Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care最新文献

Functional impact of nutrition in childhood. 营养对儿童功能的影响。

IF 3 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2025-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-03 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001124

Berthold V Koletzko, Raanan Shamir

引用次数: 0

Can exercise reduce fatigue in people living with kidney disease? 运动能减轻肾病患者的疲劳吗？

IF 3 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2025-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-24 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001113

Thomas J Wilkinson, Lisa Ancliffe, Jamie H Macdonald

{"title":"Can exercise reduce fatigue in people living with kidney disease?","authors":"Thomas J Wilkinson, Lisa Ancliffe, Jamie H Macdonald","doi":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001113","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001113","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: In people living with kidney disease (KD) Fatigue is a whole-body tiredness that is not related to activity or exertion. Often self-reported, fatigue is a common and highly burdensome symptom, yet poorly defined and understood. While its mechanisms are complex, many fatigue-related factors may be altered by exercise and physical activity intervention. Thus, this review aims to review the latest research on exercise in reducing fatigue in people living with KD.Recent findings: The benefits of exercise in KD are well known, yet recent data from clinical trials on fatigue are scarce. Favourable effects on fatigue were found through a myriad of physical activity and exercise-based interventions, including using exercise-based video games, exercise during dialysis, nurse-led exercise programs, and home-based exercise delivered by a novel digital health intervention. Yet, whilst the handful of recent trials show positive efficacy on fatigue across the spectrum of KD, contemporary exercise-based research was impacted critically by COVID-19, and the field is limited by underpowered trials and heterogeneity of assessment tools.Summary: Fatigue remains, at best, a secondary outcome measure in trials despite it being the most commonly reported symptom in KD. Given its importance to the people it impacts most, better quality evidence is needed to fully understand and optimize the impact of exercise in this group.","PeriodicalId":10962,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care","volume":" ","pages":"200-207"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143058363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Iron deficiency in infants and children - the current research challenges. 婴幼儿缺铁——当前研究的挑战。

IF 3 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2025-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-29 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001120

Anna Chmielewska, Magnus Domellöf

{"title":"Iron deficiency in infants and children - the current research challenges.","authors":"Anna Chmielewska, Magnus Domellöf","doi":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001120","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001120","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Iron deficiency (ID) affects one in five children before they reach preschool age. Existing evidence on ID contributing to suboptimal development and neurodevelopmental disorders come mostly from mechanistic and observational studies. Recommendations for screening and treatment are diverging, emphasizing the knowledge gap. The purpose of this review is to summarize recent evidence on ID in infants and children, its possible role in developmental disorders, and effects of iron supplementation.Recent findings: Recent well powered randomized controlled trials showed no effect of early iron supplementation on psychomotor development in infants, neither in populations at high nor low risk of ID. Treatment of nonanemic ID in children 1-3 years did not improve their cognitive scores. Evidence from observational and imaging studies suggests association of brain ID and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children (ADHD).Summary: Universal prophylactic iron supplementation in infants is not supported by current evidence. Whether non anemic ID needs to be treated is uncertain and so is the legitimacy and timing of screening for ID and anemia. The role of ID and iron availability for the brain in pathogenesis of neurodevelopmental conditions such as ADHD requires further studies.","PeriodicalId":10962,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care","volume":" ","pages":"284-288"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143763305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prehabilitation in surgery - an update with a focus on nutrition. 手术中的康复-以营养为重点的更新。

IF 3 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2025-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-04 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001112

Chelsia Gillis, Arved Weimann

{"title":"Prehabilitation in surgery - an update with a focus on nutrition.","authors":"Chelsia Gillis, Arved Weimann","doi":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001112","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001112","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Since the introduction of the prehabilitation concept for optimizing functional capacity before surgery 20 years ago, evidence and interest has grown considerably. This review summarizes the recent evidence and proposes questions for prehabilitation with special regard to the nutritional component.Recent findings: Several meta-analyses of multimodal prehabilitation (exercise, nutrition, and psychological support) have been published recently. These reviews suggest that preoperative conditioning can improve functional capacity and reduce the complication rate for many patient groups (risk of bias: moderate to low). A prerequisite is the identification of high-risk patients using suitable screening and assessment tools. Additionally, there are currently no standardized, clear recommendations for the organization and implementation of prehabilitation programs. The programs vary greatly in duration, content, and outcome measurement. Although the preoperative nutrition interventions enhanced outcomes consistently, there was no clear evidence for which nutritional intervention should be applied to whom over consistent time frame four to six weeks (timeframe consistent with most prehabilitation programs).Summary: To advance our understanding of which prehabilitation interventions work best, how they work, and for whom they work best, additional low risk of bias and adequately powered trials are required. Nevertheless, our review presents evidence that prehabilitation should be offered before major surgery on a risk-stratified basis.","PeriodicalId":10962,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care","volume":" ","pages":"224-234"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143188526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Breastfeeding after gestational diabetes mellitus: maternal, milk and infant outcomes. 妊娠期糖尿病后母乳喂养：母体、乳汁和婴儿结局。

IF 3 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2025-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-28 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001117

Donna T Geddes, Zoya Gridneva, Sharon L Perrella

{"title":"Breastfeeding after gestational diabetes mellitus: maternal, milk and infant outcomes.","authors":"Donna T Geddes, Zoya Gridneva, Sharon L Perrella","doi":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001117","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001117","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: This review examines the complex relationship between gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and breastfeeding outcomes, integrating recent evidence on maternal health benefits, milk composition, and clinical support strategies. Understanding these relationships is important as GDM affects approximately 14% of pregnancies worldwide, with rates continuing to rise alongside increasing obesity and maternal age.Recent findings: Women who breastfeed for longer periods after GDM show significant improvements in metabolic health, including reduced weight retention and better cardiometabolic profiles. While macronutrient content of breast milk appears preserved, significant differences exist in human milk oligosaccharides and milk fat globule membrane proteins. A previous history of predominant breastfeeding shows a 47% reduction in abnormal fasting glucose odds in subsequent pregnancies. Initial positive indications of personalized support programs, particularly during pregnancy, are emerging however evaluation in comparison to current evidence-based interventions is yet to be carried out. Lifestyle factors are known to reduce subsequent diabetes after a GDM and recent evidence suggests these are important in pregnancy and may improve breastfeeding outcomes.Summary: Despite the challenges of delayed secretory activation and reduced milk supply in women with GDM, successful breastfeeding offers substantial health benefits. Healthcare providers could implement comprehensive, individualized support strategies beginning in pregnancy and extending through the postpartum period to optimize outcomes for both mother and infant.","PeriodicalId":10962,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care","volume":" ","pages":"257-262"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143527932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Bioactive compounds in human milk. 人乳中的生物活性化合物。

IF 3 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2025-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-12 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001114

Ariadna Witte Castro, Maria Sanchez-Holgado, Miguel Saenz de Pipaon

{"title":"Bioactive compounds in human milk.","authors":"Ariadna Witte Castro, Maria Sanchez-Holgado, Miguel Saenz de Pipaon","doi":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001114","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001114","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Human milk is the optimal food choice for infants. Reviewing the latest advances in research about human milk compounds and their effect on health helps understand the benefits of breastfeeding and improves knowledge of key bioactive nutrients that can be used to improve feeding during infancy, with short and long-time effects on health.Recent findings: In the last years, it has been described how bioactive compounds such as Human milk oligosaccharides, hormones, lipids, cellular components and microbes play an important role in the infants' health, reducing the risk of infectious, metabolic and autoimmune diseases. The mechanisms of transmission from the mother to the infant of these bioactive compounds are not always well described, but there are several lines of research to understand the biological mechanisms of these beneficial effects.Summary: These findings may help improve research in maternal and infant interventions, the modifiable factors that are able to modulate human milk composition. They may help to improve the development of infant formulas and enhance nutritional plans. Also, human milk bioactive compounds identification and isolation may describe new ways of supplementation.","PeriodicalId":10962,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care","volume":" ","pages":"243-249"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143440112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Editorial introductions. 编辑介绍。

IF 3 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2025-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-03 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001122

引用次数: 0

Plant-based diets and child growth. 植物性饮食和儿童成长。

IF 3 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2025-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-19 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001119

Rosan Meyer, Jennifer Lp Protudjer

{"title":"Plant-based diets and child growth.","authors":"Rosan Meyer, Jennifer Lp Protudjer","doi":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001119","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001119","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: The EAT-Lancet Commission on Healthy Diets from Sustainable Food Systems recommended a diet that is higher in plant-based food in 2019. Whilst plant-based diets have been followed in many regions of the world, the planetary concern and the published health benefits has increased the uptake of such diets. This review sets out to explore the impact on growth in children following a plant-based diet.Recent findings: Twelve observational studies were published between 2017 and 2024, assessing the impact of vegan and vegetarian diets compared to omnivorous diets in children. Ten studies found no significant difference in growth parameters between children on the plant-based diet vs. the omnivorous diet, however there is a trend of lower growth parameters including undernutrition, but also lower rates of overweight in children on a plant-based diet. One study found that that children were shorter on a vegan diet and another found that infants born to mothers following a vegan diet had significantly lower weight. None of the studies assessed children that received professional dietary advice.Summary: Overall, growth is comparable in children following a plant-based diet, but a higher risk for undernutrition has been highlighted. Children can follow a plant-based diet and establish good growth with the help of a qualified healthcare professional understanding macro and micronutrient provision on such a diet.","PeriodicalId":10962,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care","volume":" ","pages":"274-283"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143699909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sarcopenia and frailty in critical illness. 骨骼肌减少症和危重疾病中的虚弱。

IF 3 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2025-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-12 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001123

Marielle Johanna Maria Magdalena van der Steen-Dieperink, Wilhelmina Aria Christina Koekkoek, Imre Willemijn Kehinde Kouw

{"title":"Sarcopenia and frailty in critical illness.","authors":"Marielle Johanna Maria Magdalena van der Steen-Dieperink, Wilhelmina Aria Christina Koekkoek, Imre Willemijn Kehinde Kouw","doi":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001123","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001123","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Sarcopenia and frailty are common conditions, associated with worse clinical outcomes during critical illness. Recent studies on sarcopenia and frailty in ICU patients are presented in this review, aiming to identify accurate diagnostic tools, investigate the effects on clinical and functional outcomes, and propose possible effective interventions.Recent findings: The recent change of the sarcopenia definition underlines the importance of muscle strength over mass, this is however challenging to assess in ICU patients. There is currently no unified sarcopenia definition, nor standard frailty assessment tool; Clinical Frailty Scale is most frequently used in the ICU. Meta-analyses show worse clinical and functional outcomes for frail as well as sarcopenic patients admitted to the ICU, regardless of admission diagnosis. Frailty is a dynamic condition, worsening in severity by the time of hospital discharge, but showing improvement by 6 months post-ICU. Therapeutic interventions for frailty and sarcopenia remain limited. Although mobilization strategies show promise in improving functional and cognitive outcomes, inconsistent outcomes are reported. Heterogeneity in definitions, patient populations, and care practices challenge interpretation and comparison of study results and recognition of beneficial interventions. This highlights the need for more research.Summary: The importance of preexisting sarcopenia and frailty is recognized in ICU patients and associated with worse clinical outcomes. Multidimensional interventions are most promising, including patient-tailored mobilization and nutrition.","PeriodicalId":10962,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care","volume":" ","pages":"192-199"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11970596/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143604196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Disease associated malnutrition in pediatrics - what is new? 儿科疾病相关营养不良——有什么新发现？

IF 3 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2025-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-13 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001115

Koen Huysentruyt, Jessie M Hulst, Konstantinos Gerasimidis, Koen F Joosten

{"title":"Disease associated malnutrition in pediatrics - what is new?","authors":"Koen Huysentruyt, Jessie M Hulst, Konstantinos Gerasimidis, Koen F Joosten","doi":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001115","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001115","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Disease associated malnutrition (DAM) remains an important concern in the care of hospitalized children and children with a chronic disease. This review focused on pediatric literature published since 2023 on the prevalence, assessment and treatment of DAM in different settings.Recent findings: The prevalence of DAM depends on a variety of factors. Studies focused on the relationship between different assessment methods of DAM and sarcopenia in hospitalized children and children with an underlying disease and clinical outcomes. Several papers focused on exploring the interplay between nutritional management and the evolving metabolic phases of critically ill children. Some studies explored feeding intolerance and barriers to administering enteral nutrition, micronutrient assessment and whether continuous versus intermittent feeding was superior in pediatric intensive care.Summary: In hospitalized children and chronically ill children, nutritional assessment and assessment of frailty and/or sarcopenia is best done using a comprehensive approach integrating anthropometrics, nutrition focused history and physical examination. Adequate nutritional support for critically ill children is challenging and needs to be tailored to the specific phases of critical illness. Intermittent feeding may offer potential advantages in inducing ketosis and circadian rhythm alignment but requires careful management to prevent nutritional deficits.","PeriodicalId":10962,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care","volume":" ","pages":"289-296"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143440116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0