbiota and the brain is evident. Future studies, including experimental studies, larger participant cohort studies with longitudinal analyses of microbes, their metabolites, and neurotransmitters, and randomized controlled trials are warranted to further elucidate the mechanisms of the MGBA. Identification of early, predictive microbial markers could pave the way for the development of novel early microbiota-based intervention strategies, such as targeted probiotics, and vaginal or fecal microbiota transplantation, aimed at improving infant neurodevelopment.","PeriodicalId":10962,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care","volume":" ","pages":"297-303"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10990016/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140130997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Micronutrient deficiency and supplements in schoolchildren and teenagers. 学龄儿童和青少年的微量营养素缺乏症和补充剂。

IF 3.1 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-08 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001027

Mette M Berger, Alan Shenkin

{"title":"Micronutrient deficiency and supplements in schoolchildren and teenagers.","authors":"Mette M Berger, Alan Shenkin","doi":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001027","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001027","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: The essential micronutrients are corner stones in the functional and physical development. Early deficiency has life-long consequences. While awareness about iron deficiency is relatively high, it remains lower for other micronutrients. This review aims at reporting on recent data and attracting attention to the high prevalence of micronutrient deficiencies in school-age and adolescent individuals.Recent findings: Iron deficiency anaemia remains highly prevalent worldwide and the most frequent deficiency but can be corrected with simple tools ranging from food fortification, nutritional intervention, and to supplements. The link between micronutrient (MN) deficiency and neurobehavioral disorders is increasingly established and is worrying even in Western countries. Paediatric individuals are prone to imbalanced diets and picky eating behaviour, and their diets may then become incomplete: the highest risk for deficiency is observed for iron, zinc and vitamin D.Summary: There is not much new information, but rather confirmation of the importance of health policies. Well conducted randomized controlled trials confirm that deficiencies can be corrected efficiently including with food fortification, and result in clinical benefits. Individual complementation should be considered in children and adolescents with proven deficiency.","PeriodicalId":10962,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care","volume":" ","pages":"266-274"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140093607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evidence on docosahexaenoic acid and arachidonic acid supplementation for preterm infants. 早产儿补充二十二碳六烯酸和花生四烯酸的证据。

IF 3.1 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-15 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001035

Alexandre Lapillonne, Chiara Lembo, Sissel J Moltu

{"title":"Evidence on docosahexaenoic acid and arachidonic acid supplementation for preterm infants.","authors":"Alexandre Lapillonne, Chiara Lembo, Sissel J Moltu","doi":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001035","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001035","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: For many decades, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) supplementation was tested in premature infants to achieve an intake equivalent to the average level in breast milk, but this approach has led to conflicting results in terms of development and health outcomes. Higher doses of DHA closer to fetal accumulation may be needed.Recent findings: The efficacy of DHA supplementation for preterm infants at a dose equivalent to the estimated fetal accumulation rate is still under investigation, but this may be a promising approach, especially in conjunction with arachidonic acid supplementation. Current data suggest benefit for some outcomes, such as brain maturation, long-term cognitive function, and the prevention of retinopathy of prematurity. The possibility that supplementation with highly unsaturated oils increases the risk of neonatal morbidities should not be ruled out, but current meta-analyzes do not support a significant risk.Summary: The published literature supports a DHA intake in preterm infants that is closer to the fetal accumulation rate than the average breast milk content. Supplementation with DHA at this level in combination with arachidonic acid is currently being investigated and appears promising.","PeriodicalId":10962,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care","volume":" ","pages":"283-289"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140317954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Myoprotective whole foods, muscle health and sarcopenia in older adults. 老年人的肌保护性全食物、肌肉健康和肌肉疏松症。

IF 3.1 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-12 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001020

Antoneta Granic, Rachel Cooper, Sian M Robinson, Avan A Sayer

{"title":"Myoprotective whole foods, muscle health and sarcopenia in older adults.","authors":"Antoneta Granic, Rachel Cooper, Sian M Robinson, Avan A Sayer","doi":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001020","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001020","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Sarcopenia increases in prevalence at older ages and may be exacerbated by poor diet. Whole foods rich in specific nutrients may be myoprotective and mitigate the risk of sarcopenia. Here we review recent evidence published from observational and intervention studies regarding myoprotective foods and explore their benefit for the prevention and/or treatment of sarcopenia in older adults.Recent findings: We found limited new evidence for the role of whole foods in sarcopenia and sarcopenia components (muscle mass, strength, physical performance). There was some evidence for higher consumption of protein-rich foods (milk and dairy) being beneficial for muscle strength in observational and intervention studies. Higher consumption of antioxidant-rich foods (fruit and vegetables) was associated with better physical performance and lower odds of sarcopenia in observational studies. Evidence for other protein- and antioxidant-rich foods were inconsistent or lacking. There remains a clear need for intervention studies designed to identify the role of whole foods for the treatment of sarcopenia.Summary: Although evidence for myoprotective roles of dairy, fruit and vegetables is emerging from observational studies, higher level evidence from intervention studies is needed for these foods to be recommended in diets of older adults to prevent and/or treat sarcopenia.","PeriodicalId":10962,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care","volume":" ","pages":"244-251"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139930459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Beyond the reproductive tract: gut microbiome and its influence on gynecological health. 超越生殖道：肠道微生物群及其对妇科健康的影响。

IF 3.1 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2024-04-09 DOI: 10.1097/gco.0000000000000952

Inmaculada Pérez-Prieto, Aida Rodríguez-Santisteban, Signe Altmäe

引用次数: 0

Beyond the reproductive tract: gut microbiome and its influence on gynecological health. 超越生殖道：肠道微生物群及其对妇科健康的影响。

IF 3.1 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2024-04-08 DOI: 10.1097/01.gco.0001016536.06312.72

Inmaculada Pérez-Prieto, Aida Rodríguez-Santisteban, Signe Altmäe

引用次数: 0

Editorial: Quantitative and qualitative aspects of lipids and lipoproteins in health and disease: nutrition, physiology and genetics. 社论：脂质和脂蛋白在健康和疾病中的定量和定性方面：营养学、生理学和遗传学。

IF 3.1 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-08 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001015

Philip C Calder, Gerald F Watts

引用次数: 0

Editorial: The interaction between protein delivery and blood urea and ammonia during critical illness. 社论：危重病期间蛋白质输送与血尿素和血氨之间的相互作用。

IF 3 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-08 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001016

Adam M Deane, Michael P Casaer

引用次数: 0