Unraveling imidacloprid resistance in Dalbulus maidis (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae): Inheritance patterns, cross-resistance and stability

IF 2.5 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Crop Protection Pub Date : 2025-05-02 DOI:10.1016/j.cropro.2025.107256

Eduardo Perkovski Machado, Emily Vieira Souza, Gabriel Silva Dias, Pedro Vitor Camargo, Celso Omoto

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Abstract

The corn leafhopper, Dalbulus maidis (DeLong & Wolcott), is one of the most important pests affecting corn fields in Brazil. To establish a foundation for implementing insect resistance management (IRM) strategies for D. maidis, we conducted studies to understand the inheritance of resistance to imidacloprid, the cross-resistance profile, and the stability of resistance. An imidacloprid-resistant strain (Imi-R) was selected under laboratory conditions through mass selection using a field population of D. maidis. A portion of this field population was maintained without selection pressure (Imi-unsel) for 10 generations to verify the stability of resistance. The susceptible reference strain (SUS) has been kept without selection pressure for over 10 years. Leaf-dip bioassays showed that the resistance ratio increased from 1397-fold to 8871-fold in the Imi-R strain and decreased from 1.397-fold to 105-fold in the Imi-unsel strain, demonstrating that resistance of D. maidis to imidacloprid is unstable. Reciprocal crosses indicated autosomal, incompletely dominant, and polygenic resistance to imidacloprid. Cross- or multiple-resistance studies demonstrated ratios >200-fold for bifenthrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, and acetamiprid in the Imi-R strain. However, low values were observed between imidacloprid and carbamates (methomyl and carbosulfan), organophosphate (acephate), and the neonicotinoid dinotefuran (RR < 7-fold). After ten generations without selection pressure, the Imi-unsel strain exhibited high mortality in foliar spray (>95 %) and seed treatment (>70 % at 12 days after emergence) at field-recommended rates of imidacloprid, whereas the Imi-R strain exhibited mortality <60 %. These findings explain the rapid evolution of resistance in D. maidis to neonicotinoids and emphasize the need for IRM strategies to maintain the effectiveness of imidacloprid and other insecticides.

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吡虫啉抗性的研究：遗传模式、交叉抗性和稳定性

玉米叶蝉（Dalbulus maidis）；Wolcott)，是影响巴西玉米田最重要的害虫之一。为进一步研究吡虫啉的抗性遗传、交叉抗性谱及抗性稳定性，为实施抗虫管理策略奠定基础。在实验室条件下，利用田间棉铃虫种群进行大量筛选，筛选出一株吡虫啉抗性菌株（Imi-R）。部分田间种群在无选择压力（Imi-unsel）条件下保持10代，以验证抗性的稳定性。敏感参考菌株（SUS）在没有选择压力的情况下保存了10多年。叶片浸渍法测定结果表明，Imi-R菌株的抗性倍数从1397倍增加到8871倍，而Imi-unsel菌株的抗性倍数从1.397倍下降到105倍，表明麦地那蚊对吡虫啉的抗性不稳定。反向杂交显示常染色体、不完全显性和多基因对吡虫啉的抗性。交叉或多重抗性研究表明，Imi-R菌株对联苯菊酯、高效氯氟氰菊酯和啶虫脒的抗性比为200倍。然而，吡虫啉与氨基甲酸酯（灭多威和硫丹）、有机磷（甲胺磷）和新烟碱类呋喃(RR <；7倍)。在没有选择压力的情况下，经过10代后，Imi-unsel菌株在田间推荐剂量吡虫啉的叶面喷雾处理（95%）和种子处理（12天后70%）中表现出较高的死亡率，而Imi-R菌株的死亡率为60%。这些发现解释了麦地那蚊对新烟碱类杀虫剂快速产生抗药性的原因，并强调需要采取IRM策略来维持吡虫啉和其他杀虫剂的有效性。

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来源期刊

Crop Protection 农林科学-农艺学

CiteScore

6.10

自引率

3.60%

发文量

200

审稿时长

29 days

期刊介绍： The Editors of Crop Protection especially welcome papers describing an interdisciplinary approach showing how different control strategies can be integrated into practical pest management programs, covering high and low input agricultural systems worldwide. Crop Protection particularly emphasizes the practical aspects of control in the field and for protected crops, and includes work which may lead in the near future to more effective control. The journal does not duplicate the many existing excellent biological science journals, which deal mainly with the more fundamental aspects of plant pathology, applied zoology and weed science. Crop Protection covers all practical aspects of pest, disease and weed control, including the following topics: -Abiotic damage- Agronomic control methods- Assessment of pest and disease damage- Molecular methods for the detection and assessment of pests and diseases- Biological control- Biorational pesticides- Control of animal pests of world crops- Control of diseases of crop plants caused by microorganisms- Control of weeds and integrated management- Economic considerations- Effects of plant growth regulators- Environmental benefits of reduced pesticide use- Environmental effects of pesticides- Epidemiology of pests and diseases in relation to control- GM Crops, and genetic engineering applications- Importance and control of postharvest crop losses- Integrated control- Interrelationships and compatibility among different control strategies- Invasive species as they relate to implications for crop protection- Pesticide application methods- Pest management- Phytobiomes for pest and disease control- Resistance management- Sampling and monitoring schemes for diseases, nematodes, pests and weeds.