Multiple detoxification enzymes mediate resistance to anticholinesterase insecticides in Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)

IF 2.5 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Crop Protection Pub Date : 2025-05-05 DOI:10.1016/j.cropro.2025.107261

Seena R. Subhagan , Berin Pathrose , Mani Chellappan , M.S. Smitha , M.T. Ranjith , Smita Nair , D. Dhalin

{"title":"Multiple detoxification enzymes mediate resistance to anticholinesterase insecticides in Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)","authors":"Seena R. Subhagan , Berin Pathrose , Mani Chellappan , M.S. Smitha , M.T. Ranjith , Smita Nair , D. Dhalin","doi":"10.1016/j.cropro.2025.107261","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Insecticide resistance in rice pests is a critical issue, yet research on resistance remains limited, leaving gaps in baseline data for effective resistance monitoring. This study addresses the gaps in resistance monitoring of rice leaf folder, <em>Cnaphalocrocis medinalis,</em> by assessing susceptibility to acephate, quinalphos, and carbosulfan while identifying underlying biochemical mechanisms. The susceptibility of <em>C. medinalis</em> varied significantly, with resistance ratios ranging from low to high for acephate (RR 5.07–172.53), high for quinalphos (RR 133.24–611.37), and moderate to high for carbosulfan (RR 25.40–347.96). Increased activity of detoxification enzymes, including carboxylesterase, glutathione S-transferase, and cytochrome P450-dependent monooxygenases, were further validated by synergism assays. Resistance mechanisms were enzyme-specific, with elevated CarE activity contributing to acephate resistance in the PKD population (TPP, SR = 24.81-fold) and to quinalphos resistance in the KUD (TPP, SR = 51.69-fold) and TCR (TPP, SR = 104.11-fold) populations. Increased Cyt P450 activity resulted in acephate resistance (PBO, SR = 72.01-fold) in the KUD population and carbosulfan resistance (PBO, SR = 3.13-fold) in the ONT population. Whereas multiple enzymes were implicated in acephate resistance in TCR, quinalphos resistance in PKD and ONT, and carbosulfan resistance in PKD, KUD, and TCR. The variations in the susceptibility of <em>C. medinalis</em> to organophosphates and carbamates present the first documented case of acephate resistance in India and the first report of carbosulfan resistance globally. Metabolic resistance to specific insecticides associated with multiple detoxification enzymes underscores the necessity for thoughtful insecticide rotation to ensure effective resistance management strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10785,"journal":{"name":"Crop Protection","volume":"195 ","pages":"Article 107261"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5000,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Crop Protection","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S026121942500153X","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"AGRONOMY","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Insecticide resistance in rice pests is a critical issue, yet research on resistance remains limited, leaving gaps in baseline data for effective resistance monitoring. This study addresses the gaps in resistance monitoring of rice leaf folder, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis, by assessing susceptibility to acephate, quinalphos, and carbosulfan while identifying underlying biochemical mechanisms. The susceptibility of C. medinalis varied significantly, with resistance ratios ranging from low to high for acephate (RR 5.07–172.53), high for quinalphos (RR 133.24–611.37), and moderate to high for carbosulfan (RR 25.40–347.96). Increased activity of detoxification enzymes, including carboxylesterase, glutathione S-transferase, and cytochrome P450-dependent monooxygenases, were further validated by synergism assays. Resistance mechanisms were enzyme-specific, with elevated CarE activity contributing to acephate resistance in the PKD population (TPP, SR = 24.81-fold) and to quinalphos resistance in the KUD (TPP, SR = 51.69-fold) and TCR (TPP, SR = 104.11-fold) populations. Increased Cyt P450 activity resulted in acephate resistance (PBO, SR = 72.01-fold) in the KUD population and carbosulfan resistance (PBO, SR = 3.13-fold) in the ONT population. Whereas multiple enzymes were implicated in acephate resistance in TCR, quinalphos resistance in PKD and ONT, and carbosulfan resistance in PKD, KUD, and TCR. The variations in the susceptibility of C. medinalis to organophosphates and carbamates present the first documented case of acephate resistance in India and the first report of carbosulfan resistance globally. Metabolic resistance to specific insecticides associated with multiple detoxification enzymes underscores the necessity for thoughtful insecticide rotation to ensure effective resistance management strategies.

Abstract Image

查看原文本刊更多论文

多重解毒酶介导稻纵卷叶蝉对抗胆碱酯酶类杀虫剂的抗性（鳞翅目：蛾科）

水稻害虫的杀虫剂抗性是一个关键问题，然而对抗性的研究仍然有限，为有效的抗性监测留下了基线数据的空白。本研究通过评估水稻稻卷叶螟（Cnaphalocrocis medinalis）对乙酰甲胺磷、醌和硫丹的敏感性，同时确定潜在的生化机制，解决了稻卷叶螟（Cnaphalocrocis medinalis）抗性监测方面的空白。稻纹草对乙酰甲胺磷的抗性由低到高（RR 5.07-172.53），对喹硫磷的抗性由高到高（RR 133.24-611.37），对硫丹的抗性由中到高（RR 25.40-347.96）。解毒酶的活性增加，包括羧酯酶、谷胱甘肽s转移酶和细胞色素p450依赖的单加氧酶，进一步通过协同作用实验得到验证。耐药机制具有酶特异性，CarE活性升高导致PKD群体（TPP, SR = 24.81倍）对甲胺磷耐药，KUD （TPP, SR = 51.69倍）和TCR （TPP, SR = 104.11倍）群体对喹硫磷耐药。Cyt P450活性增加导致KUD群体对乙酰甲胺磷抗性（PBO, SR = 72.01倍）和ONT群体对硫丹抗性（PBO, SR = 3.13倍）。然而，多种酶与TCR的乙酰甲胺磷抗性、PKD和ONT的喹磷抗性以及PKD、KUD和TCR的硫丹抗性有关。稻纵卷叶虫对有机磷和氨基甲酸酯的易感性差异是印度首次记录的甲胺磷耐药病例和全球首次报告的硫丹耐药病例。对与多种解毒酶相关的特定杀虫剂的代谢抗性强调了考虑周到的杀虫剂轮作的必要性，以确保有效的抗性管理策略。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Crop Protection 农林科学-农艺学

CiteScore

6.10

自引率

3.60%

发文量

200

审稿时长

29 days

期刊介绍： The Editors of Crop Protection especially welcome papers describing an interdisciplinary approach showing how different control strategies can be integrated into practical pest management programs, covering high and low input agricultural systems worldwide. Crop Protection particularly emphasizes the practical aspects of control in the field and for protected crops, and includes work which may lead in the near future to more effective control. The journal does not duplicate the many existing excellent biological science journals, which deal mainly with the more fundamental aspects of plant pathology, applied zoology and weed science. Crop Protection covers all practical aspects of pest, disease and weed control, including the following topics: -Abiotic damage- Agronomic control methods- Assessment of pest and disease damage- Molecular methods for the detection and assessment of pests and diseases- Biological control- Biorational pesticides- Control of animal pests of world crops- Control of diseases of crop plants caused by microorganisms- Control of weeds and integrated management- Economic considerations- Effects of plant growth regulators- Environmental benefits of reduced pesticide use- Environmental effects of pesticides- Epidemiology of pests and diseases in relation to control- GM Crops, and genetic engineering applications- Importance and control of postharvest crop losses- Integrated control- Interrelationships and compatibility among different control strategies- Invasive species as they relate to implications for crop protection- Pesticide application methods- Pest management- Phytobiomes for pest and disease control- Resistance management- Sampling and monitoring schemes for diseases, nematodes, pests and weeds.