Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care最新文献_第10页

Cognition and nutrition: the role of dietary protein and amino acids in cognitive health. 认知与营养：膳食蛋白质和氨基酸在认知健康中的作用。

IF 3.1 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-18 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000000987

Kenji Nagao

{"title":"Cognition and nutrition: the role of dietary protein and amino acids in cognitive health.","authors":"Kenji Nagao","doi":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000000987","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000000987","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: This review underscores recent advancements in the role of protein and amino acid nutrition on cognitive health. Given the escalating prevalence of neurodegenerative disorders, particularly Alzheimer's disease, it is essential to understand nonpharmaceutical interventions that could potentially counteract their development and progression.Recent findings: Emerging research indicates that moderate protein intake may offer protective benefits against dementia. Studies also emphasize the importance of considering not just the quantity, but also the quality and source of dietary protein. The role of essential amino acids in nutrition is gaining attention in the field of cognitive health. Moreover, plasma-free amino acid concentrations, particularly branched-chain amino acids, are being explored as potential biomarkers for cognitive health and Alzheimer's disease. Mechanistic studies suggest that proteins and amino acids help maintain neuronal integrity, reduce inflammation, and support muscle retention, all essential factors for cognitive health.Summary: Recent findings emphasize the complex relationship between protein, amino acids, and cognitive health, highlighting the potential of dietary interventions in warding off neurodegenerative diseases. Given the observational nature of these findings, further interventional and longitudinal studies are needed to ascertain causality and elucidate the mechanisms involved.","PeriodicalId":10962,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care","volume":" ","pages":"40-46"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49689194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nutritional therapy in chronic wound management for older adults. 老年人慢性伤口管理中的营养治疗。

IF 3.1 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-02 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000000990

Emanuele Cereda, Nicola Veronese, Riccardo Caccialanza

{"title":"Nutritional therapy in chronic wound management for older adults.","authors":"Emanuele Cereda, Nicola Veronese, Riccardo Caccialanza","doi":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000000990","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000000990","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: We provided an updated overview of recent data on the value of nutritional therapy in the management of chronic wounds in older adults.Recent findings: In the last years, advances in this area were limited, but new data suggest considering nutritional care (screening and assessment of malnutrition and nutritional interventions) also in patients with chronic wounds other than pressure ulcers, namely venous leg and diabetic foot ulcers, as in these patients, nutritional derangements can be present despite overweight/obesity and their management is beneficial.Summary: Chronic wounds are wounds in which the process of repair does not progress normally due to a disruption in one or more of the healing phases. Nutritional therapy is aimed at recovering the process of repair. General principles of nutritional care in geriatrics apply to these patients but disease-specific recommendations are available, particularly for pressure ulcers. Interventions should address nutritional status, comorbidities, hydration and should provide key nutrients playing an active role in the healing process (arginine, zinc, and antioxidants) but always within the context of an individual care plan addressing patients requirements, particularly protein needs. Further evidence of efficacy in vascular and diabetic foot ulcers is warranted.","PeriodicalId":10962,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care","volume":" ","pages":"3-8"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71434063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Protein status in relation to linear growth faltering and environmental enteropathy. 蛋白质状态与线性生长迟缓和环境肠病的关系。

IF 3.1 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000000989

Nirupama Shivakumar, Paul Kelly

{"title":"Protein status in relation to linear growth faltering and environmental enteropathy.","authors":"Nirupama Shivakumar, Paul Kelly","doi":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000000989","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000000989","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Children with linear growth faltering refractory to nutritional management show evidence of environmental enteropathy, which may compromise nutrient availability. Protein could be particularly affected, due to the possibility of sub-optimal digestibility and/or increase in requirement for immune response. This increase in protein requirement along with poor intake could potentially lead to increased breakdown of body protein sources and in turn a depleted protein state. The present review focuses on protein status in children at risk of linear growth faltering and environmental enteropathy. One pig study is also presented.Recent findings: There is consistent evidence of low circulating essential and conditionally essential amino acids, in children. One study showed no difference in protein synthesis/breakdown, and fat free mass (FFM) in children at risk of linear growth faltering and environmental enteropathy. Weanling pigs exposed to nutrient deprivation showed a decrease in plasma albumin, with a slower rate of weight and length accretion, and a lower FFM.Summary: These findings emphasize the need for improving intake of high-quality protein in children living in regions with a high prevalence of environmental enteropathy, with careful studies of the effect on growth rate and protein status.","PeriodicalId":10962,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care","volume":" ","pages":"55-60"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71434064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Glutamate and obesity - what is the link? 谷氨酸和肥胖之间有什么联系？

IF 3.1 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-08 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000000991

Lila Chaouche, Félix Marcotte, Ina Maltais-Payette, André Tchernof

{"title":"Glutamate and obesity - what is the link?","authors":"Lila Chaouche, Félix Marcotte, Ina Maltais-Payette, André Tchernof","doi":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000000991","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000000991","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Many studies using metabolomics have tried to unravel the metabolic signature of obesity and understand the pathophysiology of this complex and heterogeneous disease. Circulating levels of the amino acid glutamate have been consistently associated with obesity and more specifically with measurements of abdominal fat accumulation. The purpose of this narrative review is to highlight recent studies documenting this association.Recent findings: Circulating glutamate concentrations have been positively correlated with measurements of central fat accumulation such as waist circumference and visceral adipose tissue area. Moreover, elevated glutamate levels have been linked to a higher prevalence of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. The association with adiposity is detected in early life, and genetic predisposition does not appear as a major driver. Glutamate levels reflect in vivo synthesis rather than dietary intake. However, interventions generating metabolic improvements such as incretin receptor agonist treatment or dietary improvements may reduce plasma levels of this amino acid.Summary: Recent findings confirm the consistent association between circulating glutamate and abdominal obesity and its cardiometabolic complications. The pathophysiological pathways underlying this phenomenon are still unclear. Furthermore, studies are needed to establish the usefulness of this analyte as a biomarker of abdominal obesity.","PeriodicalId":10962,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care","volume":" ","pages":"70-76"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71479222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Amino acid kinetics in the critically ill. 危重病人的氨基酸动力学。

IF 3 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-23 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000000995

Nicolaas E P Deutz, Krista L Haines, Paul E Wischmeier, Mariëlle P K J Engelen

{"title":"Amino acid kinetics in the critically ill.","authors":"Nicolaas E P Deutz, Krista L Haines, Paul E Wischmeier, Mariëlle P K J Engelen","doi":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000000995","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000000995","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Stable isotope methods have been used for many years to assess whole body protein and amino acid kinetics in critically ill patients. In recent years, new isotope approaches and tracer insights have been developed. The tracer pulse approach has some advantages above the established primed-continuous tracer infusion approach because of the high amount of metabolic information obtained, easy applicability, and low tracer costs. Effects of disease severity and sex on amino acid kinetics in ICU patients will also be addressed.Recent findings: Current knowledge was synthesized on specific perturbations in amino acid metabolism in critically ill patients, employing novel methodologies such as the pulse tracer approach and computational modeling. Variations were evaluated in amino acid production and linked to severity of critical illness, as measured by SOFA score, and sex. Production of the branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), glutamine, tau-methylhistidine and hydroxyproline were elevated in critical illness, likely related to increased transamination of the individual BCAAs or increased breakdown of proteins. Citrulline production was reduced, indicative of impaired gut mucosa function. Sex and disease severity independently influenced amino acid kinetics in ICU patients.Summary: Novel tracer and computational approaches have been developed to simultaneously measure postabsorptive kinetics of multiple amino acids that can be used in critical illness. The collective findings lay the groundwork for targeted individualized nutritional strategies in ICU settings aimed at enhancing patient outcomes taking into account disease severity and sex.","PeriodicalId":10962,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care","volume":" ","pages":"61-69"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10841855/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138298620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Casein glycomacropeptide in phenylketonuria: does it bring clinical benefit? 苯丙酮尿症中的酪蛋白糖化肽：它能带来临床益处吗？

IF 3.1 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-14 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001000

Anne Daly, Fatma Ilgaz, Alex Pinto, Anita MacDonald

{"title":"Casein glycomacropeptide in phenylketonuria: does it bring clinical benefit?","authors":"Anne Daly, Fatma Ilgaz, Alex Pinto, Anita MacDonald","doi":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001000","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001000","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Casein glycomacropeptide (CGMP) is a milk-derived bioactive sialyated phosphorylated peptide with distinctive nutritional and nutraceutical properties, produced during the cheese making process. It comprises 20-25% of total protein in whey products. CGMP is low in phenylalanine (Phe) and provides an alternative to Phe-free amino acids as a source of protein equivalent for patients with phenylketonuria (PKU). The amino acid sequence of CGMP is adapted by adding the amino acids histidine, leucine, tyrosine, arginine and tryptophan to enable its suitability in PKU. CGMP has potential antibacterial, antioxidative, prebiotic, remineralizing, digestion /metabolism and immune-modulating properties. The aim of this review is to assess the evidence for the role of CGMP in the management of PKU.Recent findings: In PKU, there is no agreement concerning the amino acid composition of CGMP protein substitutes and consequently the nutritional composition varies between products. Although there is evidence in patients or animal models that CGMP has possible beneficial effects on gut microbiota and bone health, the results are inconclusive. Data on kinetic advantage is limited. Most studies report an increase in blood Phe levels with CGMP. Appropriate adaptations and reduction of dietary Phe intake should be made to compensate for the residual Phe content of CGMP, particularly in children. Data from short term studies indicate improved palatability of CGMP when compared to Phe-free amino acids.Summary: In PKU, CGMP with supplementary amino acids, offers a safe low Phe nitrogen source. Current scientific evidence is unconvincing about its bioactive advantage in PKU. Further longitudinal research is necessary.","PeriodicalId":10962,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care","volume":"27 1","pages":"31-39"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138799977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Lipoprotein(a) and calcific aortic valve disease: current evidence and future directions. 脂蛋白（a）与钙化性主动脉瓣疾病：现有证据与未来方向。

IF 3.1 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-08-28 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000000976

Nick S R Lan, Zahid Khan, Gerald F Watts

{"title":"Lipoprotein(a) and calcific aortic valve disease: current evidence and future directions.","authors":"Nick S R Lan, Zahid Khan, Gerald F Watts","doi":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000000976","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000000976","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD), the most common cause of aortic stenosis (AS), is characterized by slowly progressive fibrocalcific remodelling of the valve cusps. Once symptomatic, severe AS is associated with poor survival unless surgical or transcatheter valve replacement is performed. Unfortunately, no pharmacological interventions have been demonstrated to alter the natural history of CAVD. Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)], a low-density lipoprotein-like particle, has been implicated in the pathophysiology of CAVD.Recent findings: The mechanisms by which Lp(a) results in CAVD are not well understood. However, the oxidized phospholipids carried by Lp(a) are considered a crucial mediator of the disease process. An increasing number of studies demonstrate a causal association between plasma Lp(a) levels and frequency of AS and need for aortic valve replacement, which is independent of inflammation, as measured by plasma C-reactive protein levels. However, not all studies show an association between Lp(a) and increased progression of calcification in individuals with established CAVD.Summary: Epidemiologic, genetic, and Mendelian randomization studies have collectively suggested that Lp(a) is a causal risk factor for CAVD. Whether Lp(a)-lowering can prevent initiation or slow progression of CAVD remains to be demonstrated.","PeriodicalId":10962,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care","volume":" ","pages":"77-86"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10477435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Composition of healthy diets for older persons. 老年人健康饮食的构成。

IF 3.1 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-07-31 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000000972

Suey S Y Yeung, Michelle Kwan, Jean Woo

{"title":"Composition of healthy diets for older persons.","authors":"Suey S Y Yeung, Michelle Kwan, Jean Woo","doi":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000000972","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000000972","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: This study aims to review recent evidence (2022-2023) on the role of diet in promoting healthy aging in older adults.Recent findings: Current evidence of diet and healthy aging is limited to epidemiological studies. A healthy diet is beneficial for individual domains of intrinsic capacity, that is, cognition, locomotion, vitality, psychological, and/or sensory functions, with sex-specific differences reported. Only a few studies used the multidimensional concept of intrinsic capacity as an outcome. This review supports that a healthy diet for older adults consists of plenty of plant-based foods, adequate protein-rich foods, and healthy fats. Next to quantity, improving the quality and variety within food groups play a role in optimizing health. Data on the associations between adherence to national food-based dietary guidelines and intrinsic capacity are scarce.Summary: A healthy diet, centered on plant-based foods, adequate protein-rich foods and healthy fats, potentially promotes healthy aging. Future studies may evaluate the association between adherence to healthy dietary patterns (particularly national food-based dietary guidelines) and the multidimensional concept of intrinsic capacity, with consideration of sex-specific differences. Clinical trials are warranted to inform the causal effects of diet and outcomes related to intrinsic capacity.","PeriodicalId":10962,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care","volume":" ","pages":"17-23"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9889289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Preexercise and postexercise nutrition in older persons: what to eat and when to eat it? 老年人运动前和运动后的营养：吃什么，什么时候吃？

IF 3.1 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-14 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001001

Stéphane Walrand, Jürgen M Bauer

引用次数: 0

The role of nutrition in the prevention of cognitive decline. 营养在预防认知能力下降中的作用。

IF 3.1 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-25 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001002

Judith Charbit, Jean Sébastien Vidal, Olivier Hanon

{"title":"The role of nutrition in the prevention of cognitive decline.","authors":"Judith Charbit, Jean Sébastien Vidal, Olivier Hanon","doi":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001002","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001002","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Dementia is a growing concern and underscores the urgent need for effective preventive measures targeting modifiable risk factors. Nutrition is a key player in the onset and progression of inflammation and cognitive decline. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the effects of different dietary patterns, vitamins and nutrients for preventing cognitive decline, mainly among healthy individuals and those with mild cognitive impairment.Recent findings: The Mediterranean diet, omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and B vitamins are the most investigated, with evidence supporting protection against cognitive decline among older adults varying across studies. More recent interventions examined in this review, such as MIND Diet, are promising with positive results, but further research is needed to conclusively establish their efficacy. It is also crucial to consider complete lifestyle as physical activity for preventing cognitive decline.Summary: Definitive conclusions are difficult to draw. Future studies should adopt a comprehensive approach and focus on multinutrient strategies and whole diets.","PeriodicalId":10962,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care","volume":" ","pages":"9-16"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138433530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0