{"title":"Use of immunoadsorbent columns for antiacetylcholine receptor antibody removal from plasma of myasthenia gravis patients","authors":"Carlo Antozzi MD , Renato Mantegazza MD , Dionisio Peluchetti MD , Fulvio Baggi PhD , Paola Romagnoli PhD , Maurizio Marconi MD , Angelo Vescoyv PhD , Ferdinando Cornelio MD","doi":"10.1016/0278-6222(88)90036-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0278-6222(88)90036-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The best apheretic approach to myasthenia gravis is the selective removal of antiacetylcholine receptor antibodies (antiAchR-Ab) from plasma. A new tryptophan-linked polyvinyl-alcohol gel recently reported to be able to adsorb IgG autoantibodies semiselectively from plasma was investigated in vitro. A consistent reduction of antiAchR-Ab ranging from 76% to 100% was observed in all plasma samples tested. Various degrees of reduction of other immunoglobulins were noted. The regeneration of the immunocolumn did not reduce the efficiency in autoantibody removal. Further in vitro and in vivo investigations are needed to confirm the clinical usefulness of this promising apheretic approach to myasthenia gravis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101030,"journal":{"name":"Plasma Therapy and Transfusion Technology","volume":"9 1","pages":"Pages 73-75"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0278-6222(88)90036-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74034449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The human immunodeficiency virus and associated detection methods","authors":"Roger Y. Dodd PhD","doi":"10.1016/0278-6222(88)90048-4","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0278-6222(88)90048-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101030,"journal":{"name":"Plasma Therapy and Transfusion Technology","volume":"9 2","pages":"Pages 151-159"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0278-6222(88)90048-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73871213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Molecular biology of blood during storage","authors":"Edward L. Snyder MD","doi":"10.1016/0278-6222(88)90001-0","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0278-6222(88)90001-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101030,"journal":{"name":"Plasma Therapy and Transfusion Technology","volume":"9 3","pages":"Pages 257-258"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0278-6222(88)90001-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78632630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Exogenous human retroviruses other than HIV-1","authors":"Alan E. Williams PhD","doi":"10.1016/0278-6222(88)90053-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0278-6222(88)90053-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101030,"journal":{"name":"Plasma Therapy and Transfusion Technology","volume":"9 2","pages":"Pages 213-229"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0278-6222(88)90053-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74782459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Changes in red cell and platelet antigen strength during storage","authors":"Marcus B. Simpson Jr MD","doi":"10.1016/0278-6222(88)90003-4","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0278-6222(88)90003-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The limited available data indicate that platelet antigens A, B, 2H, Pl<sup>al</sup>, and HLA-I show no change in reactivity during a 10-day period of storage as routine platelet concentrates. At the molecular level, the lack of change in Pl<sup>al</sup> is consistent with the minimal changes in platelet glycoprotein III during storage. The reported deterioration of GPI suggests that Pl<sup>el</sup> might be altered during storage, while the stability of GPII would suggest that Lek<sup>a</sup> (Bak<sup>a</sup>) may show stability paralleling Pl<sup>al</sup>. Known changes in red cell antigens during routine storage include a decrease of Pl and Lewis expression, but variable results have been reported for A, B, D, E, c, K, k, Fy<sup>a</sup>, Fy<sup>b</sup>, Jk<sup>a</sup>, M, S and U. The causes for altered red cell antigen expression remain poorly understood but may involve shedding of membrane vesicles during aging. The possible roles of senescent and storage-related neoantigens remain speculative.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101030,"journal":{"name":"Plasma Therapy and Transfusion Technology","volume":"9 3","pages":"Pages 275-281"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0278-6222(88)90003-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76518758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comparison of manual and machine plasmapheresis techniques","authors":"G. Rock , N. McCombie , V. Fuller , P. Tittley","doi":"10.1016/0278-6222(88)90011-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0278-6222(88)90011-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>While the benefits of automated plasmapheresis have been described, little data is available to compare it to manual plasmapheresis. We therefore compared standard manual techniques (MP) with three automated devices (AP), Haemonetics<sup>®</sup> Models V50 and PCS, and the HemaScience Autopheresis-C<sup>™</sup> (HA). Plasma protein concentrations were 56 ± 4 g/L for MP, 63 ± 2 g/L for the V50, 59 ± 5 g/L for the PCS and 63 ± 5 g/L for the HA. Factor VIII recoveries averaged 105 ± 23 U/dL for the MP, 91 ± 18 U/dL and 125 ± 25 U/dL for the V50 (PPP and PRP modes) 95 ± 27 U/dL for the PCS and 121 ± 22 U/dL for the HA, showing a statistically significant difference (<em>P</em> < 0.05) between manual and automated procedures. Percentage recovery of activity in the cryoprecipitate was similar, giving 337 ± 80 U or 63% for MP, 262 ±70 U or 57% for V50, 252 ± 60 U or 57% for PCS and 367 ± 110 U or 59% for HA.</p><p>The plasma from MP and HA contained relatively few cells with 12 ± 5 × 10<sup>9</sup>/L and 6 ± 1 × 10<sup>9</sup>/L platelets; the V50 plasma (PPP mode) contained an average of 103 ± 4 × 10<sup>9</sup>/L platelets whereas the PCS plasma had 51 ± 22 × 10<sup>9</sup>/L. β-Thromboglobulin levels were significantly elevated in the plasma from the V50. Automated procedures took only 30–40 min whereas the manual procedures took a minimum of 2 hr. While different economic factors will affect the choice of methodology, there is considerable benefit to the use of certain automated devices rather than the widely used manual method for the collection of plasma.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101030,"journal":{"name":"Plasma Therapy and Transfusion Technology","volume":"9 4","pages":"Pages 337-342"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0278-6222(88)90011-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84941021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The molecular pathobiology of stored neutrophils","authors":"Lewis Glasser MD","doi":"10.1016/0278-6222(88)90005-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0278-6222(88)90005-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The neutrophil is a short-lived cell because it has limited biosynthetic capacity to repair and maintain its component parts. Studies on neutrophil storage show generalized defects involving energy metabolism, phagocytosis, microbial killing, chemotaxis, membrane receptors, microtubules, microfilaments, and stimulus—response coupling. Some storage conditions are more detrimental to certain functions than others, e.g. cold induces a severe chemotactic defect. Thus, room temperature storage is preferable to refrigerated storage. For optimal storage, it is necessary to have sufficient glucose in the medium and to maintain an adequate pH. During storage, a dismantling of the functional integrity of the cell occurs with the most highly integrated functions being lost initially, while primitive functions are retained the longest. With minor exceptions, the generalized metabolic, structural, and functional defects noted in stored neutrophils are not peculiar to storage but most likely mirror the inexorable <em>in vivo</em> programmed senescence of the neutrophil.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101030,"journal":{"name":"Plasma Therapy and Transfusion Technology","volume":"9 3","pages":"Pages 295-302"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0278-6222(88)90005-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82943425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}