Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care最新文献_第2页

The impact of lifestyle factors across the life course on sarcopenia and physical frailty. 生命过程中生活方式因素对肌肉减少症和身体虚弱的影响。

IF 3 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2025-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-05 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001111

Daphne Zihui Yang, Joanne Kua, Wee Shiong Lim

{"title":"The impact of lifestyle factors across the life course on sarcopenia and physical frailty.","authors":"Daphne Zihui Yang, Joanne Kua, Wee Shiong Lim","doi":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001111","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001111","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Muscle health helps maintain locomotor capacity, a key component of intrinsic capacity, which is required for healthy ageing. Sarcopenia is characterized by the age-related decline in muscle mass and strength leading to impaired physical performance, and has been described as a biological substrate of physical frailty. Both sarcopenia and physical frailty share phenotypic features of weakness and slowness, lead to common adverse outcomes, and have potential for reversal through early identification and intervention. The purpose of this review is to present recent evidence for the impact of lifestyle interventions across the life course on sarcopenia and physical frailty.Recent findings: Resistance exercise alone or combined with balance and aerobic training as part of a multicomponent exercise program and high-quality diets incorporating adequate protein remain the mainstay of treatment for sarcopenia and physical frailty. Reducing sedentary time and increasing physical activity, adherence to Mediterranean diet, increasing vegetable and caffeinated beverage intake, cardiovascular risk factor modification, improving sleep hygiene and depressive symptoms may also contribute to slowing down age-related decline in muscle health.Summary: Lifestyle interventions such as physical activity, diet, sleep and mental health are effective against sarcopenia and physical frailty. Targeting lifestyle modifications in early to midlife may retard further decline in locomotor capacity and optimize intrinsic capacity of older persons, reducing the risk of sarcopenia, physical frailty and their attendant negative health outcomes.","PeriodicalId":10962,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care","volume":" ","pages":"208-223"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143188527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Improving the quality of donor human milk to take advantage of more of the health benefits of mother's own milk composition. 提高供体母乳的质量，更多地利用母亲自己的母乳成分带来的健康益处。

IF 3 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2025-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-18 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001116

Megan R Beggs, Sharon Unger, Deborah L O'Connor

{"title":"Improving the quality of donor human milk to take advantage of more of the health benefits of mother's own milk composition.","authors":"Megan R Beggs, Sharon Unger, Deborah L O'Connor","doi":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001116","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001116","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Pasteurized donor human milk (PDHM) is the recommended supplement when there is inadequate volume of mother's own milk (MOM) for very low birth weight (<1500 g, VLBW) infants. Differences in the composition of these milks may impact growth, morbidities or long-term development of infants. The aim of this review is to highlight current trends in understanding compositional differences between MOM and PDHM, technological advances in processing PDHM, and infant outcomes when VLBW infants are fed these milks.Recent findings: Reported differences in the composition between MOM and PDHM are due to several factors including when and how milk is collected, sampled for analysis, and processed. Systematic reviews and primary research studies demonstrate that PDHM reduces the risk of necrotizing enterocolitis in VLBW infants but is also associated with slower postnatal growth. Work is ongoing to determine if alternative approaches to processing PDHM can improve milk composition and thereby infant growth and neurodevelopment and reduce morbidity.Summary: PDHM is a key component of feeding VLBW infants when there is inadequate volume of MOM. Recent developments aim to optimize this source of nutrition and bioactive compounds for VLBW infants while further understanding limitations of its use.","PeriodicalId":10962,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care","volume":" ","pages":"250-256"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143440119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fighting frailty, (osteo)sarcopenia, and fatigue: importance of unified definitions, accurate target identification, and high-quality clinical trials. 对抗虚弱、（骨）肌减少症和疲劳：统一定义、准确目标识别和高质量临床试验的重要性。

IF 3 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2025-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-03 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001121

Barbara S van der Meij, Mariëlle P K J Engelen

引用次数: 0

Emerging concepts in introducing foods for food allergy prevention. 介绍食物过敏预防的新概念。

IF 3 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2025-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-07 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001126

Carina Venter, Marion Groetch

{"title":"Emerging concepts in introducing foods for food allergy prevention.","authors":"Carina Venter, Marion Groetch","doi":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001126","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001126","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: This review focuses on the latest information regarding the role of complementary feeding practices and food allergen introduction in the prevention of food allergies.Recent findings: Early introduction of food allergens for food allergy prevention is recommended by food allergy prevention guidelines and is supported by the latest randomized controlled trials. Diet diversity is recommended, supported by the latest studies from Asia. A European study indicated that diet diversity after the first year of life may still be important for food allergy prevention. The latest systematic reviews indicate there may be an association between ultra-processed food intake and food allergy development. Plant based foods and fiber play an important role in modulating the gut microbiome which has been associated with reduced food allergy outcomes. However, increased intake of food allergens within a diverse diet raises questions about excessive calorie and protein intake but can be managed by focusing on infant satiety cues.Summary: The latest studies clearly indicate and further supports that introduction of food allergies should not be delayed once complementary feeding is commenced. A diverse diet is recommended to further support the prevention of food allergies.","PeriodicalId":10962,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care","volume":" ","pages":"263-273"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143604132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The potential of creatine monohydrate supplementation in the management of osteosarcopenia. 一水肌酸补充剂在骨质疏松症治疗中的潜力。

IF 3 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2025-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-21 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001118

Darren G Candow, Ben Kirk, Philip D Chilibeck, Gustavo Duque

{"title":"The potential of creatine monohydrate supplementation in the management of osteosarcopenia.","authors":"Darren G Candow, Ben Kirk, Philip D Chilibeck, Gustavo Duque","doi":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001118","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001118","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Osteosarcopenia is an age-related condition characterized by reductions in bone mineral, muscle/lean mass, strength and functional ability which increases the risk of falls, fractures, frailty and premature mortality. One main contributing factor to osteosarcopenia is malnutrition. The purpose was to review recent evidence of creatine monohydrate (CrM) supplementation in older adults and to discuss the potential to manage osteosarcopenia.Recent findings: Accumulating research shows that CrM supplementation, primarily when combined with exercise training, has the potential to serve as a viable intervention in the management of osteosarcopenia. Collectively, CrM supplementation during exercise training in older adults led to greater improvements in whole-body lean mass, lower-limb muscle density and bone geometry and muscle strength (primarily upper-body) compared to exercise training alone. However, no study has investigated the effects of CrM, with and without exercise training, in older adults with osteosarcopenia.Summary: Given the positive findings of CrM on measures of muscle and bone in healthy older adults, there is potential for CrM to be added as an adjunct to exercise training in the management of osteosarcopenia. However, randomized clinical trials are needed to confirm the safety and efficacy of this nutrient in this clinical population.","PeriodicalId":10962,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care","volume":" ","pages":"235-239"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143514985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Critical care nutrition: a Bayesian re-analysis of trial data. 重症监护营养：试验数据的贝叶斯再分析。

IF 3 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-28 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001094

Natalia Alejandra Angeloni, Federico Angriman, Neill K J Adhikari

{"title":"Critical care nutrition: a Bayesian re-analysis of trial data.","authors":"Natalia Alejandra Angeloni, Federico Angriman, Neill K J Adhikari","doi":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001094","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001094","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Nutritional support and optimal glucose control are key components of care during critical illness, yet evidence surrounding their use remains conflicting, making translation into clinical practice challenging. This review explores Bayesian methods to enhance the interpretation of frequentist critical care trials, particularly for interventions with inconclusive outcomes.Recent findings: Bayesian re-analysis frameworks may clarify conflicting evidence in critical care, thus enhancing interpretability and supporting clinical decision-making. This review focuses on the Bayesian re-analysis of three recent trials with indeterminate results for mortality - NUTRIREA-3, EFFORT Protein, and TGC-Fast - that examined the effects of enteral nutrition and glucose control strategies.Summary: We re-analyzed the mortality outcomes of these trials within a Bayesian framework, contrasting our findings with the original trial results to illustrate how Bayesian methods can enhance the clinical applicability of trial outcomes. Although Bayesian and frequentist analyses generally agree on the direction and magnitude of effect, Bayesian methods offer the advantage of providing posterior probabilities of benefit and harm, thus identifying promising and potentially harmful interventions. This review underscores the value of Bayesian analysis in re-evaluating clinical trial data and guiding clinical practice.","PeriodicalId":10962,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care","volume":" ","pages":"148-155"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142750199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Omega-3 fatty acids and sleep: recent advances in understanding effects and mechanisms. Omega-3脂肪酸与睡眠：影响和机制的最新研究进展。

IF 3 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-02 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001095

Philippa Jackson

{"title":"Omega-3 fatty acids and sleep: recent advances in understanding effects and mechanisms.","authors":"Philippa Jackson","doi":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001095","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001095","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Sleep disturbance and low dietary intake of omega-3 fatty acids are common in modern society. Previous research shows that omega-3 fatty acids play an integral role in the regulation of sleep processes, but efficacy data in adults have been equivocal to date. This review examines recent studies highlighting the effects of omega-3 fatty acids on sleep quality and circadian processes.Recent findings: Two randomized controlled trials in healthy adults found that supplementation with DHA-rich interventions improved sleep quality, though effects may vary depending on age, current sleep habits and habitual omega-3 intake. Conversely, EPA-rich interventions in menopausal women, men with prostate cancer and people experiencing episodic migraines did not improve sleep quality. Advances in lipidomics reveal a bidirectional relationship between sleep disturbance and lipid metabolism, to some extent underpinned by activity of omega-3 fatty acids in circadian processes. Therefore, adequate omega-3 fatty acid intake is both a preventive and therapeutic approach to sleep quality and health.Summary: Omega-3 fatty acids and DHA in particular show promise for improving sleep quality and limiting the adverse effects of sleep disturbance on health. Future research should focus on developing sex-specific and age-specific recommendations for omega-3 fatty acid intake to optimize sleep health.","PeriodicalId":10962,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care","volume":" ","pages":"61-65"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142921030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Amino acids and the kidney; friends or foes? 氨基酸与肾脏：朋友还是敌人？

IF 3 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-21 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001083

Martina Baiardo Redaelli, Giovanni Landoni, Giacomo Monti, Rinaldo Bellomo

{"title":"Amino acids and the kidney; friends or foes?","authors":"Martina Baiardo Redaelli, Giovanni Landoni, Giacomo Monti, Rinaldo Bellomo","doi":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001083","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001083","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common in hospitalized patients and is independently associated with morbidity and mortality. Moreover, AKI increases the risk of chronic kidney disease, which is a major healthcare problem. Currently, no single therapy has been proven to be effective in preventing AKI. The role of amino acids in the context of kidney function and AKI prevention has been controversial and most of the evidence is available from nutritional studies. However, knowledge of amino acids in recruiting renal functional reserve and their potential role to protect renal function under stress has recently expanded.Recent findings: The nephroprotective effects of amino acids were first postulated in 1973. Recently, this strategy gained renewed interest and has been more extensively studied, reintroducing their use in clinical situations characterized by a high incidence of AKI. Intravenous amino acids administration for kidney protection is now supported by a large multinational randomized double-blind controlled trial in cardiac surgery and by experimental and observational data. All such data support the rationale for a biologically and clinically important nephroprotective effect.Summary: The infusion of amino acids was recently found to reduce the incidence of AKI in cardiac surgery patients and surgical patients. This strategy for the protection of renal function is supported by a multicenter, international, double-blind randomized trial, with a huge potential for additional application in several clinical fields. Several mechanisms of action support the robustness of these findings and are summarized in this manuscript.","PeriodicalId":10962,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care","volume":" ","pages":"156-159"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142557364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nutrition in the critically ill in resource-limited settings/low- and middle-income countries. 资源有限地区/低收入和中等收入国家危重病人的营养状况。

IF 3 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-24 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001110

Mervyn Mer, Martin W Dünser

{"title":"Nutrition in the critically ill in resource-limited settings/low- and middle-income countries.","authors":"Mervyn Mer, Martin W Dünser","doi":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001110","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001110","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: To share current concepts and provide an overview of the contextual issues and nutrition practices in critically ill patients in resource-limited settings (RLSs)/low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Most of the world's population reside in these settings which also carries the greatest burden of critical illness.Recent findings: There is a paucity of evidence on nutrition practice in critically ill patients in RLSs and international guidelines are largely based on evidence derived from high-income countries (HICs). While some recommendations are adaptable to RLSs, many are not feasible or directly transferable. Despite the challenges that may prevail, pragmatic solutions can address many of the difficulties to enhance nutrition practice and improve patient outcomes.Summary: This review provides a contemporary synopsis of nutrition practice in critically ill patients in RLSs covering the relevance of optimal nutrition, gives insights into relevant contextual issues and challenges in RLSs, evaluates recent scientific evidence and available literature pertinent to critically ill patients in RLSs, addresses nutrition guidelines, discusses some pragmatic options and solutions, deals with relevant and important complications that may arise, and offers suggestions and future considerations to enhance nutrition practice in critically ill patients in these settings.","PeriodicalId":10962,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care","volume":" ","pages":"181-188"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143064268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fatty acids and telomere length. 脂肪酸和端粒长度。

IF 3 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-04 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001093

Marta Crous-Bou, Iolanda Lázaro, Núria Nadal-Zaragoza, Aleix Sala-Vila

{"title":"Fatty acids and telomere length.","authors":"Marta Crous-Bou, Iolanda Lázaro, Núria Nadal-Zaragoza, Aleix Sala-Vila","doi":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001093","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001093","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: This narrative review includes the latest clinical and preclinical evidence on fatty acid exposure and telomere length, a widely accepted hallmark of aging.Recent findings: A large body of literature focused on n-3 (omega-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Observational studies reported beneficial associations with telomere length for self-reported consumption of n-3 PUFA-rich foods; for estimated intake of n-3 PUFAs; and for n-3 PUFAs blood-based biomarkers in most (but not all) studies involving lipidomics, a promising tool in the field. Benefits were also observed in preclinical studies using different mouse models. Regarding other lipids, inconsistent findings were observed for circulating linoleic acid, whereas inverse associations with telomere length were reported for the n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio. Finally, a study using Mendelian randomization reported that monounsaturated fatty acids and PUFAs have a positive effect on telomere length, whereas the opposite was observed for saturated fatty acids.Summary: Evidence supporting that n-3 PUFAs might have beneficial effects on maintaining telomere length reinforce the salutary effects of these dietary fats. Approach considering the n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio is discouraged because it is sustained in the incorrect assumption that all species from the n-6 and n-3 families are functionally equivalent.","PeriodicalId":10962,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care","volume":" ","pages":"86-90"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142921018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0