Sociology Lens最新文献

{"title":"Palaces for a New Spain Nobility: Between Creole Identity and Academicism","authors":"Pedro Luengo","doi":"10.1111/johs.12482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/johs.12482","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Mexico City and Havana had a significant number of noble palaces during the eighteenth century. Until now, the dearth of historical documentation on their construction has hampered any approximation, requiring other methodologies. Here, it is intended to establish how a new visual code was defined, consistent both with their local style and international modernity. To this end, a formal analysis has been prepared with statistical tools of both the buildings and the preserved projects, complementing the study with known and unpublished historical documentation. After defining the general context, the analysis of the palace proposals designed by Silvestre Pérez from Madrid for the Count of Buenavista in Havana and for the Marquis del Apartado in Mexico City is addressed. Neither of them were carried out, despite the probable economic viability. This would point to a rejection caused by functional or esthetic issues, which links with the initial analyses. Thus, this study intends not only to offer a more in-depth overview of the phenomenon but also to reach conclusions that can be extrapolated to other periods.</p>","PeriodicalId":101168,"journal":{"name":"Sociology Lens","volume":"38 1","pages":"75-86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/johs.12482","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143622698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Working at Boimondau: A Community Experience","authors":"Michel Lallement","doi":"10.1111/johs.12491","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/johs.12491","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In the 1940s and 1950s, France witnessed the emergence of labor communities whose ambition was to escape capitalism and abolish wage labor. This article focuses on Boimondau, the best-known community at the time. In terms of work, the central activity in the life of the community, two main tensions lastingly structured the collective and caused it to evolve to the point of eroding the original project. The first concerns the relationship between the goal of attractive and cheerful work and an active practice of Taylorian-inspired work rationalization. The second involves an opposition between the promise of freedom and democracy through work, and the administration of social justice through recognition of the value of everyone’s work.</p>","PeriodicalId":101168,"journal":{"name":"Sociology Lens","volume":"38 1","pages":"66-74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/johs.12491","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143622718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing Caste and Race: A Terrible Idea","authors":"Satanik Pal","doi":"10.1111/johs.12489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/johs.12489","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Isabel Wilkerson's recent publication has sparked an academic debate regarding the true nature of social hierarchies in South Asia and the West. This article conducts a comparative historical sociology of caste in South Asia, and race in the US, to demonstrate structural differences between these two modes of social stratification. Although caste groups in South Asia had greater possibilities of social mobility and intermarriages, interracial sex and marriage were legally prevented between Whites and non-Whites in the United States. This was because most castes in South Asia were thought to have common origins in the Brahmin caste, whereas most races were thought to have emerged from different species. Furthermore, caste hierarchies often depended on the discretion and power of locally dominant castes, whereas racial hierarchies were legally established through pseudo-scientific theories and enforced in the United States through state authorities. These divergences in their respective trajectories of development and endurance present to us, a more comprehensive understanding of how caste and race were different in their respective configurations. This is also why sweeping generalizations on such forms of social stratification were discouraged by social scientists such as Cox and Ambedkar.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":101168,"journal":{"name":"Sociology Lens","volume":"38 1","pages":"55-65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143622461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Book Translations From Chinese to English: The Center–Periphery Relationship in the World System of Book Translations","authors":"Jing Wu","doi":"10.1111/johs.12487","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/johs.12487","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>By collating and analyzing various datasets, this paper gives a statistical overview of the flow of Chinese to English book translations, analyzing the asymmetrical structure of the global flow of book translations and the positions of Chinese and English within it. It firstly portrays the asymmetries of China/Chinese and Anglo-American countries/English in the international exchange of book translations and in the copyright trade, reviewing the center–periphery relationship between Chinese and English in the international book market. Based on UK national book statistics, it then illustrates the general picture of the production of Chinese books translated in English in the UK, analyzing the publishing trends from 1949 to 2020, Chinese translated books published in the UK, and publishers involved in translating from Chinese to English.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":101168,"journal":{"name":"Sociology Lens","volume":"38 1","pages":"41-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143622442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable Sociability: Allowing Sociability Through Door Design in the Age of Social Media, a Practical Exploration of Modularity With Traditional Techniques","authors":"Xahra Hafeez,&nbsp;Sana Hafeez","doi":"10.1111/johs.12488","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/johs.12488","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This research presents the development of innovative modular doors specifically designed to foster interpersonal connections in digital environment of today. The door is analyzed both as a symbol and as a site of projective identification, exploring how it represents emotional or psychological states and how people may project their identity onto it. The present analysis looks at thresholds and doors in cultural anthropology and how they impact human behaviors due to their shape, form and function in variety of cultures and different time periods. The second aspect of the research deals with the designing of modular doors which cater to our current social needs. These doors create opportunities by integrating flexible, open designs that reduce acoustic and visual barriers for spontaneous interactions. Making social engagement more natural and frequent while keeping a balance between connectivity and privacy. The findings suggest that such designs can play a crucial role in promoting more meaningful face-to-face interactions. It also brings the focus back from industrial and mass-produced products to handmade pieces by using sustainable materials, locally sourced and crafted by artisans in Pakistan.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":101168,"journal":{"name":"Sociology Lens","volume":"38 1","pages":"31-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143622437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Place of History in British Criminology: 20th-Century Developments","authors":"Roberto Catello","doi":"10.1111/johs.12486","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/johs.12486","url":null,"abstract":"<p>While the relevance of historical research and analysis for the development of a critical criminology in the United States in the 1970s has recently received some attention by historical criminologists, the place of history in British criminology—and British critical criminology in particular—remains a largely unexplored area of academic inquiry. This article fills this gap in the history of historical criminology by reviewing the uses of history in British criminology before and after the emergence of critical criminology in the 1970s. The article first reviews the precritical uses of history found in the writings of the key figures responsible for the establishment of academic criminology in Britain in the mid-20th century, namely, Leon Radzinowicz, Hermann Mannheim, and Max Grünhut. These scholars made a valuable contribution to the historical study of crime but the criminological <i>zeitgeist</i> of their time prevented them from outlining a manifesto for a <i>historical criminology</i>. The article then proceeds to show that the critique of <i>ahistorical criminology</i> instigated by critical criminologists in Britain during the 1970s was born out of attempts to <i>historicize the sociology of deviance</i>. Lastly, the article goes on to argue that the <i>new criminology</i> envisioned by Ian Taylor, Paul Walton, and Jock Young was instrumental in advancing a conception of critical criminology that is indistinguishable from a fully historical criminology.</p>","PeriodicalId":101168,"journal":{"name":"Sociology Lens","volume":"38 1","pages":"16-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/johs.12486","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143622687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Ritual of Homebuying in Desert Cities: A Visual Ethnography","authors":"Brian F. O'Neill,&nbsp;Eliza Benites-Gambirazio","doi":"10.1111/johs.12484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/johs.12484","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The process of home-buying is commonly discussed and understood in terms of both asset acquisition and its connection to speculative financial practices utilized to attempt to correct for structural market crises. These dimensions further the possibilities for potential wealth accumulation that assist individuals, families, and corporate actors. This visual essay, emerging out of a decade-long investigation of the housing market in the American state of Arizona, USA, is the result of a collaboration between a visual ethnographer and a sociologist, which aimed to nuance an understanding of housing markets along social, spatial, and historical axes. The essay reveals connections between interpersonal dynamics of taste-making and, contrary to dominant liberal economic logic, the sometimes-limited horizons of choices for families attempting to engage in what we describe as “the ritual of homebuying.” Socially and historically, we discuss how the practice involves the enlistment of a number of peripheral actors attempting to facilitate the home-buying process who use tactics to draw families into the housing market. Spatially, families with aspiring middle-class values are, often enough, driven to peripheral urban and suburban zones to try to align their budgets and their ideals. Ultimately then, what turns out to be decisive is the narrow set of parameters as defined by the web of actors inside the real estate market, rather than, as some agents within the real estate industry abstractly argue, “what the market will bear.” Put differently, what the market will bear is narrowly defined choices that intersect with cultural values.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":101168,"journal":{"name":"Sociology Lens","volume":"37 4","pages":"609-623"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142860530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Autism Speaks for Whom? Neoliberalism, Nonprofit Infrastructure, and the Economics of Autism Advocacy","authors":"James Samuel Kizer","doi":"10.1111/johs.12481","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/johs.12481","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Arguably one of the best current examples of the nonprofit industrial complex in action, Autism Speaks dominates public discourses surrounding autism. Autistic people and their allies have long criticized the organization's harmful ideologies, but comparatively little attention has been given to how Autism Speaks develops its ideologies in the first place. I address this gap in the sociocultural study of autism in the present paper by situating Autism Speaks within neoliberal thought and demonstrating how those logics undergird its nonprofit infrastructure. Drawing upon critical nonprofit studies and Suárez's (2020) model for the drivers and determinants of nonprofit advocacy, I argue that neoliberal notions of medicalization, bodyminds, and labor are inherently intertwined with Autism Speaks' budget, resulting in the organization's narrow framing of autism advocacy and problematic ideology about Autistic people themselves.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> A Note on Language</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>I utilize identify-first language in this essay (‘Autistic person’ instead of ‘person with autism’) to reflect the growing consensus among Autistic people that doing so is semantically necessary. Autism is not an experience that can be isolated from the person experiencing it, rendering person-first language problematic because “with autism” is a prepositional phrase that can be removed without changing the sentence meaning. But Autism <i>is</i> the meaning! Being Autistic is simultaneously salient, corporeal, discursive, and analytical; it is intrinsic to the bodyminds who possess it, which also makes it always already political. In a similar vein, I use capital-A “Autistic” when referencing Autistic people to encapsulate its political significance. See Brown (2011) and “The A Word” (2009).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":101168,"journal":{"name":"Sociology Lens","volume":"37 4","pages":"592-600"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/johs.12481","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142860305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Original Dualisms Labor Law and Casual Work in Portugal and Romania (1920s–1960s)","authors":"Adrian Grama","doi":"10.1111/johs.12485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/johs.12485","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This article argues that any historical explanation of the emergence of dualism in the labor market should take labor law seriously for two intertwined reasons: first, because before there could be a dualism of insiders and outsiders in the market, there was an original dualism inscribed in statutory legislation covering employment contracts; and second because before there could be a neat distinction between a primary and a secondary sector, there was a prevailing legal hierarchy that rewarded the stability of the most stable employees while concomitantly rescinding protection from casual workers. The article asks how these original dualisms were overcome during the better half of the twentieth century, and what mechanisms might explain the eventual collapse of the legal distinctions between various types of employees and the differential distribution of rights that came with it. Empirically, the article draws comparatively on the social and legal history of Portugal and Romania from the 1920s to the 1960s to propose a historically rich and conceptually fresh interpretation of the emergence of “standard employment” on the two peripheries of Europe.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":101168,"journal":{"name":"Sociology Lens","volume":"38 1","pages":"2-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143622319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In the Footsteps of Krste P. Misirkov: Tracing the Roots of Macedonian Sociological Discourse","authors":"Ganka Cvetanova","doi":"10.1111/johs.12483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/johs.12483","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Misirkov is one of the most eminent figures in Macedonian national history. He made significant contributions as a Slavist, historian, folklorist, and ethnographer. In his seminal work, “On Macedonian Matters” (1903), Misirkov presented his theoretical and scientific views on the Macedonian question. He made a groundbreaking attempt to standardize the Macedonian language, offering both a linguistic and sociological exploration of its role in establishing political legitimacy for the Macedonian ethnocultural entity. His comprehensive treatment of other critical aspects, including the cultural identity, sense of common belonging, and the need for a separate political unit, aligns with the foundational principles of modern nations. Introducing novel ideas and frameworks, Misirkov significantly contributed to understanding Macedonian ethnocultural distinctiveness, crucial for the nation-building process. This paper emphasizes Misirkov's overlooked role as the founder of Macedonian sociological discourse, drawing parallels with modernist theories about nation and nationalism and analyzing his method through the concept of sociological imagination. Despite the enduring impact of his work, this pioneering aspect remains unexplored in academic research, addressing a significant gap in understanding Misirkov's contributions to Macedonian sociological thought.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":101168,"journal":{"name":"Sociology Lens","volume":"37 4","pages":"601-608"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142862342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}