Clinical Medicine Insights. Case Reports最新文献

{"title":"Hepatic Fascioliasis Masquerading as Acute Appendicitis in a Child: A Case Report.","authors":"Bisrat Abate Bekele, Mikiyas G Teferi, Muluken Bekele Wondimagegnehu, Rebecca Haile Tesfay, Alem Mekete Ayalew, Biniam Girma Tsega, Taye Jemberu Robele","doi":"10.1177/11795476261438872","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11795476261438872","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Fascioliasis is a neglected tropical disease caused by <i>Fasciola species</i> that can present with nonspecific abdominal symptoms and mimic surgical emergencies.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We report a 12-year-old Ethiopian boy who presented with right-sided abdominal pain, fever, and marked eosinophilia and was initially suspected to have acute appendicitis. Diagnostic laparoscopy revealed hepatic rather than appendiceal pathology. Imaging demonstrated subcapsular hepatic tracks, and serologic testing confirmed <i>Fasciola species</i> infection (most probably <i>Fasciola gigantica</i> in the Ethiopian context). Histopathology showed eosinophil-rich granulomatous hepatitis with helminthic structures. The patient was treated with triclabendazole and recovered completely.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case highlights the importance of considering parasitic infections such as fascioliasis in children presenting with atypical acute abdominal pain in endemic regions. Early use of imaging and serologic testing may prevent unnecessary surgical interventions and allow timely curative therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":10357,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine Insights. Case Reports","volume":"19 ","pages":"11795476261438872"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13110278/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147764706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post-streptococcal Glomerulonephritis Presenting With Acute Pulmonary Edema and Critical Hyperkalemia: A Rare Pediatric Case Report From Yemen.","authors":"Ali Abdu Abdelbaky Mohamed, Mansoor Khalid Mansoor Ayish, Hussein Mussa Muafa","doi":"10.1177/11795476261444444","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11795476261444444","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis (PSGN) is a common cause of acute nephritic syndrome in children. Rarely, it may result in life-threatening complications, including acute pulmonary edema and critical hyperkalemia.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We report a 10-year-old Yemeni girl (25 kg) presenting with severe respiratory distress, irritability, and generalized pitting edema. Laboratory tests confirmed PSGN with markedly reduced complement C3 (42.2 mg/dL) and nephritic urine sediment containing numerous red blood cells and casts. The patient developed critical hyperkalemia (7.0 mmol/L) and acute pulmonary edema, requiring urgent intubation and mechanical ventilation using pressure-controlled mandatory ventilation (P-CMV).</p><p><strong>Management: </strong>Aggressive fluid mobilization and electrolyte stabilization were initiated. High-dose intravenous furosemide (4 mg/kg/day) and low-dose dopamine (per local institutional protocols) were applied. Despite critical hyperkalemia, standard protocols (calcium, insulin-glucose) were unavailable; thus, potassium-lowering relied on continuous salbutamol and rapid diuresis. Appropriate adjunctive sedation was utilized briefly to facilitate mechanical ventilation. The patient produced 1700 mL urine in 17 hours, demonstrating a strong diuretic response. Continuous cardiac monitoring was maintained throughout the acute phase to mitigate arrhythmic complications.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Early recognition of severe extra-renal complications in PSGN is critical. Intensive supportive care-including mechanical ventilation, meticulous fluid and electrolyte management, and appropriate sedation-is essential for survival in cases of acute pulmonary edema and critical hyperkalemia.</p>","PeriodicalId":10357,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine Insights. Case Reports","volume":"19 ","pages":"11795476261444444"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13110295/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147764665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Successful Management of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor-Induced Bone Marrow Aplasia in Chronic Phase Chronic Myeloid Leukemia with Ponatinib: A Case Report and Literature Review.","authors":"Rola Ghasoub, Laila Shafei, Ruba Y Taha, Dina Soliman, Hesham Elsabah, Maria Benkharda, Afaf Albattah, Halima Elomri","doi":"10.1177/11795476261436608","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11795476261436608","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) represent the standard of care for chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Although cytopenias are frequent, severe and persistent bone marrow aplasia is exceedingly rare, with limited evidence to guide management in non-transplant candidates.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 35-year-old man with chronic-phase CML developed persistent bone marrow aplasia after sequential treatment with imatinib and dasatinib. Despite dose reductions and supportive measures, profound pancytopenia persisted, leading to treatment cessation. In the absence of a matched donor and response (<i>BCR::ABL1</i>: 25% IS), ponatinib was initiated at 45 mg daily and later reduced to 15 mg. Remarkably, hematologic recovery occurred, with normalization of peripheral blood counts, without recurrence of aplasia, and the patient achieved a sustained complete cytogenetic response within 15 months (<i>BCR::ABL1</i> < 1% IS).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>TKI-associated bone marrow aplasia has been reported with agents such as imatinib, dasatinib, and nilotinib. Proposed mechanisms include off-target inhibition of hematopoietic kinases (eg, c-KIT, PDGFR) and suppression of malignant clones preceding normal marrow recovery. Management typically involves discontinuation, transfusion support, immunosuppressive therapy, or transplantation. In this case, ponatinib proved effective and tolerable as salvage therapy after previous TKI-induced marrow aplasia.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>TKI-induced bone marrow aplasia is an uncommon but serious toxicity in CML. This case supports the potential role of ponatinib as an effective salvage option following severe TKI-related marrow toxicity, particularly in patients who are not candidates for allogeneic transplantation. Further clinical experience and larger studies are needed to better define optimal management strategies for this rare but serious complication.</p>","PeriodicalId":10357,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine Insights. Case Reports","volume":"19 ","pages":"11795476261436608"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13103490/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147764653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Primary Cutaneous Rosai-Dorfman Disease With Typical Immunophenotype But Lacking Emperipolesis: A Case Report.","authors":"Lina Al-Soufi, Aya Marashli, Razan Younis, Areeb Saeed Alkasem, Firas Hussein, Zuheir Al-Shehabi","doi":"10.1177/11795476261438660","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11795476261438660","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cutaneous Rosai-Dorfman disease (CRDD) is a rare extranodal histiocytosis that can mimic other dermatoses, particularly when hallmark emperipolesis is absent.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 50-year-old man presented with 5 months of intensely pruritic lesions affecting the palms, soles, flexures, and limbs. Skin biopsy revealed a nodular infiltrate of foamy histiocytes extending into the subcutis. Immunohistochemistry showed S100⁺, CD68⁺, CD1a⁻, while emperipolesis was not identified. Systemic evaluation was unremarkable. He was treated with oral prednisone, which was discontinued due to steroid-induced hyperglycemia, and methotrexate 15 mg/week, achieving approximately 60% improvement of symptoms at 6 months.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CRDD may present atypically, and the absence of emperipolesis does not exclude the diagnosis. Careful clinicopathologic correlation and immunohistochemical analysis are essential for accurate diagnosis and guiding individualized therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":10357,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine Insights. Case Reports","volume":"19 ","pages":"11795476261438660"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13096700/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147764744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Primary Testicular Tuberculosis Presenting as a Testicular Tumor: A Case Report.","authors":"Saeid Sadeghzadeh, Mohammad Eslami, Zohreh Panahi, Shabnam Danaei Mehrabad","doi":"10.1177/11795476261436590","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11795476261436590","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Testicular tuberculosis (TB) is a rare form of extrapulmonary TB that can closely mimic testicular malignancy, making diagnosis challenging in immunocompetent patients without systemic symptoms. We report the case of a 50-year-old immunocompetent man who presented with a gradually enlarging, painless right testicular mass of several weeks' duration, without constitutional symptoms such as fever, night sweats, or weight loss. Ultrasonography revealed a well-defined, heterogeneous hypoechoic and relatively hypervascular solid-cystic lesion, while serum tumor markers were within normal limits. Given the high clinical suspicion for malignancy, radical inguinal orchiectomy was performed without complications. Histopathological examination demonstrated necrotizing granulomatous inflammation with Langhans-type giant cells, and Ziehl-Neelsen staining was positive for acid-fast bacilli. Comprehensive systemic evaluation revealed no evidence of pulmonary or extrapulmonary TB, although both PPD and IGRA tests were positive. The patient was treated with standard anti-tubercular therapy and remained asymptomatic at 9-month follow-up. This case underscores the importance of considering primary isolated testicular TB in the differential diagnosis of atypical testicular masses, highlighting that early recognition and appropriate medical therapy may prevent unnecessary.</p>","PeriodicalId":10357,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine Insights. Case Reports","volume":"19 ","pages":"11795476261436590"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13087372/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147721701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gallbladder Volvulus, A Surgical Challenge in Inflammatory Pathology of the Gallbladder: A Case Report.","authors":"Juan Sebastián Rodriguez Uribe, Vanessa Cabrera Guarín, Alexandra Bastidas, Jorge Andrés Gutierrez","doi":"10.1177/11795476261437635","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11795476261437635","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Gallbladder volvulus (GV) is a rare surgical entity marked by torsion of the gallbladder on its axis secondary to mesenteric anomalies. Due to its clinical similarity to acute cholecystitis and preoperative diagnosis is difficult.</p><p><strong>Clinical case: </strong>A 79-year-old female with cardiovascular comorbidities presented with sudden abdominal pain and emesis. Initial laboratory examination tests showed leukocytosis and hyperbilirubinemia, while ultrasound suggested acute cholecystitis. Due to persistent symptoms and the development of a palpable mass, the patient underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Intraoperatively, a gangrenous gallbladder secondary to complete volvulus was identified.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The gallbladder was detorsed and resected without complications. The postoperative course was uneventful, and the patient was discharge on the third day.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>GV should be suspected in elderly patients presenting with atypical biliary symptoms and a \"floating gallbladder\" on imaging. Early surgical intervention via laparoscopic cholecystectomy is essential to prevent life-threatening complications such as perforation and peritonitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":10357,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine Insights. Case Reports","volume":"19 ","pages":"11795476261437635"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13069168/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147670925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Case Report: Complexities in the Management of Glossopharyngeal Neuralgia: Lessons from a Refractory Case.","authors":"Robert Maksymowicz, Jeremi Jan Matysek, Dominika Maja Lech, Cyprian Norbert Strączek, Krzysztof Nosek","doi":"10.1177/11795476261426065","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11795476261426065","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Glossopharyngeal neuralgia is a rare cranial neuropathy characterized by paroxysmal, severe pain localized to the sensory distribution of the glossopharyngeal nerve. Diagnostic overlap with trigeminal neuralgia can lead to misclassification and delays in effective management.</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>We report a 76-year-old female with an 18-year history of right-sided tongue and facial pain initially misdiagnosed as trigeminal neuralgia. Despite undergoing radiotherapy, thermolesion, and microvascular decompression, she experienced recurrent episodes of severe pain. At presentation, she was receiving pregabalin, carbamazepine, and fentanyl transdermal patch with limited efficacy and notable adverse effects. Transition to oxycodone, in combination with optimized pregabalin, carbamazepine, and venlafaxine, led to substantial pain relief and improved functionality. Hyponatremia secondary to high-dose carbamazepine was identified and corrected by dose adjustment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case underscores the diagnostic challenges of glossopharyngeal neuralgia and highlights the importance of individualized, multimodal treatment strategies. While surgical interventions may offer partial benefit, adjunctive pharmacotherapy, including opioid therapy in refractory cases, can be essential for achieving adequate pain control.</p>","PeriodicalId":10357,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine Insights. Case Reports","volume":"19 ","pages":"11795476261426065"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13053954/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147637937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dextrocardia with Situs Inversus Totalis in an Ethiopian Woman: A Case Report.","authors":"Tsegaab Mesele, Kebron W Aweke, Gelila S Kassa, Mikiyas G Teferi, Muluken Bekele Wondimagegnehu, Leul M Manyazewal, Samuel Dereje Bedada","doi":"10.1177/11795476261439206","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11795476261439206","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dextrocardia with situs inversus totalis (SIT) is a rare congenital anomaly involving complete mirror-image reversal of thoracic and abdominal organs, which may complicate diagnostic evaluation and management despite often being benign. We report a 45-year-old Ethiopian woman with type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension who presented with dry cough, right-sided pleuritic chest pain, dyspnea, and low-grade fever. Examination revealed respiratory distress and a right-sided cardiac apex, while laboratory workup demonstrated anemia, impaired renal function, and proteinuria. Imaging confirmed SIT with right lower lung consolidation and incidental cholelithiasis, and electrocardiogram (ECG) showed extreme right-axis deviation with absent R-wave progression; echocardiography revealed normal intracardiac anatomy and preserved function. Although SIT is commonly discovered incidentally, reversed anatomy can create diagnostic challenges and requires careful clinical correlation, particularly in settings with limited imaging availability. This case highlights the importance of recognizing SIT to prevent misinterpretation, guide safe management, and contribute to the limited regional epidemiological data.</p>","PeriodicalId":10357,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine Insights. Case Reports","volume":"19 ","pages":"11795476261439206"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13053957/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147637928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complete Neurological Recovery Following Suicidal Near-Hanging: A Case Report From Ethiopia.","authors":"Ayenew A Wolie, Chernet T Mengistie, Biruk T Mengistie, Gedefaw T Minwagaw, Demmelash G Nigatu, Nardos K Melaku, Awetahegn E Kenno, Akililu Azazh","doi":"10.1177/11795476261438875","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11795476261438875","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Near-hanging is a common method of attempted suicide that can cause severe hypoxic brain injury, and survivors often require intensive care. We report a near-hanging case in a resource-limited setting with full neurological recovery despite an initially severe presentation.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A previously healthy 22-year-old man presented in mid-2025 unconscious after being rescued from a hanging incident. He had no known psychiatric history or prior suicide attempt. On arrival, he was comatose (Glasgow Coma Scale 6) with stable vital signs. Head CT was unremarkable for acute injury. Airway was secured by rapid sequence intubation without complication; cervical spine immobilization was applied, and imaging revealed no cervical or laryngeal trauma. A bedside ultrasound measurement of the optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) was performed (resource-limited setting, MRI unavailable).</p><p><strong>Management and outcome: </strong>The patient received standard intensive care support, including mechanical ventilation, sedation, and monitoring of oxygenation and perfusion. His blood glucose and metabolic status were managed carefully. The initially elevated ONSD prompted continued neuroprotective care. Over 72 hours, he gradually regained consciousness and was extubated on day 4. He exhibited no focal deficits or cognitive impairment. By discharge on day 7, he had returned to baseline neurologic function and was oriented with normal examination.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case highlights that even severe near-hanging can have excellent neurologic recovery. It also underscores that a normal head CT in the acute period does not exclude significant hypoxic brain injury. In settings without advanced imaging, bedside ONSD ultrasonography may provide useful information about intracranial dynamics. Clinicians should be aware of these diagnostic and prognostic nuances and maintain aggressive supportive care in such cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":10357,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine Insights. Case Reports","volume":"19 ","pages":"11795476261438875"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13051100/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147632634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Klippel-Trenaunay Syndrome in a Pediatric Patient: A Case Report.","authors":"Anant Khandelwal, Raihan Shakeel, Manjiri Rhishikesh Babar, Channagiri Srinivas Bhargavram, Amogh Verma","doi":"10.1177/11795476261436592","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11795476261436592","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome (KTS) is a rare congenital vascular disorder defined by the triad of capillary malformation, venous or lymphatic anomalies, and soft tissue or bony hypertrophy. Pediatric presentations pose distinct challenges because clinical manifestations evolve with growth, and early phenotypes may not reliably predict long-term morbidity. In early childhood, accurate flow phenotyping and anticipatory surveillance are therefore central to management.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 4-year-old girl presented with an extensive port-wine stain involving nearly half of the right buttock, progressive hypertrophy of the right lower limb, and superficial varicosities. Limb circumference differed by 3.5 cm at the thigh and 2.8 cm at the calf compared with the contralateral side. Doppler ultrasonography demonstrated superficial venous ectasia with preserved deep venous flow and no evidence of arteriovenous shunting. Magnetic resonance venography confirmed superficial venous malformations confined to the right lower limb without pelvic or visceral involvement. Radiographs revealed cortical thickening and bony overgrowth of the right foot, and scanogram analysis demonstrated a 1.2 cm limb-length discrepancy. Conservative management with compression therapy, orthopedic surveillance, and regular dermatologic follow-up was initiated. At 6 months, the child remained asymptomatic, functionally active, and without progression of hypertrophy.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This case illustrates the diagnostic and management considerations of KTS in early childhood, emphasizing differentiation from high-flow vascular syndromes, justification of imaging strategies, and the importance of growth-adapted surveillance and family counseling. Emerging targeted therapies may offer future options for progressive disease.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Early recognition, structured monitoring, and multidisciplinary care are essential in pediatric KTS. Conservative management is effective when paired with defined surveillance strategies and caregiver-centered education.</p>","PeriodicalId":10357,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine Insights. Case Reports","volume":"19 ","pages":"11795476261436592"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13039645/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147608353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}