Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care最新文献

Nutrition in pediatric end-stage liver disease. 小儿终末期肝病的营养问题。

IF 3 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001063

Tejas S Desai, Jessie M Hulst, Robert Bandsma, Sagar Mehta

{"title":"Nutrition in pediatric end-stage liver disease.","authors":"Tejas S Desai, Jessie M Hulst, Robert Bandsma, Sagar Mehta","doi":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001063","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001063","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: The aim of this review is to outline recent studies relating to nutritional status and outcomes in pediatric end-stage liver disease.Main findings: Pediatric patients with chronic and end-stage liver disease are at high risk of malnutrition. Given additional growth demands in children and the inherent complications of chronic liver disease, achieving adequate nutrition in these patients remains a challenge. In addition, while guidelines on nutrition in chronic liver disease exist, global approaches and definitions of malnutrition vary. Recent literature has focused on sarcopenia and nutrition-related transplant outcomes, with some studies exploring nutritional assessment and management. Pediatric studies however continue to lag adult research, with limited prospective and interventional studies.Summary: Optimizing nutrition in pediatric end-stage liver disease remains a challenge, however understanding of the mechanisms and clinical manifestations of malnutrition in this population is improving. Despite these efforts, high quality studies to determine optimal nutrition strategies and interventions are lacking behind adult evidence and should be the focus of future research.","PeriodicalId":10962,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142281709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Assessment of micronutrients - searching for the evidence. 评估微量营养素--寻找证据。

IF 3 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-03 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001074

Manfred Eggersdorfer, Karin Amrein

引用次数: 0

Progress in physiologically based pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic models of amino acids in humans. 基于生理学的人体氨基酸药代动力学-药效学模型的研究进展。

IF 3 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-02 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001067

Taylor J McColl, David C Clarke

{"title":"Progress in physiologically based pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic models of amino acids in humans.","authors":"Taylor J McColl, David C Clarke","doi":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001067","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001067","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Amino acids are critical to health, serving both as constituents of proteins and in signaling and metabolism. Amino acids are consumed as nutrients, supplements, and nutraceuticals. Much remains to be learned about amino acid function. Physiologically based pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic (PBPK-PD) modeling is an emerging tool for studying their complex biology. This review highlights recent PBPK-PD models developed to study amino acid physiology and metabolism and discusses their potential for addressing unresolved questions in the field.Recent findings: PBPK-PD models provided several insights. They revealed the interplay between the mechanisms by which leucine governs skeletal muscle protein metabolism in healthy adults. The models also identified optimal dosing regimens of amino acid supplementation to treat sickle-cell disease and recurrent hypoglycemia, and to minimize drug side effects in seizure disorders. Additionally, they characterized the effects of novel anticancer drugs that seek to deprive cancer cells of amino acids. Future models may inform treatment strategies for sarcopenia, characterize distinctions between animal- and plant-based nutrition, and inform nutrient-drug interactions in Parkinson's disease.Summary: PBPK-PD models are powerful tools for studying amino acid physiology and metabolism, with applications to nutrition, pharmacology, and their interplay.","PeriodicalId":10962,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141987522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Energy balance and obesity: the emerging role of glucagon like peptide-1 receptor agonists. 能量平衡与肥胖症：胰高血糖素样肽-1 受体激动剂的新作用。

IF 3 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-05 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001064

Noémie Beauregard, Kurt McInnis, Gary S Goldfield, Éric Doucet

{"title":"Energy balance and obesity: the emerging role of glucagon like peptide-1 receptor agonists.","authors":"Noémie Beauregard, Kurt McInnis, Gary S Goldfield, Éric Doucet","doi":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001064","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001064","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: With obesity affecting over one billion people globally, understanding and managing this complex condition is more crucial than ever. This review explores the emerging role of GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) in weight management, focusing on their impact on energy balance. It highlights the necessity of this investigation due to the limited knowledge on both the short-term and long-term implications of GLP-1RA on energy expenditure (EE) and energy intake (EI).Recent findings: GLP-1RA, such as liraglutide and semaglutide, have shown significant efficacy in promoting weight loss by reducing appetite, cravings and consequently, EI. Newer medications such as tirzepatide have demonstrated even greater weight loss success. Emerging evidence also suggests potential effects on EE, which could explain the greater weight loss success achieved with GLP-1 RA rather than typical lifestyle changes. However, comprehensive data on the total impact of these drugs on energy balance remain limited.Summary: The findings underscore the promising role of GLP-1RA in obesity management, particularly through mechanisms influencing both EI and EE. Future research should focus on systematically measuring all components of energy balance to fully elucidate the mechanisms of GLP-1RA and optimize their therapeutic use for personalized medicine.","PeriodicalId":10962,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141987520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prediabetes and insulin resistance: effect of vitamin D. 糖尿病前期和胰岛素抵抗：维生素 D 的影响。

IF 3 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-26 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001070

Tetsuya Kawahara

{"title":"Prediabetes and insulin resistance: effect of vitamin D.","authors":"Tetsuya Kawahara","doi":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001070","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001070","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: The impact of vitamin D on improving insulin resistance in prediabetes remains controversial. The purpose of this review is to examine whether vitamin D supplementation improves insulin resistance in adults with prediabetes, and if so, to identify the mechanisms and the specific populations.Recent findings: Global prevalence of prediabetes is increasing, and prevention is a critical issue because these people with prediabetes will develop type 2 diabetes soon, which will put pressure on healthcare costs. Recent evidence on the effectiveness of vitamin D administration in improving insulin resistance and preventing the onset of type 2 diabetes in adults with prediabetes has been accumulating. The 2024 updated clinical practice guideline of the American Diabetes Association states that vitamin D administration to patients with prediabetes potentially benefits type 2 diabetes incidence in specific populations. There are also reports that vitamin D administration improves insulin resistance via increased serum osteocalcin levels, a marker of bone turnover.Summary: Vitamin D is likely to improve insulin resistance, which is already present at the time of prediabetes. However, the effectiveness may vary depending on ethnic differences and blood vitamin D levels at the start of administration.","PeriodicalId":10962,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142281710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Muscle loss: does one size fit all? A comment on Bozzetti's paper. 肌肉流失：一刀切吗？对 Bozzetti 论文的评论。

IF 3 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-26 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001072

Maria Cristina Gonzalez, Alfonso J Cruz-Jentoft, Stuart M Phillips, Carla M Prado

引用次数: 0

Sarcopenia: nothing is as it seems. Author's response to Gonzalez, Cruz-Jentoft, Phillips and Prado. 肌肉疏松症：一切都不尽如人意。作者对 Gonzalez、Cruz-Jentoft、Phillips 和 Prado 的回应。

IF 3 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-03 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001073

Federico Bozzetti

引用次数: 0

Editorial introductions. 编辑介绍。

IF 3 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-03 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001076

引用次数: 0

Dietary protein in the ICU in relation to health outcomes. 重症监护室中的膳食蛋白质与健康结果的关系。

IF 3 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001066

Danielle E Bear, Matthew J Summers, Lee-Anne S Chapple

{"title":"Dietary protein in the ICU in relation to health outcomes.","authors":"Danielle E Bear, Matthew J Summers, Lee-Anne S Chapple","doi":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001066","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001066","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Critical care nutrition guidelines recommend provision of higher protein doses than recommended in health. These recommendations have been predominately based on lower quality evidence and physiological rationale that greater protein doses may attenuate the significant muscle loss observed in critically ill patients. This review discusses the mechanistic action of protein in the critically ill, details results from recent trials on health outcomes, discusses considerations for interpretation of trial results, and provides an overview of future directions.Recent findings: Two recent large clinical trials have investigated different protein doses and the effect on clinical outcome. Important findings revealed potential harm in certain sub-groups of patients. This harm must be balanced with the potential for beneficial effects on muscle mass and physical function given that two recent systematic reviews with meta-analyses demonstrated attenuation of muscle loss with higher protein doses. Utilizing biological markers such as urea: creatinine ratio or urea levels may prove useful in monitoring harm from higher protein doses.Summary: Future research should focus on prospectively investigating biological signatures of harm as well as taking into the consideration elements that will likely enhance the effectiveness of protein dose.","PeriodicalId":10962,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141987519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Vitamin D and muscle health: insights from recent studies. 维生素 D 与肌肉健康：近期研究的启示。

IF 3 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-04 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001071

Akiko Kuwabara, Mai Matsumoto, Yoichi Hatamoto, Satoshi Fujita

{"title":"Vitamin D and muscle health: insights from recent studies.","authors":"Akiko Kuwabara, Mai Matsumoto, Yoichi Hatamoto, Satoshi Fujita","doi":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001071","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001071","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: The purpose of this review is to critically evaluate the effects of vitamin D on muscle mass and physical/muscle function in middle-aged and older adults, based on recent human studies, including cross-sectional, observational, and intervention studies. Vitamin D, beyond its well established role in bone health, has shown potential in influencing muscle physiology, making it a nutrient of interest in the context of sarcopenia and related chronic conditions.Recent findings: The review states how vitamin D affects muscle function, emphasizing its role in muscle cell proliferation, differentiation, and key signaling pathways. Additionally, the review of recent human studies revealed an inconsistent relationship between vitamin D and sarcopenia and related indices, with mixed results regarding muscle mass and strength. Variability in supplementation dose, duration, and baseline 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels may contribute to these inconsistencies.Summary: While animal studies indicate vitamin D's effectiveness in muscle growth, cross-sectional, observational, and intervention studies do not show clear benefits of maintaining efficient vitamin D levels on muscle mass or function in humans. Although vitamin D impacts muscle health, it is insufficient alone, emphasizing the need for a multifaceted approach to sarcopenia prevention and management.","PeriodicalId":10962,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11486990/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142281711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0