Organizations & Markets: Policies & Processes eJournal最新文献

{"title":"The Effect of HR Policies on CSR: The Complementary Role of HRM Effectiveness.","authors":"Iqra Riaz, D. Siddiqui","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3683337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3683337","url":null,"abstract":"HRM plays a significant role in how CSR is understood, developed, and enacted. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between human resource management (HRM) policies, Corporate Social Responsibilities (CSR), and the complementary role of HRM Effectiveness in the Financial industry of Pakistan. For this, we proposed a theoretical framework, hypothesizing a positive effect on HR policies on CSR in the presence of effective HRM implementation as HRM practices do not necessarily lead to effective HRM implementation. HRM policies included Recruitment & Selection, Performance Appraisal, and Compensation & Reward. Empirical validity was established by conducting a survey using a close-ended questionnaire. Data was collected from 400 employees working in the financial sector of Pakistan and analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis and structured equation modeling. The result shows that there is a significant effect of Recruitment & Selection and Performance Appraisal & Management on CSR, but showing the insignificant effect of Reward & Pay Systems on CSR. Finding has also suggested that there is the insignificant moderate effect of HR policies (Recruitment & Selection, Performance Appraisal & Management and Reward & Pay Systems) on CSR, but result indicates that there is a positive effect of HRM Effectiveness on CSR. We found a limited knowledge among organizations and employees regarding HRM Effectiveness in Pakistan, which can be easily overcome by the learning process.","PeriodicalId":105736,"journal":{"name":"Organizations & Markets: Policies & Processes eJournal","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126666077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Corporate Social Responsibility on Consumer Response in Pakistan: A Mediating Role of Positive Moral Emotions, Attitude, and Identification with the Company","authors":"M. Ullah, D. Siddiqui","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3683138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3683138","url":null,"abstract":"Many companies and brands are using CSR to enhance the brand image, goodwill, and gain the confidence and trust of the people. This study’s aim is to investigate how CSR initiatives got converted into consumer favorable responses. We proposed a theoretical framework, modifying Dedeke's (2015) model that hypothesized that CSR activities and actions affect responses of the consumers towards corporate brands both directly or indirectly through mediating roles of moral emotions, attitude, and identifying themselves with the company (CCI). Positive emotions were further broken down into awe, gratitude, and elevation, whereas consumer responses were measured in terms of purchase intention (PI), recommend intention and loyalty. To establish the empirical validity, a quantitative study was conducted, a close-ended Likert scale type questionnaire was developed whilst data were gathered from 300 adult consumers from Karachi by using convenient sampling. Data were analyzed using Confirmatory Factor analysis and Structured Equation Modeling. The results concluded that CSR has a significant positive impact directly on consumer responses (Purchase Intention, Recommend Intention but not on loyalty) whereas CSR has a significant positive effect on all three positive emotions, attitudes, and CCI. However, Positive Emotions have an insignificant effect on consumer responses. Apart from gratitude affecting loyalty. Hence there is a positive mediatory effect of CCI for all dimensions of customer responses. Whereas gratitude and attitude also mediate loyalty and PI respectively.","PeriodicalId":105736,"journal":{"name":"Organizations & Markets: Policies & Processes eJournal","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132305685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Antecedence of Career Success: The Role of Human Capital, Motivation, Organizational Climate, and Perceived Success Perceptions, Complemented by Adaptability","authors":"Syed Sameed Ali Zaidi, D. Siddiqui","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3683226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3683226","url":null,"abstract":"The main goal of this study is to explore the factors that lead some executives to be more successful in their careers than others. For this, we developed a theoretical framework modifying Judge et. al. (1995) model, while adding perceived success perceptions (POCM), and career adaptability as moderator based on Guan et. al. (2015) framework. We theorized that factors such as Motivation (M), Human Capital (HC), Perceived Organizational Career Management (POCM), and Enabling Organizational Environment (O/IC) all have a positive effect on both Objectives (OCS) and Subjective Career Success (SCS). Moreover, higher Career Adaptability (CA) complements the relationship of these factors with OCS. To establish its empirical validity, we conducted a survey based on a close-ended questionnaire, gathered from 200 employees based in Karachi. Data were later analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis and structured equation modeling. The results suggested that all four factors M, HC, O/IC, and POCM have a positive and significant effect on Objective career success. Whereas Organizational Environment and POCM also have a positive effect on Subjective Career Success. Interestingly, Career Adaptability seems to affect OCS inversely, moreover, it has a negative complementarity with Organizational Environment influencing OCS. The finding implies as the underlined factors are mostly objective, it have a more profound effect on OCS, for SCS we have to rely on more implicit factors like O/IC and POCM.","PeriodicalId":105736,"journal":{"name":"Organizations & Markets: Policies & Processes eJournal","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122693278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toward a Multidimensional Conceptualization of Decentralization in Blockchain Governance: Commentary on ‘Two Sides of the Same Coin? Decentralized Versus Proprietary Blockchains and the Performance of Digital Currencies’ by Cennamo, Marchesi, and Meyer","authors":"Hanna Halaburda, Christoph Mueller-Bloch","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3746182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3746182","url":null,"abstract":"In this commentary, we argue that studies similar to Cennamo, Marchesi, and Meyer (2020) should distinguish four dimensions of control in blockchain governance, all of which could be more or less decentralized. For some of these dimensions, decentralization is likely beneficial, while for others centralization may be preferable. Cennamo et al. (2020) provide evidence that the initial design stages of blockchain systems benefit from centralization. Future research is needed to provide empirical insights for other dimensions of control in blockchain governance.","PeriodicalId":105736,"journal":{"name":"Organizations & Markets: Policies & Processes eJournal","volume":"36 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124256122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How Social Presence, and Word of Mouth, Affects Online Purchase Intentions in Pakistan: The Mediatory Role of Sellers’ Personal, and Social Commerce Constructs.","authors":"Mohammad Areesh, D. Siddiqui","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3681334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3681334","url":null,"abstract":"Lacking the presence of human and social elements is claimed one major weakness that is hindering the growth of e-commerce. Social commerce reintroduces the social aspect of shopping to e-commerce, increasing the degree of social presence in online environment. Drawing upon the social presence theory, the purpose of this paper is to understand the overall level of social presence that tends to impact the behavior of customers with regards to online purchase intentions and trusting the sellers. Lu et. al. (2016) theorizes the nature of social aspect in online SC marketplace by proposing a set of three social presence variables that produced positive impacts on trusting beliefs which in turn result in online purchase behaviors. We proposed a theoretical framework modifying Lu model to incorporate Wang & Yu (2015) conceptualization of word of mouth, as well as social commerce constructs as proposed by Hajli (2015). Hence, we hypothesized that social presence along with word of mouth positively affects Perceptions of sellers Integrity, Benevolence, and Competence. They also positively affect social commerce constructs such as Ratings & Reviews (RT), Recommendations & Referrals (RE), and Forums & Communities (FC). These personal and social commerce factors affect purchase intentions. Social Presence was measured by Social Presence of Web (SPW), Perception of Others (SPO), and Social Presence of Interaction with Sellers (SPI), whereas word of mouth (WOM) was classified as Positive valence WOM, Negative valence WOM, the content of WOM (WOMC). Empirical validity was established by conducting a survey using a close-ended questionnaire. Data were collected from 200 respondents from Karachi, with certain key target areas in mind. Data were analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis and structured equation modeling. The results suggested that WOMC has a positive and significant effect on all 6 personal, and social commerce constructs. Positive WOM seems to effect Recommendations, and Forums & Communities, whereas negative WOM affected Ratings. Positive WOM also affect sellers’ perception of Benevolence and Competence. Social Presence of Web (SPW) have a positive and significant effect on Competence, as well as Forums, and Ratings, whereas the Perception of Others (SPO) affects Benevolence. Interestingly, the Presence of Interaction with Sellers (SPI), seems to affect Competence negatively. Lastly, Ratings & Reviews seems to be the only factor having a significant effect on Purchase Intentions. Hence, Factors like Negative valence WOM, WOMC, and SPW affect purchase intentions through ratings & Reviews.","PeriodicalId":105736,"journal":{"name":"Organizations & Markets: Policies & Processes eJournal","volume":"96 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127153015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancements on Helix Theory and the Stra.Tech.Man Approach: Towards a New Synthesis","authors":"Charis Vlados, Dimos Chatzinikolaou","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3686697","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3686697","url":null,"abstract":"This article aims to investigate whether the helix theory and the Stra.Tech.Man approach (strategy-technology-management synthesis) have prospects of analytical cross-fertilisation. After presenting the evolution of helix theory of innovation in three different stages and identifying some of its essential points and received criticisms, it analyses the constituents and theoretical implications of the Stra.Tech.Man approach. It finds that some points of the Stra.Tech.Man analysis, such as the 'physiology' of the firm, the 'competitiveness web' approach that places the dynamics of business innovation centrally, and the proposal of a micro-meso level policy of 'local development and innovation institutions' that diagnoses Stra.Tech.Man physiology, constitute enrichment and cross-fertilisation elements of the two theories. Overall, both theories attempt to provide a comprehensive theory of integrated socio-economic development, and their synthesis seems to offer new theoretical implications.","PeriodicalId":105736,"journal":{"name":"Organizations & Markets: Policies & Processes eJournal","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123867846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Managing with Style? Micro-Evidence on the Allocation of Managerial Attention","authors":"Desmond Lo, Francisco Brahm, Wouter Dessein, Chieko Minami","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3716407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3716407","url":null,"abstract":"How does task expertise affect the allocation of attention? Our theory argues that when attention is scarce, expertise and attention are complements: A manager optimally focuses her attention on tasks in which she has relatively more expertise; she “manages with style.” In contrast, when attention is abundant, attention and expertise become substitutes: A manager shifts her attention toward tasks in which she has less expertise; she “manages against her style.” Using microlevel data on managers from two unrelated companies and employing various measures of time stress and managerial attention, we find converging and supporting evidence. A manager’s attention capacity determines whether she manages with style or against it. Whereas current behavioral approaches view managing with style as prevalent and biased, our theory and findings suggest, instead, that it is contingent and optimal. This paper was accepted by Joshua Gans, business strategy.","PeriodicalId":105736,"journal":{"name":"Organizations & Markets: Policies & Processes eJournal","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130745133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How a Trading Market for Mobile Roaming in Europe Can Save 5G","authors":"T. Shortall","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3674840","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3674840","url":null,"abstract":"When “Roam Like At Home” (RLAH) rules were introduced in 2017, many observers thought that this was the end of the roaming problem in Europe. While retail roaming surcharges were abolished across the EEA, the underlying problem of high prices at the wholesale level continued and the existing archaic system of determining those wholesale prices continued. This paper argues that wholesale prices are unrelated to costs because of a structural problem in the way traffic is traded -in particular the custom of bartering traffic or ‘balancing’ has distorted the market and means that for most wholesale roaming traffic, the wholesale price is unimportant. A central recommendation of this paper is that policy makers’ focus must be on breaking the link between in-country roaming services and returning traffic volumes – this will introduce a competitive dynamic in the market and allow normal pricing mechanisms. This can be achieved by moving the market to an electronic trading market to determine prices and volumes. Recent data clearly shows that certain operators are greatly disadvantaged by high pricing in the wholesale roaming markets and that demand suppression practices such as the avoidance of 4G agreements are not currently tracked. The implications for the development of 5G are that roaming risks undermining service development and adoption. The wholesale stresses are also leaking through to the retail level and consumers are not getting what was promised by RLAH in terms of the ability to roam throughout Europe on the same terms as they do in their home markets. This paper argues that the establishment of a wireless trading platform which permits one-way bids only (and thereby eliminates the fundamental problem of traffic balancing) as well as anonymising participation and being transparent on pricing would enable prices to move towards marginal cost. Mandating participation on such a trading platform might be necessary and two possibilities appear possible (via the Roaming Regulation or via an antitrust action). Moving pricing towards marginal cost would enable RLAH to be sustainable for all operators even where data volumes are very high, such as in a 5G environment. In turn, this will facilitate an accelerated 5G service development and accelerated adoption in Europe.","PeriodicalId":105736,"journal":{"name":"Organizations & Markets: Policies & Processes eJournal","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126627940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interorganizational Network Portfolios of Nonprofit Organizations: Implications for Collaboration Management","authors":"J. Fu, Katherine R. Cooper","doi":"10.1002/nml.21438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/nml.21438","url":null,"abstract":"Increasingly, nonprofit organizations engage in inter-organizational collaboration to address large-scale social problems. Scholarship typically focuses on the characteristics of both within-sector and cross-sector partnerships of two collaborating organizations or all partnering organizations involved in a collaboration, but we know little about the patterns of inter-organizational relationships that single nonprofit organizations maintain. This research draws upon surveys from 452 nonprofits and introduces nonprofit network portfolios, which we define as the number, integration, intensity, and duration of relationships that nonprofits purposefully develop with other organizations. Using 12 network measures, Ward cluster analysis revealed three distinct network portfolios: restricted within-sector (n = 319, 70.58%), which included limited collaboration and prioritized within-sector partnerships; robust within-sector (n = 80, 17.70%), which included more nonprofit partnerships than restricted within-sector portfolios; and cross-sector (n = 53, 11.72%), which had a rich assemblage of integrative partnerships with nonprofits, businesses, and government agencies. Further, nonprofits that maintained each type of portfolio differed in their revenue and social mission, suggesting these factors are related to the types of collaboration that nonprofits maintain. This study makes contributions to existing research on inter-organizational networks and cross-sector collaboration and suggests practical and policy implications for nonprofit network management.","PeriodicalId":105736,"journal":{"name":"Organizations & Markets: Policies & Processes eJournal","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125713433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Firm Performance Pay as Insurance against Promotion Risk","authors":"A. Chen","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3664250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3664250","url":null,"abstract":"The prevalence of pay based on risky firm outcomes for non-executive workers presents a puzzling departure from conventional contract theory, which predicts insurance provision by the firm. I revisit this puzzle in a framework with workers who prefer early resolution of uncertainty. When workers at the same firm compete against each other for promotions, the optimal contract features pay based on firm outcomes as insurance against unfavorable promotion prospects. The model’s predictions are consistent with observed phenomena such as option-like payoffs, performance-based vesting, and over-valuation of equity pay by non-executive workers. It also generates novel predictions linking organizational structure to firm performance pay.","PeriodicalId":105736,"journal":{"name":"Organizations & Markets: Policies & Processes eJournal","volume":"97 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123340231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}