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High-frequency bulk acoustic resonant microbalances in liquid 液体中高频体声谐振微天平
Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium and Exposition, 2005. Pub Date : 2005-08-31 DOI: 10.1109/FREQ.2005.1573905
Hao F. Zhang, W. Pang, E. S. Kim
{"title":"High-frequency bulk acoustic resonant microbalances in liquid","authors":"Hao F. Zhang, W. Pang, E. S. Kim","doi":"10.1109/FREQ.2005.1573905","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FREQ.2005.1573905","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we present two types of high-frequency bulk acoustic resonant microbalances based on (1) film bulk acoustic resonator (FBAR) and (2) high-tone bulk acoustic resonator (HBAR). Both resonators are operating at about 900 MHz, hundred times higher than a typical quartz crystal microbalance (QCM). Mass sensitivities of the FBAR and HBAR microbalances are measured to be 782.7 (50 times larger than that of QCM) and 9.3 cm2/g, respectively. The minimum detectable frequency changes for the FBAR and HBAR are measured to be about 2 and 0.1 kHz, respectively. Based on the mass sensitivities and minimum detectable frequency changes, the minimum detectable mass change for the FBAR and HBAR are estimated to be 4 ng/cm2 (comparable to that of QCM) and 10 ng/cm2, respectively","PeriodicalId":108334,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium and Exposition, 2005.","volume":"489 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133830588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
Estimation of the duration of the scale unit of TAI with primary frequency standards 用主要频率标准估计TAI的尺度单位持续时间
Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium and Exposition, 2005. Pub Date : 2005-08-31 DOI: 10.1109/FREQ.2005.1573936
E. F. Arias, G. Petit
{"title":"Estimation of the duration of the scale unit of TAI with primary frequency standards","authors":"E. F. Arias, G. Petit","doi":"10.1109/FREQ.2005.1573936","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FREQ.2005.1573936","url":null,"abstract":"Frequency measurements of primary frequency standards (PFS) are reported more or less regularly to the BIPM to improve the accuracy of TAI. Data from the several PFS are combined to compute an estimation of the duration of the scale unit of TAI. The algorithm used to this purpose \"weights\" the different evaluations via filter coefficients that depend on the uncertainty of the evaluation, on the time elapsed between the interval of evaluation of the PFS and that of the calculation, and on the model that represents the instability of the free atomic scale (echelle atomique libre, EAL). We discuss in this paper problems encountered with the filtering algorithm, and we propose a tentative solution. We discuss the model that could be chosen to represent the instability of EAL","PeriodicalId":108334,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium and Exposition, 2005.","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131591506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
Development of a /sup 171/Yb/sup +/ microwave frequency standard at the National Measurement Institute, Australia 澳大利亚国家测量研究所/sup 171/Yb/sup +/微波频率标准的制定
Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium and Exposition, 2005. Pub Date : 2005-08-31 DOI: 10.1109/FREQ.2005.1574004
R. B. Warrington, P. Fisk, M. Wouters, M. Lawn, J. Longdell, S. Park
{"title":"Development of a /sup 171/Yb/sup +/ microwave frequency standard at the National Measurement Institute, Australia","authors":"R. B. Warrington, P. Fisk, M. Wouters, M. Lawn, J. Longdell, S. Park","doi":"10.1109/FREQ.2005.1574004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FREQ.2005.1574004","url":null,"abstract":"Microwave frequency standards based on the 12.6 GHz ground state hyperfine transition in 171Yb+ have been under development at the National Measurement Institute, Australia, for many years. Using a laser-cooled ion cloud, the transition frequency was measured in 2001 to an accuracy of 8 parts in 1014, limited by the homogeneity of the magnetic field due to the stainless-steel vacuum chamber. We have designed and commissioned a new chamber in the alloy CrCu, which is non-magnetic and has good vacuum properties. The design incorporates large viewports and high-quality quartz windows for optical access. Uncertainties associated with field inhomogeneity in the new vacuum system are now below 1 part in 1015, a significant reduction which permits operation in the 10-15 accuracy range. We have also demonstrated the use of photoionization to load the trap in a preliminary experiment, including isotope-selective loading","PeriodicalId":108334,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium and Exposition, 2005.","volume":"170 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132347683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
A distributed trigger system for picosecond LASER facilities 皮秒激光设备分布式触发系统
Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium and Exposition, 2005. Pub Date : 2005-08-31 DOI: 10.1109/FREQ.2005.1574010
P. Leclerc, M. Prat, J. Bouvet, V. Allouche, P. Raybaut, D. Aubert, A. Duval
{"title":"A distributed trigger system for picosecond LASER facilities","authors":"P. Leclerc, M. Prat, J. Bouvet, V. Allouche, P. Raybaut, D. Aubert, A. Duval","doi":"10.1109/FREQ.2005.1574010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FREQ.2005.1574010","url":null,"abstract":"The Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (CEA) is developing a unique picosecond timing system for the Laser MegaJoule (LMJ) project which includes an original concept to trigger picosecond laser sources with ultra-low jitter. We present the concept and how it can be used to implement the LMJ optical fiducial system or to synchronize a picosecond X laser source. We expose achieved performances.","PeriodicalId":108334,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium and Exposition, 2005.","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126343566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The study of interaction of superhydrophobic (SH) materials with fluids using TSM sensors 利用TSM传感器研究超疏水材料与流体的相互作用
Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium and Exposition, 2005. Pub Date : 2005-08-31 DOI: 10.1109/FREQ.2005.1573906
S. Kwoun, R. Cairncross, R.M. Lee, C. Brinker, P. Shah
{"title":"The study of interaction of superhydrophobic (SH) materials with fluids using TSM sensors","authors":"S. Kwoun, R. Cairncross, R.M. Lee, C. Brinker, P. Shah","doi":"10.1109/FREQ.2005.1573906","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FREQ.2005.1573906","url":null,"abstract":"Recent progress in nanotechnology has lead to development of novel materials with very unique superhydrophobic (SH) properties. In this paper, we study the thickness-shear mode (TSM) sensing technique as a potential measurement tool for characterization of SH properties of materials. The TSM sensors, coated with different SH thin films were capable to differentiate between a range of the SH properties of those films though the contact angle of those films, measured with optical techniques, have shown similar values. Also, the TSM sensors, coated with some of those SH films, exhibited almost zero attenuation and very small frequency shift when loaded with deionized water, which indicated a presence of significant slip in the mechanical interfacial boundary conditions. The observed sensitivity of the TSM technique to nanoscale-level structural features of SH films suggests that TSM sensing technology may provide more sensitive means for measurements and characterization of superhydrophobicity in comparison to the existing SH measurement techniques","PeriodicalId":108334,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium and Exposition, 2005.","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117164044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Testing Lorentz Invariance Using Zeeman Transitions in Atomic Fountains 用原子喷泉中的塞曼跃迁检验洛伦兹不变性
Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium and Exposition, 2005. Pub Date : 2005-08-31 DOI: 10.1109/FREQ.2005.1573912
Peter Wolf, F. Chapelet, Sébastien Bize, André Clairon
{"title":"Testing Lorentz Invariance Using Zeeman Transitions in Atomic Fountains","authors":"Peter Wolf, F. Chapelet, Sébastien Bize, André Clairon","doi":"10.1109/FREQ.2005.1573912","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FREQ.2005.1573912","url":null,"abstract":"Lorentz invariance (LI) is the founding postulate of Einstein's 1905 theory of relativity, and therefore at the heart of all accepted theories of physics. It characterizes the invariance of the laws of physics in inertial frames under changes of velocity or orientation. This central role, and indications from unification theories (Kostelecky, 1989) hinting toward a possible LI violation, have motivated tremendous experimental efforts to test LI. A comprehensive theoretical framework to describe violations of LI has been developed over the last decade (Colladay and Kostelecky): the Lorentz violating standard model extension (SME). It allows a characterization of LI violations in all fields of present day physics using a large (but finite) set of parameters which are all zero when LI is satisfied. All classical tests (e.g. Michelson-Morley or Kennedy-Thorndike experiments (Stanwix et al., 2005 and Wolf et al., 2004) can be analyzed in the SME, but it also allows the conception of new types of experiments, not thought of previously. We have carried out such a conceptually new LI test, by comparing particular atomic transitions (particular orientations of the involved nuclear spins) in the Cs atom using a cold atomic fountain clock. This allows us to test LI in a previously largely unexplored region of the SME parameter space, corresponding to first measurements of four proton parameters and an improvement by 11 and 12 orders of magnitude on the determination of four others. In spite of the attained accuracies, and of having extended the search into a new region of the SME, we still find no indication of LI violation","PeriodicalId":108334,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium and Exposition, 2005.","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129018375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
MEMS-based quartz oscillators and filters for on-chip integration 基于mems的石英振荡器和片上集成滤波器
Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium and Exposition, 2005. Pub Date : 2005-08-31 DOI: 10.1109/FREQ.2005.1573913
R. Kubena, F. P. Stratton, D. Chang, R. Joyce, T. Hsu, M. K. Lim, R. M’Closkey
{"title":"MEMS-based quartz oscillators and filters for on-chip integration","authors":"R. Kubena, F. P. Stratton, D. Chang, R. Joyce, T. Hsu, M. K. Lim, R. M’Closkey","doi":"10.1109/FREQ.2005.1573913","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FREQ.2005.1573913","url":null,"abstract":"We report on the development of a new microelectronicmechanical system (MEMS)-based quartz resonator technology that allows for the processing and integration of VHF to UHF high-Q oscillators and filters with high-speed silicon or III-V electronics. This paper describes the first demonstration of prototype oscillators and filters using this newly developed technology. We present impedance, Q, and temperature sensitivity data of UHF resonators along with phase noise and Allan deviation measurements. Our first 2-pole filter data showing low insertion loss are also presented. Finally, the results of power handling measurements are described for applications where high levels of background signals are present.","PeriodicalId":108334,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium and Exposition, 2005.","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132988736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9
Rotation-sensitive cuts for surface acoustic waves on LGT substrates LGT基板上表面声波的旋转敏感切割
Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium and Exposition, 2005. Pub Date : 2005-08-31 DOI: 10.1109/FREQ.2005.1573926
Zhijun Chen, Lianger Li, Tao Han, W. Shi, X. Ji, Ji Wang
{"title":"Rotation-sensitive cuts for surface acoustic waves on LGT substrates","authors":"Zhijun Chen, Lianger Li, Tao Han, W. Shi, X. Ji, Ji Wang","doi":"10.1109/FREQ.2005.1573926","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FREQ.2005.1573926","url":null,"abstract":"Surface acoustic wave (SAW) sensor has many outstanding advantages as a new type sensor. The SAW rotation sensor which is used to sense rotation rate has already become one of the potential applications. Based on the wave equations on anisotropic piezoelectric crystal with rotation effect, some quantitative analyses of SAW rotation effect in X-cuts, Y-cuts and Z-cuts for the new piezoelectric material LGT are given in this paper. The rotation-sensitive cut (0/spl deg/, 0/spl deg/, 27/spl deg/) Euler angle in Z-cuts are determined accordingly. On the other hand, the Euler angle (90/spl deg/, 90/spl deg/, 140/spl deg/) cut is the lowest rotation-sensitive cut in all of the X-cuts, Y-cuts and Z-cuts, so it can be utilized in some SAW devices which need low rotation effect.","PeriodicalId":108334,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium and Exposition, 2005.","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114084690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Update of research activities on time and frequency at the National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT) 国家信息通信技术研究所(NICT)时间和频率研究活动的最新情况
Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium and Exposition, 2005. Pub Date : 2005-08-31 DOI: 10.1109/FREQ.2005.1573932
S. Hama, M. Hosokawa, Y. Takahashi, H. Toriyama, T. Morikawa
{"title":"Update of research activities on time and frequency at the National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT)","authors":"S. Hama, M. Hosokawa, Y. Takahashi, H. Toriyama, T. Morikawa","doi":"10.1109/FREQ.2005.1573932","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FREQ.2005.1573932","url":null,"abstract":"The National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT) in Japan have five time and frequency research and service groups. Those are, Atomic Frequency Standards Group, Time and Frequency Measurements Group, Japanese Standard Time Group, Quasi-Zenith Satellite System Group, and Time Applications Group. In this paper, we introduce the recent activities of these five groups.","PeriodicalId":108334,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium and Exposition, 2005.","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127168847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Time and frequency transfer and dissemination methods using optical fiber network 使用光纤网络的时间和频率传输和传播方法
Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium and Exposition, 2005. Pub Date : 2005-08-31 DOI: 10.1541/IEEJFMS.126.458
Masaki Amemiya, M. Imae, Yasuhisa Fujii, T. Suzuyama, Shin-ichi Ohshima, Shinichi Aoyagi, Yoshihiro Takigawa, Masami Kihara
{"title":"Time and frequency transfer and dissemination methods using optical fiber network","authors":"Masaki Amemiya, M. Imae, Yasuhisa Fujii, T. Suzuyama, Shin-ichi Ohshima, Shinichi Aoyagi, Yoshihiro Takigawa, Masami Kihara","doi":"10.1541/IEEJFMS.126.458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1541/IEEJFMS.126.458","url":null,"abstract":"In the time and frequency transfer and dissemination field, it is important to provide cost effective remote frequency calibration services with an uncertainty of around 10-12 for end users. It is also required to develop ultra precise transfer methods with an order of 10-15 or better uncertainty for the comparison between ultra stable frequency standards which are under developing. This study shows two methods using optical fiber networks to satisfy these demands. First, it is an economical remote calibration method using existing synchronous optical fiber communication networks. The measured frequency stability (the Allan deviation) of the transmission clock is 2times10-13 for an averaging time of one day. The result indicates the method is promising for the simple remote frequency calibration service. Second, it is an ultra precise two-way optical fiber time and frequency transfer method using a newly proposed bi-directional optical amplifier. In this method, wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) signals are transmitted along a single optical fiber. The preliminary measured frequency stability is less than 1015 (tau =104 s) for a 100-km-long fiber with the bi-directional amplifier. It suggests that the method has capability for improving TAI (International Atomic Time) and UTC (Coordinated Universal Time)","PeriodicalId":108334,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium and Exposition, 2005.","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127414451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 38
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