Specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators in gut immunophysiology: from dietary precursors to inflammation resolution.

IF 3 3区医学 Q2 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2025-01-14 DOI:10.1097/MCO.0000000000001103

Emmanuel Albuquerque-Souza, Jesmond Dalli

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Abstract

Purpose of review: This review aims to examine recent research on the role of specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) in the regulation of gut immunophysiology.

Recent findings: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterized by chronic inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract, driven by disruptions in the intestinal barrier and an imbalance between the host immune system and gut microbiota. Dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), especially ω-3 and ω-6, are key regulators of immune responses and help maintain the integrity of the intestinal barrier. These PUFAs serve as precursors to SPMs, lipid mediators that play a critical role in resolving inflammation. SPMs actively reprogram immune cells, promoting the clearance of cellular debris, reducing cytokine production, and restoring tissue homeostasis without suppressing the immune response. Emerging evidence indicates that in the gut, SPMs strengthen intestinal barrier function, modulate immune responses in colitis and colon cancer, and influence gut microbiota composition.

Summary: The recent evidence strongly supports the central role of SPMs in maintaining gut health and restoring organ function following inflammatory challenges. This evidence highlights the potential of therapeutic approaches that target these pathways for both the prevention and treatment of gut-related inflammatory conditions.

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肠道免疫生理中专门的促溶解脂质介质：从饮食前体到炎症解决。

综述目的：本文综述了近年来关于特异性促溶介质（SPMs）在肠道免疫生理调节中的作用的研究进展。最近发现：炎症性肠病（IBD）的特征是胃肠道慢性炎症，由肠道屏障破坏和宿主免疫系统和肠道微生物群之间的不平衡驱动。膳食中的多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFAs），尤其是ω-3和ω-6，是免疫反应的关键调节因子，有助于维持肠道屏障的完整性。这些PUFAs是SPMs的前体，SPMs是在解决炎症中起关键作用的脂质介质。SPMs积极地重编程免疫细胞，促进细胞碎片的清除，减少细胞因子的产生，在不抑制免疫反应的情况下恢复组织稳态。新的证据表明，在肠道中，SPMs增强肠道屏障功能，调节结肠炎和结肠癌的免疫反应，并影响肠道微生物群组成。摘要：最近的证据有力地支持SPMs在炎症挑战后维持肠道健康和恢复器官功能中的核心作用。这一证据强调了针对这些途径的治疗方法在预防和治疗肠道相关炎症方面的潜力。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care 医学-内分泌学与代谢

CiteScore

5.30

自引率

6.50%

发文量

116

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： A high impact review journal which boasts an international readership, Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care offers a broad-based perspective on the most recent and exciting developments within the field of clinical nutrition and metabolic care. Published bimonthly, each issue features insightful editorials and high quality invited reviews covering two or three key disciplines which include protein, amino acid metabolism and therapy, lipid metabolism and therapy, nutrition and the intensive care unit and carbohydrates. Each discipline introduces world renowned guest editors to ensure the journal is at the forefront of knowledge development and delivers balanced, expert assessments of advances from the previous year.