Current HIV Research最新文献

{"title":"Outcomes of Total Hip Arthroplasty Performed for HIV-Associated Osteonecrosis in China: A Retrospective Cohort Study","authors":"Kangpeng Li, Rui Ma, Rugang Zhao, Qiang Zhang","doi":"10.2174/011570162x302889240408033958","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/011570162x302889240408033958","url":null,"abstract":"Background:: In the post-epidemic era, Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) remains one of the most prevalent and detrimental infectious diseases worldwide. The incidence of osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) in AIDS patients is 100 times higher than that in healthy individuals. Although Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA) is ultimately necessary for most patients, there is still a dearth of evidence regarding its safety and efficacy in Chinese AIDS patients. Methods:: The clinical data of 49 patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were retrospectively analyzed. Simultaneously, we categorized patients whose hemoglobin and albumin met a specific threshold as the optimized group and performed group comparisons. Results:: There are statistical differences in Harris score and VAS score pre- and post-operation, with a low overall complication rate. Notably, no disparities were observed between the optimized group and the partial optimized group in terms of overall conditions, laboratory examination indicators, severity of ONFH, surgical outcomes, surgical complications, pain perception or functional limitations. Furthermore, no correlation was found between CD4+ T lymphocytes and hemoglobin levels, albumin levels, white blood cell count, or platelet count. Conclusion:: THA is safe and effective in Chinese AIDS patients with ONFH. However, optimal treatment has limited efficacy in AIDS patients undergoing THA for ONFH. The reconsideration and evaluation of the predictive value of CD4+ T lymphocytes for postoperative complications in joint replacement procedures is warranted.","PeriodicalId":10911,"journal":{"name":"Current HIV Research","volume":"104 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140630967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Hidden Enemy Within: Uncovering the Secrets of HIV Tissues Reservoirs and Current mRNA Vaccine Development","authors":"Satyendra Prakash, Mayank Kumar","doi":"10.2174/011570162x301593240409072840","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/011570162x301593240409072840","url":null,"abstract":":: Human Immunodeficiency Viruses (HIV) continue to pose a significant global health threat despite the availability of antiretroviral therapy (ART). As a retrovirus, HIV persists as a stable, integrated, and replication-competent provirus within a diverse array of long-lived cells for many years, often termed “latent reservoirs” in individuals. Thus, this review aims to furnish a comprehensive overview of diverse tissue reservoirs where HIV persists, elucidating their pathogenesis and advancement in their strategies for clinical management. Understanding the mechanisms underlying HIV persistence within tissue reservoirs is of significant interest in developing effective ART for suppressing the virus in the blood. In addition, we also discussed the ongoing mRNA HIV vaccine that has shown promising results in clinical trials to elicit broadly neutralizing antibodies and effective T-cell responses against HIV.","PeriodicalId":10911,"journal":{"name":"Current HIV Research","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140628613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Interrelationship between HIV Infection and COVID-19: A Review of the Literature.","authors":"Yiyu Wang, Yu Lai","doi":"10.2174/011570162X282739231222062830","DOIUrl":"10.2174/011570162X282739231222062830","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic resulting from the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has led to significant morbidity and mortality in patients and put a strain on healthcare systems worldwide. The clinical characteristics and results of COVID-19 in immunosuppressed patients, such as people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH), considered at higher risk of severe disease, are not well-characterized. Accumulated evidence indicates that COVID-19 and the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) can interact in various ways. This review explored the similarities and differences in virology between SARS-CoV-2 and HIV, the effect of the COVID-19 vaccine on PLWH, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on PLWH care and prevention, and the influence of HIV-related factors on COVID-19. Discovering the potential link between HIV and COVID-19 may provide a novel way to avoid the factors of HIV and SARS-CoV-2 co-infection and advance future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":10911,"journal":{"name":"Current HIV Research","volume":" ","pages":"6-15"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139048507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rates of Viral Non-Suppression and Acquired HIV-1 Drug Resistance Emergence among Children during the Sociopolitical Crisis in the Northwest Region of Cameroon: A Call for Improved Monitoring Strategies.","authors":"Mobereade Ayokanmi, Joseph Fokam, Hyppolite Kuekou Tchidjou, Collins Ambe Chenwi, Gonsu Kamga Hortense, Nelly Kamgaing, Desire Takou, Grace Angong Beloumou, Ezechiel Semengue, Sandrine Djupsa, Alex Durand Nka, Georges Teto, Beatrice Dambaya, Samuel Martin Sosso, Maria Mercedes Santoro, Francesca Ceccherini-Silberstein, Rogers Ajeh Awoh, Gregory Edie Halle Ekane, Anne-Cecile Zoung Kanyi Bissek, Nicaise Ndembi, Vittorio Colizzi, Dora Mbanya, Carlo-Federico Perno, Alexis Ndjolo","doi":"10.2174/011570162X319028240830064946","DOIUrl":"10.2174/011570162X319028240830064946","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Virological failure (VF) among children remains concerning, with high risks of HIV drug resistance (HIVDR) emergence and increased disease progression. Therefore, monitoring of viral non-suppression and emerging HIVDR is crucial, especially in the frame of sociopolitical unrest.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The study sought to determine the prevalence of VF and evaluate the acquired HIVDR and viral genetic diversity among children in the Northwest region of Cameroon during the ongoing sociopolitical crisis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional facility-based study was conducted among HIV-infected children aged ≤18 years, receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) in urban and rural settings of Northwest Cameroon, from November 2017 through May 2018. Viral load (VL) was done using the Abbott m2000RealTime. Unsuppressed VL was defined as viral load ≥1,000 copies/ml. HIVDR testing was performed by sequencing of HIV-1 protease-reverse transcriptase at the Chantal Biya International Reference Center (CIRCB) using an in-house protocol. Drug resistance mutations (DRM) were interpreted using Stanford HIVdbv8.5 and phylogeny using MEGAv.6. Data were compared between urban and rural areas with p<0.05 considered statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 363 children were recruited, average age of 12 years (urban) and 8 years (rural). VL coverage was 100% in the urban setting and 77% in the rural setting. Overall, VF was 40.5% (39% [130/332] in the urban setting and 41% (13/31) in the rural setting; p=0.45). Overall, viral undetectability (defined as VL<40 copies/ml) was 45.5% (46% (urban) and 45% (rural); p=0.47). Among those experiencing confirmed virological failure and who were successfully sequenced (n=35), the overall rate of HIVDR was 100% (35/35). By drug class, HIVDR rates were 97.1% (34/35) for non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs), 97.1% (34/35) for NRTIs and 17.1% (6/35) for protease inhibitors (22.7% (5/22) in the urban setting and 7.7% [1/13] in the rural setting). CRF02_AG was the most prevalent viral clade (75%), followed by other recombinants (09_cpx, 11_cpx, 13_cpx, 22_01A1, 37_cpx) and pure subtypes (A1, F2, G, H).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this population of children and adolescents living with HIV in a context of socio-political instability in the North-West region of Cameroon, rates of viral non-suppression are high, and accompanied by HIVDR selection. Our findings suggest the need for a more differentiated care of these CAHIV, especially those in these regions faced with significant socio-economic and health impacts due to the ongoing crisis.</p>","PeriodicalId":10911,"journal":{"name":"Current HIV Research","volume":" ","pages":"336-348"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142388765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associated Factors of Sexual Initiation among Male Vocational High School Students in Zhejiang Province, China: A Cross-sectional Study.","authors":"Xiang Zhao, Zhongrong Yang, Hui Wang, Yu Huang, Weiyong Chen","doi":"10.2174/011570162X321685240802072001","DOIUrl":"10.2174/011570162X321685240802072001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aims to investigate the factors associated with sexual initiation among male vocational high school students (MVHSS) in Zhejiang Province, and provide a scientific basis for preventing unsafe sexual behavior and sexual health issues among adolescents.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>The prevalence of sexual behavior among young students has risen significantly in recent years. Contracting HIV poses a serious physical and psychological burden on young individuals and their families. Thus, it is imperative to promptly and effectively address the spread of HIV among young people.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The objectives of this study are to investigate the demographic characteristics of male vocational high school students (MVHSS) who have engaged in sexual activity and to identify associated factors, such as sexual attitudes and lifestyle, that may influence sexual initiation among this population, and to offer recommendations for interventions and policy development aimed at promoting healthy sexual behaviors among MVHSS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A survey was conducted among vocational high school students in grades one and two in Zhejiang Province. Variables that were statistically significantly associated with sexual initiation in bivariate analyses were included in a multivariate logistic regression model, which adopted a backward elimination procedure with a p-value > 0.10 as the exclusion criterion. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to describe the relationship between dependent and outcome variables., Results: Of the 1032 male participants, 17.4% had initiated sexual behavior. The multivariate analysis results indicated that those who were frequent smokers (adjusted OR[AOR] =4.89, 95% CI: 2.36-10.13), those who reported having been in love (AOR=2.86, 95% CI: 1.84-4.44), those currently in love (AOR=4.47, 95% CI: 2.68-7.45), those willing to have sex with a high school student (AOR =2.63, 95% CI: 3.31-6.50), those willing to pay for sex (AOR =1.90, 95% CI: 1.10-3.27), and those who had received sex education and STDs/AIDS prevention education in school (AOR =2.21, 95% CI: 1.53-3.18) were more likely to initiate sexual behavior.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Sexual attitudes among MVHSS are liberal, and the prevalence of sexual initiation is high. Interventions targeted at improving sexual safety education, reducing the rate of early initiation of sexual behavior, and promoting condom use among students must be implemented to reduce the risk of HIV infections and STDs among sexually active MVHSS.</p>","PeriodicalId":10911,"journal":{"name":"Current HIV Research","volume":" ","pages":"270-277"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141987517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction Models for HIV Infection in Infants: Analysis of Scoring Systems on Maternal, Infants, and Mode of Delivery Risk Factors.","authors":"Debbie Latupeirissa, Arwin A P Akib, Sri Rezeki S Hadinegoro, Fera Ibrahim, Asril Aminullah, Saptawati Bardosono, Ismoedijanto, Budi Utomo","doi":"10.2174/011570162X304984240822052915","DOIUrl":"10.2174/011570162X304984240822052915","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diagnosis for HIV in infants is hard to determine, particularly in limited-resource areas. A delay in the diagnosis of HIV-infected infants will lead to high morbidity and mortality. The purpose of this project is to construct a model of an HIV-positive infant and develop a useful and practical scoring system to estimate the likelihood of mother-to-child transmission that can be applied in the field.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study on 100 subjects through medical records of infants born to HIV-infected mothers was conducted at four hospitals and one community health center. Several models of risk prediction scores of HIV-infected infants were then made. Furthermore, the performed validation was performed on 20 subjects of infants born to mothers with HIV in three hospitals by comparing the scoring system and the result of the PCR RNA examination performed at the age of 6 weeks old.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The risk of HIV-infected infants was higher in mothers who did not receive ARV through PMTCT programs (OR 33.6; 95% CI 4.0 to 282.2), pulmonary TB infection (OR 5.1; IK95% 1.6 to 16.0) and vaginal delivery (OR 9.2; IK95 2.2 to 38.0%). Two models can predict the occurrence of infected HIV infants effectively. Model 1 consists of maternal age, maternal ARVs, lung TB infection, gestational age, mode of delivery, and sex of the infants with sensitivity and specificity of 78.9% and 70.8% (AUC=0.817 [95% CI 0.709 to 0.926]) and likelihood ratio score of 4. Model 2 consists of ARVs to the mother, pulmonary TB infection, and mode of delivery with sensitivity and specificity of 73.7% and 86.1%; AUC value of 0.812 (95% CI 0.687 to 0.938) and likelihood ratio of 5. External Validation gave similar results to the Model 2 scoring system with PCR RNA.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The prediction score of HIV-infected infants in Model 2 can be used in newborns of HIV-positive mothers as an effective and practical risk screening tool for HIV-infected infants before the gold standard examination by PCR.</p>","PeriodicalId":10911,"journal":{"name":"Current HIV Research","volume":" ","pages":"329-335"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142105212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does Maternal HIV Infection Affect Neonatal Outcomes?","authors":"Mohammadreza Zarkesh, Farzaneh Kermani, Mohammad Bolbolian Ghalibaf, Azam Orooji, Raheleh Moradi","doi":"10.2174/011570162X292489240812065510","DOIUrl":"10.2174/011570162X292489240812065510","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pregnancy among women infected with HIV is classified as a high-risk pregnancy. While previous research has indicated an elevated likelihood of preterm birth, low birth weight, and early gestational age in infants born to mothers with HIV, the correlation between maternal HIV infection and different neonatal results remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to investigate the impact of maternal HIV infection on after-birth neonatal outcomes using machine learning (ML) and statistical methods.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A case-control study is conducted through a three-stage process: Initially, the outcomes among newborns from HIV-positive mothers are identified through a combination of literature review and expert survey. Subsequently, data are paired at a 1:2 ratio based on gestational age with infants from HIV-positive mothers (n=48) compared to HIV-negative mothers (n=96) as the control group. Finally, filter, wrapper and embedded based feature selection techniques are applied to identify outcomes that exhibit significant differences between the two groups. feature selection techniques are applied to identify outcomes that exhibit significant differences between the two groups.</p><p><strong>Outcomes: </strong></p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The statistical analysis showed that the rate of addiction among HIV-positive mothers is higher than that of the HIV-negative group. The need for mechanical ventilation and duration of ventilator-assisted breathing in infants born to HIV-positive mothers are significantly higher than in infants born to HIV-negative mothers. Moreover, based on feature selection methods, increasing the need for mechanical ventilation and reducing surfactant administration were two important outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>To investigate the impact of maternal HIV infection on neonatal outcomes, various statistical and machine learning-based feature selection techniques were implemented, and the results showed that the presented methods can be utilized to examine the potential impacts of different diseases contracted by the mother on the infant.</p>","PeriodicalId":10911,"journal":{"name":"Current HIV Research","volume":" ","pages":"219-229"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142016660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Syphilis: A Retrospective Study among the Ege University HIV Cohort.","authors":"Oguzhan Acet, Sukru Dirik, Husnu Pullukcu, Meltem Tasbakan, Deniz Gokengin","doi":"10.2174/011570162X314456241114055019","DOIUrl":"10.2174/011570162X314456241114055019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction/objective: </strong>The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has led to significant changes in the lives, habits, and frequency of hospital admissions of People Living with HIV (PLWH). However, information is limited on the changes in the sexual behavior of these individuals and the resulting Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs). This study aimed to determine the trends in syphilis among the Ege University HIV cohort before and during the pandemic.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>All PLWH who presented to the HIV outpatient clinic of Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, for HIV care for the first time between January 1st, 2008 and October 1st, 2022, and whose laboratory results for syphilis were available, were reviewed. Those presenting between January 1st, 2008, and March 11th, 2020, were defined as the pre-pandemic (group A) cases, and those presenting between March 12th, 2020, and October 1st, 2022, were defined as the pandemic period (group B) cases. Clinical and laboratory information about the cases was obtained retrospectively from medical records.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The number of PLWH who presented to the clinic for a first visit with a new HIV diagnosis or follow-up between the specified dates was 1283 (956 group A, 327 group B). Overall, 155 (12.1%) PLWH were diagnosed with syphilis. A total of 204 syphilis episodes occurred during 6,173 Person-years of Follow-up (PYFU). Of these episodes, 86 (42.1%) were diagnosed in the pre-pandemic period, and 118 (57.8%) during the pandemic. The number of episodes during the pandemic was significantly higher in group A than in the pre-pandemic period (3.47 per 100 PYFU and 2.57 per 100 PYFU, respectively; p=0.0434). When comparing the number of episodes during the pandemic period, compared to group A, group B members had a significantly higher number of syphilis episodes during the pandemic (3.47 and 7.81 per 100 PYFU, respectively; p<.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study shows that syphilis rates remained high during the pandemic. Healthcare providers are recommended to prepare PLWH for potential emergencies to be encountered in the future and repeatedly remind them to use prevention in all high-risk circumstances.</p>","PeriodicalId":10911,"journal":{"name":"Current HIV Research","volume":" ","pages":"395-401"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142766143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Turkish Translation and Cross-Cultural Validity of WHOQOL-HIV Bref Tool.","authors":"Okan Derin, Ahsen Öncül, Hakkı Meriç Türkkan, Nazife Duygu Demirbaş, Özlem Gül, Hüsrev Diktaş, Dilek Yıldız Sevgi, Osman Hayran","doi":"10.2174/011570162X284526240219075823","DOIUrl":"10.2174/011570162X284526240219075823","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The assessment of health-related quality of life among people living with HIV (PLWH) has gained increasing importance as it assesses their overall well-being, guides treatment decisions, and addresses psychosocial challenges, improving their quality of life. This study focuses on adapting and validating the Turkish version of the WHOQOL-HIV Bref, a tool developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) to measure health-related quality of life in PLWH. This adaptation is based on the generic WHOQOL-Bref Turkish and WHOQOL-HIV Bref inventory.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In line with WHO guidelines, the tool was translated and tested on 189 PLWH from İstanbul Şişli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital's HIV outpatient clinic. A variety of statistical methods were employed to assess content, construct, concurrent, and known-group validity, as well as internal consistency and reliability.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants' median age was 35 years (IQR: 14), with 178(94%) being male. The Turkish WHOQOL-HIV Bref showed overall satisfactory psychometric properties. Despite limitations in the spirituality domain, it demonstrated good internal consistency (alpha coefficient: 0.93) and strong validity across several metrics, including test-retest reliability (ICC: 0.79).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The WHOQOL-HIV BREF in Turkish is a reliable and valid instrument for assessing the quality of life in Turkish PLWH.</p>","PeriodicalId":10911,"journal":{"name":"Current HIV Research","volume":" ","pages":"128-135"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139995887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Causes of Vitamin D Deficiency in a Cohort of Greek HIV-Infected Individuals: A Prospective, Single Center, Observational Study.","authors":"Theodoros Androutsakos, Marianna Politou, Sofia Boti, Theodoros Pittaras, Athanasios Kontos, Theodore Kordossis, Abraham Pouliakis, George Panayiotakopoulos","doi":"10.2174/011570162X302844240605104855","DOIUrl":"10.2174/011570162X302844240605104855","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Vitamin D deficiency and/or insufficiency (hypovitaminosis D) has been associated with several disorders including autoimmune diseases, like type 1 diabetes mellitus; cardiovascular diseases; neoplasms; obesity; insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. This problem is common in southern European countries, especially in elderly and institutionalized persons. In HIV-infected individuals, hypovitaminosis D has been correlated with various complications like tuberculosis, hyperparathyroidism, bone mass loss, premature atherosclerosis, and systemic arterial hypertension, deterioration of immune function, progression of the disease and overall mortality.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this study was to examine the prevalence and causes of hypovitaminosis D in a cohort of Greek HIV-infected patients, as well as possible complications associated with it.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>All patients attending our HIV unit for a period of 5 months were included in this study. Vitamin D status, medical anamnes, and laboratory tests were obtained at baseline; patients were followed for 3 years and HIV-related complications were noted. No patient received vitamin D supplementation during the follow-up period.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Hypovitaminosis D was common, with 83.7% of the patients showing levels below 30 ng/dl and 55.4% below 20 ng/dl. After multivariable analysis, age and duration of treatment were the only significant factors for low vitamin D levels. During follow-up, 26 patients exhibited a total of 34 HIV-related complications, the most common being pneumonocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PCP). Hypovitaminosis D showed a positive correlation with overall complications, PCP as well as wasting syndrome.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Overall, our study shows that hypovitaminosis D is common in HIV-infected individuals and should probably be treated as soon as possible to protect these patients from serious HIVrelated complications like PCP or wasting syndrome.</p>","PeriodicalId":10911,"journal":{"name":"Current HIV Research","volume":" ","pages":"240-248"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141316913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}