{"title":"Changes in red cell and platelet antigen strength during storage","authors":"Marcus B. Simpson Jr MD","doi":"10.1016/0278-6222(88)90003-4","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0278-6222(88)90003-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The limited available data indicate that platelet antigens A, B, 2H, Pl<sup>al</sup>, and HLA-I show no change in reactivity during a 10-day period of storage as routine platelet concentrates. At the molecular level, the lack of change in Pl<sup>al</sup> is consistent with the minimal changes in platelet glycoprotein III during storage. The reported deterioration of GPI suggests that Pl<sup>el</sup> might be altered during storage, while the stability of GPII would suggest that Lek<sup>a</sup> (Bak<sup>a</sup>) may show stability paralleling Pl<sup>al</sup>. Known changes in red cell antigens during routine storage include a decrease of Pl and Lewis expression, but variable results have been reported for A, B, D, E, c, K, k, Fy<sup>a</sup>, Fy<sup>b</sup>, Jk<sup>a</sup>, M, S and U. The causes for altered red cell antigen expression remain poorly understood but may involve shedding of membrane vesicles during aging. The possible roles of senescent and storage-related neoantigens remain speculative.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101030,"journal":{"name":"Plasma Therapy and Transfusion Technology","volume":"9 3","pages":"Pages 275-281"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0278-6222(88)90003-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76518758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comparison of manual and machine plasmapheresis techniques","authors":"G. Rock , N. McCombie , V. Fuller , P. Tittley","doi":"10.1016/0278-6222(88)90011-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0278-6222(88)90011-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>While the benefits of automated plasmapheresis have been described, little data is available to compare it to manual plasmapheresis. We therefore compared standard manual techniques (MP) with three automated devices (AP), Haemonetics<sup>®</sup> Models V50 and PCS, and the HemaScience Autopheresis-C<sup>™</sup> (HA). Plasma protein concentrations were 56 ± 4 g/L for MP, 63 ± 2 g/L for the V50, 59 ± 5 g/L for the PCS and 63 ± 5 g/L for the HA. Factor VIII recoveries averaged 105 ± 23 U/dL for the MP, 91 ± 18 U/dL and 125 ± 25 U/dL for the V50 (PPP and PRP modes) 95 ± 27 U/dL for the PCS and 121 ± 22 U/dL for the HA, showing a statistically significant difference (<em>P</em> < 0.05) between manual and automated procedures. Percentage recovery of activity in the cryoprecipitate was similar, giving 337 ± 80 U or 63% for MP, 262 ±70 U or 57% for V50, 252 ± 60 U or 57% for PCS and 367 ± 110 U or 59% for HA.</p><p>The plasma from MP and HA contained relatively few cells with 12 ± 5 × 10<sup>9</sup>/L and 6 ± 1 × 10<sup>9</sup>/L platelets; the V50 plasma (PPP mode) contained an average of 103 ± 4 × 10<sup>9</sup>/L platelets whereas the PCS plasma had 51 ± 22 × 10<sup>9</sup>/L. β-Thromboglobulin levels were significantly elevated in the plasma from the V50. Automated procedures took only 30–40 min whereas the manual procedures took a minimum of 2 hr. While different economic factors will affect the choice of methodology, there is considerable benefit to the use of certain automated devices rather than the widely used manual method for the collection of plasma.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101030,"journal":{"name":"Plasma Therapy and Transfusion Technology","volume":"9 4","pages":"Pages 337-342"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0278-6222(88)90011-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84941021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Platelet yield varies but in vitro function is maintained after leukocyte removal using terumo imugard™ filter and cutter Leukotrap™","authors":"A. Gerber, U.E. Nydegger","doi":"10.1016/S0278-6222(87)80051-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0278-6222(87)80051-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In order to investigate whether current leukocyte-removing techniques have an influence on functional performance of platelets in vitro, we carried out white blood cell (WBC) removal procedures on 24 clinically prescribed platelet concentrates, 12 of them with Imugard IG-500™ cotton wool filter and 12 with centrifugation in the Leukotrap™ bag. Samples were obtained from the platelet concentrates before and subsequent to leukocyte removal and, after assessment of the platelet yield rate, tested by means of <sup>14</sup>C-serotonin-uptake and aggregation response towards collagen and adrenaline. Neither test system indicated significant loss of platelet function regardless of the leukocyte-removing technique used. Mean platelet yield rate in the IG-500™ group was 86% (SD ± 8.4) compared with 77% (SD ± 6.1) in the group processed with Leukotrap™ (<em>P</em> < 0.01).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101030,"journal":{"name":"Plasma Therapy and Transfusion Technology","volume":"8 4","pages":"Pages 396-403"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0278-6222(87)80051-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85098098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jeane P. Hester MD , Gerard J. Ventura MD , Terry Boucher MSEE
{"title":"Platelet concentrate collection in a dual-stage channel using computer-generated algorithms for collection and prediction of yield","authors":"Jeane P. Hester MD , Gerard J. Ventura MD , Terry Boucher MSEE","doi":"10.1016/S0278-6222(87)80048-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0278-6222(87)80048-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The automated collection of single-donor platelet concentrates is described for a dual-stage channel mounted in a continuous-flow cell separation system (Spectra). Research objectives included collection of a predicted yield of leukocyte-and erythrocyte-poor platelet concentrates using computer-controlled flow rates of anticoagulated whole blood and its separated components (packed erythrocytes, platelet-poor plasma, and platelet concentrates). To achieve these objectives, mathematic algorithms were generated that integrated the known major biologic and procedural contributions to platelet harvesting with the design characteristics of the channel in which blood was to be processed. Data to compute these algorithms are entered into the computer prior to the collection procedure.</p><p>It was perceived that the ability to predict platelet yield would provide a tool for collecting specific cell quantities for transfusion for a given recipient. A theoretical immunologic benefit to patients receiving lymphocyte-poor platelet concentrates is postulated but remains to be established. An additional objective was that of flexibility so that the predicted yield could be collected based on either volume requirements (for pediatric patients or patients with volume restrictions) or platelet concentration requirements (for storage). The following data summarize the results of some 100 research procedures conducted with this system.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101030,"journal":{"name":"Plasma Therapy and Transfusion Technology","volume":"8 4","pages":"Pages 377-385"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0278-6222(87)80048-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91472976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Zingsem, W. Siegert, H.G. Heuft, C. Frenzel, E. Baumgarten, G. Henze, D. Huhn, R. Eckstein
{"title":"A new technique for peripheral stem cell separation","authors":"J. Zingsem, W. Siegert, H.G. Heuft, C. Frenzel, E. Baumgarten, G. Henze, D. Huhn, R. Eckstein","doi":"10.1016/S0278-6222(87)80045-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0278-6222(87)80045-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Using a Haemonetics V50.1 cell separator we compared the new lymphocyte-surge-program for peripheral stem cell preparation with the conventional combined buffy coat and Ficoll techniques. Eleven surge and four conventional separations were performed in 15 healthy cytapheresis donors who gave informed consent to the procedure. Using the conventional methods, mean recovery of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBM) was 55% in a preparation time of 80 minutes for the buffy coat and 25 minutes for the Ficoll step. Eighty percent of the PBM loss occurred during the buffy coat step, and 20% during the Ficoll procedure. In a preparation time of 105 minutes, 2500 mL peripheral blood could be processed without flow or citrate problems. The donors' red cell losses were about 100 mL packed red cells. Granulocyte depletion was about 98%, red cell depletion higher than 99% (hematocrit < 0.1%). Using the surge technique we achieved a PBM recovery of 60% (range 45% to 72%) by processing 2100 mL peripheral blood in a preparation time of only 75 minutes. The donors' red cell losses were about 8 mL of packed red cells, significantly lower (P < 0.01) compared to conventional techniques. Nevertheless, red cell contamination of the concentrates remained high (hematocrit = 1.8%). Colony-forming unit (CFU) tests showed comparable quantities of peripheral stem cells (90 colonies/10<sup>7</sup> PBM) in both separation techniques. Therefore, both techniques seem to be adequate for T-cell depletion and preparation of bone marrow for cryopreservation. Since preparing bone marrow for purging techniques requires extreme stem cell purity, the surge technique may be less suitable for those purposes due to the awkward problem of considerably higher red cell contamination, despite a shorter preparation time.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101030,"journal":{"name":"Plasma Therapy and Transfusion Technology","volume":"8 4","pages":"Pages 363-367"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0278-6222(87)80045-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85876091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rafael Ponikvar MD, Joze Drinovec MD, PhD, Janez Varl MD, Andrej Bren MD, Radoslav Kveder MD
{"title":"Adsorption and desorption of proteins on plasmafilter membrane and its effect on macromolecular sieving coefficient","authors":"Rafael Ponikvar MD, Joze Drinovec MD, PhD, Janez Varl MD, Andrej Bren MD, Radoslav Kveder MD","doi":"10.1016/S0278-6222(87)80034-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0278-6222(87)80034-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The purpose of this study was to find out the influence of adsorption and desorption of plasma proteins on the sieving coefficient during membrane plasma exchange. Adsorption and desorption of plasma proteins on plasmafilter membrane was an important feature in the study. It was more intensive with proteins with higher molecular weight (for IgG, α-2 macroglobulin, and IgM) and was not important with albumin. Sieving coefficients for IgG, α-2 macroglobulin, and IgM were unexpectedly high, while that of albumin remained within normal limits.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101030,"journal":{"name":"Plasma Therapy and Transfusion Technology","volume":"8 4","pages":"Pages 295-297"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0278-6222(87)80034-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88304753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Tichelli, A. Gratwohl, C. Nissen, A. Lori, A. Würsch, R. Wenger, B. Osterwalder, H.P. Burri, B. Speck
{"title":"ABO-incompatible bone marrow transplantation: Three methods for the removal of red blood cell antibodies","authors":"A. Tichelli, A. Gratwohl, C. Nissen, A. Lori, A. Würsch, R. Wenger, B. Osterwalder, H.P. Burri, B. Speck","doi":"10.1016/S0278-6222(87)80043-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0278-6222(87)80043-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We analyzed three different methods for removing red blood cell (RBC) antibodies in 28 patients before a major ABO-incompatible bone marrow transplantation (BMT). Six patients were treated with extensive plasma exchange. Antibody titers were lowered from 1:512 to 1:4 (median values). In ten patients antibodies were removed by extracorporeal immunoadsorption using an adsorbent column. Titers decreased from 1:128 to 1:32. In four of these ten patients plasma exchange was added to complete antibody removal. Twelve patients were treated with simple in vivo adsorption with donor-type RBCs before marrow infusion. In eight of them, titers became undetectable. Advantages and disadvantages of the three methods are discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101030,"journal":{"name":"Plasma Therapy and Transfusion Technology","volume":"8 4","pages":"Pages 355-359"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0278-6222(87)80043-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90428866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Janos G. Kadar , Peter Späth , Andrzej Gaczkowski , Kurt Oette , Helmut Borberg
{"title":"Biocompatibility studies on a clinically well-tolerated extracorporeal system","authors":"Janos G. Kadar , Peter Späth , Andrzej Gaczkowski , Kurt Oette , Helmut Borberg","doi":"10.1016/S0278-6222(87)80037-2","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0278-6222(87)80037-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A consistent repetitive change in the peripheral PMNL and monocyte counts during the clinically well-tolerated removal of LDL by SIA, using centrifugal BCS and antihuman apolipoprotein-B-antibody Sepharose 4B columns, has been observed. Also, a subsequent elevation of PMN-derived elastase-alpha 1 inhibitor-complex was found. Preliminary evidence and comparable laboratory data from other extracorporeal systems that are not biologically inert, suggest that plasma protein cascades may also be involved in the pathogenesis of these phenomena. The lack of potential clinical symptoms, in contrast to the laboratory observations, demonstrate that activation of plasma protein cascades that are not clinically relevant may occur. The long-term pathophysiologic consequences for patients treated regularly by SIA remain to be elucidated. Also, further systematic laboratory work is needed for a better understanding of the observations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101030,"journal":{"name":"Plasma Therapy and Transfusion Technology","volume":"8 4","pages":"Pages 307-318"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0278-6222(87)80037-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77375976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}