Organizations & Markets: Policies & Processes eJournal最新文献

{"title":"The Perks of Being in the Smaller Team: Incentives in Overlapping Contests","authors":"C. March, Marco Sahm","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3507265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3507265","url":null,"abstract":"We investigate overlapping contests in multi-divisional organizations in which an individual’s effort simultaneously determines the outcome of several contests on different hierarchical levels. We show that individuals in smaller units are advantaged in the grand (organization-wide) contest for two reasons: First, the incentive to free-ride is smaller in inter-divisional contests. Second, competition in the intra-divisional contest is less fierce. Both effects induce a higher marginal utility of effort provision. We test the model in a laboratory experiment and confirm its main predictions. Our results have important consequences for the provision of incentives in organizations and the design of sports competitions.","PeriodicalId":105736,"journal":{"name":"Organizations & Markets: Policies & Processes eJournal","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126633265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leadership Rotations and the Convergence of Subnational Economic Policies in China: Evidence from Provincial Government Work Reports","authors":"Jiaxuan Lu","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3856747","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3856747","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the impact of China's subnational leadership rotations over the past two decades, with a focus on quantifying how such institutional arrangement has affected the country's political and economic integration. Taking advantage of the annual government work reports at the province level, which review the socioeconomic development in the last year and set economic targets for the coming year, I find that a shuffled provincial leader would choose similar economic policies across different provinces under his/her rule, and this has been driven mainly by convergence in which topics these reports cover, rather than by convergence in how the provincial leaders discuss a given policy issue. Nevertheless, such economic policy similarity would immediately disappear after the shuffled leader leaves office, thus implying that the convergence effect of provincial leadership rotations might not be permanent. One plausible explanation for these findings is that a leadership exchange indicates that a provincial leader is selected for further promotion in the future because of the success of the economic policies that person implemented in the origin province, so that shuffled leader would tend to choose similar economic policies in the destination province to maximize the chance of even higher promotions. I provide some suggestive empirical evidence in support of this explanation.","PeriodicalId":105736,"journal":{"name":"Organizations & Markets: Policies & Processes eJournal","volume":"47 12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122814914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Employee Mapping Process as a Solution for Empowering Human Resources in Companies","authors":"Z. Rony, M. Yasin, Tatar Bonar Silitonga, Faroman Syarief, Raden Achmad Harianto","doi":"10.35609/gjbssr.2021.9.3(3)","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35609/gjbssr.2021.9.3(3)","url":null,"abstract":"Objective - The development of the Indonesian residential business sector in recent years has experienced rapid changes and developments. For example, landed-house housing has now decreased in favour of high-rise developments. This has had an impact on the needs for various competencies of employees of construction company X, therefore, the company needs to empower employees, beginning with mapping employees of construction X. Mapping of employees has not been widely carried out by the company. Various elements are needed to describe employee strengths and the results can be used to develop a competency development program to achieve long-term targets. The purpose of this research is to describe an employee mapping process that has been carried out by the consultant group.\u0000\u0000Methodology/Technique - The research method used is qualitative narrative research. Consultants who directly handle and provide assistance to employee mapping are the participants in this study. Researchers collaborate with participants and involve them actively in the data collection.\u0000\u0000Finding - The results of this study illustrate that the number of employees who are ready to serve as project managers is still limited. Human resource managers need to implement efficient strategies to recruit and hire candidates and carry out a number of development programs to accelerate competency improvement and develop a talented management system.\u0000\u0000Novelty - This research contributes to the knowledge of empowerment strategies for the company and to human resource management knowledge for construction company X and other similar companies.\u0000\u0000Type of Paper - Empirical\u0000\u0000Keywords: Coaching; Competency; Empowering; Talent Mapping; Talent Management\u0000\u0000JEL Classification: J24, J29.","PeriodicalId":105736,"journal":{"name":"Organizations & Markets: Policies & Processes eJournal","volume":"186 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116175509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hide and Protect: The Role of Global Financial Secrecy in Shaping Domestic Institutions","authors":"G. Sharafutdinova, Michael Lokshin","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3916216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3916216","url":null,"abstract":"Most of the literature on the drivers and effects of financial secrecy on emerging economies focuses on tax avoidance, neglecting the problems of institutional arbitrage that go beyond taxation issues. This paper discusses the limits of the institutionalist paradigm that treats businesses solely as rule-takers and calls for more attention to business agency and responsibility. Discussions about corporate social responsibility in emerging economies should incorporate thinking about the potential role businesses, especially large corporations, could play in promoting more effective institutions at home. Further research is needed to understand the political and institutional effects of global financial secrecy at the domestic level. We suggest some promising avenues for future research as well as new items to be included on the policymaking agenda in relation to financial secrecy.","PeriodicalId":105736,"journal":{"name":"Organizations & Markets: Policies & Processes eJournal","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133069467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Economic Substantiation of Outsourcing the Information Technologies and Logistic Services in the Intellectual and Innovative Activities of An Enterprise","authors":"P. Pererva, Volodymyr Kuchynskyi, T. Kobielieva, Andriy Kosenko, O. Maslak","doi":"10.15587/1729-4061.2021.239164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2021.239164","url":null,"abstract":"It has been proven that modern information and logistic technologies are the most important resource of the post-industrial society. It was proved that not every enterprise has a possibility to ensure its information and logistic activities using its own capabilities, so the possibilities of using outsourcing systems are becoming especially relevant. General features of outsourcing of information technologies and logistic services were determined. The most important of them include the mandatory existence of interaction between a supplier and a customer regarding the business processes of an enterprise. It was substantiated that several important types of outsourcing are used in the area of intellectual innovation activities of enterprises: complete and partial outsourcing, outsourcing of a joint type, outsourcing of the intermediate type, outsourcing of intellectual and innovative type.\u0000The method for synthesis of indicators of economic efficiency of outsourcing of information and logistic services of direct and indirect action for the economic evaluation of its effectiveness was proposed. This approach makes it possible to fully evaluate the benefits of outsourcing in comparison with the variant when they are implemented by an enterprise using its own capabilities. The basis of the proposed method is the ratio of indicators that reproduce the advantages obtained due to outsourcing. The implementation of this method makes it possible to ensure an important relationship between the process of development of information or logistic service and the required quality.\u0000Studies conducted at the enterprises of the Kharkiv industrial region showed that only three out of eight studied enterprises have economic grounds for using outsourcing. From the economic point of view, it is more expedient for other enterprises to carry out information (logistic) provision of their activities using their own resources.","PeriodicalId":105736,"journal":{"name":"Organizations & Markets: Policies & Processes eJournal","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127625070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Turkey’s Melancholy Economic Indicators Camouflaged by Militarization as a Foreign Policy","authors":"John Taskinsoy","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3907590","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3907590","url":null,"abstract":"After Atatürk’s death (November 10, 1938), the Turkish military saw itself as the unquestioned sole guardian of Atatürk’s principles - secularism and national unity. The Turkish military protected the country against authoritarian and anti-secular policies in the 1950s, extreme anarchy in the 1960s and 1970s, and rise of Islamist-based political parties with anti-secular ideologies in the 1990s. The Turkish Armed Forces (TSK) had gained certain prerogatives and privileges after each coup, but the 1982 Constitution drafted by the military ensuing the 1980 coup d'état created formal (institutional) and informal (non-institutional) mechanisms for the military to exert power in domestic, foreign, and defense policies. The developments in 2007 marked the starting point for a shift in balance of power in civil-military relations; in spite of the military’s high alert on the AKP’s anti-secular ways, the April 27 midnight e-memorandum (e-coup) failed to deter the AKP to select Foreign Minister Abdullah Gül as the ruling party's candidate for the presidency in 2007; but more importantly, the military failed to protect the country’s laicistic – secularist order. Then Prime Minister Erdoğan waged a legal war against senior military officers including four-star generals for allegedly plotting a coup against the AKP government in 2003 and 2004. The military lost this battle too, through Ergenekon and Balyoz (Sledgehammer) investigations and related trials, many high-ranking military personnel had been accused, arrested, and prosecuted for plotting to overthrow the AKP government; and for the first time in Turkish history, and to everyone’s disbelief, senior military officers were actually prosecuted in civilian courts by civilian prosecutors. According to President Erdoğan’s new foreign and defense policies, today Turkey is not backing away showing its military muscle even this may mean irritating many of its neighbors and NATO allies. The AKP government under President Erdoğan’s leadership has devoted itself through relentless efforts to reduce the TSK’s political power; in the process, the Erdoğan administration has taken full advantage of the EU’s Copenhagen Criteria (i.e. civilian control of the military is a condition for EU accession negotiations) to strip of the military’s both formal and informal mechanisms. Today, the military is bent to President Erdoğan’s will, who selects military personnel and gives orders to commanders of the armed forces; additionally, Erdoğan has made a number of structural changes to reshape the military as he has envisaged. As Turkey insists spending on military ($20.4 billion in 2019), a sustainable economic recovery remains a distant dream.","PeriodicalId":105736,"journal":{"name":"Organizations & Markets: Policies & Processes eJournal","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128161101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Optimal Assortativity of Teams Inside the Firm","authors":"Ashwin Kambhampati, C. Segura-Rodríguez","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3531123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3531123","url":null,"abstract":"How does a profit-maximizing manager form teams and compensate workers in the presence of both adverse selection and moral hazard? Under complete information, it is well known that any complementarity in characteristics implies that positive assortative matching is productively efficent. But, under asymmetric information, we uncover the problem of disassortative incentives: incentive costs may increase in assortativity. Profit maximization thus prescribes either random or negative assortative matching, both productively inefficient, when complementarities are weak and eort costs are high enough. When this is the case, the manager may instead prefer to delegate matching, allowing workers to sort themselves into teams. Our results shed light on recent empirical work documenting patterns of non-assortative matching inside of firms.","PeriodicalId":105736,"journal":{"name":"Organizations & Markets: Policies & Processes eJournal","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123439375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strengthening IPR Protection and Innovation","authors":"Jun Chen, Zhao Jin","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3895023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3895023","url":null,"abstract":"Though much of the theoretical economics literature have assumed a positive relationship between intellectual property rights (IPR) protection and innovation, there has been no empirical evidence that clearly supports such a relationship. In particular, this relationship may also depend on the measures of innovation. Exploiting the establishment of Chinese specialized IP courts across regions over time as a shock to the IPR protection, we empirically investigate how IPR protection impacts innovation. Measuring innovation by both input and output, we find that establishing an IP court reduces the number of patents filed by public firms located in the IP court's jurisdictional area by about 10%, while increasing those firms' R&D spending (scaled by firm assets) by 6%. These seemingly contradictory findings suggest that the relationship between strengthening IPR protection and firm innovation is a subtle one: it increases firms' incentives to innovate on one hand, while reducing their incentives to rely on the patent system to protect their innovation on the other hand. The finding that stronger IPR protection leads to a lower number of patents also points to a litigation cost channel in which firms reduce their patent filings concerning of the litigation risks brought by those patents. Overall, our findings suggest that IPR protection changes firms' innovation incentives and their interaction with the patent system.","PeriodicalId":105736,"journal":{"name":"Organizations & Markets: Policies & Processes eJournal","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116278028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distracted Investors under Institutional Cross-Blockholding: Evidence from Corporate Social Responsibility","authors":"Tao Chen, Jimmy Chengyuan Qu","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3714094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3714094","url":null,"abstract":"This paper documents a negative effect of institutional cross-blockholding on portfolio firms’ corporate social responsibility (CSR) performance. Our baseline results show that cross-held firms perform worse in CSR than non-cross-held firms do. A quasi-natural experiment based on mergers between institutional blockholders is applied to establish the causality. Evidence from EDGAR search volume and shareholder proposals on socially responsible investment suggests that the negative impact of institutional cross-blockholding on CSR mainly comes from investor distraction when investors hold multiple blocks simultaneously. By highlighting the social cost of institutional cross-blockholding, this paper finds a distraction effect of institutional cross-ownership, which extends our understanding of this unique ownership structure.","PeriodicalId":105736,"journal":{"name":"Organizations & Markets: Policies & Processes eJournal","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114341070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Economics of Research Reproducibility","authors":"Jean-Edouard Colliard, Christophe Hurlin, C. Pérignon","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3418896","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3418896","url":null,"abstract":"Empirical evidence documents a relatively low level of research reproducibility in economics. In this paper, we investigate why this is the case and what can be done to move out of this low-reproducibility equilibrium. We study the supply and demand for research reproducibility, provide empirical evidence on authors' preferences for reproducibility, and estimate the cost of verifying reproducibility. We theoretically show that competition between journals to attract authors leads to a suboptimally low level of reproducibility. Leading journals with sufficient market power can set higher reproducibility standards, which is consistent with recent changes in data availability policies.","PeriodicalId":105736,"journal":{"name":"Organizations & Markets: Policies & Processes eJournal","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130861391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}