Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care最新文献_第4页

Can exercise reduce fatigue in people living with kidney disease?

IF 3 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2025-01-27 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001113

Thomas J Wilkinson, Lisa Ancliffe, Jamie H Macdonald

{"title":"Can exercise reduce fatigue in people living with kidney disease?","authors":"Thomas J Wilkinson, Lisa Ancliffe, Jamie H Macdonald","doi":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/MCO.0000000000001113","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: In people living with kidney disease (KD) Fatigue is a whole-body tiredness that is not related to activity or exertion. Often self-reported, fatigue is a common and highly burdensome symptom, yet poorly defined and understood. While its mechanisms are complex, many fatigue-related factors may be altered by exercise and physical activity intervention. Thus, this review aims to review the latest research on exercise in reducing fatigue in people living with KD.Recent findings: The benefits of exercise in KD are well known, yet recent data from clinical trials on fatigue are scarce. Favourable effects on fatigue were found through a myriad of physical activity and exercise-based interventions, including using exercise-based video games, exercise during dialysis, nurse-led exercise programs, and home-based exercise delivered by a novel digital health intervention. Yet, whilst the handful of recent trials show positive efficacy on fatigue across the spectrum of KD, contemporary exercise-based research was impacted critically by COVID-19, and the field is limited by underpowered trials and heterogeneity of assessment tools.Summary: Fatigue remains, at best, a secondary outcome measure in trials despite it being the most commonly reported symptom in KD. Given its importance to the people it impacts most, better quality evidence is needed to fully understand and optimize the impact of exercise in this group.","PeriodicalId":10962,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143058363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The impact of lifestyle factors across the life course on sarcopenia and physical frailty.

IF 3 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2025-01-23 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001111

Daphne Zihui Yang, Joanne Kua, Wee Shiong Lim

{"title":"The impact of lifestyle factors across the life course on sarcopenia and physical frailty.","authors":"Daphne Zihui Yang, Joanne Kua, Wee Shiong Lim","doi":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/MCO.0000000000001111","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Muscle health helps maintain locomotor capacity, a key component of intrinsic capacity, which is required for healthy ageing. Sarcopenia is characterized by the age-related decline in muscle mass and strength leading to impaired physical performance, and has been described as a biological substrate of physical frailty. Both sarcopenia and physical frailty share phenotypic features of weakness and slowness, lead to common adverse outcomes, and have potential for reversal through early identification and intervention. The purpose of this review is to present recent evidence for the impact of lifestyle interventions across the life course on sarcopenia and physical frailty.Recent findings: Resistance exercise alone or combined with balance and aerobic training as part of a multicomponent exercise program and high-quality diets incorporating adequate protein remain the mainstay of treatment for sarcopenia and physical frailty. Reducing sedentary time and increasing physical activity, adherence to Mediterranean diet, increasing vegetable and caffeinated beverage intake, cardiovascular risk factor modification, improving sleep hygiene and depressive symptoms may also contribute to slowing down age-related decline in muscle health.Summary: Lifestyle interventions such as physical activity, diet, sleep and mental health are effective against sarcopenia and physical frailty. Targeting lifestyle modifications in early to midlife may retard further decline in locomotor capacity and optimize intrinsic capacity of older persons, reducing the risk of sarcopenia, physical frailty and their attendant negative health outcomes.","PeriodicalId":10962,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143188527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Progress in dysphagia management in older patients. 老年患者吞咽困难管理的进展。

IF 3 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-02 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001086

Gero Lueg, Maryam Pourhassan, Rainer Wirth

{"title":"Progress in dysphagia management in older patients.","authors":"Gero Lueg, Maryam Pourhassan, Rainer Wirth","doi":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001086","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001086","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: The review summarizes current knowledge, recent findings and knowledge gaps about the pathophysiology and therapy of oropharyngeal dysphagia in older persons.Recent findings: Oropharyngeal dysphagia is a major yet underrecognized health problem in older persons. Due to its high prevalence, its multifactorial etiology and multimodal treatment it has been classified as a geriatric syndrome. Although the knowledge of its pathophysiology and the effective diagnostic approach increased substantially during the last years, there is still minor evidence on how to effectively manage and treat dysphagia. However, treatment should be a multicomponent approach, combining swallowing training, nutritional therapy and oral hygiene. Emerging new fields are neurostimulation and chemical sensory stimulation which may be added in selected patients and indications. The individual components to be chosen should be based on the individual dysphagia pattern and severity as well as the capabilities of the patient. Frequently, the competing risks of inadequate nutrition and unsafe swallowing represent a challenge in determining the individual relevance of each component.Summary: The understanding of the pathophysiology of oropharyngeal dysphagia increased substantially during recent years. However, due the multifaceted appearance of dysphagia, which requires an individualized treatment, the evidence for therapeutic approaches increases rather slowly.","PeriodicalId":10962,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care","volume":" ","pages":"14-19"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142603534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mammalian colonic contribution of amino acids to whole-body homeostasis. 哺乳动物结肠中的氨基酸对全身平衡的贡献

IF 3 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-21 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001082

Sindhu Kashyap, Anura V Kurpad

{"title":"Mammalian colonic contribution of amino acids to whole-body homeostasis.","authors":"Sindhu Kashyap, Anura V Kurpad","doi":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001082","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001082","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: The colon is an effective bioreactor with auxotrophic microbiota that can serve by hydrolyzing dietary and endogenous protein, as well as by synthesizing essential amino acids through nitrogen salvage. Due to assumed negligible amino acid absorption, this colonic contribution was thought to be minimal, but this may not be true.Recent findings: Several studies that examined the colonic environment in health and disease, show the presence of proteases in the colonic lumen, which are of both host and microbial origin, along with indirect evidence of amino acid transporters in the colonic epithelium. There are also amino acid biosynthetic pathways in the microflora, and the contribution of colonic amino acid to host amino acid nutrition has been shown in wild animals. Yet, current direct and quantitative evidence on amino acid absorption in human colon is minimal.Summary: Although amino acid absorption in colon is not very well established, current studies show that substantial amounts of amino acid could possibly be contributed to the host by the colon. There is a need for assessing this contribution quantitatively using direct isotopic methods under different nutritional conditions, dietary intakes, and clinical conditions.","PeriodicalId":10962,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care","volume":" ","pages":"39-43"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142557365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Protein requirement in obesity. 肥胖症对蛋白质的需求。

IF 3 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001087

Peter J M Weijs

{"title":"Protein requirement in obesity.","authors":"Peter J M Weijs","doi":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001087","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001087","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: The combined obesity and ageing pandemic require action to avoid a total health system infarct. Obesity is largely challenged with caloric restriction and endurance exercise, likely to be assisted by drugs. The older adults with the highest obesity levels may face extreme loss of muscle mass and increased risk of sarcopenic obesity.Within this context the question of what is the protein requirement is extremely urgent.Recent findings: While the topic is essential, no trials have directly assessed protein requirements for obesity. Therefore, we will have to deal with more indirect evidence. Several systematic reviews have appeared for obesity treatment involving protein and a few randomized controlled trials during weight loss are worth mentioning considering the amount of protein needed, especially with increasing age.Summary: Protein requirements are hard to derive for obesity defined by BMI over 30 perse. During weight loss the rebuilding of the body is likely to need at least 1.2 g/kg body weight/d with a maximum weight of BMI 30, especially in the aged. Obesity might increase protein requirements, however being obese with a healthy and active lifestyle might result in normal protein requirements.","PeriodicalId":10962,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care","volume":" ","pages":"27-32"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142603535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exposure to food proteins: from basic knowledge on the requirements to subgroup specificities. 接触食物蛋白质：从基本知识的要求到亚组特异性。

IF 3 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-12 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001088

Rajavel Elango, Claire Gaudichon

引用次数: 0

Nutritional specificity of frailty: from epidemiological and clinical evidence to potential mechanisms. 虚弱的营养特异性：从流行病学和临床证据到潜在机制。

IF 3 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-12 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001079

Laetitia Lengelé, Natasha A Grande de França, Philipe de Souto Barreto, Yves Rolland

{"title":"Nutritional specificity of frailty: from epidemiological and clinical evidence to potential mechanisms.","authors":"Laetitia Lengelé, Natasha A Grande de França, Philipe de Souto Barreto, Yves Rolland","doi":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/MCO.0000000000001079","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Considering the ageing of the population, age-related syndromes, such as frailty, are prominent. In this context, nutrition is a modifiable factor considered a key nonpharmacological approach to prevention and treatment. Yet, its contribution to the frailty pathophysiology is conflicting in the literature. This paper discusses the recent literature (January 2023-June 2024) on the implication of nutrition in frailty management.Recent findings: Malnutrition is one of the main frailty risk factors. Proteins are the targeted macronutrient for their effects on muscle anabolism, not only in terms of quantity consumed but also in terms of sources. The diversity in plant and animal sources demonstrates better results than relying on a single source. More globally, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant diets are associated with a lower risk of frailty, like the Mediterranean Diet and specific food groups, like seafood, nuts, and seeds. Nutrition is pivotal in frailty prevention and treatment, and multidomain interventions providing exercises seem to yield even better results.Summary: Diverse protein sources and anti-inflammatory and antioxidant diets associated with exercises are the primary recommendations for frailty prevention and treatment. However, there is a need to evaluate how to achieve and maintain this healthy behaviour in real life.","PeriodicalId":10962,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care","volume":"28 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142806451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

What's new about hydration in dementia? 痴呆症中的水合作用有什么新发现？

IF 3 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-04 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001089

Xenophon Theodoridis, Kalliopi Anna Poulia, Michail Chourdakis

{"title":"What's new about hydration in dementia?","authors":"Xenophon Theodoridis, Kalliopi Anna Poulia, Michail Chourdakis","doi":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001089","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001089","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: The aim of this study was to conduct a review of the literature published over the past 18 months and present the latest findings on hydration in individuals with dementia.Recent findings: A systematic review identified sarcopenia, polypharmacy, delayed oral transit, and poor rinsing ability as markers of eating-drinking-swallowing difficulties in early-stage dementia. A cross-sectional study found a high prevalence of dehydration (57-68%) among dementia patients, associated with hypertension, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, dysphagia, and cognitive decline. An analysis of national dementia care guidelines showed that only the UK and Switzerland addressed assisted nutrition and hydration. \"Jelly Drops,\" a hydrating product for dementia patients, received innovation awards. A study on US Physician Orders for Life Sustaining Treatment forms highlighted inconsistent terminology for end-of-life nutrition and hydration, calling for clearer language to aid decision-making.Summary: The new hydration-related recommendations in the ESPEN 2024 guidelines for dementia reflect a more individualized, proactive, and comprehensive approach to managing hydration. These guidelines emphasize the importance of early detection, personalized interventions, and consistent monitoring to ensure that dehydration is identified and treated promptly. Furthermore, the current literature supports the need for a specific terminology for dementia management using nutrition and hydration to improve patients' health outcomes.","PeriodicalId":10962,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care","volume":"28 1","pages":"20-24"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142806453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Formula protein versus human milk protein and the effects on growth in preterm born infants. 配方奶蛋白与人乳蛋白的比较及其对早产儿生长的影响。

IF 3 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-11 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001084

Jacqueline Muts, Britt J van Keulen, Johannes B van Goudoever, Chris H P van den Akker

{"title":"Formula protein versus human milk protein and the effects on growth in preterm born infants.","authors":"Jacqueline Muts, Britt J van Keulen, Johannes B van Goudoever, Chris H P van den Akker","doi":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001084","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001084","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: This review aims to evaluate the latest available evidence on the differences between human milk proteins versus infant formula proteins and its effects on growth and development in preterm infants.Recent findings: High protein intake supports initial growth in preterm infants, although the long-term benefits remain unclear. Human milk requires adequate fortification to meet nutritional needs of preterm born infants. Formula feeding, with its higher protein content, may accelerate early weight gain but also increases the risk of necrotizing enterocolitis. Current evidence showed no significant advantages of human milk-derived fortifiers over bovine milk-derived fortifiers. Furthermore, studies published during the review period do not provide new evidence that alters the existing understanding of differences in neurodevelopmental outcomes between infants fed human milk and those fed formula.Summary: Both fortified human milk and preterm formula support growth in preterm infants, but human milk offers additional protective benefits, such as reducing the risk of necrotizing enterocolitis, making it the preferred option. Balancing immediate growth needs with potential long-term developmental outcomes remains crucial, highlighting the need for further research to determine the optimal protein intake for preterm infants.","PeriodicalId":10962,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care","volume":"28 1","pages":"33-38"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11634171/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142806449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

New dietary trends and alternative proteins: the emergence of novel food allergens. 新的饮食趋势和替代蛋白质：新型食物过敏原的出现。

IF 3 3区医学

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-16 DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001081

Yara Awad, Hervé Bernard, Karine Adel-Patient, Stéphane Hazebrouck

{"title":"New dietary trends and alternative proteins: the emergence of novel food allergens.","authors":"Yara Awad, Hervé Bernard, Karine Adel-Patient, Stéphane Hazebrouck","doi":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001081","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MCO.0000000000001081","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: New dietary trends driven by environmental and health considerations will undoubtedly lead to the emergence of novel food allergens. Assessment of the allergenic risk of new or modified protein-containing food sources and ingredients, as well as surveillance of emerging food allergies, is then required.Recent findings: Developments of in silico and in vitro models apprehending protein capacity to cross-react with other homologous proteins and to induce a de novo allergic sensitization are ongoing to better integrate multiple parameters such as 3D structural information or major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC-II) presentation propensity. However, the effects of food matrices and food processing still need to be addressed in these models. Consequently, clinical and postmarket surveillance remain of critical importance to alert on emergent food allergies, which are modulated by regional dietary practices.Summary: Monitoring of the emergence of food allergens requires close collaborations between allergologists, consumers, patient associations and food safety authorities. We also need to get a consensus on an acceptable level of allergenic risk that offers the possibility to develop and market innovative and sustainable food products.","PeriodicalId":10962,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care","volume":" ","pages":"44-49"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142460048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0