Critical reviews in analytical chemistry最新文献

{"title":"Advances in Nucleic Acid-Based Amplification Strategies for Dual-Mode Biosensing of Pathogenic Bacteria: From Molecular Mechanisms to Integrated Analytical Systems.","authors":"Salah Tofik Jalal Balaky, Ban Hussein Alwash, Faisal Faruq Sadiq Zamzamokey, Amer Ali Khaleel, Hasanain Saadi Abbas Al-Qaysi, Mehregan Babamohamadi","doi":"10.1080/10408347.2026.2706684","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10408347.2026.2706684","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rapid, accurate, and reliable detection of pathogenic bacteria remains a critical need in clinical, food, and environmental monitoring. In today's context, nucleic acid amplification-mediated biosensing have emerged as a prominent approach to improve detection sensitivity, whereas dual-mode signal readout approaches have more enhanced analytical robustness and reliability. This review outlines recent advances in nucleic acid signal amplification strategies, including enzyme-based methods like LAMP, RPA, and RCA, as well as enzyme-free approaches like HCR, CHA, and EDR. Special attention is given to incorporating these amplification methods into dual-mode biosensing systems that combine both optical and electrochemical transduction mechanisms. This integration enables complementary signal generation and improves detection accuracy by reducing false-positive and false-negative results. This study critically examines the advancement of nucleic acid signal amplification strategies (NASAS)-mediated dual-mode sensing systems for detecting major pathogenic bacteria, including <i>Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus</i>, and <i>Vibrio species</i>, focusing on selectivity, sensitivity, assay design, and real-sample applicability. Finally, the review highlights present challenges related to system integration, standardization, and point-of-care applications. Additionally, it outlines potential future directions for rendering nucleic acid amplification-based dual-mode probes into practical diagnostic devices. Overall, this study affords a comprehensive synthesis of emerging approaches and design mechanisms for next-generation diagnostic scaffold for pathogen analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":10744,"journal":{"name":"Critical reviews in analytical chemistry","volume":" ","pages":"1-22"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148673169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MXenes@MOFs Hybrid Heterointerfaces for Electrochemical Sensing: Interface Engineering, Progress, Challenges and Opportunities.","authors":"Adel Mohammed Al-Dhahebi, Subash C B Gopinath, Mohamed Shuaib Mohamed Saheed, Tauseef Ahmed, Rajan Jose","doi":"10.1080/10408347.2026.2708867","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10408347.2026.2708867","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>MXenes are fascinating 2D-materials with great potential for electrochemical sensing interfaces owing to their high metallic conductivity, rich surface chemistry, and redox activity. MOFs are unique crystalline structures with ultra-large surface areas and rich adsorption and tunable porous active sites, yet their poor electrical conductivity, charge transport efficiency and chemical and mechanical robustness hinder their practical electrochemical sensing feasibility. Recently, integrating MXenes with MOFs enables designing novel hybrid materials with unique interfacial and synergized properties that resolve this porosity-conductivity trade off. However, engineering MXene@MOFs hybrids with desired heterointerfacial structures and synergized electrochemical sensing properties and behaviors remains under explored. This critical Review discusses the progress of in-situ, ex-situ and derivative methods to engineer MXene@MOFs hybrids with emphasis on interface covalent and non-covalent bonding, distribution of crystallized MOFs into MXenes' interlayer spacing, synergized heterojunctions' formation, and heterointerface sensing mechanism. Moreover, it comprehensively discusses and summaries the progress of these intriguing hybrid materials across wide spectrum of hazardous compounds and environmental pollutants such as antibiotics residuals, heavy metal ions, pesticides, mycotoxins, phenolic, synthetic molecules, and various health related diseases including cancer, amino acids, vitamins, hormones, wearable noninvasive analysis (sweat, saliva, tears and L-cysteine), cardiovascular disease (CVD), glucose, creatinine, and metabolic biomarkers. MXene@MOFs hybrid materials demonstrate unique synergized sensing performance such as the high stability, low signal to noise ratio and lower skin interference impedance compared to Ag/AgCL commercial electrodes. Finally, the sensing mechanism and properties (sensitivity, selectivity, long term stability and reproducibility), commercialization prospects and challenges, future direction and opportunities are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":10744,"journal":{"name":"Critical reviews in analytical chemistry","volume":" ","pages":"1-36"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148673096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Quantification to Translation: Advanced Bioanalytical Strategies for Evaluating Targeted Drug Delivery Systems Across Molecular, Cellular, and In Vivo Scales.","authors":"Buduru Gowthami, Harshitha K S, Sania Hermain, Nimbagal Raghavendra Naveen","doi":"10.1080/10408347.2026.2706677","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10408347.2026.2706677","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Targeted Drug Delivery Systems (TDDS) have been proposed as an innovative approach for enhancing therapeutic efficiency through selective targeting of drugs. Although there has been substantial progress in the area of targeted therapy, the application of TDDS into clinical practice has been impeded by difficulties in their bioanalysis. Existing bioanalytical methods designed for small-molecule drugs are not sufficient for proper characterization of the complex structure, dynamics, and functionality of the advanced delivery systems. This article reviews various methods of bioanalysis used in the assessment of TDDS at the molecular,cellular, tissue,and in vivo levels. Special emphasis is placed on problems such as separation of encapsulated and released drugs, the formation of the protein corona, matrix effects, biodistribution analysis, and detection of very low drug concentrations. Additionally, the review highlights important translational bottlenecks, such as non-standardization of protocols, regulatory challenges, method validation difficulties, and scaling problems.Emerging approaches like artificial intelligence-enabled bioanalysis, multi-omics, smart biosensing, personalized assessment, and digital twin technology are analyzed as possible remedies to tackle the existing challenges.Collectively, these advancements underscore the importance of integrated and standardized bioanalytical frameworks for bridging preclinical evaluation with clinical translation, thereby enabling the successful development and implementation of next-generation targeted drug delivery systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":10744,"journal":{"name":"Critical reviews in analytical chemistry","volume":" ","pages":"1-19"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148673107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ternary Deep Eutectic Solvents in Analytical Chemistry: Design Principles, Sample-Preparation Strategies, and Emerging Sensing Applications.","authors":"Tahir, Muhammad Balal Arain, Abdul Niaz, Mustafa Soylak","doi":"10.1080/10408347.2026.2705905","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10408347.2026.2705905","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this review, we emphasize on ternary deep eutectic solvents (TDESs) utilized in environmental and analytical chemistry for separation and sensing purposes in contrast to their binary counterparts, known as simple deep eutectic solvents (DESs). To ensure food security, high water quality, and environmental protection from the current industrialized era of the twenty-first century, it is of utmost importance to determine and separate effluents, pollutants, or any undesired materials in our related day-to-day utilities, foods, or nature using a more efficient and green separating media or sensor. For this reason, there is no better choice for an analytical chemist to design and use hybrid and natural ternary deep eutectic solvents, with enhanced physicochemical properties. Since the discovery of simple binary DESs, they have been applied in sensing and separation sciences, but the invention of ternary deep eutectic solvents has made them a more interesting and suitable candidate for the development of separation or sensor methodologies based on TDESs. Furthermore, we explore TDES structure-property relationships, showing how the choice of components dictates macroscopic properties. This molecular-level understanding facilitates the rational design of tailored solvents for analytical applications. This review consolidates recent advances in TDES-based sensing and separation to support future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":10744,"journal":{"name":"Critical reviews in analytical chemistry","volume":" ","pages":"1-21"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148668477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Green Electrochemical Nano-Biosensors for Sustainable Arsenic Speciation and Monitoring.","authors":"Omar Ramadan, Abm Sharif Hossain, Ahmed A Allam, Rehab Mahmoud, Waleed Alahmad, Charoenkwan Kraiya","doi":"10.1080/10408347.2026.2706676","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10408347.2026.2706676","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Arsenic contamination in food and water remains a major global health issue, particularly across South and Southeast Asia. Although advanced analytical methods such as ICP-MS and GFAAS offer high sensitivity and precision, they are costly, laboratory-bound, and require skilled operators. In contrast, electrochemical nano-biosensors have emerged as a practical and cost-effective alternative, offering low cost, rapid detection, and portability suitable for field applications. This review recent advances in developing green-engineered nanomaterials for electrochemical arsenic detection, emphasizing eco-friendly synthesis routes and environmentally responsible design principles. Green fabrication of metal and metal-oxide nanoparticles, carbon-based materials, and hybrid composites has significantly improved sensor performance by enhancing surface area, conductivity, and catalytic activity while minimizing environmental impact. Key biosensing strategies are discussed, including aptamer-, enzyme-, and whole-cell-based systems capable of distinguishing between arsenic species. The review also highlights innovations in biodegradable polymers, waste-derived carbons, and renewable substrates that align with circular-economy principles. Finally, future perspectives highlight the integration of Internet of Things (IoT) and artificial intelligence (AI) technologies for real-time, decentralized monitoring. Collectively, these green nano-biosensing systems represent a critical step toward accessible, and efficient arsenic detection for global water safety.</p>","PeriodicalId":10744,"journal":{"name":"Critical reviews in analytical chemistry","volume":" ","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148648419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Boron-Doped Diamond Electrodes for Voltammetric Determination of Major Antibiotic Classes: Electrochemical Mechanisms, Intelligent Analytical Systems, and Critical Perspectives.","authors":"Hemn A H Barzani, Rebaz Anwar Omer, Khalamala Ibrahim Salih Barzani, Hazha Omar Othman, Ali Sedeeq Noaman, Kovan Dilawer Issa, Seerwan Hamadameen Sulaiman","doi":"10.1080/10408347.2026.2708870","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10408347.2026.2708870","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This review sort of critically assesses how boron-doped diamond electrodes (BDDEs) are becoming more important for voltammetric determination of major antibiotic groups, like fluoroquinolones, tetracyclines, sulfonamides, $beta$-lactams and rifamycins. It points out that conventional chromatography still has limitations such as high costs, plus demanding and sometimes complicated sample preparation. Because of that, BDDEs are positioned as a faster, very sensitive option. Their wide potential windows, low background currents, excellent durability, and this noticeable anti-fouling tendency help them show better analytical results than typical electrode materials. When it comes to actually measuring trace levels, differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and square-wave voltammetry (SWV) seem to be the most effective. Also, if you use nanostructured or otherwise modified BDDE surfaces, selectivity can improve in a meaningful way. Beyond sensing, BDDE-based platforms also look promising for joint applications such as detection and environmental electrooxidative remediation. Compared with earlier studies, this work is different because it ties together electrochemical mechanisms, voltammetric performance, and intelligent technologies. In the near future, combining artificial intelligence, chemometrics, portable setups, and automated systems should enable real-time, more sustainable antibiotic monitoring across pharmaceutical, clinical, and environmental matrices.</p>","PeriodicalId":10744,"journal":{"name":"Critical reviews in analytical chemistry","volume":" ","pages":"1-31"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148618722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Next-Generation Rapid Pesticide Assays: A Critical Review of Analytical Methods, Detection Limits, and Future Directions.","authors":"Dinesh Kumar, Ayushi Jain, Harinder Singh Oberoi, Komal Chauhan, Atul Kumar Gupta, Himanshu Kaushik","doi":"10.1080/10408347.2026.2700593","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10408347.2026.2700593","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The large-scale application of pesticides in present-day agriculture renders the demand for prompt, portable, and precise analytical tools for monitoring the safety of food and protecting the environment ever more pressing. The current review provides an analysis of the latest advances in point-of-care testing (POCT) technologies, which satisfy the inadequacies of older methods, including chromatographic technologies (GC, LC, HPLC) characterized by significant labor intensiveness and prolonged time of use. The sensory methods analyzed in this paper, among others, are immunoassays, molecularly imprinted polymers, electrochemical biosensing systems, and optical sensors in terms of various helpful characteristics of the technologies such as their sensitivity, selectivity, portability, etc. Important innovations (e.g. the application of nanoparticles used for amplification of signals) have contributed to significant performance improvements (sub-ppb detection limit). The current review describes the latest trends in development (e.g. machine-learning-supported signal processing, paper-based microfluidic platforms, CRISPR technologies, integration) and discusses issues related to the implementation of the technology in practice (validation, standardization, regulatory acceptance, commercialization).</p>","PeriodicalId":10744,"journal":{"name":"Critical reviews in analytical chemistry","volume":" ","pages":"1-23"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148548082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent Advances in Pretreatment and Detection Technologies for Earthy Odorants in Water Systems.","authors":"Wen-Hao Shao, Yuan Zhang, Ping-Yuan Zhang, Yun-Yang Zhang, Han-Shu Zhao, Xue-Song Feng","doi":"10.1080/10408347.2026.2704102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10408347.2026.2704102","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Earthy odorants (such as geosmin, 2-methylisoborneol, pyrazines, etc.) are primary contributors to musty-earthy off-flavors in drinking water and aquatic products. These compounds exhibit odor thresholds as low as sub-ng/L and occur at trace concentrations in complex environmental matrices including surface water, sediments, algae-rich waters, and biological tissues, presenting substantial challenges for accurate quantification and regulatory compliance. This review systematically evaluates advances in sample pretreatment and analytical techniques for earthy odorants over the past decade. Recent developments in pretreatment emphasize miniaturization and automation of microextraction techniques-such as solid-phase microextraction and liquid-phase microextraction-alongside integration of novel functional materials including metal-organic framework-derived porous carbons and dummy-template molecularly imprinted polymers to enhance extraction selectivity. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry remains the established technique for quantification, while comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography and ion mobility spectrometry offer enhanced separation and identification capabilities. Emerging sensor platforms (e.g., biosensors, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy) provide promising alternatives for rapid on-site screening. Current challenges-including matrix interference, absence of standardized protocols, and limited consideration of enantiomeric differentiation-are examined, and future directions toward integrated, automated, and field-deployable analytical systems are discussed. This review aims to support development of robust, green analytical workflows for routine earthy odorants monitoring, ultimately contributing to improved water quality management.</p>","PeriodicalId":10744,"journal":{"name":"Critical reviews in analytical chemistry","volume":" ","pages":"1-44"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148548030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent Advances in Structural and Functional Characterization of Biological Macromolecules.","authors":"Rabab Fatima, Bhupender Nehra, Biplab Debnath, Mainak Chatterjee, Rajarshi Nath, Sumel Ashique, Md Sadique Hussain, Sabina Yasmin, Md Sayeed Akhtar, Md Yousuf Ansari","doi":"10.1080/10408347.2026.2701969","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10408347.2026.2701969","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Biological macromolecules form the cornerstone of cellular architecture and function through diverse structural arrangements and dynamic interactions. Recent methodological breakthroughs have revolutionized our understanding of these complex biomolecular systems by providing unprecedented resolution of their three-dimensional organization and conformational landscapes. This review examines significant advances in both structural elucidation and functional characterization approaches that bridge the critical gap between static snapshots and dynamic behaviors exhibited within cellular environments. Non-cell-based analytical platforms have similarly evolved, offering enhanced sensitivity, multiplexing capabilities, and reduced sample requirements for interrogating molecular interactions under near-physiological conditions. The integration of experimental approaches with computational modeling has enabled the construction of comprehensive structure-function relationships that more accurately represent macromolecular behavior in native contexts. This review aims to provide a contemporary assessment of biological macromolecule research, highlighting how technological advancements continue to fill the existing bridge and integrate the prior understanding of complex biomolecular systems while addressing persistent technical challenges in their characterization, with finesse.</p>","PeriodicalId":10744,"journal":{"name":"Critical reviews in analytical chemistry","volume":" ","pages":"1-30"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148535481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent Advances of Analytical Approaches and Matrix Selection for Multi-Residue Pesticide Detection in Tea: A Review.","authors":"Tausif Ahmad, Samee-Ullah, Faryal Shaukat, Jingcheng Huang, Yemin Guo, Xia Sun, Fangling Du","doi":"10.1080/10408347.2026.2689083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10408347.2026.2689083","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tea is a widely consumed beverage known for its variety of flavors and aromas, with major health benefits. However, the use of pesticides to protect against pests renders tea a potential health hazard, especially when consumed in large amounts. The tea leaf matrix is perplexing, as it is filled with organic acids, polyphenols, natural pigments, catechins, flavonols, and a mix of metallic and nonmetallic elements. This makes it difficult for analytical processes to work. The leaf complex matrix is one of the factors enabling accurate detection of pesticides. Therefore, we critically assessed the progression and implementation of advanced methodologies, encompassing the advancement of highly sensitive biosensors and the enhancement of chromatographic techniques, including liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). This review also examines how different types of tea affect analytical results and compares sample-preparation methods, from traditional liquid-liquid extraction to newer solid-phase extraction methods. This review highlights major advancements in analytical methods for pesticide detection in tea, emphasizing modern, effective techniques and future perspectives. This study highlights the critical role of sample preparation methods in achieving accurate results within a challenging tea matrix to safeguard consumer health.</p>","PeriodicalId":10744,"journal":{"name":"Critical reviews in analytical chemistry","volume":" ","pages":"1-18"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148497019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}