Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care最新文献_第2页

Recent studies confirm the utility of the omega-3 index. 最近的研究证实了欧米伽-3 指数的实用性。

IF 3 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001078

William S Harris

引用次数: 0

Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in depression: insights from recent clinical trials.

IF 3 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-23 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001077

Simon C Dyall, Ikbal A Malau, Kuan-Pin Su

{"title":"Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in depression: insights from recent clinical trials.","authors":"Simon C Dyall, Ikbal A Malau, Kuan-Pin Su","doi":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/MCO.0000000000001077","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: This review examines evidence from recent clinical trials on the therapeutic potential of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in major depressive disorder (MDD). We focus on the effects in MDD with comorbidities, younger populations, and high-inflammation presentations.Recent findings: PubMed, Cochrane, and Embase databases were systematically searched for studies published between May 2022 and May 2024. The search was conducted on randomized controlled trials using omega-3 PUFAs with participants with a clinical diagnosis of depression.Higher doses of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) (>1 g/day) improved measures of depression, particularly in MDD with elevated inflammation markers, comorbid cardiovascular diseases, late-life onset, and children and adolescent populations. Improvements in depressive symptoms were associated with increases in omega-3 PUFA-derived anti-inflammatory and proresolving lipid mediators. As adjuvant treatments, omega-3 PUFAs have potential benefits in mood, cognitive and metabolic functions, kynurenine and serotonin pathways, and alterations in corticolimbic functional connectivity.Summary: While evidence suggests promise, particularly for high-dose EPA and in inflammatory MDD subtypes, more research is needed to establish optimal dosing regimens, treatment duration, and patient subgroups most likely to benefit. Future studies should focus on sex differences, long-term effects, and potential synergies with other treatments.","PeriodicalId":10962,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care","volume":"28 2","pages":"66-74"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143254977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Parenteral lipid emulsions: the state of the art. 肠外脂质乳剂：最先进的。

IF 3 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-02 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001092

Valentina Da Prat, Riccardo Caccialanza, Paolo Cotogni

{"title":"Parenteral lipid emulsions: the state of the art.","authors":"Valentina Da Prat, Riccardo Caccialanza, Paolo Cotogni","doi":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001092","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001092","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Several types of injectable lipid emulsions (ILEs) have become available for parenteral nutrition. The purpose of this review is to highlight the most recent and interesting articles in the field of ILEs.Recent findings: Recent literature has compared ILEs in various clinical scenarios (e.g. abdominal surgery, chronic intestinal failure, critical illness, and preterm birth). Favorable clinical effects of ILEs containing fish oil have been observed in studies on surgical patients with Crohn's disease, critically ill patients, and patients with intestinal failure-associated liver dysfunction, whereas other trials have shown no clear benefit. Ongoing research is focused on finding novel strategies to reduce liver toxicity of ILEs, including the use of 'artificial intelligence' tools and liver organoids. Promising new applications for ILEs are emerging, including the prevention of neonatal hypoxic brain injury.Summary: Although ILEs with the goal of reducing the levels of pro-inflammatory omega-6 fatty acids appear to confer some advantage in some settings (e.g. surgery), conclusive data on the superiority of one ILE over another are lacking. In particular, research is needed to compare different types of mixed-oil ILEs with each other and with pure fish oil ILEs.","PeriodicalId":10962,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care","volume":" ","pages":"104-113"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142920948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Engaging family members in nutrition care during recovery from critical illness. 让家庭成员参与重症康复期间的营养护理。

IF 3 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-16 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001100

Andrea P Marshall, Emma J Ridley, Lee-Anne S Chapple

{"title":"Engaging family members in nutrition care during recovery from critical illness.","authors":"Andrea P Marshall, Emma J Ridley, Lee-Anne S Chapple","doi":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001100","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001100","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: The delivery of high-quality personalized nutrition care both during ICU and throughout post-ICU recovery is limited by multifactorial barriers. As families are often a present and consistent resource, family engagement may help to optimize nutrition support during hospitalization and after recovery from critical illness. In this review, we summarize the evidence base for family engagement in nutrition care and hypothesize future roles families may play, throughout the critical illness recovery trajectory.Recent findings: Family members may be best placed to convey patients' personal nutritional preferences, and premorbid nutrition intake and status, as well as promote and minimize barriers to nutrition intake. The engagement of families in nutrition care is an emerging concept, and as such, few studies have explored the role of family engagement in the delivery of nutritional care. Those that do have shown high levels of family engagement and feasibility but have not yet translated to improved clinical and patient-related outcomes.Summary: Further research should identify how and where families may best engage to support, or advocate for, improved nutrition care.","PeriodicalId":10962,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care","volume":" ","pages":"167-173"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142921015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Omega 6 fatty acids: helpful, harmless or harmful? 欧米伽6脂肪酸：有益、无害还是有害？

IF 3 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-13 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001096

Francesco Visioli, Andrea Poli

{"title":"Omega 6 fatty acids: helpful, harmless or harmful?","authors":"Francesco Visioli, Andrea Poli","doi":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001096","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001096","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: This paper reviews the most recent literature from January 2023 to August 2024 on the physiological effects of n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), with a focus on linoleic acid (LA).Recent findings: Contrary to previous concerns that high LA intake may increase inflammation, most recent evidence supports the benefits of LA for cardiometabolic health. Several large studies report that higher blood LA levels correlate with reduced risks of coronary heart disease, stroke, and type 2 diabetes. Potential mechanisms include activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors and modulation of oxylipins involved in glucose and lipid metabolism. The ideal LA intake level remains uncertain, but current intakes around 5-10% of energy appear beneficial. In other areas like cancer, asthma and sleep, the evidence is still inconclusive on LA's effects.Summary: More research on diverse populations is needed to determine optimal LA levels, effects on specific conditions, and interactions with genetic factors affecting PUFA metabolism. Overall, the review highlights the emerging view that LA, the primary dietary n-6 PUFA, has cardiometabolic benefits rather than harmful effects.","PeriodicalId":10962,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care","volume":" ","pages":"114-120"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142921028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Circadian rhythms, metabolism, and nutrition support in critically ill adult patients: a narrative review. 危重成人患者的昼夜节律、代谢和营养支持：叙述性回顾。

IF 3 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-23 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001104

Yu-Hsiang Chiu, Anushka Sharma, Hassan S Dashti

{"title":"Circadian rhythms, metabolism, and nutrition support in critically ill adult patients: a narrative review.","authors":"Yu-Hsiang Chiu, Anushka Sharma, Hassan S Dashti","doi":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001104","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001104","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: The human circadian system regulates several physiological processes, including metabolism, which becomes significantly disrupted during critical illness. The common use of 24-h continuous nutrition support feeding in the intensive care unit (ICU) may further exacerbate these disruptions; this review evaluates recent evidence comparing continuous and intermittent feeding schedules in critically ill adults.Recent findings: Research comparing different feeding schedules in critically ill adults remains limited. Recent meta-analyses suggest that continuous and intermittent feeding schedules in the ICU have comparable adverse event profiles, including gastrointestinal intolerance. A retrospective study found that continuous feeding did not impact the 24-h glucose variation in critically ill adults, and a randomized controlled trial reported no significant differences in amino acid, lipid-based, or small molecule metabolite profiles between the two feeding regimens. Potential benefits of intermittent feeding include stimulation of muscle protein synthesis, preservation of normal hormone secretion, and improved attainment of nutritional goals.Summary: Current evidence suggests comparable safety profiles for continuous and intermittent feeding schedules in critically ill adult patients. However, intermittent and daytime cyclic feeding are expected to align more closely with normal circadian physiology. Given the lack of existing supportive data, a dynamic approach - transitioning from continuous feeding in the early-acute metabolic phase to intermittent feeding or daytime cyclic feeding - may be appropriate.","PeriodicalId":10962,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care","volume":" ","pages":"134-139"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142946154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

ICU nutrition research: did the evidence get better? Remaining sources of bias. 重症监护室营养研究：证据是否有所改善？仍然存在的偏见来源。

IF 3 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-16 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001080

Ronald L Koretz

{"title":"ICU nutrition research: did the evidence get better? Remaining sources of bias.","authors":"Ronald L Koretz","doi":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001080","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001080","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: To assess the quality of recently published (18 months from date of article request) randomized trials/systematic reviews of such trials that addressed the use of nutritional support in critically ill patients.Recent findings: Eligible papers were published between October 1, 2022 and April 7, 2024, only enrolled adults, described a comparison of a nutritional intervention to something else, and reported a clinically relevant outcome. Thirteen randomized trials and four systematic reviews of randomized trials were identified. Quality was assessed by determining the risks of bias of each trial. Two of these trials were at low risk of bias, six were rated as having some concern(s) about bias, and five were at high risk of bias. The four systematic reviews included 55 randomized trials; four were at low risk, 31 had some concerns, and 20 were at high risk. No randomized trial comparing nutritional support to a true control (no nutritional support) was identified in this search; seven older trials, all small and containing risks of bias, failed to demonstrate any consistent differences in clinical outcomes.Summary: The quality of the trials underlying the use of nutritional support in the intensive care unit is not very high.","PeriodicalId":10962,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care","volume":" ","pages":"174-180"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142603632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Does enteral nutrition protect against stress ulceration in the critically ill? 肠内营养是否能预防危重病人的应激性溃疡？

IF 3 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-10 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001097

Mark Borthwick, Bethan Jenkins, Paul E Wischmeyer, Jeffrey F Barletta

{"title":"Does enteral nutrition protect against stress ulceration in the critically ill?","authors":"Mark Borthwick, Bethan Jenkins, Paul E Wischmeyer, Jeffrey F Barletta","doi":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001097","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001097","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Critically ill patients are at risk of gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) due to stress ulceration. Strategies to reduce the risk include administration of prophylactic ulcer healing medications. Enteral nutrition (EN) may be favourably associated with GIB risks. This manuscript summarizes available evidence regarding EN effects on GIB.Recent findings: There are few data available to directly compare the effect of EN on GIB. Direct comparison in animal models generally indicate a beneficial effect. Human data provide indirect evidence from pharmacological stress ulcer prophylaxis studies. EN exposure has been randomized in nutrition trials of critically ill patients, but GIB outcomes were not recorded. Detailed EN exposure data were recorded in two large pharmacological stress ulcer trials. One finds EN is associated with lower GIB, lower mortality, and increased pneumonia, and notes a possible interaction between EN and pharmacological stress ulcer prophylaxis. The second has yet to report associations with EN.Summary: EN may reduce the risk of GIB, although robust direct evidence is absent. Potential interactions between EN and pharmacological stress ulcer prophylaxis require further study.","PeriodicalId":10962,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care","volume":" ","pages":"123-128"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142920997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators in gut immunophysiology: from dietary precursors to inflammation resolution. 肠道免疫生理中专门的促溶解脂质介质：从饮食前体到炎症解决。

IF 3 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-13 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001103

Emmanuel Albuquerque-Souza, Jesmond Dalli

{"title":"Specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators in gut immunophysiology: from dietary precursors to inflammation resolution.","authors":"Emmanuel Albuquerque-Souza, Jesmond Dalli","doi":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001103","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001103","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: This review aims to examine recent research on the role of specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) in the regulation of gut immunophysiology.Recent findings: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterized by chronic inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract, driven by disruptions in the intestinal barrier and an imbalance between the host immune system and gut microbiota. Dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), especially ω-3 and ω-6, are key regulators of immune responses and help maintain the integrity of the intestinal barrier. These PUFAs serve as precursors to SPMs, lipid mediators that play a critical role in resolving inflammation. SPMs actively reprogram immune cells, promoting the clearance of cellular debris, reducing cytokine production, and restoring tissue homeostasis without suppressing the immune response. Emerging evidence indicates that in the gut, SPMs strengthen intestinal barrier function, modulate immune responses in colitis and colon cancer, and influence gut microbiota composition.Summary: The recent evidence strongly supports the central role of SPMs in maintaining gut health and restoring organ function following inflammatory challenges. This evidence highlights the potential of therapeutic approaches that target these pathways for both the prevention and treatment of gut-related inflammatory conditions.","PeriodicalId":10962,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care","volume":" ","pages":"96-103"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143001827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Editorial introductions.

IF 3 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-06 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001107

引用次数: 0