Spanish Journal of Psychiatry and Mental Health最新文献

{"title":"Cognitive performance as a health indicator: lessons from the mini-mental state examination.","authors":"Antonio Lobo","doi":"10.1016/j.sjpmh.2025.04.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjpmh.2025.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101179,"journal":{"name":"Spanish Journal of Psychiatry and Mental Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144144593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oxytocin and rejection sensitivity: a comparative biomarker study in women with borderline personality and eating disorders.","authors":"Francisco Ruiz-Guerrero, Andrés Gómez Del Barrio, Alejandro de la Torre-Luque, Karina MacDowell, Luis Beato-Fernández, Leticia Castro Fuentes, Wala Ayad-Ahmed, Pablo Mola, Álvaro Carrasco-Díaz, José Manuel Villatoro, Juan C Leza, José Luis Carrasco, Marina Diaz-Marsa","doi":"10.1016/j.sjpmh.2025.04.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjpmh.2025.04.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Emotional dysregulation is a hallmark feature of borderline personality disorder (BPD) and eating disorders (ED), which impacts the individuals' well-being and functioning. Oxytocin dysregulation has been involved in social cognition deficits associated with these disorders.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a study including a total 108 women categorized into 3 groups: 50 with eating disorders (ED), 35 with borderline personality disorder (BPD), and 23 healthy controls. Psychopathological profiles were assessed using the Bulimic Investigatory Test Edinburgh (BITE), the Eating Attitude Test 40 (EAT-40), the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11), and the Rejection Sensitivity Questionnaire (RSQ). Plasma oxytocin levels and oxytocin receptor expression were measured as well.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>BPD patients exhibited significantly lower plasma oxytocin levels vs ED patients and healthy controls. However, oxytocin receptor expression did not differ significantly across the groups. Oxytocin levels were positively associated with rejection sensitivity, particularly in BPD patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings suggest a potential role of oxytocin dysregulation in emotional dysregulation and rejection sensitivity, particularly in BPD. Higher oxytocin levels in ED patients may serve as a compensatory mechanism to mitigate challenges in interpersonal relationships. These results highlight the importance of personalized therapeutic interventions targeting oxytocin dysregulation in the management of ED and BPD.</p>","PeriodicalId":101179,"journal":{"name":"Spanish Journal of Psychiatry and Mental Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144145103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are patients with depression exposed to less light than healthy controls?","authors":"Aida Martín-Reina, Anna Riera-Gimeno, José Angel Rubiño, Maria Cristina Nicolau, Francesca Canellas","doi":"10.1016/j.sjpmh.2025.03.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sjpmh.2025.03.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101179,"journal":{"name":"Spanish Journal of Psychiatry and Mental Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144053774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic and epigenetic changes to the glucocorticoid receptor gene (NR3C1) and cognition in major depressive disorder.","authors":"Alex Ferrer, Javier Labad, Neus Salvat-Pujol, Mikel Urretavizcaya, Roser Obrador-Font, José M Menchón, Diego Palao, Carles Soriano-Mas, Javier Costas, Marta Barrachina, Ángel Carracedo, Virginia Soria","doi":"10.1016/j.sjpmh.2024.12.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sjpmh.2024.12.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Many studies have found that hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis abnormalities are related to the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD) and cognitive functioning. Our aim was to assess the influence of genetic polymorphisms and methylation levels in three different promoter regions throughout the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) gene NR3C1 on cognitive performance in MDD. Plausible interactions with childhood adversity and mediation relationships between genetic and epigenetic variables were explored.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The sample included a total of 64 MDD patients and 82 healthy controls. Child maltreatment and neurocognitive performance were assessed in all participants. HPA negative feedback was analyzed using the dexamethasone suppression test after the administration of 0.25mg of dexamethasone. A total of 23 single-nucleotide polymorphisms were genotyped, and methylation levels at several CpGs in exons 1D, 1F and 1H of the GR gene were measured.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results show that, beyond the influence of other covariables, NR3C1 single-nucleotide polymorphisms and methylation levels predicted performance in executive functioning and working memory tasks. No significant interactions or mediation relationships were detected.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Results suggest that genetic variations and epigenetic regulation of the GR gene are relevant factors influencing cognitive performance in MDD and could emerge as significant biomarkers and therapeutic targets in mood disorders and other stress-related disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":101179,"journal":{"name":"Spanish Journal of Psychiatry and Mental Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143797485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic pathways and mortality across psychotic disorders: Evidence from Catalonia integrated health records.","authors":"Santiago Madero, Gerard Anmella, Michele De Prisco, Vincenzo Oliva, Clàudia Valenzuela-Pascual, Ariadna Mas, Giovanna Fico, Andrea Murru, Marc Valentí, Jordi Blanch, Clemente Garcia-Rizo, Vicent Llorca-Bofí, Silvia Amoretti, Norma Verdolini, Miquel Bioque, Eduard Parellada, Eduard Vieta, Diego Hidalgo-Mazzei","doi":"10.1016/j.sjpmh.2025.02.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sjpmh.2025.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Although psychotic disorders are associated with significant morbidity and mortality, the diagnostic trajectories and mortality risks across the spectrum of these disorders remain poorly understood. This study aimed to characterize diagnostic pathways and compare mortality outcomes across psychotic disorders in Catalonia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective cohort study using electronic health records of 357,007 adults accessing mental health services in Catalonia from 2015 through 2019. Diagnostic categories included schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, schizoaffective disorder, delusional disorder, other non-organic psychoses, unipolar psychotic depression, and other mental health diagnoses. Cox proportional hazards models assessed mortality risk, adjusting for sociodemographic factors and comorbidities.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>About one-third of the sample received their first psychotic disorder diagnosis in specialized care. All psychotic disorders showed elevated mortality risk vs other mental health conditions. Schizophrenia had the highest risk (HR, 2.63; 95%CI, 2.46-2.81, p<0.001 followed by schizoaffective (HR, 1.99; 95%CI, 1.77-2.24, p<0.001) and delusional disorders (HR, 1.92; 95%CI, 1.66-2.21, p<0.001). Low socioeconomic status (HR, 3.69; 95%CI, 3.48-3.92, p<0.001) and comorbidities (HR, 1.82 per comorbidity; 95%CI, 1.81-1.83, p<0.001) were significant predictors of mortality across diagnoses. Gradient boosting machine modeling identified comorbidities (56.07%) and diagnostic category (24.51%) as top predictors of mortality risk.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study demonstrates significantly elevated mortality risk across the spectrum of psychotic disorders in a Southern European context, with socioeconomic factors and medical comorbidities emerging as critical determinants. These findings underscore the need for integrated care approaches addressing both mental and physical health needs in psychotic disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":101179,"journal":{"name":"Spanish Journal of Psychiatry and Mental Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143797483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retinal thickness: A window into cognitive impairment in bipolar disorder.","authors":"Juan Pablo Chart-Pascual, Guillermo Cano-Escalera, Manuel Graña, Iñaki Zorrilla, Purificacion Lopez-Peña, Carmen Martin Requena, Andrea Flores Ceballos, Irene Perez Landaluce, Haritz Urcola, Miguel Angel Alvarez-Mon, Hilary P Blumberg, Joaquim Radua, Ana Gonzalez-Pinto","doi":"10.1016/j.sjpmh.2025.01.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sjpmh.2025.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Cognitive impairment (CI) in bipolar disorder (BD) significantly impacts overall functioning and quality of life. A better understanding of the neurobiological mechanisms associated with CI is needed. Studies on neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, have revealed promising findings related to retinal thickness alterations using optical coherence tomography (OCT). Similarly, retinal differences between healthy controls and individuals with BD or schizophrenia have been described. This study explores the utility of OCT in discerning retinal changes possibly associated with CI in BD to enhance our understanding of the biological markers of BD and provide additional information to neuropsychological testing.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Optical coherence tomography (OCT) was employed to measure retinal thickness in the macular ganglion cell layer (GCL), inner plexiform layer (IPL), retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), and peripapillary RNFL (pRNFL) in 50 individuals with bipolar disorder (BD). Associations with cognitive impairments were analyzed using cross-validated Random Forest models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The analysis revealed significant associations between retinal thinning in various segments of the macular GCL, IPL, and RNFL and cognitive impairment (CI) in BD, with particular relevance to executive function deficits (AUC>0.8).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Thinning of the GCL, IPL, and RNFL was significantly associated with worse cognitive performance in individuals with BD. Similar patterns have been observed in schizophrenia, highlighting an innovative and promising field for research and clinical application.</p>","PeriodicalId":101179,"journal":{"name":"Spanish Journal of Psychiatry and Mental Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143626618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reliability and validity of proxy reports of impulsivity and aggression: An evidence-based assessment approach to psychological autopsy methods","authors":"Sergio Sanz-Gómez ,&nbsp;Adrían Alacreu-Crespo ,&nbsp;Julio Antonio Guija ,&nbsp;Lucas Giner","doi":"10.1016/j.sjpmh.2023.10.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sjpmh.2023.10.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Psychological autopsy methods often include measures of impulsivity and aggression. The aim is to assess their reliability and validity in a Spanish sample.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Cross-sectional web-based survey was fulfilled by 184 proband and proxy pairs. Data was collected on sociodemographic characteristics, impulsivity through Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11), aggression through Buss–Perry Aggression Questionnaire (BPAQ), and history of suicide ideation. Proxies filled out BIS-11, BPAQ and suicide ideation with the responses they would expect from the probands. Reliability was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) between proband and proxies. Logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the predictive validity of proxy reports in predicting probands’ suicide ideation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Bivariate analysis showed differences in BPAQ (Median 68 vs. 62; <em>p</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.001), but not in BIS-11 (<em>p</em> <!-->&gt;<!--> <!-->.050). BIS-11 showed good concordance (ICC<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.754; CI 95% 0.671–0.816) and BPAQ acceptable (ICC<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.592; CI 95% 0.442–0.699). In the probands regression model BPAQ predicted suicide ideation (OR 1.038; CI 95% 1.016–1.061) but not BIS-11 (OR 0.991; CI 95% 0.958–1.025). In the proxy-report model BPAQ also predicted probands’ suicide ideation (OR 1.036; CI 95% 1.014–1.058) but not BIS-11 (OR 0.973; CI 95% 0.942–1.004).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Used as proxy-reported assessment tools, BIS-11 showed better reliability than the BPAQ. However, both showed validity in Spanish population and could be included in psychological autopsy protocols.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101179,"journal":{"name":"Spanish Journal of Psychiatry and Mental Health","volume":"18 1","pages":"Pages 28-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138049125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex differences in clinical response to deep brain stimulation in resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder","authors":"Lorea Mar-Barrutia ,&nbsp;Oliver Ibarrondo ,&nbsp;Javier Mar ,&nbsp;Eva Real ,&nbsp;Cinto Segalàs ,&nbsp;Sara Bertolín ,&nbsp;Marco Alberto Aparicio ,&nbsp;Gerard Plans ,&nbsp;José Manuel Menchón ,&nbsp;Pino Alonso","doi":"10.1016/j.sjpmh.2024.01.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sjpmh.2024.01.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an effective alternative to treat severe refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), although little is known on factors predicting response. The objective of this study was to explore potential sex differences in the pattern of response to DBS in OCD patients.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a prospective observational study in 25 patients with severe resistant OCD. Response to treatment was defined as a ≥35% reduction in Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) score. Logistic regression models were calculated to measure the likelihood of response at short and long-term follow-up by sex as measured by Y-BOCS score. Similar analyses were carried out to study changes in depressive symptomatology assessed with the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS). Additionally, effect sizes were calculated to assess clinical significance.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We did not observe significant clinical differences between men and women prior to DBS implantation, nor in the response after one year of stimulation. At long-term follow-up, 76.9% of men could be considered responders to DBS versus only 33.3% of women. The final response odds ratio in men was 10.05 with significant confidence intervals (88.90–1.14). No other predictors of response were identified. The sex difference in Y-BOCS reduction was clinically significant, with an effect size of 3.2. The main limitation was the small sample size.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our results suggest that gender could influence the long-term response to DBS in OCD, a finding that needs to be confirmed in new studies given the paucity of results on predictors of response to DBS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101179,"journal":{"name":"Spanish Journal of Psychiatry and Mental Health","volume":"18 1","pages":"Pages 34-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139708940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and fMRI-based response predictors to mindfulness-based cognitive therapy in obsessive-compulsive disorder: Study protocol for a randomised clinical trial","authors":"Neus Miquel-Giner ,&nbsp;Muriel Vicent-Gil ,&nbsp;Ignacio Martínez-Zalacaín ,&nbsp;Daniel Porta-Casteras ,&nbsp;Lorea Mar ,&nbsp;Marina López-Solà ,&nbsp;Jessica R. Andrews-Hanna ,&nbsp;Carles Soriano-Mas ,&nbsp;José Manuel Menchón ,&nbsp;Narcís Cardoner ,&nbsp;Pino Alonso ,&nbsp;Maria Serra-Blasco ,&nbsp;Clara López-Solà","doi":"10.1016/j.rpsm.2022.11.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rpsm.2022.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Around 40–50% of patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) suffer from obsessions and compulsions after receiving first-line treatments. Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) has been proposed as a reasonable augmentation strategy for OCD. MBCT trains to decentre from distressful thoughts and emotions by focusing on them voluntarily and with consciousness. This practice develops alternative ways to deal with obsessions, which could increase non-reactivity behaviours and, in turn, reduce compulsions. This study aims to investigate the efficacy of MBCT to improve OCD symptoms. Secondly, it pursues to investigate which socio-demographic, clinical, and neurobiological characteristics mediate or moderate the MBCT response; and identify potential biomarkers of positive/negative response.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study is a randomised clinical trial (RCT) of 60 OCD patients who do not respond to first-line treatments. Participants will be randomised to either an MBCT program or treatment as usual. The MBCT group will undergo 10 weekly sessions of 120<!--> <!-->min. <em>Principal outcome</em>: change in OCD severity symptoms using clinician and self-reported measures. Also, participants will undergo a comprehensive evaluation assessing comorbid clinical variables, neuropsychological functioning and thought content. Finally, a comprehensive neuroimaging protocol using structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging will be acquired in a 3T scanner. All data will be obtained at baseline and post-intervention.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>This study will assess the efficacy of mindfulness in OCD patients who do not achieve clinical recovery after usual treatment. It is the first RCT in this subject examining clinical, neuropsychological and neuroimaging variables to examine the neural patterns associated with the MBCT response.</div><div>Clinical trials registration: <span><span>NCT03128749</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101179,"journal":{"name":"Spanish Journal of Psychiatry and Mental Health","volume":"18 1","pages":"Pages 6-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41238294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Koro-like syndrome in Huntington's disease","authors":"Saul Martinez-Horta ,&nbsp;Jesus Perez-Perez ,&nbsp;Jaime Kulisevsky","doi":"10.1016/j.rpsm.2023.01.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rpsm.2023.01.006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101179,"journal":{"name":"Spanish Journal of Psychiatry and Mental Health","volume":"18 1","pages":"Pages 58-59"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49681819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}