Current Oncology Reports最新文献

{"title":"Talimogene laherparepvec (T-VEC) and Emerging Intralesional Immunotherapies for Metastatic Melanoma: A Review.","authors":"Simran Kalsi, Amanda L Galenkamp, Rohit Singh, Atulya Aman Khosla, Peter McGranaghan, Jessica Cintolo-Gonzalez","doi":"10.1007/s11912-024-01611-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11912-024-01611-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>As the incidence of cutaneous melanoma continues to rise worldwide, its heterogeneous presentation proves challenging for managing and preventing relapse.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>While surgery remains a mainstay in staging and treatment of locoregional metastatic melanoma, intralesional therapies have emerged as a new tool to treat unresectable in-transit and nodal metastases and reduce the risk of relapse through immunomodulatory mechanisms. In this review, we will provide an overview of intralesional therapies for melanoma with a particular focus on talimogene laherparepvec (T-VEC) and its future uses. We then discuss the landscape of current and emerging intralesional therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":10861,"journal":{"name":"Current Oncology Reports","volume":" ","pages":"1651-1663"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11646270/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142726837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measurable Residual Disease in Mantle Cell Lymphoma: The Unbearable Lightness of Being Undetectable.","authors":"Julio Cartagena, Anagha Deshpande, Allison Rosenthal, Mazie Tsang, Talal Hilal, Lisa Rimsza, Razelle Kurzrock, Javier Munoz","doi":"10.1007/s11912-024-01620-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11912-024-01620-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>This paper evaluates the benefits and limitations of detecting measurable residual disease (MRD) in mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) and assesses its prognostic value. It also aims to highlight the importance of detecting low MRD levels post-treatment and their application in clinical practice.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Recent studies show that MRD levels predict relapse and survival outcomes in hematologic neoplasms, including MCL. RT-qPCR is currently the most used method due to its high reproducibility and sensitivity. Ideal MRD detection should be highly sensitive, cost-effective, and applicable to a wide demographic of patients. This paper concludes that MRD detection has prognostic value in MCL but faces limitations in sensitivity and specificity. Further research is needed to establish the significance of low MRD levels before integrating these methods into clinical practice. Improved MRD detection technologies and understanding their impact on clinical outcomes will guide better patient management in MCL.</p>","PeriodicalId":10861,"journal":{"name":"Current Oncology Reports","volume":" ","pages":"1664-1674"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142784311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Existing Health Inequities in the Treatment of Advanced and Metastatic Cancers.","authors":"Navya Nair, Matthew Schlumbrecht","doi":"10.1007/s11912-024-01617-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11912-024-01617-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>This study aims to identify health inequities related to the medical treatment and supportive care of patients with advanced/metastatic cancer and recommend solutions to promote health equity.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Despite robust strides in the development of therapeutic strategies for advanced and metastatic cancer, significant disparities in treatment access and implementation exist. Race, socioeconomic status, gender, and geography represent just a few of the individual-level factors which contribute to challenges in treatment administration, thorough evaluation of germline genetics and tumor genomics, and quality palliative and end-of-life care. Given the increasing complexity of cancer treatments and our enhanced understanding of tumor biology, efforts to uniformly provide equitable and high-level care to all patients are needed. In this review we will discuss factors that contribute to health inequities in patients with advanced and metastatic cancer diagnoses, highlighting opportunities for intervention, ongoing challenges in change implementation, and national and international society recommendations to eliminate disparities. Acknowledging existing inequities and engaging in multilevel discourse with key stakeholders is needed to optimize care practices to the benefit of all patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":10861,"journal":{"name":"Current Oncology Reports","volume":" ","pages":"1553-1562"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11646267/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142567445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tivozanib Monotherapy in the Frontline Setting for Patients with Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma and Favorable Prognosis.","authors":"Ricky Frazer, José Ángel Arranz, Sergio Vázquez Estévez, Omi Parikh, Laura-Maria Krabbe, Naveen S Vasudev, Christian Doehn, Norbert Marschner, Tom Waddell, Will Ince, Peter J Goebell","doi":"10.1007/s11912-024-01613-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11912-024-01613-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>In this review, we discuss which patients with metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) may be most suitable for frontline tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) monotherapy, a treatment option supported by emerging long-term efficacy data including overall survival and quality of life. We specifically focus on tivozanib, a potent and selective inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor, which has comparable efficacy to other single-agent TKIs in frontline treatment for mRCC while exhibiting fewer off-target side effects.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Combination therapy with TKIs and checkpoint inhibitors (CPIs) and CPI/CPI combination therapies, as well as TKI monotherapy are recommended frontline treatment options for mRCC. Treatment decisions are complex and based on several factors, including the patient's International Metastatic RCC Database Consortium risk status, age, comorbidities, and personal preferences related to response, tolerability, and quality of life. TKIs not only serve as backbone of most combination therapies for mRCC, but also remain a viable monotherapy option in the first-line setting for patients in favorable risk groups and those with contraindications to CPI combination therapies. Given that overall survival benefits have not yet been confirmed for CPI-containing combination regimens in favorable risk patients, we argue that frontline single-agent TKI treatment remains a standard of care option for these patients. This is supported by treatment guidelines, even in the era of TKI/CPI combination therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":10861,"journal":{"name":"Current Oncology Reports","volume":" ","pages":"1639-1650"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11646210/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142675320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Paediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia: A Narrative Review of Current Knowledge and Advancements.","authors":"Sarah Elgazar, Constantina Constantinou","doi":"10.1007/s11912-024-01608-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11912-024-01608-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>This review aims to provide an update on current knowledge regarding paediatric acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL), focusing on recent advancements in diagnosis and treatment, as well as future directions in the field.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>ALL is the most frequently diagnosed paediatric malignancy, with advances leading to a 90% survival rate. The heterogeneity of childhood ALL requires a precise diagnostic algorithm incorporating morphological, immunophenotypic, and cytogenetic analyses. Research is exploring next-generation sequencing and artificial intelligence-aided techniques for future diagnostic approaches. Despite these advancements, global disparities in healthcare access hinder prompt diagnosis and management. The pathophysiology of ALL involves chromosomal and genetic alterations which disrupt cell-cycle regulation and result in uncontrolled lymphoblast proliferation. Environmental factors also contribute to leukaemogenesis. Risk-stratification based on genetic subtypes has significant implications for risk-based therapy. Chemotherapy is administered in three phases: induction, consolidation, and maintenance, with prophylactic intrathecal chemotherapy considered essential. For high-risk, refractory, or relapsed ALL, haematopoietic stem cell transplantation and novel therapies such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors, chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy, and blinatumomab immunotherapy, have improved outcomes. Ongoing clinical trials aim to further improve treatment efficacy, reduce toxicity, and increase survival. Although prevention strategies for ALL exist at three levels, the supporting evidence remains limited, highlighting a need for further research. Continued research and clinical trials are essential to addressing the gaps treatment efficacy and prevention strategies. Efforts to improve global healthcare access and integrate novel diagnostic and therapeutic approaches are crucial for advancing outcomes for paediatric patients with ALL.</p>","PeriodicalId":10861,"journal":{"name":"Current Oncology Reports","volume":" ","pages":"1586-1599"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142582318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of Pelvic Floor Muscle and Education-Based Therapies on Bladder, Bowel, Vaginal, Sexual, Psychological Function, Quality of Life, and Pelvic Floor Muscle Function in Females Treated for Gynecological Cancer: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Marie-Pierre Cyr, Tamara Jones, Robyn Brennen, Udari Colombage, Helena C Frawley","doi":"10.1007/s11912-024-01586-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11912-024-01586-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>Gynecological malignancies are prevalent in females, and this population is likely to experience symptoms of pelvic floor disorders and sexual dysfunction. Non-surgical, non-pharmaceutical conservative therapies, namely pelvic floor muscle (PFM) therapies and education-based interventions, could be beneficial for this population. The purpose of this systematic review was to examine the evidence regarding their effectiveness on bladder, bowel, vaginal, sexual, psychological function, quality of life, and PFM function in gynecological cancer populations.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Six databases were searched to identify studies employing any interventional study design, except case studies, to investigate the effect of PFM therapies, education-based interventions, or combined therapies on any outcome of interest. The search yielded 4467 results, from which 20 studies were included. Of these, 11 (55%) were RCTs, two (10%) were non-RCTs with two groups, and seven (35%) were non-RCTs with a single group. Findings suggest that combined (multimodal) therapies, specifically PFM (active > passive) + education therapies, appear more effective for vaginal, overall pelvic floor, sexual, and PFM function. PFM therapies (active and/or electrostimulation) may improve bladder outcomes. Limited evidence suggests PFM (active) + education therapies may improve bowel function. Conservative therapies may improve psychological function, although available data do not appear to favor a particular therapy. Given the conflicting findings regarding quality of life, no clear conclusions can be made. Interpretation of findings highlighted the importance of intervention dosage, adherence, and supervision for optimal effectiveness. Despite the limitations of the included studies, this review provides new and valuable insights for future research and clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":10861,"journal":{"name":"Current Oncology Reports","volume":" ","pages":"1293-1320"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11579103/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142035489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emerging Indications for Interventional Oncology: A Comprehensive Systematic Review of Image-Guided Thermal Ablation for Metastatic Non-cervical Lymph Node Disease.","authors":"David-Dimitris Chlorogiannis, Georgios Charalampopoulos, Dimitra Kontopyrgou, Angelliki Gkayfillia, Melina Nikolakea, Roberto Iezzi, Dimitrios Filippiadis","doi":"10.1007/s11912-024-01616-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11912-024-01616-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Lymphatic node metastatic disease encompasses a distinct oncological entity which has been associated with poor prognosis. Image-guided thermal ablation has recently been proposed as a safe and alternative treatment for these lesions. The aim of this systematic review is to evaluate the pooled safety and efficacy of thermal ablation techniques for the treatment of oligometastatic non-cervical lymph nodal disease.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>A systematic search of the three major databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CENTRAL) from inception to 30 December 2023 was conducted according to the PRISMA Guidelines. Observational studies reporting technical success, complications and oncologic outcomes were included. Meta- analysis was performed by estimating the pooled incidence rates and risk ratios by fitting random-effect models. Overall, 8 studies were included, comprising of 225 patients and 305 ablated LNMs and a median follow-up of 12 months. The combined data analysis showed that technical success after thermal ablation was 98% (CI: 95%-99%), major complication rate was 1% (CI: 95%-99%), pooled overall response rate was 72% (CI: 54%-87%), local tumor progression rate was 18% (CI: 8%-33%) and disease-free survival rate was 68% (CI: 51%-81%). No difference between radiofrequency ablation and cryoablation was found for every outcome during subgroup analysis. Image-guided percutaneous thermal ablation (with either radiofrequency ablation or cryoablation) is safe and effective for the treatment of oligometastatic LMN disease, however further studies to confirm these findings are still needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":10861,"journal":{"name":"Current Oncology Reports","volume":" ","pages":"1543-1552"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142521280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Traditional Chinese Medicine Herbs for Breast Cancer Prevention and Survival: A Narrative Review of Epidemiological Studies from Taiwan.","authors":"Yen-Nien Hou, Susan Chimonas, Prusha Patel, Elizabeth D Kantor, Tiffany A Traina, Hung-Rong Yen, Jun J Mao","doi":"10.1007/s11912-024-01595-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11912-024-01595-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>This review aims to describe the association of integrating traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) herbs into conventional medicine (CM) in preventing breast cancer and improving survival rates among breast cancer patients of Taiwan.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Of 7 relevant studies, spanning 2014-2023, 4 investigated breast cancer risk in women with menopausal symptoms and other comorbidities. All 4 reported that TCM herbal use was associated with lower risks of developing breast cancer. Three studies investigated survival in newly-diagnosed breast cancer patients receiving CM. All reported that adjunctive TCM users had lower mortality rates than CM-only patients. However, the heterogeneity of study designs, populations, and interventions may limit the generalizability and robustness of the findings. TCM herbs may promote breast cancer prevention and survival when used alongside CM. More rigorous observational research and clinical trials in specific patient populations are needed to guide clinical decision-making.</p>","PeriodicalId":10861,"journal":{"name":"Current Oncology Reports","volume":" ","pages":"1321-1333"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142364751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evolving Treatment Landscape for Advanced Esophageal and Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma.","authors":"Margaret C Wheless, Margaret Comer, Michael K Gibson","doi":"10.1007/s11912-024-01607-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11912-024-01607-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>This review highlights advances and recent changes in the treatment paradigm for advanced esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) and gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma (GEJAC).</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Chemotherapy remains the backbone of treatment for advanced EAC/GEJAC. New targets/agents include immunotherapy, HER-2, claudin18.2, and FGFR2b, with various mechanisms (CAR-T, bispecific mAB, ADCs) altering the treatment landscape against these targets. The approaches to these targets may act together, in sequence, and even synergistically to improve outcomes. Herein, we review the state of the field, including highlighting ongoing clinical trials and additional emerging agents and approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":10861,"journal":{"name":"Current Oncology Reports","volume":" ","pages":"1469-1488"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11579124/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142496661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prostate Cancer, Pathophysiology and Recent Developments in Management: A Narrative Review.","authors":"Mohamed Nasr Eldeen Almeeri, Monther Awies, Constantina Constantinou","doi":"10.1007/s11912-024-01614-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11912-024-01614-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer in men. The different stages of prostate cancer which include localised (low, intermediate, and high risk) disease, locally advanced, non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (M0 CRPCa), and metastatic disease. The main treatment of locally advanced disease is external beam radiotherapy with hormonal therapy which are associated with good prognosis.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Current treatments for M0 CRPCa include androgen deprivation therapy in combination with apalutamide, darolutamide or enzalutamide, all of which are associated with good metastatic-free survival rates in clinical trials. Hormone-naive metastatic prostate cancer comprises the same treatments as M0 CRPCa, whereas further treatment includes docetaxel and abiraterone. Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer treatments include sipuleucel-T, radium-223, abiraterone, enzalutamide and cabazitaxel, which aim to slow down the progression of the disease and to prolong life. This article also provides insight into the development of new drugs recently approved for metastatic castration prostate cancer, which include PARP inhibitors and Lutetium-177 which have shown to have significantly good overall survival and to improve radiographic progression-free survival. In addition, new clinical trials are ongoing to test new medications such as cabozantinb and chimeric-antigen receptor T-cell therapy for the treatment of advanced prostate cancer. With the aim to slow down the progression of the disease and to prolong life, new drug developments are underway to hopefully provide a positive impact on overall survival and improve progression-free survival, especially in advanced prostate cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":10861,"journal":{"name":"Current Oncology Reports","volume":" ","pages":"1511-1519"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142496662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}