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Ode to a Blackbird 黑鸟颂
Sociology Lens Pub Date : 2024-11-27 DOI: 10.1111/johs.12480
Muriel N. Kahwagi
{"title":"Ode to a Blackbird","authors":"Muriel N. Kahwagi","doi":"10.1111/johs.12480","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/johs.12480","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To access in written form, or even through a recording, that which was once performed in front of a live audience is akin to looking at an old picture. Both documents leave a trace of that which has passed, but they cannot recreate or capture the lived experience; they can only house the haunting. In the mid-20th century’s swirl of audiovisual and written documentation of poetry, one may identify a pressing hunger or impulse to preserve an oral tradition which has historically, at least for the most part, been lost—and an attempt on behalf of poets to legitimize and record their life’s work. Sung poetry may be forgotten—it leaves no physical trace behind. In the end, it is the material that prevails, at least in the eyes of history.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":101168,"journal":{"name":"Sociology Lens","volume":"37 4","pages":"500-501"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142862237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
From bonds to bounds: The cultural diversity experiences of police officers as custodians of their own social capital 从束缚到约束：警察作为自身社会资本保管人的文化多样性经验
Sociology Lens Pub Date : 2024-11-09 DOI: 10.1111/johs.12479
Merve Reyhan Baygeldi, Fatma Nur Günay
{"title":"From bonds to bounds: The cultural diversity experiences of police officers as custodians of their own social capital","authors":"Merve Reyhan Baygeldi,&nbsp;Fatma Nur Günay","doi":"10.1111/johs.12479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/johs.12479","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study is an attempt to understand police officers' interactions with cultural diversity within the framework of social capital. Utilizing semi-structured interviews and thematic analysis within a phenomenological research framework, the findings reveal that being a police officer enhances and limits the trust relation at the same time. Although they are expected to transfer to other cities in certain periods and encounter diverse cultures, thereby enhancing their social capital, as officers' discretionary power diminishes and they increasingly adhere to established regulations, which constrain their flexibility and autonomy in public interactions. This regulatory reliance often results in a withdrawal from discretionary engagements with the social diversity. The data informing these findings originate from Türkiye; however, the conclusions regarding the cultural aspects of police-citizen interactions, viewed through the lens of social capital, have broader implications that extend beyond national boundaries, which is evaluated in comparison with international studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":101168,"journal":{"name":"Sociology Lens","volume":"37 4","pages":"573-591"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142860581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Propaganda and thought work in the Mao era: Absoluteness, sharp transitions, and political instability ​
Sociology Lens Pub Date : 2024-11-02 DOI: 10.1111/johs.12478
Haoguang Li
{"title":"Propaganda and thought work in the Mao era: Absoluteness, sharp transitions, and political instability","authors":"Haoguang Li","doi":"10.1111/johs.12478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/johs.12478","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper elucidates the reasons behind Deng Xiaoping's initiation of political reform from a propaganda perspective by examining the features of Mao's propaganda and thought work and their implications for the Chinese Communist Party, analyzing cases such as the “Two-Hundred Policy,” the “Anti-Rightist Campaign,” propaganda campaigns related to the USSR, and the transformation of Lin Biao's image. It argues that Mao's propaganda and thought work, characterized by their absoluteness and sharp transitions, were detrimental to the stability of the communist regime. These characteristics led to widespread indifference, distrust, and even resistance toward the Chinese Communist Party among the Chinese populace since the late Mao era. China had entered a post-trust era, marked by a growing tendency among the populace to preemptively view official messages as untrustworthy. To restore the party's credibility, Deng Xiaoping initiated reforms in propaganda and thought work to address these shortcomings.</p>","PeriodicalId":101168,"journal":{"name":"Sociology Lens","volume":"37 4","pages":"545-555"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/johs.12478","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142860145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
From Marine Culture to Ocean Literacy: Ocean Education as Taiwan's Nation-Building Project ​
Sociology Lens Pub Date : 2024-10-29 DOI: 10.1111/johs.12477
Kuang-hao Hou, Hsin-mei Chang
{"title":"From Marine Culture to Ocean Literacy: Ocean Education as Taiwan's Nation-Building Project","authors":"Kuang-hao Hou,&nbsp;Hsin-mei Chang","doi":"10.1111/johs.12477","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/johs.12477","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper explores the difficulties related to the implementation of the ocean education policy in Taiwan, based on interviews. Viewing nationalism as an ethnic ideology, a primary objective of the Taiwan Independence Movement (TIM) is to establish an ethnic boundary between Taiwan's residents and the Chinese people on the mainland. One way in which the TIM is seeking to erect this boundary is to assert that Taiwan is a marine nation-state, contrasting it with China as a continental state. Initially aimed at fostering marine consciousness and culture, Taiwan's ocean education policy later shifted toward improving ocean literacy. The government, which is aligned with the TIM, accepted this shift because its educational goals and approach can serve as a propaganda tool for demonstrating Taiwan's distinctiveness from China. In contrast, frontline educators must adapt ocean education's content to suit the local marine customs, and geographical and economic conditions, and so meet the educational requirements. A strict adherence to the national identification objectives within ocean education raises problems regarding policy implementation. By denying the existence of marine culture in Taiwan, Taiwan's ocean education policy has been assigned a utopian mission that is too radical to be achieved.</p>","PeriodicalId":101168,"journal":{"name":"Sociology Lens","volume":"37 4","pages":"531-544"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142862386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Predictors of Desertion: Analysis of the First Michigan Colored Infantry in the American Civil War 开小差的预测因素：美国内战中密歇根州第一有色人种步兵团的分析
Sociology Lens Pub Date : 2024-10-19 DOI: 10.1111/johs.12476
Steven Stack, Barbara Bowman
{"title":"Predictors of Desertion: Analysis of the First Michigan Colored Infantry in the American Civil War","authors":"Steven Stack,&nbsp;Barbara Bowman","doi":"10.1111/johs.12476","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/johs.12476","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Over 180,000 black soldiers served in the Union Army in the American Civil War. They endured horrific deprivation and disease, and also substantial institutional discrimination in such areas as wage and promotion. Nevertheless, most never deserted their duties as soldiers. However, it is not clear what distinguished those who did desert from their counterparts. The present case-control study fills this gap. It applies social bonds theory to explain desertion among blacks. The general hypothesis is the greater the bonds or stakes to the military unit, the lower the risk of desertion. Data refer to the First Michigan Colored Infantry (First Michigan) and are from the Bentley Historical Library, University of Michigan. They refer to the population of all 189 deserters in the First Michigan and a comparison group of non-deserters. Available measures of social bonds include substitute status (substitutes received a bounty upon completion of service), receiving a wound (having “skin in the game”), and noncommissioned officer status. In addition, loyalty to family is framed as a risk factor. The dependent variable is desertion, a dichotomy (0,1). Results are adjusted for other measurable variables. A multivariate logistic regression analysis determined that measures of military social bonds were protective factors against desertion. Substitutes were 73% less apt, wounded soldiers 93% less apt, and noncommissioned officers were 79% less apt to desert than their counterparts. However, family bonds were a risk factor. The model correctly classified 77.95% of the cases. The results largely support a social bonds theory of deviance, but also may support views of the conflicting bonds between family and state as increasing desertion. The investigation is the first quantitative study of desertion among blacks in the Civil War.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":101168,"journal":{"name":"Sociology Lens","volume":"37 4","pages":"556-572"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142861685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
From Roots to Routes: Transnational Spaces and Identities of Syrian Youth Within Everyday Geographies of Istanbul 从根源到路线：伊斯坦布尔日常地理中的叙利亚青年的跨国空间和身份
Sociology Lens Pub Date : 2024-09-28 DOI: 10.1111/johs.12475
Şeyma Ayyildiz
{"title":"From Roots to Routes: Transnational Spaces and Identities of Syrian Youth Within Everyday Geographies of Istanbul","authors":"Şeyma Ayyildiz","doi":"10.1111/johs.12475","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/johs.12475","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This article highlights the importance of understanding migration beyond past and present negotiations, arguing that Syrian students' everyday geographies are crucial for negotiating the future, contributing to the ongoing discourse on spatiality and migration studies. Space-based interactions are constructing the future of young migrants both within national and international contexts. This study utilized virtual ethnographies, in-depth interviews, and participant observations in Istanbul to explore the everyday experiences of Syrian students, providing insights into their future and current routes. It employs Massey's concepts of routes and roots, recognizing the duality between them from sociological and human geographical perspectives. It is discussed that understanding roots and routes can be achieved through an intersectional approach that integrates religion, education, age, and gender. This research study argues that categorizing students as local or global is insufficient due to the intertwining of perceptions of space with local and global dynamics in the context of multiple identities.</p>","PeriodicalId":101168,"journal":{"name":"Sociology Lens","volume":"37 4","pages":"517-530"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142862357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Sufi Warriorism in Muslim Southeast Asia 东南亚穆斯林的苏菲勇士主义
Sociology Lens Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.1111/johs.12474
Khairudin Aljunied
{"title":"Sufi Warriorism in Muslim Southeast Asia","authors":"Khairudin Aljunied","doi":"10.1111/johs.12474","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/johs.12474","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Sufism (<i>tasawwuf</i>) has been characterized in the extant literature as a pacifist strand in Islam that has shaped the landscapes of Muslim Southeast Asia (also known as the Malay World) since the last five hundred years. This article challenges such historiographical interpretation by examining the multifarious circumstances that motivated Sufis to invoke <i>jihad</i> (struggle) and <i>perang sabil</i> (holy war) in many junctures of the region's past in pursuit of imperial, ideological, material, and communal interests. Using a set of illustrative vignettes spanning a few centuries, this article positions “Sufi warriorism” as a useful concept for scholars to make sense of a variety of aggressive actions carried out by Sufis. It further proposes a typology that demonstrates how the three main expressions of Sufi warriorism—protagonist, protectionist, and purist—were instrumental in shaping the careers of states and societies in Muslim Southeast Asia.</p>","PeriodicalId":101168,"journal":{"name":"Sociology Lens","volume":"37 4","pages":"502-516"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/johs.12474","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142862087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Sociological and Political Origins in IBN Khaldun's State Theory 伊本-哈勒敦国家理论中的社会学和政治学渊源
Sociology Lens Pub Date : 2024-08-11 DOI: 10.1111/johs.12473
Demokaan Demirel
{"title":"Sociological and Political Origins in IBN Khaldun's State Theory","authors":"Demokaan Demirel","doi":"10.1111/johs.12473","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/johs.12473","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Even after centuries, the social and political insights of Islamic scholar Ibn Khaldun remain pertinent. The most important concepts in state theory are social interactions and classifications. Khaldun used sociological deductions to evaluate how society and the state have changed. He linked the transformation of the Badavi social structure to the Hadari society's economic structure through Alm Al-Umran. In Badavi Alm Al-Umran, a particular chief's leadership is the cornerstone of governance, and a strong sense of unity and brotherhood prevails. From a social, cultural, and economic perspective, Badavi society is less developed than Hadari society. The reason Asabiyyahh and the lineage Asabiyyahh are two types of Asabiyyahh that serve as the cornerstone of state theory. While the reason Asabiyyahh is based on a country's shared language, history, culture, and physical location, the lineage Asabiyyahh is based on ancestry. Asabiyyahh is crucial to the maintaining and preserving of social ties. According to the organismic perspective of society, which views the social structure as a living organism, a reduction in economic and social upheaval signals the implosion of the condition. The fundamental dynamic that provides political legitimacy is the Asabiyyahh dynamic, which creates the social substructure of the state system. This study aims to assess the scientific concept of umran and the political idea of asabiyyahh, which are the foundations of Khaldun's state theory. Umran is a social phenomenon. This study applies the literature review approach to analyze Khaldun's state theory, paying particular attention to its political and administrative aspects. The political and administrative aspects of Khaldun's state theory are examined in this study using a literature review approach, focusing on how social structure integration or loosening affects the political structure.</p>","PeriodicalId":101168,"journal":{"name":"Sociology Lens","volume":"37 3","pages":"468-479"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142158647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Making “Enemies”: Industry-State Subterfuge and US Fair Trade Practices Towards Non-Market Economies Since 1960 制造 "敌人"：1960 年以来美国对非市场经济国家的产业-国家潜规则和公平贸易实践
Sociology Lens Pub Date : 2024-08-06 DOI: 10.1111/johs.12472
John P. Bassney
{"title":"Making “Enemies”: Industry-State Subterfuge and US Fair Trade Practices Towards Non-Market Economies Since 1960","authors":"John P. Bassney","doi":"10.1111/johs.12472","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/johs.12472","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Studies on US “non-market economy” (NME) antidumping (AD) policy frame its origins as either an ideological relic of the Cold War or as a case of regulatory capture informed by strategic filing patterns. While these insights are invaluable, they do not address the underlying social processes which inform the creation of economic concepts in the first instance. NME policy evolved out of the legal-discursive tactics employed by the US steel industry hoping to receive relief from imports, and a US state which had to simultaneously provide a form of protection to the steel industry and maintain an international commitment to free trade. Steel and the state used legal subterfuge to achieve these goals. Accordingly, NME policy developed from the institutional struggle between two stakeholders in a strategic action field.</p>","PeriodicalId":101168,"journal":{"name":"Sociology Lens","volume":"37 3","pages":"423-446"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/johs.12472","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142158600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Public Discourse on the Israel-Hamas War 2023: A Comparative Analysis of Lithuania and the United Kingdom 关于 2023 年以色列-哈马斯战争的公众言论：立陶宛与英国的比较分析
Sociology Lens Pub Date : 2024-08-06 DOI: 10.1111/johs.12471
Rūta Sutkutė
{"title":"Public Discourse on the Israel-Hamas War 2023: A Comparative Analysis of Lithuania and the United Kingdom","authors":"Rūta Sutkutė","doi":"10.1111/johs.12471","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/johs.12471","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The conflict between the Israeli government and Hamas escalated on 7th October 2023, with the media playing an unprecedented role in shaping the perceptions and narratives surrounding the ongoing tensions. The portrayal by the media, often mirroring global viewpoints and biases, has significantly influenced public opinion and international stances, serving as a catalyst for political, diplomatic, and humanitarian interventions. The aim of the study is to analyze the formation of discourse on the Israel-Hamas war (2023) within the media landscapes of Lithuania and the United Kingdom, emphasizing the role of national broadcasters and uncovering the primary disparities in the information provided by online news portals <i>lrt.lt</i> and <i>bbc.com</i>. Employing the qualitative content analysis method, the study provides comprehensive insights into the subject matter. Moreover, it highlights the approaches of the Lithuanian and UK governments towards security discourse in Europe and their concerns regarding humanitarian aid for the Gaza Strip. The study is relevant to shed light on how political decisions and public opinion influence the international community's support for various actors in the conflict, including the manifestation of Islamophobic and antisemitic sentiments.</p>","PeriodicalId":101168,"journal":{"name":"Sociology Lens","volume":"37 3","pages":"371-392"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142158601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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