Niccolò Gallio, Mario Preti, Elena Casetta, Andreia Albuquerque, Pedro Vieira-Baptista, Fulvio Borella, Federica Bevilacqua, Camilla Cavallero, Massimiliano Mistrangelo, Alberto Revelli
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Reported complete response (CR) rates ranged between 14.3-78.6%, and 21.4-67% partial response (PR) rates of 3-weekly application for 16 weeks imiquimod course. A second course of imiquimod led to incremental response (CR 15-23.8%, PR 19-30%). Perianal HSIL showed superior response rates compared to intra-anal lesions (perianal HSIL CR ranging from 71.4 to 100%, intra-anal HSIL CR from 10.8 to 33.3%).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>In our systematic review we summarized the literature regarding imiquimod use for anal HSIL treatment, both perianal/intra-anal. Imiquimod can be proposed as a safe treatment of anal HSIL, and perianal HSIL may benefit more from imiquimod treatment. However, anal HSIL recurrence rates were high, and there are no long-term data on its efficacy. No studies investigated the role of imiquimod in women or in HIV- patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Imiquimod can be proposed as a safe option for treatment of anal HSIL.</p>","PeriodicalId":10861,"journal":{"name":"Current Oncology Reports","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Imiquimod for Anal High Grade Intraepithelial Neoplasia: A Systematic Review.\",\"authors\":\"Niccolò Gallio, Mario Preti, Elena Casetta, Andreia Albuquerque, Pedro Vieira-Baptista, Fulvio Borella, Federica Bevilacqua, Camilla Cavallero, Massimiliano Mistrangelo, Alberto Revelli\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s11912-025-01675-1\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of imiquimod in Anal High Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion (HSIL).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Electronic databases (Pubmed, MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane Library databases) were searched from inception until December 2024 for articles reporting imiquimod as a treatment for anal HSIL.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Five studies were identified (2 randomized controlled trials and 3 prospective non-randomized studies), containing data on 126 men of have sex with men living with HIV with anal HSIL. Most studies contained significant bias which prevented direct comparison. Reported complete response (CR) rates ranged between 14.3-78.6%, and 21.4-67% partial response (PR) rates of 3-weekly application for 16 weeks imiquimod course. A second course of imiquimod led to incremental response (CR 15-23.8%, PR 19-30%). Perianal HSIL showed superior response rates compared to intra-anal lesions (perianal HSIL CR ranging from 71.4 to 100%, intra-anal HSIL CR from 10.8 to 33.3%).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>In our systematic review we summarized the literature regarding imiquimod use for anal HSIL treatment, both perianal/intra-anal. Imiquimod can be proposed as a safe treatment of anal HSIL, and perianal HSIL may benefit more from imiquimod treatment. However, anal HSIL recurrence rates were high, and there are no long-term data on its efficacy. 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Imiquimod for Anal High Grade Intraepithelial Neoplasia: A Systematic Review.
Introduction: This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of imiquimod in Anal High Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion (HSIL).
Methods: Electronic databases (Pubmed, MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane Library databases) were searched from inception until December 2024 for articles reporting imiquimod as a treatment for anal HSIL.
Results: Five studies were identified (2 randomized controlled trials and 3 prospective non-randomized studies), containing data on 126 men of have sex with men living with HIV with anal HSIL. Most studies contained significant bias which prevented direct comparison. Reported complete response (CR) rates ranged between 14.3-78.6%, and 21.4-67% partial response (PR) rates of 3-weekly application for 16 weeks imiquimod course. A second course of imiquimod led to incremental response (CR 15-23.8%, PR 19-30%). Perianal HSIL showed superior response rates compared to intra-anal lesions (perianal HSIL CR ranging from 71.4 to 100%, intra-anal HSIL CR from 10.8 to 33.3%).
Discussion: In our systematic review we summarized the literature regarding imiquimod use for anal HSIL treatment, both perianal/intra-anal. Imiquimod can be proposed as a safe treatment of anal HSIL, and perianal HSIL may benefit more from imiquimod treatment. However, anal HSIL recurrence rates were high, and there are no long-term data on its efficacy. No studies investigated the role of imiquimod in women or in HIV- patients.
Conclusion: Imiquimod can be proposed as a safe option for treatment of anal HSIL.
期刊介绍：
This journal aims to review the most important, recently published clinical findings in the field of oncology. By providing clear, insightful, balanced contributions by international experts, the journal intends to serve all those involved in the care of those affected by cancer.
We accomplish this aim by appointing international authorities to serve as Section Editors in key subject areas, such as cancer prevention, leukemia, melanoma, neuro-oncology, and palliative medicine. Section Editors, in turn, select topics for which leading experts contribute comprehensive review articles that emphasize new developments and recently published papers of major importance, highlighted by annotated reference lists. An international Editorial Board reviews the annual table of contents, suggests articles of special interest to their country/region, and ensures that topics are current and include emerging research. Commentaries from well-known figures in the field are also provided.
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