Crop Protection最新文献

{"title":"Amblyseius swirskii (Athias-Henriot) (Acari: Phytoseiidae) and Streptomyces bellus E23-2 for managing Dactylopius opuntiae (Cockerell) (Hemiptera: Dactylopiidae) on Opuntia spp","authors":"Mohamed El Aalaoui ,&nbsp;Said Rammali ,&nbsp;Bouchaib Bencharki ,&nbsp;Mohamed Sbaghi","doi":"10.1016/j.cropro.2025.107132","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cropro.2025.107132","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Dactylopius opuntiae</em> (Cockerell) (Hemiptera: Dactylopiidae) is a key pest of <em>Opuntia</em> spp., requiring effective management strategies. This study assessed the efficacy the predatory mite <em>Amblyseius swirskii</em> (AS) (Acari: Phytoseiidae) and the entomopathogenic bacterium <em>Streptomyces bellus</em>- E23-2 (SB), both individually and in combination, against <em>D. opuntiae</em> under both laboratory (26 °C) and greenhouse (ranging from 23.5 to 28.8 °C) conditions. Treatments included: T1 – untreated control, T2 – 0.003% Tween 80 (TW), T3 – AS alone, T4 – SB alone, T5 – SB + AS, and T6 – d-limonene (DL) (positive control). In both settings, <em>S. bellus</em> and d-limonene were applied at 30 mL per plant, followed by the release of predatory mites one week later. The experiments spanned five weeks. The combined treatment SB + AS demonstrated the highest efficacy in reducing egg counts (egg counts decreased to 7.78 (lab) and 7.44 (greenhouse) by week 5). Similarly, motile stages were reduced to 6.50 (lab) and 5.22 (greenhouse) per cladode. The SB treatment alone produced the highest number of mummies (42.0 in the lab, 32.9 in the greenhouse) by week 3. Predator mite densities peaked in the AS treatment (36.6 in the lab, 25.4 in the greenhouse) by week 3, with no significant difference between AS and SB + AS treatments in the greenhouse. Overall, the SB + AS treatment effectively reduced <em>D. opuntiae</em> populations, preserving plant health, as indicated by high visual quality scores (&gt;9.60) by the end of the study. This integrated approach highlights the potential of combining biological agents for sustainable management of <em>D. opuntiae</em> on <em>Opuntia</em> spp.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10785,"journal":{"name":"Crop Protection","volume":"190 ","pages":"Article 107132"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143125214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of temperature on the adaptation of Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) to tobacco plants infected with potato virus Y","authors":"Zhili Li ,&nbsp;Yingqin He ,&nbsp;Mengshuang Yao ,&nbsp;Changhao Lu ,&nbsp;Runa Zhao ,&nbsp;Haojun Li ,&nbsp;Wenlong Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.cropro.2025.107137","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cropro.2025.107137","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Temperature is a key factor that influences interactions among vector insects, viruses, and host plants. A deep understanding of how temperature affects the adaptability of aphids to virus-infected plants can provide valuable insights for improving control strategies against plant viral diseases. Herein, we evaluated the adaptability of the green peach aphid <em>Myzus persicae</em> to tobacco plants infected by <em>Potato virus Y</em> (PVY) across four temperatures using dual-choice bioassays, electropenetrography, and an age-stage, two-sex life table. The results revealed substantial differences in the adaptation of <em>M. persicae</em> to PVY-infected tobacco at different temperatures. The number of <em>M. persicae</em> selecting PVY-infected tobacco plants rapidly peaked as temperature increased, though an inverse trend occurred when temperatures surpassed 25 °C. At 30 °C, <em>M. persicae</em> showed reduced feeding ability, a considerably short duration of potential drop (pd) waves, and an increased pd frequency on PVY-infected plants. In addition, at 30 °C, <em>M. persicae</em> exhibited the shortest developmental duration, reduced total lifespan, and low fecundity, leading to negative population growth. This study aims to provide initial insights into how temperature stress affects <em>M. persicae</em> on PVY-infected plants, delivering useful information for disrupting vector-mediated transmission routes and controlling the spread of insect-borne viral diseases through targeted environmental interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10785,"journal":{"name":"Crop Protection","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 107137"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143125390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of defense enzyme activities, endogenous SA and MeSA in tea plants on the host adaptability of Toxoptera aurantii (Hemiptera: Aphididae)","authors":"Mengyang Wu ,&nbsp;Wenbin Jiang ,&nbsp;Changhao Lu ,&nbsp;Wenmei Dong ,&nbsp;Jinjuan Fan ,&nbsp;Jia Tian ,&nbsp;Wenlong Chen ,&nbsp;Suzhen Niu ,&nbsp;Yingqin He","doi":"10.1016/j.cropro.2025.107135","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cropro.2025.107135","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Toxoptera aurantii</em>, a predominant pest species on tea plants, significantly hinders both the yield and quality of tea production. Elucidating the factors influencing host adaptability is a crucial approach for effectively managing <em>T</em>. <em>aurantii</em> proliferation. This study assessed the adaptability of <em>T</em>. <em>aurantii</em> to seven different tea cultivars using an age-stage, two-sex life table. Furthermore, the variations in the activities of PPO, POD, PAL, and SOD, along with the differences in the levels of SA, MeSA, and catechins, were compared between susceptible (HJY) and resistant (QC1 and QC10) cultivars. The study revealed significant disparities in the adaptability of <em>T. aurantii</em> to different tea cultivars. On HJY, aphids exhibited the shortest developmental duration, the longest total lifespan, and the maximum reproductive quantity; in contrast, these metrics were reduced on QC1 and QC10. Moreover, following the infestation by <em>T. aurantii</em>, the activities of PPO, POD, PAL, and SOD in tea plants exhibited a marked increase. The activities of POD and SOD in QC1 were significantly higher than those in HJY and QC10, while the increase in PAL activity in QC1 and QC10 far surpassed that in HJY. Notably, lower levels of SA, MeSA, and catechins were observed in HJY compared to those in QC1 and QC10. This study offers an initial elucidation of the factors affecting the host adaptability of <em>T</em>. <em>aurantii</em>, thereby providing a theoretical foundation for screening aphid-resistant tea germplasms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10785,"journal":{"name":"Crop Protection","volume":"190 ","pages":"Article 107135"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143125386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alfalfa harvest timing impacts on alfalfa weevil with agronomic and economic contexts","authors":"Judith S. Herreid ,&nbsp;Brian Lee ,&nbsp;M. Anowarul Islam ,&nbsp;John Ritten ,&nbsp;Randa Jabbour","doi":"10.1016/j.cropro.2025.107134","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cropro.2025.107134","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Alfalfa weevil (<em>Hypera postica</em> Gyllenhal) is a highly destructive alfalfa pest (<em>Medicago sativa</em> L.) in many parts of the world. Alfalfa weevil can cause significant economic damage via plant defoliation and slowed regrowth after harvest. Insecticide application is limited given developing resistance, environmental impacts, and high costs. We explored the impact of manipulating the timing of the first harvest of the season, an alternative control often referred to as “early harvest.” Impacts of harvest timing on alfalfa weevil remain poorly understood. We conducted an experiment for 2 years at a research farm in Wyoming, United States, to test how harvest timing affects damage to alfalfa, yield, quality, and alfalfa weevil densities, in comparison to treatment with insecticide. Earlier harvests were comparable in efficacy to insecticide treatment for managing alfalfa weevil. Alfalfa quality was higher in early harvests compared to later harvests resulting in a higher price per ton for alfalfa harvested earlier in the season. In the second year of the study, weevil densities were higher; alfalfa treated with insecticide had higher quality in later cuttings than untreated alfalfa, leading to increased revenue. The slight boost in revenues that insecticide treatment provided was roughly the cost of the insecticide. If higher yields and price are a priority for producers and alfalfa weevil pressure is strong, insecticides may need to be considered to allow for later harvest. Overall, an integrated pest management approach should be employed and determined based on producer goals and crop needs for optimal control of alfalfa weevil.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10785,"journal":{"name":"Crop Protection","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 107134"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143326405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamics of flubendiamide resistance in Chrysodeixis includens (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)","authors":"Leonardo Souza Rodrigues ,&nbsp;Lucas Gabriel Mass ,&nbsp;Kelly Tamires Urbano Daboit ,&nbsp;Luan Tiago dos Santos Carbonari ,&nbsp;Suzana Sibila Pegoraro ,&nbsp;Cláudio Roberto Franco","doi":"10.1016/j.cropro.2025.107136","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cropro.2025.107136","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chemical insecticides are used to manage <em>Chrysodeixis includens</em> in soybean (<em>Glycine</em> max (L.) Merrill). Flubendiamide was selected for this study due to its widespread application and its role as a key insecticide for controlling lepidopteran pests, including <em>C</em>. <em>includens</em>. Frequent insecticide use exerts high selection pressure that can cause control failure caused by an increased frequency of resistant insects in the population. However, in the absence of selection pressure, resistant insects may exhibit fitness costs that can restore susceptibility. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the stability of <em>C</em>. <em>includens</em> resistance to flubendiamide and to evaluate the associated fitness costs. Resistance dynamics were evaluated for eight generations without selection pressure by flubendiamide, using three populations: resistant (CiResFlu), susceptible (SUSCI-15), and a mixture of 50% SUSCI-15 and 50% CiResFlu (SusRes). In each generation, a subset of insects were exposed to 0.5053 μg a.i. cm⁻². To investigate the fitness costs, the biological parameters of the life cycle of the SUSCI-15 and CiResFlu populations were compared, and these parameters were used to construct the fertility life table. In the absence of selection pressure from flubendiamide, the CiResFlu population reverted to susceptibility. Based on the evaluation of the duration and viability of immature and adult stages and the estimation of parameters of the fertility life table, no adaptive costs were detected between the resistant and susceptible populations. Thus, flubendiamide resistance in <em>C</em>. <em>includens</em> is unstable, and no fitness costs were observed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10785,"journal":{"name":"Crop Protection","volume":"190 ","pages":"Article 107136"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143125252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of temperature on the development and reproduction of olive psyllid Euphyllura olivina Costa (Hemiptera: Psyllidae)","authors":"Mohamed El Aalaoui,&nbsp;Mohamed Sbaghi,&nbsp;Fouad Mokrini","doi":"10.1016/j.cropro.2025.107131","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cropro.2025.107131","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Euphyllura olivina</em> Costa (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) threatens olive crops, necessitating an understanding of temperature's impact on its development and reproduction for effective management. To investigate these effects, laboratory-based experiments were conducted under constant temperatures ranging from 15 to 40 °C. The egg incubation period decreased significantly with rising temperatures, from 12.7 days at 15 °C to 3.2 days at 40 °C. The longest lifespans were observed at 25 °C, with females averaging 46.8 days and males 38.6 days. The highest egg-to-adult survival rates were at 20 °C, with 20.0% for females and 17.5% for males. Preadult survival rates exhibited notable variability, with the highest survivorship of 38.0% observed at 20 °C. The maximum average number of eggs produced per female peaked at 242.6 at 25 °C, while daily fecundity was highest at 32 °C, averaging 9.0 eggs per female per day. The population growth parameters showed their most favorable values at 25 and 32 °C, with <em>r</em>_<em>m</em> (0.033 and 0.050 d⁻¹, respectively) and <em>R</em>₀ (31.53 and 25.3 offspring per female, respectively) being highest at these temperatures. The predicted fecundity of next generation (G2) and the population trend index (I) reached their highest values at 25 °C (1576.9 and 7.9, respectively), indicating optimal growth conditions at this temperature. The temperature thresholds for the complete pre-adult stage were estimated at 5.2 °C for females and 5.4 °C for males, with thermal constants of 769.2°-days (DD) for females and 714.3 DD for males. These findings indicate that the most favorable temperature range for the population growth of this pest falls between 25 and 32 °C.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10785,"journal":{"name":"Crop Protection","volume":"190 ","pages":"Article 107131"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143055155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First report of Stagonosporopsis pogostemonis causing the fruit rot disease of Capsicum annuum L. in China","authors":"Mengting Zou ,&nbsp;Banlop Leelahasilp ,&nbsp;Ming-Rong Chen ,&nbsp;Yu-Ru Wang ,&nbsp;Yong Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.cropro.2025.107130","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cropro.2025.107130","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pepper is widely recognized for its robust flavor profile and is commonly used as both a vegetable and condiment in culinary practices around the world. In 2024, a fruit rot disease was identified in pepper cultivation areas of Luodian County, Guizhou Province, China. Affected fruits exhibited symptoms such as discoloration, irregular dark brown lesions, and signs of depression and atrophy. The incidence of the disease has reached 20–35%, resulting in significant economic losses for local growers. Through a comprehensive assessment of morphological characteristics and multi-locus phylogenetic analyses of the ITS, LSU, and <em>rpb2</em> gene regions, the potential fungal pathogen responsible for this disease was identified as <em>Stagonosporopsis pogostemonis</em>. Furthermore, Koch's postulates confirmed that this fungus is indeed the causative agent of the disease. This finding represents a significant contribution to the field, as it marks the first report of <em>S. pogostemonis</em> causing fruit rot disease in peppers in China.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10785,"journal":{"name":"Crop Protection","volume":"190 ","pages":"Article 107130"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143125105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"UAV-based herbicide application for efficient weed control and resource savings in direct-seeded rice","authors":"R. Arockia Infant Paul ,&nbsp;P. Murali Arthanari ,&nbsp;Panneerselvam Peramaiyan ,&nbsp;Virender Kumar ,&nbsp;Muthukumar Bagavathiannan ,&nbsp;R. Sabarivasan","doi":"10.1016/j.cropro.2025.107129","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cropro.2025.107129","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Weeds pose a significant challenge to direct-seeded rice (DSR) as they hinder crop growth and yield. Farmers commonly use backpack sprayers (BS) for herbicide application to manage weeds. However, the manual application can be inconsistent, labor-intensive, and pose health risks to applicators. This research evaluates the effectiveness of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) for herbicide application in management of weeds and assess labor, cost, and energy savings. A field trials were conducted at Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India during the kharif (August to November 2022) and rabi (December 2022 to March 2023) seasons. Treatments included UAV and BS application of pre-emergence (PRE), early post-emergence (EPOE), and post-emergence (POE) herbicides along with weed-free and weedy check plots. Results revealed that a single application of EPOE significantly reduced weed control efficiency (WCE) and recorded a yield reduction of 25–29% compared to sequential herbicide treatments. The combination of pretilachlor PRE followed by (fb) bispyribac sodium POE produced the highest grain yield in both application methods. Nevertheless, the UAV treatment yielded the highest net returns by reducing labor requirements (by 50%), application costs (by 18%), and total weed management costs (by 13%) compared to BS treatment. Furthermore, economic threshold analysis confirmed that the sequential application of herbicides through UAVs effectively balanced costs and yield gains. Additionally, UAV application significantly decreased the input energy, application time, and the energy required to produce 1 kg of rice compared to BS method. Our findings suggested that UAV application of herbicides, particularly the combination of pretilachlor PRE fb bispyribac sodium POE, is an effective weed control measure in DSR, while providing profitable yield, income, and energy returns for farmers. To conserve resources and effective weed management, UAVs can be serve as a viable alternative to conventional spraying systems for herbicide application in DSR.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10785,"journal":{"name":"Crop Protection","volume":"190 ","pages":"Article 107129"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143055156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First report of Penicilliopsis clavariiformis causing seed rot in Diospyros crumenata based on morphological, pathological and molecular assessment","authors":"S. Praveena ,&nbsp;Rahul Jose ,&nbsp;Shambhu Kumar ,&nbsp;P. Sujanapal","doi":"10.1016/j.cropro.2025.107120","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cropro.2025.107120","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Diospyros crumenata</em> Thw. is an edible and economically vital critically endangered evergreen tree native to the Western Ghats of India and Sri Lanka. This study investigates the fungal pathogen <em>Penicilliopsis clavariiformis</em>, which has been found for the first time to cause significant seed damage in <em>D. crumenata</em> with a 40% seed rot disease incidence that severely impacts seed germination, characterised through molecular phylogenetic analysis of concatenated sequences of the ITS and <em>tub2</em> genes, combined with cultural and morphological features. Pathogenicity tests conducted both <em>in vivo</em> and <em>in vitro</em>, together with the re-isolation and identification of the pathogen based on Koch's postulates, verified its pathogenic nature. To our knowledge, this is the first report of <em>P. clavariiformis</em> causing seed rot to <em>D. crumenata</em> both in India and globally. This discovery emphasizes the urgent need for a holistic approach for seed disease management to safeguard <em>D. crumenata</em>, which plays a vital role in local ecosystems due to its high timber and nutritional fruit value.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10785,"journal":{"name":"Crop Protection","volume":"190 ","pages":"Article 107120"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143055157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Field efficacy of Trichoderma viride, Pseudomonas fluorescens, and consortia of microbial agents against tomato late blight, Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary in Indo-Gangetic Plain of Bihar","authors":"Abhishek Rana,&nbsp;Naveen Kumar,&nbsp;Ramakrishna Roy,&nbsp;Anupma Kumari,&nbsp;Ravikant Kumar,&nbsp;Anita Gautam,&nbsp;Sripriya Das","doi":"10.1016/j.cropro.2025.107128","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cropro.2025.107128","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Late blight of tomato, caused by <em>Phytophthora infestans</em>, leads to substantial yield losses and significant reduction in crop production, if not managed effectively. Management of tomato late blight largely relies on chemical treatments, which poses a huge risk to the environment. Assuming that biological control is an alternative for late blight management, <em>Trichoderma viride</em> (Tv), <em>Pseudomonas fluorescens</em> (Pf), Arka Microbial Consortium (Bc₁) and PUSA Sampoorn Microbial Consortium (Bc₂) in different combinations were evaluated in present investigation. Among all tested combinations of biocontrol agents, Pf + Bc₁ + Tv + Bc₂ was the most effective with lowest disease incidence (7.41 and 8.85 %) followed by Tv + Bc₂ (10.01 and 11.52 %) during 2022-23 and 2023–24, respectively. During both years, biocontrol agents lowered the disease index by 33–72 % as compared to the control. Furthermore, application of Pf + Bc₁ + Tv + Bc₂ resulted in a marked reduction in the area under disease progress curve (71.7 and 73.4 %) and enhanced the tomato yield (32.9 and 35.5 %) significantly over control. Findings from the present study indicate that the integrated application of <em>T. viride</em>, <em>P. fluorescens</em> and microbial Consortia provides a highly effective and cost-efficient biocontrol strategy for managing late blight in tomato crops. This approach combines multiple beneficial microorganisms that work synergistically to suppress the disease, making it a sustainable and economically viable option for tomato growers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10785,"journal":{"name":"Crop Protection","volume":"190 ","pages":"Article 107128"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143055199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}