Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care最新文献_第5页

Perioperative nutrition in older patients: what are the priorities? 老年患者围手术期的营养：重点是什么？

IF 3 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-02 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001085

Oya Gumuskaya, Sahnoun Skendri, Karen Birkenhead, Mitchell N Sarkies

{"title":"Perioperative nutrition in older patients: what are the priorities?","authors":"Oya Gumuskaya, Sahnoun Skendri, Karen Birkenhead, Mitchell N Sarkies","doi":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001085","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001085","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: This review aimed to synthesize recent literature on perioperative nutritional interventions for older patients.Recent findings: This review underscores the role of comprehensive preoperative optimization, strategic use of nutritional supplements focusing on calorie, protein, and fluid intake, and active involvement of health consumers in co-designing solutions. Tools like the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index offer a prediction value for nutrition-related complications in preoperative patients, guiding management strategies. Oral nutritional supplements, particularly those rich in protein and carbohydrates, prevent weight loss and improve functional outcomes postsurgery. However, patient satisfaction with these interventions is inconsistent and often unmeasured. Evidence suggests that prolonged fluid deprivation is harmful and preoperative hydration protocols reduce surgical stress and improve recovery outcomes. Yet, the benefit of preoperative hydration remains under-researched. Multimodal interventions for frail older adults are increasingly considered more effective than single-aspect interventions, which involve combining prehabilitation programs targeting malnutrition with smoking cessation and stabilization of preexisting conditions.Summary: Comprehensive preoperative nutritional assessment, evidence-based interventions, and health consumer involvement are crucial for improving perioperative care for elderly patients. Implementing multimodal interventions, including nutritional support and proper hydration, can enhance recovery, reduce complications, and improve the quality of life for older surgical patients.","PeriodicalId":10962,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care","volume":" ","pages":"6-13"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142603533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Editorial introductions. 编辑介绍。

IF 3 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-12 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001090

引用次数: 0

Assessment of micronutrients - searching for the evidence. 评估微量营养素--寻找证据。

IF 3 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-03 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001074

Manfred Eggersdorfer, Karin Amrein

引用次数: 0

Nutrition in pediatric end-stage liver disease. 小儿终末期肝病的营养问题。

IF 3 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001063

Tejas S Desai, Jessie M Hulst, Robert Bandsma, Sagar Mehta

{"title":"Nutrition in pediatric end-stage liver disease.","authors":"Tejas S Desai, Jessie M Hulst, Robert Bandsma, Sagar Mehta","doi":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001063","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001063","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: The aim of this review is to outline recent studies relating to nutritional status and outcomes in pediatric end-stage liver disease.Main findings: Pediatric patients with chronic and end-stage liver disease are at high risk of malnutrition. Given additional growth demands in children and the inherent complications of chronic liver disease, achieving adequate nutrition in these patients remains a challenge. In addition, while guidelines on nutrition in chronic liver disease exist, global approaches and definitions of malnutrition vary. Recent literature has focused on sarcopenia and nutrition-related transplant outcomes, with some studies exploring nutritional assessment and management. Pediatric studies however continue to lag adult research, with limited prospective and interventional studies.Summary: Optimizing nutrition in pediatric end-stage liver disease remains a challenge, however understanding of the mechanisms and clinical manifestations of malnutrition in this population is improving. Despite these efforts, high quality studies to determine optimal nutrition strategies and interventions are lacking behind adult evidence and should be the focus of future research.","PeriodicalId":10962,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care","volume":" ","pages":"492-498"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142281709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Progress in physiologically based pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic models of amino acids in humans. 基于生理学的人体氨基酸药代动力学-药效学模型的研究进展。

IF 3 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-02 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001067

Taylor J McColl, David C Clarke

{"title":"Progress in physiologically based pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic models of amino acids in humans.","authors":"Taylor J McColl, David C Clarke","doi":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001067","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001067","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Amino acids are critical to health, serving both as constituents of proteins and in signaling and metabolism. Amino acids are consumed as nutrients, supplements, and nutraceuticals. Much remains to be learned about amino acid function. Physiologically based pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic (PBPK-PD) modeling is an emerging tool for studying their complex biology. This review highlights recent PBPK-PD models developed to study amino acid physiology and metabolism and discusses their potential for addressing unresolved questions in the field.Recent findings: PBPK-PD models provided several insights. They revealed the interplay between the mechanisms by which leucine governs skeletal muscle protein metabolism in healthy adults. The models also identified optimal dosing regimens of amino acid supplementation to treat sickle-cell disease and recurrent hypoglycemia, and to minimize drug side effects in seizure disorders. Additionally, they characterized the effects of novel anticancer drugs that seek to deprive cancer cells of amino acids. Future models may inform treatment strategies for sarcopenia, characterize distinctions between animal- and plant-based nutrition, and inform nutrient-drug interactions in Parkinson's disease.Summary: PBPK-PD models are powerful tools for studying amino acid physiology and metabolism, with applications to nutrition, pharmacology, and their interplay.","PeriodicalId":10962,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care","volume":" ","pages":"465-471"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141987522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Energy balance and obesity: the emerging role of glucagon like peptide-1 receptor agonists. 能量平衡与肥胖症：胰高血糖素样肽-1 受体激动剂的新作用。

IF 3 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-05 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001064

Noémie Beauregard, Kurt McInnis, Gary S Goldfield, Éric Doucet

{"title":"Energy balance and obesity: the emerging role of glucagon like peptide-1 receptor agonists.","authors":"Noémie Beauregard, Kurt McInnis, Gary S Goldfield, Éric Doucet","doi":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001064","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001064","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: With obesity affecting over one billion people globally, understanding and managing this complex condition is more crucial than ever. This review explores the emerging role of GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) in weight management, focusing on their impact on energy balance. It highlights the necessity of this investigation due to the limited knowledge on both the short-term and long-term implications of GLP-1RA on energy expenditure (EE) and energy intake (EI).Recent findings: GLP-1RA, such as liraglutide and semaglutide, have shown significant efficacy in promoting weight loss by reducing appetite, cravings and consequently, EI. Newer medications such as tirzepatide have demonstrated even greater weight loss success. Emerging evidence also suggests potential effects on EE, which could explain the greater weight loss success achieved with GLP-1 RA rather than typical lifestyle changes. However, comprehensive data on the total impact of these drugs on energy balance remain limited.Summary: The findings underscore the promising role of GLP-1RA in obesity management, particularly through mechanisms influencing both EI and EE. Future research should focus on systematically measuring all components of energy balance to fully elucidate the mechanisms of GLP-1RA and optimize their therapeutic use for personalized medicine.","PeriodicalId":10962,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care","volume":" ","pages":"472-478"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141987520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prediabetes and insulin resistance: effect of vitamin D. 糖尿病前期和胰岛素抵抗：维生素 D 的影响。

IF 3 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-26 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001070

Tetsuya Kawahara

{"title":"Prediabetes and insulin resistance: effect of vitamin D.","authors":"Tetsuya Kawahara","doi":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001070","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001070","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: The impact of vitamin D on improving insulin resistance in prediabetes remains controversial. The purpose of this review is to examine whether vitamin D supplementation improves insulin resistance in adults with prediabetes, and if so, to identify the mechanisms and the specific populations.Recent findings: Global prevalence of prediabetes is increasing, and prevention is a critical issue because these people with prediabetes will develop type 2 diabetes soon, which will put pressure on healthcare costs. Recent evidence on the effectiveness of vitamin D administration in improving insulin resistance and preventing the onset of type 2 diabetes in adults with prediabetes has been accumulating. The 2024 updated clinical practice guideline of the American Diabetes Association states that vitamin D administration to patients with prediabetes potentially benefits type 2 diabetes incidence in specific populations. There are also reports that vitamin D administration improves insulin resistance via increased serum osteocalcin levels, a marker of bone turnover.Summary: Vitamin D is likely to improve insulin resistance, which is already present at the time of prediabetes. However, the effectiveness may vary depending on ethnic differences and blood vitamin D levels at the start of administration.","PeriodicalId":10962,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care","volume":" ","pages":"509-514"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142281710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sarcopenia: nothing is as it seems. Author's response to Gonzalez, Cruz-Jentoft, Phillips and Prado. 肌肉疏松症：一切都不尽如人意。作者对 Gonzalez、Cruz-Jentoft、Phillips 和 Prado 的回应。

IF 3 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-03 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001073

Federico Bozzetti

引用次数: 0

Muscle loss: does one size fit all? A comment on Bozzetti's paper. 肌肉流失：一刀切吗？对 Bozzetti 论文的评论。

IF 3 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-26 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001072

Maria Cristina Gonzalez, Alfonso J Cruz-Jentoft, Stuart M Phillips, Carla M Prado

引用次数: 0

Editorial introductions. 编辑介绍。

IF 3 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-03 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001076

引用次数: 0