Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care最新文献_第9页

Long-chain n -3 polyunsaturated fatty acids for the management of age- and disease-related declines in skeletal muscle mass, strength and physical function. 长链n-3多不饱和脂肪酸用于治疗与年龄和疾病相关的骨骼肌质量、力量和身体功能下降。

IF 3.1 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-17 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000000986

Nathan Phillips, Stuart R Gray, Emilie Combet, Oliver C Witard

{"title":"Long-chain n -3 polyunsaturated fatty acids for the management of age- and disease-related declines in skeletal muscle mass, strength and physical function.","authors":"Nathan Phillips, Stuart R Gray, Emilie Combet, Oliver C Witard","doi":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000000986","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000000986","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: This review uses the hierarchy of evidence as a framework to critically evaluate the effect of long chain n -3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (LC n -3 PUFA) ingestion alone, or as an adjunctive intervention to resistance training, on muscle health-related outcomes in healthy and clinical older adult populations.Recent findings: Systematic reviews and meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials consistently report small, but clinically-relevant, effects of LC n -3 PUFA ingestion on strength outcomes, whereas mixed findings have been reported regarding changes in muscle mass and physical function. Cohort studies indicate an association between higher dietary LC n -3 PUFA intake and reduced likelihood of a sarcopenia diagnosis. Acute metabolic studies provide limited evidence for an effect of LC n -3 PUFA ingestion alone, or in combination with resistance training, on free-living integrated rates of MPS, static markers of muscle protein breakdown, or satellite cell activation in healthy older adults.Summary: Recent data supports the efficacy of LCn-3 PUFA ingestion to facilitate small, but clinically relevant, improvements in muscle strength in healthy and clinical older adult populations. The mechanism(s) that underpin the action of LC n -3 PUFA in promoting strength outcomes remain unknown, but likely relate to neuromuscular function.","PeriodicalId":10962,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care","volume":" ","pages":"98-105"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49689195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Metabolic management of accidental intoxication. 意外中毒的代谢处理。

IF 3.1 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-17 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001013

Khalid Khatib, Subhal Dixit, Madhavi Telang

{"title":"Metabolic management of accidental intoxication.","authors":"Khalid Khatib, Subhal Dixit, Madhavi Telang","doi":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001013","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001013","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Unintentional intoxication comprises a major chunk of all intoxications. Most patients are in the pediatric age group with another set of patients being the elderly. Substances found to cause accidental intoxication vary from country to country and even within different regions of a country. Frequent reviews of current literature are needed to be abreast of trends.Recent findings: Prescription drugs and household chemicals are major culprits when it comes to accidental intoxication. Acetaminophen, digoxin and metformin are some of the prominent prescription drugs frequently associated with unintentional intoxications. Increasingly alcohol based hand sanitizers are becoming an important etiology of these events, following their increased usage during the COVID-19 pandemic. Pattern recognition to identify class of intoxicant and supportive care including prevention of further absorption and increased excretion are cornerstones of therapy. Antidote when available should be used promptly.Summary: Knowledge about current epidemiology of accidental intoxications, toxidrome pattern recognition and appropriate antidote usage beside adequate and timely supportive care help in successful management of the unfortunate victim of accidental intoxication.","PeriodicalId":10962,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care","volume":" ","pages":"147-154"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139520357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Can the gut microbiome inform the effects of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation trials on cognition? 肠道微生物组能否为欧米伽-3 脂肪酸补充试验对认知的影响提供信息？

IF 3.1 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-22 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001007

Bilal E Kerman, Wade Self, Hussein N Yassine

{"title":"Can the gut microbiome inform the effects of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation trials on cognition?","authors":"Bilal E Kerman, Wade Self, Hussein N Yassine","doi":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001007","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001007","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Most omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 PUFA) supplementation clinical trials report inconsistent or null findings on measures of cognition or Alzheimer's disease (AD) with a relatively large variability in the response to n-3 PUFA supplementation. The purpose of this review is to identify whether the gut microbiome together with the metabolome can provide critical insights to understand this heterogeneity in the response to n-3 PUFA supplementation.Recent findings: A Western diet with high saturated fat and omega-6 fatty acid content, obesity, and lack of exercise puts strain on the gut microbiome resulting in imbalance, dysbiosis, reduced bacterial diversity, and increased abundance of the pro-inflammatory taxa. A plant-based diet has beneficial effects on the gut microbiota even when deficient in n-3 PUFAs. Human and animal studies show that increased intake of the n-3 PUFAs correlates with increased beneficial intestinal bacteria when compared to a Western diet.Summary: The composition of the gut microbiota can help define the effects of n-3 PUFA supplementation on the brain and lead to more personalized nutritional interventions.","PeriodicalId":10962,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care","volume":" ","pages":"116-124"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10872319/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139086219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The future of artificial intelligence in clinical nutrition. 人工智能在临床营养学中的未来。

IF 3.1 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2023-08-29 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000000977

Pierre Singer, Eyal Robinson, Orit Raphaeli

{"title":"The future of artificial intelligence in clinical nutrition.","authors":"Pierre Singer, Eyal Robinson, Orit Raphaeli","doi":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000000977","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000000977","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Artificial intelligence has reached the clinical nutrition field. To perform personalized medicine, numerous tools can be used. In this review, we describe how the physician can utilize the growing healthcare databases to develop deep learning and machine learning algorithms, thus helping to improve screening, assessment, prediction of clinical events and outcomes related to clinical nutrition.Recent findings: Artificial intelligence can be applied to all the fields of clinical nutrition. Improving screening tools, identifying malnourished cancer patients or obesity using large databases has been achieved. In intensive care, machine learning has been able to predict enteral feeding intolerance, diarrhea, or refeeding hypophosphatemia. The outcome of patients with cancer can also be improved. Microbiota and metabolomics profiles are better integrated with the clinical condition using machine learning. However, ethical considerations and limitations of the use of artificial intelligence should be considered.Summary: Artificial intelligence is here to support the decision-making process of health professionals. Knowing not only its limitations but also its power will allow precision medicine in clinical nutrition as well as in the rest of the medical practice.","PeriodicalId":10962,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care","volume":" ","pages":"200-206"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10178007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Modulation of beta-hydroxybutyrate in traumatic brain injury. 创伤性脑损伤中的β-羟丁酸调节。

IF 3.1 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-03 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001008

Niraj Arora, Dhaval Hitendrakumar Shastri, Utsav Prakashbhai Patel, Kunal Bhatia

{"title":"Modulation of beta-hydroxybutyrate in traumatic brain injury.","authors":"Niraj Arora, Dhaval Hitendrakumar Shastri, Utsav Prakashbhai Patel, Kunal Bhatia","doi":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001008","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001008","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a significant public health concern with substantial morbidity and mortality rates in the United States. Current management strategies primarily focus on symptomatic approaches and prevention of secondary complications. However, recent research highlights the potential role of ketone bodies, particularly beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), in modulating cellular processes involved in TBI. This article reviews the metabolism of BHB, its effect in TBI, and its potential therapeutic impact in TBI.Recent findings: BHB can be produced endogenously through fasting or administered exogenously through ketogenic diets, and oral or intravenous supplements. Studies suggest that BHB may offer several benefits in TBI, including reducing oxidative stress, inflammation, controlling excitotoxicity, promoting mitochondrial respiration, and supporting brain regeneration. Various strategies to modulate BHB levels are discussed, with exogenous ketone preparations emerging as a rapid and effective option.Summary: BHB offers potential therapeutic advantages in the comprehensive approach to improve outcomes for TBI patients. However, careful consideration of safety and efficacy is essential when incorporating it into TBI treatment protocols. The timing, dosage, and long-term effects of ketone use in TBI patients require further investigation to fully understand its potential benefits and limitations.","PeriodicalId":10962,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care","volume":" ","pages":"168-177"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139086220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The 10 essential questions regarding lipoprotein(a). 关于脂蛋白的10个基本问题(a)

IF 3.1 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-14 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000000994

Karam M Kostner, Gerhard M Kostner

引用次数: 0

Metabolic failure due to thiamine deficiency during critical illness. 危重病人缺乏硫胺素导致代谢衰竭。

IF 3.1 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-10 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001017

Cristian Cobilinschi, Cosmin-Andrei Andrei, Ioana Marina Grinţescu, Liliana Mirea

{"title":"Metabolic failure due to thiamine deficiency during critical illness.","authors":"Cristian Cobilinschi, Cosmin-Andrei Andrei, Ioana Marina Grinţescu, Liliana Mirea","doi":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001017","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001017","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Thiamine is a crucial component in cellular energy metabolism, serving as a cofactor for multiple enzymatic processes and also having a role in regulating neuronal and neuromuscular transmission. Also it exerts antioxidant proprieties. The objective of this review is to consolidate and assess the most recent research concerning the consequences of insufficient thiamine levels for critically ill patients and to examine thiamine-related interventions.Recent findings: Recent studies have unveiled a noteworthy association between thiamine deficiency and unfavorable consequences, such as heightened morbidity and fatality rates. The aforementioned deficiency exhibits a significant presence in medical situations such as starvation and alcohol use disorder, but also in patients during critical illness. Thiamine deficiency can have significant metabolic implications resulting in compromised energy generation and organ dysfunction, warranting prompt recognition and management.Summary: Thiamine deficiency may not be recognized in critical care. Timely identification and management are imperative to mitigate adverse outcomes and improve patient prognosis. Thiamine may offer benefits for specific patient groups at higher risk of deficiency. Future studies should focus to establish optimal dosing, timing, and monitoring strategies on understanding the pathophysiological changes associated with thiamine deficiency in ICU patients and clarify its role in improving clinical outcomes.","PeriodicalId":10962,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care","volume":" ","pages":"155-162"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139416628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The use of triiodothyronine during critical illness. 危重病人使用三碘甲状腺原氨酸。

IF 3.1 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-03 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001012

Matthew J Maiden, Simon Forehan

{"title":"The use of triiodothyronine during critical illness.","authors":"Matthew J Maiden, Simon Forehan","doi":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001012","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001012","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Thyroid hormone physiology changes during critical illness. Circulating concentration of triiodothyronine (T3), the active form of thyroid hormone decreases. It has long been uncertain whether this represents a pathologic change or if it is an adaptive phenomenon. Controlled clinical trials have been required to understand whether replacing and restoring serum T3 levels is therapeutic.Recent findings: Clinical trials of T3 have recently been proposed with some completed. These have been conducted in patients with sepsis, myocardial infarction, infants undergoing cardiac surgery, and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Of the completed trials, T3 administration restored serum concentrations, but was not accompanied by significant clinical benefit. Importantly, restoring serum T3 levels did not cause any adverse effects.Summary: If T3 is to be considered a therapeutic target in critical illness, further studies should consider the stage of disease it is administered, and whether there are other surrogate measures to assess adequacy of hormone replacement over and above serum T3 concentrations.","PeriodicalId":10962,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care","volume":" ","pages":"163-167"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139086221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Urea cycle disorders in critically Ill adults. 危重成人的尿素循环障碍。

IF 3.1 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-06 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000000992

Micah T Long, Jacqueline M Kruser, Shane C Quinonez

{"title":"Urea cycle disorders in critically Ill adults.","authors":"Micah T Long, Jacqueline M Kruser, Shane C Quinonez","doi":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000000992","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000000992","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Urea cycle disorders (UCDs) cause elevations in ammonia which, when severe, cause irreversible neurologic injury. Most patients with UCDs are diagnosed as neonates, though mild UCDs can present later - even into adulthood - during windows of high physiologic stress, like critical illness. It is crucial for clinicians to understand when to screen for UCDs and appreciate how to manage these disorders in order to prevent devastating neurologic injury or death.Recent findings: Hyperammonemia, particularly if severe, causes time- and concentration-dependent neurologic injury. Mild UCDs presenting in adulthood are increasingly recognized, so broader screening in adults is recommended. For patients with UCDs, a comprehensive, multitiered approach to management is needed to prevent progression and irreversible injury. Earlier exogenous clearance is increasingly recognized as an important complement to other therapies.Summary: UCDs alter the core pathway for ammonia metabolism. Screening for mild UCDs in adults with unexplained neurologic symptoms can direct care and prevent deterioration. Management of UCDs emphasizes decreasing ongoing ammonia production, avoiding catabolism, and supporting endogenous and exogenous ammonia clearance. Core neuroprotective and supportive critical care supplements this focused therapy.","PeriodicalId":10962,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care","volume":" ","pages":"184-191"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71479223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nutritional management during critical illness in those with previous obesity surgery. 曾接受过肥胖症手术的患者在重症期间的营养管理。

IF 3.1 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-04 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001014

Maria Isabel Toulson Davisson Correia, Ricardo Schilling Rosenfeld

{"title":"Nutritional management during critical illness in those with previous obesity surgery.","authors":"Maria Isabel Toulson Davisson Correia, Ricardo Schilling Rosenfeld","doi":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001014","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001014","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: The prevalence of overweight and obesity in our society is a pressing concern that has demanded immediate attention. Traditional treatments have proven ineffective for many individuals, leading to a surge in bariatric surgery as a last resort. While the rate of early and late postoperative complications may be low, when they occur, they place these patients at higher risk of requiring intensive care treatment. Therefore, it is our aim to discuss the nutritional care of these individuals.Recent findings: Nutritional management of critically ill postbariatric surgical patients is related to the difficulty of providing an adequate nutritional assessment, calculating the macro and micronutrient requirements, choosing the right therapy, and defining the timely moment to initiate it. The anatomic changes related to the bariatric operation pose a high risk for a nonfunctional gastrointestinal tract both in the early postoperative and late postoperative. Therefore, the route of nutrition will greatly rely on the absorptive capacity, as well as on the nutritional status, with parenteral nutrition being an early option, especially for those with high critical care severity scores. Also, these patients are known to have an altered microbiota which may influence the absorptive capacity. Immunonutrition, prebiotics, probiotics, and symbiotics may represent potential options, but there is currently little support for 'one size fits all'.Summary: The nutritional care of critically ill patients postbariatric surgery is a complex and nuanced process requiring a multifaceted precision approach. The distinct nutritional challenges of early and late postoperative patients necessitate a thorough nutritional assessment and a highly individualized nutritional care plan.","PeriodicalId":10962,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care","volume":" ","pages":"192-199"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139402262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0