Crop Protection最新文献

{"title":"Molecular identification and management of Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum (Phylotype I) causing bacterial wilt of tomato using copper oxide nanoparticles in Himachal Pradesh, India","authors":"Manisha Saini ,&nbsp;Meenu Gupta ,&nbsp;Vinay Sagar ,&nbsp;Anjali Chauhan ,&nbsp;Rahul Saini ,&nbsp;Gaurav Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.cropro.2025.107152","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cropro.2025.107152","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Ralstonia solanacearum</em> species complex comprises a group of highly destructive strains causing bacterial wilt in a wide range of plants. This study reports, for the first time, the identification of <em>Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum</em> (Phylotype I) as the causative agent of bacterial wilt of tomato in Himachal Pradesh, India, using phylotype-specific multiplex PCR. The pathogen was characterized as rod-shaped with length ranging from 1.4 to 1.8 μm using transmission electron microscopy. Additionally, the antibacterial efficacy of metal CuO nanoparticles against <em>Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum</em> was evaluated both under <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em> conditions. Characterization of CuO nanoparticles was performed using transmission electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, revealing particle sizes between 20 and 100 nm and confirming the presence of Cu-O bonds. <em>In vitro</em> tests demonstrated antibacterial activity of CuO nanoparticles, with inhibition zones ranging from 1.75 ± 0.90 mm at 50 ppm to 11.17 ± 2.89 mm at 500 ppm. In glasshouse experiments, CuO nanoparticles reduced bacterial wilt incidence to 25% at a concentration of 500 mg⁻¹ soil, with generally consistent results observed in the subsequent season.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10785,"journal":{"name":"Crop Protection","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 107152"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143372841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trichoderma atroviride LR28 as a potential biocontrol agent against Thecaphora frezzii and inductor of biochemical responses in peanut","authors":"J.A. Paredes ,&nbsp;M.C. Guzzo ,&nbsp;N. Bernardi Lima ,&nbsp;A. Pérez ,&nbsp;N.R. González ,&nbsp;J.H. Monguillot ,&nbsp;G.A. Posada ,&nbsp;M.I. Monteoliva ,&nbsp;A. Rago ,&nbsp;L. Valetti","doi":"10.1016/j.cropro.2025.107140","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cropro.2025.107140","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Peanut smut (caused by the pathogenic fungi <em>Thecaphora frezzii</em>) is one of the most relevant diseases regarding peanut (<em>Arachis hypogaea</em> L.) productivity in Argentina. Cultural strategies have not been successful in controlling the disease. Chemical strategies are the ones that offer acceptable control, but they have low adoption rates and erratic effects. To find a biocontroller that offers a low environmental and economic cost control strategy, we assessed the antagonistic capacity of 14 <em>Trichoderma</em> isolates against <em>T. frezzii</em>. We selected the four with the highest antagonistic effect <em>in vitro</em> and tested them in pot and field assays. A principal component analysis highlighted the LR28 strain as the most effective biocontrol agent. We molecularly identified LR28 as <em>Trichoderma atroviride</em>. Lastly, the reduction of smut incidence induced by <em>T. atroviride</em> LR28 was associated with the modulation of the osmotic and redox balance in a pot assay. Our results proposed <em>Trichoderma atroviride</em> LR28 as a promising biocontrol agent for managing peanut smut disease in the Argentinian peanut production region.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10785,"journal":{"name":"Crop Protection","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 107140"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143372839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Baseline susceptibility and biochemical mechanism of field-evolved resistance in brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) to flupyrimin in India","authors":"Debashis Roy ,&nbsp;Koushik Paul ,&nbsp;Abhisek Biswas ,&nbsp;Argha Ghosh ,&nbsp;Meghna Biswas ,&nbsp;Santanu Banerjee ,&nbsp;Sujan Biswas ,&nbsp;Gautam Chakraborty","doi":"10.1016/j.cropro.2025.107161","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cropro.2025.107161","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The brown planthopper, <em>Nilaparvata lugens</em> (Stål), is one of the most devastating and economically significant rice pests in Asia. Widespread application of chemical insecticides for controlling brown planthopper (BPH) has resulted in resistance to several insecticides leading to frequent control failures in the field. The newly introduced pyridylidene insecticide flupyrimin provided a novel tool to control BPH because of its unique target site and high selectivity. The present study examined the relative susceptibility of twenty-nine field populations of <em>N. lugens</em> to flupyrimin where most BPH strains exhibited negligible resistance levels (resistance ratio between 1.15 and 8.23-fold) compared to the Lab/Nlgn-WB strain. However, the field strain collected from Chhattisgarh (Rp-CG) showed moderate resistance to flupyrimin (48.63-fold). Following laboratory selection, a significant cross-resistance to clothianidin (26.18-fold) was observed in the flupyrimin-resistant (FPM-R) strain of BPH with a lack of cross-resistance to sulfoxaflor, triflumezopyrim, buprofezin, pymetrozine, and other tested neonicotinoids. Piperonyl butoxide (PBO) significantly synergized the activity of flupyrimin (2.74-fold) in the FPM-R strain of <em>N. lugens</em>. Compared to the FPM-S strain, the P450 enzyme activity of the FPM-R strain of BPH was increased significantly (3.09-fold), and five P450 genes were overexpressed at mRNA level to &gt;2.0-fold in the later strain. Besides, the knockdown of the highest upregulated (21.69-fold) <em>CYP6AY1</em> gene by RNA interference (RNAi) remarkably increased the flupyrimin toxicity against BPH. The present results suggested that metabolic detoxification by the overexpression of <em>CYP6AY1</em> could play a significant role in the resistance of <em>N. lugens</em> to flupyrimin. These findings will aid in formulating effective strategies for insecticide resistance management, contributing to the sustainable control of BPH in the field.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10785,"journal":{"name":"Crop Protection","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 107161"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143396051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occurrence and dynamics of resistance to a QoI and a DMI fungicide in Erysiphe necator the causal agent of grape powdery mildew in Israel","authors":"L. Gur ,&nbsp;Y. Cohen ,&nbsp;O. Frenkel ,&nbsp;S. Ovadia ,&nbsp;M. Reuveni","doi":"10.1016/j.cropro.2025.107154","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cropro.2025.107154","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Powdery mildew incited by the fungus <em>Erysiphe necator</em> is a destructive disease of grapes in Israel and elsewhere, attacking green parts of the vine and reducing yield and wine quality. Demethylation inhibitors (DMI) and quinone outside inhibitors (QoI) fungicides are frequently used to control the disease. However, starting in 2005 and 2007, respectively, we observed reduced control efficacy of DMI and QoI fungicides in Israel. The resistance of <em>E. necator</em> to DMI or QoI has not been phenotypically described or genetically characterized in the Middle Eastern region, and the seasonal dynamics of resistance have been under-studied worldwide. Field experiments performed during 2017 and 2018 in the Judean-foothills and Upper Galilee regions, showed reduced efficacy of both fungicides. Sensitivity of <em>E. necator</em> to the fungicides was determined in grape leaf disks bioassays. Isolates collected from sprayed plots exhibited EC50 values of 100–1000 and 2–8 μg/mL for QoI and DMI, respectively, while isolates collected from non-sprayed vines showed EC50 values of 0.5–1.6 and 0.04–1.8 μg/mL, respectively. Resistant isolates carried the genetic mutations to DMI (Y136F) and QoI (G143A). We conclude that the recently reduced control efficacy of the disease in Israeli vineyards resulted from fungicide resistance. Seasonal dynamics of DMI and QoI mutant isolates in the vineyards were different. The proportion of QoI mutant isolates increased and became dominant by mid and late season, while DMI mutant isolates dominated mid-season, and DMI-wild-type isolates dominated at the beginning and end of the season when selection pressure was low.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10785,"journal":{"name":"Crop Protection","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 107154"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143372840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Newsletter 190","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.cropro.2025.107125","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cropro.2025.107125","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10785,"journal":{"name":"Crop Protection","volume":"190 ","pages":"Article 107125"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143340611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A sustainable biocontrol approach using rhizosphere bacterial strains against Meloidogyne javanica on tomato","authors":"Saeid Mahdi,&nbsp;Habiballah Charehgani,&nbsp;Rasool Rezaei","doi":"10.1016/j.cropro.2025.107144","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cropro.2025.107144","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The root-knot nematode (RKN), <em>Meloidogyne javanica</em>, causes severe damage to a wide variety of crops. These nematodes significantly reduce tomato yield globally, causing symptoms such as stunted growth, galls on roots, chlorosis, and wilting, ultimately leading to host death. Classical nematode control methods, such as the application of chemical nematicides, are very effective; however, their use is limited due to conflicts with sustainable agriculture. Therefore, biological methods, are gaining attention as more environmentally friendly options. In the present study, 47 strains of bacteria were isolated from the rhizosphere of RKN-infected plants. The effect of these strains was studied on egg hatching and second stage infective juveniles (J2s) mortality of <em>M. javanica</em>, <em>in vitro</em>. Then, three holes were made in the soil around the roots of non-inoculated and nematode inoculated tomato plants and a suspension of 15 mL of three isolates with the greatest negative effect on hatching and J2s mortality (10⁷ CFU/ml), was poured into the holes. <em>Stenotrophomonas maltophilia</em> CPHE1, <em>Peribacillus frigoritolerans</em> Rhs-L31 and <em>Bacillus cereus</em> Pt0-RL12 improved the vegetative indices of inoculated plants compared to control plants. These strains significantly reduced nematode hatching and significantly increased mortality of nematode J2s; and in greenhouse pot experiments significantly reduced the number of nematode eggs and egg masses, root galls, and nematode reproduction factor. In each case, inoculation with the bacterial strains significantly increased peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activity, and decreased catalase activity in tomato roots infected with <em>M. javanica</em>. The present study indicates the potential of these bacterial strains for biocontrol of <em>M. javanica</em> on tomato.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10785,"journal":{"name":"Crop Protection","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 107144"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143379158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pruning as an effective strategy for the integrated management of fruit and stem canker in dragon fruit production","authors":"Pamela Suellen Salvador Dutra ,&nbsp;Romina Gazis ,&nbsp;Jonathan H. Crane ,&nbsp;Shouan Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.cropro.2025.107145","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cropro.2025.107145","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Neoscytalidium dimidiatum</em> (Penz.) Crous &amp; Slippers, the causal agent of stem and fruit canker, poses a significant threat to dragon fruit (<em>Selenicereus</em> spp.) production worldwide, potentially causing up to a 60% reduction in fruit market value. This study evaluated the effectiveness of winter pruning to manage this disease in two commercial orchards from mid-October 2022 to July 2023. Stem canker severity (%), fruit canker severity (%), the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) of stem canker severity (ss_AUDPC), fruit canker incidence (i_AUDPC), and fruit canker severity (sAUDPC) were determined in pruned plants and non-pruned plants. At both locations, pruned plants consistently showed significantly lower values for stem and fruit severity, ss_AUDPC, i_AUDPC, and s_AUDPC compared to non-pruned plants (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). In Orchard 1, fruit canker severity decreased from 2.92% in non-pruned plants to 1.70% in pruned plants. Similarly, in Orchard 2, fruit canker severity declined from 1.80% in non-pruned plants to 0.89% in pruned plants. Winter pruning resulted in up to 61% control of stem canker and 42–51% control of fruit canker. These findings demonstrate that pruning is a critical cultural practice that should be integrated with other preventative strategies to support sustainable dragon fruit production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10785,"journal":{"name":"Crop Protection","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 107145"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143350192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum siamense on rambutan in China","authors":"Gengxin Chen ,&nbsp;Jinhua Sun ,&nbsp;Jiaming Cui ,&nbsp;Yu Wang ,&nbsp;Yajun Ran ,&nbsp;Deqiang Gong ,&nbsp;Yi Yang ,&nbsp;Meijiao Hu ,&nbsp;Min Li","doi":"10.1016/j.cropro.2025.107141","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cropro.2025.107141","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rambutan (<em>Nephelium lappaceum</em> L.) is a tropical fruit tree in China with important economic value. In September 2023, a severe anthracnose-like leaf spot disease was observed in a plantation of rambutan in Baoting County, China. The pathogen was identified as <em>Colletotrichum siamense</em> by morphological characters, pathogenicity test and multilocus phylogenetic analysis, combined with ITS, <em>GAPDH</em>, <em>TUB2</em>, <em>CAL</em> and <em>ACT</em> sequences. This is the first report of <em>Colletotrichum siamense</em> causing anthracnose on rambutan in China.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10785,"journal":{"name":"Crop Protection","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 107141"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143350191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occurrence of Nigrospora osmanthi causing leaf spot on Artemisia argyi in China","authors":"Kuan Yang ,&nbsp;Xiyao Yang ,&nbsp;Mengzhi Li ,&nbsp;Danxia Li ,&nbsp;Xianzhang Huang ,&nbsp;Chao Li","doi":"10.1016/j.cropro.2025.107142","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cropro.2025.107142","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Artemisia argyi</em>, a perennial herbaceous plant of the Asteraceae family, is extensively distributed and holds substantial medicinal value. In August 2023, symptoms of <em>A</em>. <em>argyi</em> leaf spot disease were observed at a <em>A</em>. <em>argyi</em> planting base in Qiaotou Town, Nanyang City, Henan Province, with an incidence rate exceeding 90%. The disease manifested as multiple dark brown, nearly circular spots on the leaf surface, which subsequently led to leaf yellowing, withering, and defoliation. To identify the pathogen, analyses of morphological characteristics, phylogenetic analyses of multiple genes, and pathogenicity tests were conducted. The results indicated that the pathogen was <em>Nigrospora osmanthi</em>. To our knowledge, this is the first report of <em>N. osmanthi</em> causing leaf spots on <em>A</em>. <em>argyi</em> in China.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10785,"journal":{"name":"Crop Protection","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 107142"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143379156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of leaf water content measurement to improve herbicide efficacy for effective weed management in a changing climate – A review","authors":"Tasawer Abbas ,&nbsp;Naila Farooq ,&nbsp;Muhammad Ather Nadeem","doi":"10.1016/j.cropro.2025.107138","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cropro.2025.107138","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Climate change intensifies the impact of weeds, posing a significant threat to sustainable crop production and food security on a global scale. Weeds are more adaptable and resilient compared to crop species under climate change. Climate change complicates the effectiveness of weed control methods, leading to continuous decline in efficacy of herbicides, demanding more precise and site-specific herbicide application to address the evolving challenges. Leaf water content (LWC), a fundamental eco-physiological trait, serves as a key indicator of climate change effects and exhibits a strong correlation with herbicide efficacy. Assessing leaf water status of weeds can advance weed management. Different methods such as traditional gravimetric techniques, non-destructive techniques and modern remote sensing techniques for LWC estimation have modernized the measurement of LWC. Advanced methods now enable field application for real-time estimation of LWC, thereby enhancing potential for application in weed control practices. An integrated approach that combines various remote sensing technologies could provide the most comprehensive method for non-destructive, real-time LWC measurement. The development of better calibration models, integration of LWC measurements into predictive models for weed control efficacy, and refinement of remote sensing technology can help to precise weed control under changing climate. This article provides comprehensive review of impact of climate change on weeds and efficacy of weed control methods, role of LWC in enhancing weed management, and diversity of technologies used for monitoring LWC. Integrated weed control based on LWC measurement can significantly reduce herbicide pollution, ensure sustainable weed management, and minimize crop yield losses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10785,"journal":{"name":"Crop Protection","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 107138"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143325985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}