Sociology Lens最新文献

{"title":"Sustainable Sociability: Allowing Sociability Through Door Design in the Age of Social Media, a Practical Exploration of Modularity With Traditional Techniques","authors":"Xahra Hafeez,&nbsp;Sana Hafeez","doi":"10.1111/johs.12488","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/johs.12488","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This research presents the development of innovative modular doors specifically designed to foster interpersonal connections in digital environment of today. The door is analyzed both as a symbol and as a site of projective identification, exploring how it represents emotional or psychological states and how people may project their identity onto it. The present analysis looks at thresholds and doors in cultural anthropology and how they impact human behaviors due to their shape, form and function in variety of cultures and different time periods. The second aspect of the research deals with the designing of modular doors which cater to our current social needs. These doors create opportunities by integrating flexible, open designs that reduce acoustic and visual barriers for spontaneous interactions. Making social engagement more natural and frequent while keeping a balance between connectivity and privacy. The findings suggest that such designs can play a crucial role in promoting more meaningful face-to-face interactions. It also brings the focus back from industrial and mass-produced products to handmade pieces by using sustainable materials, locally sourced and crafted by artisans in Pakistan.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":101168,"journal":{"name":"Sociology Lens","volume":"38 1","pages":"31-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143622437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Place of History in British Criminology: 20th-Century Developments","authors":"Roberto Catello","doi":"10.1111/johs.12486","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/johs.12486","url":null,"abstract":"<p>While the relevance of historical research and analysis for the development of a critical criminology in the United States in the 1970s has recently received some attention by historical criminologists, the place of history in British criminology—and British critical criminology in particular—remains a largely unexplored area of academic inquiry. This article fills this gap in the history of historical criminology by reviewing the uses of history in British criminology before and after the emergence of critical criminology in the 1970s. The article first reviews the precritical uses of history found in the writings of the key figures responsible for the establishment of academic criminology in Britain in the mid-20th century, namely, Leon Radzinowicz, Hermann Mannheim, and Max Grünhut. These scholars made a valuable contribution to the historical study of crime but the criminological <i>zeitgeist</i> of their time prevented them from outlining a manifesto for a <i>historical criminology</i>. The article then proceeds to show that the critique of <i>ahistorical criminology</i> instigated by critical criminologists in Britain during the 1970s was born out of attempts to <i>historicize the sociology of deviance</i>. Lastly, the article goes on to argue that the <i>new criminology</i> envisioned by Ian Taylor, Paul Walton, and Jock Young was instrumental in advancing a conception of critical criminology that is indistinguishable from a fully historical criminology.</p>","PeriodicalId":101168,"journal":{"name":"Sociology Lens","volume":"38 1","pages":"16-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/johs.12486","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143622687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Ritual of Homebuying in Desert Cities: A Visual Ethnography","authors":"Brian F. O'Neill,&nbsp;Eliza Benites-Gambirazio","doi":"10.1111/johs.12484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/johs.12484","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The process of home-buying is commonly discussed and understood in terms of both asset acquisition and its connection to speculative financial practices utilized to attempt to correct for structural market crises. These dimensions further the possibilities for potential wealth accumulation that assist individuals, families, and corporate actors. This visual essay, emerging out of a decade-long investigation of the housing market in the American state of Arizona, USA, is the result of a collaboration between a visual ethnographer and a sociologist, which aimed to nuance an understanding of housing markets along social, spatial, and historical axes. The essay reveals connections between interpersonal dynamics of taste-making and, contrary to dominant liberal economic logic, the sometimes-limited horizons of choices for families attempting to engage in what we describe as “the ritual of homebuying.” Socially and historically, we discuss how the practice involves the enlistment of a number of peripheral actors attempting to facilitate the home-buying process who use tactics to draw families into the housing market. Spatially, families with aspiring middle-class values are, often enough, driven to peripheral urban and suburban zones to try to align their budgets and their ideals. Ultimately then, what turns out to be decisive is the narrow set of parameters as defined by the web of actors inside the real estate market, rather than, as some agents within the real estate industry abstractly argue, “what the market will bear.” Put differently, what the market will bear is narrowly defined choices that intersect with cultural values.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":101168,"journal":{"name":"Sociology Lens","volume":"37 4","pages":"609-623"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142860530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Autism Speaks for Whom? Neoliberalism, Nonprofit Infrastructure, and the Economics of Autism Advocacy","authors":"James Samuel Kizer","doi":"10.1111/johs.12481","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/johs.12481","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Arguably one of the best current examples of the nonprofit industrial complex in action, Autism Speaks dominates public discourses surrounding autism. Autistic people and their allies have long criticized the organization's harmful ideologies, but comparatively little attention has been given to how Autism Speaks develops its ideologies in the first place. I address this gap in the sociocultural study of autism in the present paper by situating Autism Speaks within neoliberal thought and demonstrating how those logics undergird its nonprofit infrastructure. Drawing upon critical nonprofit studies and Suárez's (2020) model for the drivers and determinants of nonprofit advocacy, I argue that neoliberal notions of medicalization, bodyminds, and labor are inherently intertwined with Autism Speaks' budget, resulting in the organization's narrow framing of autism advocacy and problematic ideology about Autistic people themselves.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> A Note on Language</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>I utilize identify-first language in this essay (‘Autistic person’ instead of ‘person with autism’) to reflect the growing consensus among Autistic people that doing so is semantically necessary. Autism is not an experience that can be isolated from the person experiencing it, rendering person-first language problematic because “with autism” is a prepositional phrase that can be removed without changing the sentence meaning. But Autism <i>is</i> the meaning! Being Autistic is simultaneously salient, corporeal, discursive, and analytical; it is intrinsic to the bodyminds who possess it, which also makes it always already political. In a similar vein, I use capital-A “Autistic” when referencing Autistic people to encapsulate its political significance. See Brown (2011) and “The A Word” (2009).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":101168,"journal":{"name":"Sociology Lens","volume":"37 4","pages":"592-600"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/johs.12481","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142860305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Original Dualisms Labor Law and Casual Work in Portugal and Romania (1920s–1960s)","authors":"Adrian Grama","doi":"10.1111/johs.12485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/johs.12485","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This article argues that any historical explanation of the emergence of dualism in the labor market should take labor law seriously for two intertwined reasons: first, because before there could be a dualism of insiders and outsiders in the market, there was an original dualism inscribed in statutory legislation covering employment contracts; and second because before there could be a neat distinction between a primary and a secondary sector, there was a prevailing legal hierarchy that rewarded the stability of the most stable employees while concomitantly rescinding protection from casual workers. The article asks how these original dualisms were overcome during the better half of the twentieth century, and what mechanisms might explain the eventual collapse of the legal distinctions between various types of employees and the differential distribution of rights that came with it. Empirically, the article draws comparatively on the social and legal history of Portugal and Romania from the 1920s to the 1960s to propose a historically rich and conceptually fresh interpretation of the emergence of “standard employment” on the two peripheries of Europe.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":101168,"journal":{"name":"Sociology Lens","volume":"38 1","pages":"2-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143622319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In the Footsteps of Krste P. Misirkov: Tracing the Roots of Macedonian Sociological Discourse","authors":"Ganka Cvetanova","doi":"10.1111/johs.12483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/johs.12483","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Misirkov is one of the most eminent figures in Macedonian national history. He made significant contributions as a Slavist, historian, folklorist, and ethnographer. In his seminal work, “On Macedonian Matters” (1903), Misirkov presented his theoretical and scientific views on the Macedonian question. He made a groundbreaking attempt to standardize the Macedonian language, offering both a linguistic and sociological exploration of its role in establishing political legitimacy for the Macedonian ethnocultural entity. His comprehensive treatment of other critical aspects, including the cultural identity, sense of common belonging, and the need for a separate political unit, aligns with the foundational principles of modern nations. Introducing novel ideas and frameworks, Misirkov significantly contributed to understanding Macedonian ethnocultural distinctiveness, crucial for the nation-building process. This paper emphasizes Misirkov's overlooked role as the founder of Macedonian sociological discourse, drawing parallels with modernist theories about nation and nationalism and analyzing his method through the concept of sociological imagination. Despite the enduring impact of his work, this pioneering aspect remains unexplored in academic research, addressing a significant gap in understanding Misirkov's contributions to Macedonian sociological thought.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":101168,"journal":{"name":"Sociology Lens","volume":"37 4","pages":"601-608"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142862342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ode to a Blackbird","authors":"Muriel N. Kahwagi","doi":"10.1111/johs.12480","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/johs.12480","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To access in written form, or even through a recording, that which was once performed in front of a live audience is akin to looking at an old picture. Both documents leave a trace of that which has passed, but they cannot recreate or capture the lived experience; they can only house the haunting. In the mid-20th century’s swirl of audiovisual and written documentation of poetry, one may identify a pressing hunger or impulse to preserve an oral tradition which has historically, at least for the most part, been lost—and an attempt on behalf of poets to legitimize and record their life’s work. Sung poetry may be forgotten—it leaves no physical trace behind. In the end, it is the material that prevails, at least in the eyes of history.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":101168,"journal":{"name":"Sociology Lens","volume":"37 4","pages":"500-501"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142862237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From bonds to bounds: The cultural diversity experiences of police officers as custodians of their own social capital","authors":"Merve Reyhan Baygeldi,&nbsp;Fatma Nur Günay","doi":"10.1111/johs.12479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/johs.12479","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study is an attempt to understand police officers' interactions with cultural diversity within the framework of social capital. Utilizing semi-structured interviews and thematic analysis within a phenomenological research framework, the findings reveal that being a police officer enhances and limits the trust relation at the same time. Although they are expected to transfer to other cities in certain periods and encounter diverse cultures, thereby enhancing their social capital, as officers' discretionary power diminishes and they increasingly adhere to established regulations, which constrain their flexibility and autonomy in public interactions. This regulatory reliance often results in a withdrawal from discretionary engagements with the social diversity. The data informing these findings originate from Türkiye; however, the conclusions regarding the cultural aspects of police-citizen interactions, viewed through the lens of social capital, have broader implications that extend beyond national boundaries, which is evaluated in comparison with international studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":101168,"journal":{"name":"Sociology Lens","volume":"37 4","pages":"573-591"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142860581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Propaganda and thought work in the Mao era: Absoluteness, sharp transitions, and political instability","authors":"Haoguang Li","doi":"10.1111/johs.12478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/johs.12478","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper elucidates the reasons behind Deng Xiaoping's initiation of political reform from a propaganda perspective by examining the features of Mao's propaganda and thought work and their implications for the Chinese Communist Party, analyzing cases such as the “Two-Hundred Policy,” the “Anti-Rightist Campaign,” propaganda campaigns related to the USSR, and the transformation of Lin Biao's image. It argues that Mao's propaganda and thought work, characterized by their absoluteness and sharp transitions, were detrimental to the stability of the communist regime. These characteristics led to widespread indifference, distrust, and even resistance toward the Chinese Communist Party among the Chinese populace since the late Mao era. China had entered a post-trust era, marked by a growing tendency among the populace to preemptively view official messages as untrustworthy. To restore the party's credibility, Deng Xiaoping initiated reforms in propaganda and thought work to address these shortcomings.</p>","PeriodicalId":101168,"journal":{"name":"Sociology Lens","volume":"37 4","pages":"545-555"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/johs.12478","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142860145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Marine Culture to Ocean Literacy: Ocean Education as Taiwan's Nation-Building Project","authors":"Kuang-hao Hou,&nbsp;Hsin-mei Chang","doi":"10.1111/johs.12477","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/johs.12477","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper explores the difficulties related to the implementation of the ocean education policy in Taiwan, based on interviews. Viewing nationalism as an ethnic ideology, a primary objective of the Taiwan Independence Movement (TIM) is to establish an ethnic boundary between Taiwan's residents and the Chinese people on the mainland. One way in which the TIM is seeking to erect this boundary is to assert that Taiwan is a marine nation-state, contrasting it with China as a continental state. Initially aimed at fostering marine consciousness and culture, Taiwan's ocean education policy later shifted toward improving ocean literacy. The government, which is aligned with the TIM, accepted this shift because its educational goals and approach can serve as a propaganda tool for demonstrating Taiwan's distinctiveness from China. In contrast, frontline educators must adapt ocean education's content to suit the local marine customs, and geographical and economic conditions, and so meet the educational requirements. A strict adherence to the national identification objectives within ocean education raises problems regarding policy implementation. By denying the existence of marine culture in Taiwan, Taiwan's ocean education policy has been assigned a utopian mission that is too radical to be achieved.</p>","PeriodicalId":101168,"journal":{"name":"Sociology Lens","volume":"37 4","pages":"531-544"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142862386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}