{"title":"Non-antibiotic compounds associated with humans and the environment can promote horizontal transfer of antimicrobial resistance genes.","authors":"Ilyas Alav, Michelle M C Buckner","doi":"10.1080/1040841X.2023.2233603","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1040841X.2023.2233603","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Horizontal gene transfer plays a key role in the global dissemination of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). AMR genes are often carried on self-transmissible plasmids, which are shared amongst bacteria primarily by conjugation. Antibiotic use has been a well-established driver of the emergence and spread of AMR. However, the impact of commonly used non-antibiotic compounds and environmental pollutants on AMR spread has been largely overlooked. Recent studies found common prescription and over-the-counter drugs, artificial sweeteners, food preservatives, and environmental pollutants, can increase the conjugative transfer of AMR plasmids. The potential mechanisms by which these compounds promote plasmid transmission include increased membrane permeability, upregulation of plasmid transfer genes, formation of reactive oxygen species, and SOS response gene induction. Many questions remain around the impact of most non-antibiotic compounds on AMR plasmid conjugation in clinical isolates and the long-term impact on AMR dissemination. By elucidating the role of routinely used pharmaceuticals, food additives, and pollutants in the dissemination of AMR, action can be taken to mitigate their impact by closely monitoring use and disposal. This review will discuss recent progress on understanding the influence of non-antibiotic compounds on plasmid transmission, the mechanisms by which they promote transfer, and the level of risk they pose.</p>","PeriodicalId":10736,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"993-1010"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11523920/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9825229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mariola Wolska-Gębarzewska, Jacek Międzobrodzki, Maja Kosecka-Strojek
{"title":"Current types of staphylococcal cassette chromosome <i>mec</i> (SCC<i>mec</i>) in clinically relevant coagulase-negative staphylococcal (CoNS) species.","authors":"Mariola Wolska-Gębarzewska, Jacek Międzobrodzki, Maja Kosecka-Strojek","doi":"10.1080/1040841X.2023.2274841","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1040841X.2023.2274841","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) colonize human skin and mucosal membranes, which is why they are considered harmless commensal bacteria. Two species, <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis</i> and <i>Staphylococcus haemolyticus</i> belong to the group of CoNS species and are most frequently isolated from nosocomial infections, including device-associated healthcare-associated infections (DA-HAIs) and local or systemic body-related infections (FBRIs). Methicillin resistance, initially described in <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, has also been reported in CoNS species. It is mediated by the <i>mecA</i> gene within the staphylococcal cassette chromosome (SCC<i>mec</i>). SCC<i>mec</i> typing, primarily using PCR-based methods, has been employed as a molecular epidemiological tool. However, the introduction of whole genome sequencing (WGS) and next-generation sequencing (NGS) has enabled the identification and verification of new SCC<i>mec</i> types. This review describes the current distribution of SCC<i>mec</i> types, subtypes, and variants among CoNS species, including <i>S. epidermidis</i>, <i>S. haemolyticus</i>, and <i>S. capitis</i>. The literature review focuses on recent research articles from the past decade that discuss new combinations of SCC<i>mec</i> in coagulase-negative <i>Staphylococcus</i>. The high genetic diversity and gaps in CoNS SCC<i>mec</i> annotation rules underscore the need for an efficient typing system. Typing SCC<i>mec</i> cassettes in CoNS strains is crucial to continuously updating databases and developing a unified classification system.</p>","PeriodicalId":10736,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"1020-1036"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50161020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zirou Ouyang, Hanlin Zhao, Min Zhao, Yaxuan Yang, Jianhong Zhao
{"title":"Type IV pili are involved in phenotypes associated with <i>Clostridioides difficile</i> pathogenesis.","authors":"Zirou Ouyang, Hanlin Zhao, Min Zhao, Yaxuan Yang, Jianhong Zhao","doi":"10.1080/1040841X.2023.2235002","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1040841X.2023.2235002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Clostridioides difficile</i> is a Gram-positive, spore-forming, rod-shaped, obligate anaerobe that is the leading cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhea. Type IV pili (T4P) are elongated appendages on the surface of <i>C. difficile</i> that are polymerized from many pilin proteins. T4P play an important role in <i>C. difficile</i> adherence and particularly in its persistence in the host intestine. Recent studies have shown that T4P promote <i>C. difficile</i> aggregation, surface motility, and biofilm formation, which may enhance its pathogenicity. Additionally, the second messenger cyclic diguanylate increases <i>pilA1</i> transcript abundance, indirectly promoting T4P-mediated aggregation, surface motility, and biofilm formation of <i>C. difficile</i>. This review summarizes recent advances in <i>C. difficile</i> T4P research and the physiological activities of T4P in the context of <i>C. difficile</i> pathogenesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":10736,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"1011-1019"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9834356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alexandra M Mowday, Jella M van de Laak, Zhe Fu, Kimiora L Henare, Ludwig Dubois, Philippe Lambin, Jan Theys, Adam V Patterson
{"title":"Tumor-targeting bacteria as immune stimulants - the future of cancer immunotherapy?","authors":"Alexandra M Mowday, Jella M van de Laak, Zhe Fu, Kimiora L Henare, Ludwig Dubois, Philippe Lambin, Jan Theys, Adam V Patterson","doi":"10.1080/1040841X.2024.2311653","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1040841X.2024.2311653","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cancer immunotherapies have been widely hailed as a breakthrough for cancer treatment in the last decade, epitomized by the unprecedented results observed with checkpoint blockade. Even so, only a minority of patients currently achieve durable remissions. In general, responsive patients appear to have either a high number of tumor neoantigens, a preexisting immune cell infiltrate in the tumor microenvironment, or an 'immune-active' transcriptional profile, determined in part by the presence of a type I interferon gene signature. These observations suggest that the therapeutic efficacy of immunotherapy can be enhanced through strategies that release tumor neoantigens and/or produce a pro-inflammatory tumor microenvironment. In principle, exogenous tumor-targeting bacteria offer a unique solution for improving responsiveness to immunotherapy. This review discusses how tumor-selective bacterial infection can modulate the immunological microenvironment of the tumor and the potential for combination with cancer immunotherapy strategies to further increase therapeutic efficacy. In addition, we provide a perspective on the clinical translation of replicating bacterial therapies, with a focus on the challenges that must be resolved to ensure a successful outcome.</p>","PeriodicalId":10736,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"955-970"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11523919/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139721977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tegan M Hibbert, Marvin Whiteley, Stephen A Renshaw, Daniel R Neill, Joanne L Fothergill
{"title":"Emerging strategies to target virulence in <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> respiratory infections.","authors":"Tegan M Hibbert, Marvin Whiteley, Stephen A Renshaw, Daniel R Neill, Joanne L Fothergill","doi":"10.1080/1040841X.2023.2285995","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1040841X.2023.2285995","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> is an opportunistic pathogen that is responsible for infections in people living with chronic respiratory conditions, such as cystic fibrosis (CF) and non-CF bronchiectasis (NCFB). Traditionally, in people with chronic respiratory disorders, <i>P. aeruginosa</i> infection has been managed with a combination of inhaled and intravenous antibiotic therapies. However, due in part to the prolonged use of antibiotics in these people, the emergence of multi-drug resistant <i>P. aeruginosa</i> strains is a growing concern. The development of anti-virulence therapeutics may provide a new means of treating <i>P. aeruginosa</i> lung infections whilst also combatting the AMR crisis, as these agents are presumed to exert reduced pressure for the emergence of drug resistance as compared to antibiotics. However, the pipeline for developing anti-virulence therapeutics is poorly defined, and it is currently unclear as to whether <i>in vivo</i> and <i>in vitro</i> models effectively replicate the complex pulmonary environment sufficiently to enable development and testing of such therapies for future clinical use. Here, we discuss potential targets for <i>P. aeruginosa</i> anti-virulence therapeutics and the effectiveness of the current models used to study them. Focus is given to the difficulty of replicating the virulence gene expression patterns of <i>P. aeruginosa</i> in the CF and NCFB lung under laboratory conditions and to the challenges this poses for anti-virulence therapeutic development.</p>","PeriodicalId":10736,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"1037-1052"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138298543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mahnoor Zulfiqar, Vinay Singh, Christoph Steinbeck, Maria Sorokina
{"title":"Review on computer-assisted biosynthetic capacities elucidation to assess metabolic interactions and communication within microbial communities.","authors":"Mahnoor Zulfiqar, Vinay Singh, Christoph Steinbeck, Maria Sorokina","doi":"10.1080/1040841X.2024.2306465","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1040841X.2024.2306465","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microbial communities thrive through interactions and communication, which are challenging to study as most microorganisms are not cultivable. To address this challenge, researchers focus on the extracellular space where communication events occur. Exometabolomics and interactome analysis provide insights into the molecules involved in communication and the dynamics of their interactions. Advances in sequencing technologies and computational methods enable the reconstruction of taxonomic and functional profiles of microbial communities using high-throughput multi-omics data. Network-based approaches, including community flux balance analysis, aim to model molecular interactions within and between communities. Despite these advances, challenges remain in computer-assisted biosynthetic capacities elucidation, requiring continued innovation and collaboration among diverse scientists. This review provides insights into the current state and future directions of computer-assisted biosynthetic capacities elucidation in studying microbial communities.</p>","PeriodicalId":10736,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"1053-1092"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139545419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"<i>Mycobacteroides abscessus</i> ability to interact with the host mucosal cells plays an important role in pathogenesis of the infection.","authors":"Amy Leestemaker-Palmer, Luiz E Bermudez","doi":"10.1080/1040841X.2024.2418130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1040841X.2024.2418130","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are opportunistic pathogens ubiquitous in the environment. <i>Mycobacteroides abscessus</i> is a relatively new pathogen associated with underlying lung chronic pathologies, accounting for most of the pulmonary infections linked to the rapidly growing mycobacteria group. This includes chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, bronchiectasis, or cystic fibrosis. Patient outcomes from <i>M. abscessus</i> infections are poor due to complicated treatments and other factors. Intrinsic drug resistance plays an important role. The <i>M. abscessus</i> toolbox of resistance is varied leading to complex strategies for treatment. Mechanisms include waxy cell walls, drug export mechanisms, and acquired resistance. Many studies have also shown the impact of extracellular DNA found in the biofilm matrix during early infection and its possible advantage in pathogenicity. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge of early infection focusing on biofilm formation, an environmental strategy, and which treatments prevent its formation improving current antibiotic treatment outcomes in preliminary studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":10736,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142496512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Anti-fungal peptides: an emerging category with enthralling therapeutic prospects in the treatment of candidiasis.","authors":"Jyoti Sankar Prusty, Ashwini Kumar, Awanish Kumar","doi":"10.1080/1040841X.2024.2418125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1040841X.2024.2418125","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Candida</i> infections, particularly invasive candidiasis, pose a serious global health threat. <i>Candida albicans</i> is the most prevalent species causing candidiasis, and resistance to key antifungal drugs, such as azoles, echinocandins, polyenes, and fluoropyrimidines, has emerged. This growing multidrug resistance (MDR) complicates treatment options, highlighting the need for novel therapeutic approaches. Antifungal peptides (AFPs) are gaining recognition for their potential as new antifungal agents due to their diverse structures and functions. These natural or recombinant peptides can effectively target fungal virulence and viability, making them promising candidates for future antifungal development. This review examines infections caused by <i>Candida</i> species, the limitations of current antifungal treatments, and the therapeutic potential of AFPs. It emphasizes the importance of identifying novel AFP targets and their production for advancing treatment strategies. By discussing the therapeutic development of AFPs, the review aims to draw researchers' attention to this promising field. The integration of knowledge about AFPs could pave the way for novel antifungal agents with broad-spectrum activity, reduced toxicity, targeted action, and mechanisms that limit resistance in pathogenic fungi, offering significant advancements in antifungal therapeutics.</p>","PeriodicalId":10736,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-37"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142496522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Exploring the antibiotic resistance of <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> in food environments - a review.","authors":"Cristina Díaz-Martínez, Araceli Bolívar, Birce Mercanoglu Taban, Nazlı Kanca, Fernando Pérez-Rodríguez","doi":"10.1080/1040841X.2024.2412007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1040841X.2024.2412007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Listeria monocytogenes</i>, a resilient bacterium in diverse food conditions, such as refrigeration, reduced water activity and low pH, poses a significant threat to the food industry and public health. In recent years, it has been documented an increase in the antibiotic resistance of zoonotic pathogens, including <i>L. monocytogenes</i>. This review provides new insight into the molecular mechanisms involved in both intrinsic and acquired antibiotic resistance of <i>L. monocytogenes</i> with an emphasis on the effect of different environmental and food-related factors. It also explores the relationship of these resistance mechanisms with virulence factors. An analysis of literature data (2009-2021) was conducted to investigate statistically and graphically potential associations between specific antibiotic resistance patterns in the pathogen and food categories using an unbiased variance analysis. The results evidenced that food type had an influence on the antibiotic resistance profiles of <i>L. monocytogenes</i>, with meat and vegetables being the food categories exhibiting the most prevalent profiles. The frequent detection of resistance to ampicillin, penicillin, and tetracycline (non-intrinsic resistances) indicates that specific processing conditions along the food chain may induce them. Many questions remain about the impact of food chain factors (e.g. thermal treatments, cold chain, preservatives, etc.) and food type (low pH, reduced water activity, etc.) on the antibiotic resistance patterns of the pathogen, particularly concerning food-related sources, the resistance mechanisms involved (e.g. cross-protection, horizontal gene transfer, etc.), and the evolutionary processes of antibiotic-resistant microbial populations. Metagenomics, in addition to other -omics technologies (metabolomics and transcriptomics), allows a better understanding of the processes involved in the acquisition of resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":10736,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-24"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142459840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carmen Mesas Vaz, Alba Guembe Mülberger, Marc Torrent Burgas
{"title":"The battle within: how <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> uses host-pathogen interactions to infect the human lung.","authors":"Carmen Mesas Vaz, Alba Guembe Mülberger, Marc Torrent Burgas","doi":"10.1080/1040841X.2024.2407378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1040841X.2024.2407378","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> is a versatile Gram-negative pathogen known for its ability to invade the respiratory tract, particularly in cystic fibrosis patients. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the multifaceted strategies for colonization, virulence, and immune evasion used by <i>P. aeruginosa</i> to infect the host. We explore the extensive protein arsenal of <i>P. aeruginosa</i>, including adhesins, exotoxins, secreted proteases, and type III and VI secretion effectors, detailing their roles in the infective process. We also address the unique challenge of treating diverse lung conditions that provide a natural niche for <i>P. aeruginosa</i> on the airway surface, with a particular focus in cystic fibrosis. The review also discusses the current limitations in treatment options due to antibiotic resistance and highlights promising future approaches that target host-pathogen protein-protein interactions. These approaches include the development of new antimicrobials, anti-attachment therapies, and quorum-sensing inhibition molecules. In summary, this review aims to provide a holistic understanding of the pathogenesis of <i>P. aeruginosa</i> in the respiratory system, offering insights into the underlying molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":10736,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-36"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142388725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}