Identity and pathogenicity of Diaporthe species causing canker and dieback on twigs of Rhus chinensis in Southwest China

IF 2.5 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Crop Protection Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI:10.1016/j.cropro.2025.107259

Tao Ma, Xiao-Fei Ling, Zi-Xiang Yang

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Chinese gallnuts are widely used in medicine and chemicals due to their high tannin acid content. Rhus chinensis, the main host of the gall aphid, produces horned gallnuts that account for more than 70 % of all Chinese gallnut production. Fungal diseases like canker and dieback on R. chinensis threaten gall quality and yield, but little is known about their causative fungi. In 2021, twig canker and dieback affected 67.7 % of R. chinensis plants in Niujie Town, Yunnan province, Southwest China. Our study revealed that Diaporthe spp. are the main agents of the diseases, based on morphology, multigene phylogeny (ITS, tef1-α, tub2, his3 and cal), and pathogenicity tests. This is the first study of identity and pathogenicity of Diaporthe species causing twig canker and dieback on R. chinensis. Diaporthe spp. were isolated from all 11 diseased samples, with six common species identified, belonging to two sections: Section Eres (D. apiculata, D. citrichinensis, D. eres, and D. oraccinii) and Section Sojae (D. orixae and D. soja). Section Eres was predominant (IR = 42.7 %), with the D. citrichinensis species complex (D. citrichinensis and D. oraccinii) as the dominant taxon. Four tested species (D. citrichinensis, D. eres, D. oraccinii, and D. orixae) caused lesions and/or dieback on 5-year-old twigs of R. chinensis in in vivo pathogenicity tests. This finding provides a foundation for disease management in gallnut production and further exploration of how fungi overcome tannin-based plant defenses and their role in plant disease, aiding in developing effective control strategies against these fungal pathogens.

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西南柽柳枝溃疡病和枯枝枯病病原菌的鉴定和致病性

五倍子因其单宁酸含量高而被广泛应用于医药和化工领域。瘿蚜的主要寄主Rhus chinensis生产的有角的五倍子占中国所有五倍子产量的70%以上。白桦的溃疡病和枯死病等真菌病害威胁着白桦的品质和产量，但对其致病真菌知之甚少。2021年，云南省牛街镇有67.7%的柽柳发生树枝溃疡病和枯枝病。基于形态学、ITS、tef1-α、tub2、his3和cal的多基因系统发育和致病性检测结果表明，Diaporthe spp是该疾病的主要病原。本文首次研究了引起中华白杨枝条溃疡病和枯死病的散斑菌的特性和致病性。从11份病样中均分离到Diaporthe，共鉴定出6种，分属2个断面：Eres断面（D. apiculata， D. citrichinensis， D. Eres和D. oraccinii）和Sojae断面（D. orixae和D. soja）。Eres区为优势区（IR = 42.7%），优势类群为柠檬酸d - oraccinii种复合体。在体内致病性试验中，4种被试种（柠檬酸D. citrichinensis、赤霉素D. eres、奥氏D. oraccinii和奥氏D. orixae）可引起中国白杨5年生枝条的病变和/或枯死。这一发现为五倍子生产中的疾病管理提供了基础，并进一步探索真菌如何克服基于单宁的植物防御及其在植物疾病中的作用，有助于制定针对这些真菌病原体的有效控制策略。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Crop Protection 农林科学-农艺学

CiteScore

6.10

自引率

3.60%

发文量

200

审稿时长

29 days

期刊介绍： The Editors of Crop Protection especially welcome papers describing an interdisciplinary approach showing how different control strategies can be integrated into practical pest management programs, covering high and low input agricultural systems worldwide. Crop Protection particularly emphasizes the practical aspects of control in the field and for protected crops, and includes work which may lead in the near future to more effective control. The journal does not duplicate the many existing excellent biological science journals, which deal mainly with the more fundamental aspects of plant pathology, applied zoology and weed science. Crop Protection covers all practical aspects of pest, disease and weed control, including the following topics: -Abiotic damage- Agronomic control methods- Assessment of pest and disease damage- Molecular methods for the detection and assessment of pests and diseases- Biological control- Biorational pesticides- Control of animal pests of world crops- Control of diseases of crop plants caused by microorganisms- Control of weeds and integrated management- Economic considerations- Effects of plant growth regulators- Environmental benefits of reduced pesticide use- Environmental effects of pesticides- Epidemiology of pests and diseases in relation to control- GM Crops, and genetic engineering applications- Importance and control of postharvest crop losses- Integrated control- Interrelationships and compatibility among different control strategies- Invasive species as they relate to implications for crop protection- Pesticide application methods- Pest management- Phytobiomes for pest and disease control- Resistance management- Sampling and monitoring schemes for diseases, nematodes, pests and weeds.