Next Nanotechnology最新文献

{"title":"Advancements in nanostructured drug delivery systems: Innovations in targeted therapy and multifunctional nanomaterials","authors":"Pavithran Kumar ,&nbsp;Pasiyappazham Ramasamy ,&nbsp;Manjunathan Jagadeesan","doi":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2026.100381","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2026.100381","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recent advancements in nanotechnology have highlighted the potential of nanoparticles in medical applications. This is especially true for targeted drug delivery systems. Nanoparticles offer unique characteristics, such as stable ligand interactions, varied sizes and shapes, and high carrier capacities. These features make them ideal for carrying both hydrophilic and hydrophobic substances in disease therapy. Novel therapeutic nanostructures have shown promise in targeted drug delivery. They offer superior carrier capacity, specific targeting, and low toxicity. These advancements have led to significant improvements in stability and absorption efficiency. They also enhance the ability to reach cellular and intracellular targets with greater effectiveness. However, there are complex issues regarding toxicity, safety, and production scale of nanoparticles. Resolving these problems could lead to clinical treatments based on laboratory successes. The next generation of medication delivery systems could benefit from personalized therapeutic techniques combined with smart nanomaterials. The main aim of this review is to explore recent developments in the design, synthesis, and optimization of therapeutic nanoparticles. This includes understanding their size, shape, and multifunctional properties to enhance the effectiveness of drug delivery. This review covers various methods for designing and characterizing nanoparticles. It focuses on optimizing nanostructures for enhanced drug delivery. The synthesis techniques, analysis methods, and potential modifications of nanoparticle characterization are discussed. Properly synthesized and optimized therapeutic nanoparticles represent a significant breakthrough in the field of drug delivery systems. Their ability to overcome the limitations of traditional therapies holds promise for future medical applications. Further research into their characterization and development will enhance clinical relevance and ensure safe, effective use in therapeutic settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100959,"journal":{"name":"Next Nanotechnology","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100381"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146188010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biocompatible and ecofriendly selenium nanoparticles in diabetes and wound healing","authors":"Kainat Mirza ,&nbsp;Laiba Hasan ,&nbsp;Mehak Pracha ,&nbsp;Tanveer Ahmad ,&nbsp;Meryam Sardar","doi":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2026.100366","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2026.100366","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present study reports the synthesis of Selenium nanoparticles (Se-NPs) through an eco-friendly method using guava leaf extract for their application in diabetes and wound healing. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, Transmission electron microscopy, and Dynamic light scattering. TEM revealed the spherical morphology of Se-NPs and a size range of 2–5 nm. The Se-NPs inhibit carbohydrate digestive enzymes (alpha-amylase and glucosidase), which are key in managing intestinal glucose absorption. These Se-NPs exhibit IC50 values of 15 µg mL⁻¹ for α-amylase and 21 µg mL⁻¹ for α-glucosidase. These nanoparticles effectively adsorb glucose, and adsorption increases with an increase in glucose concentration. 10 mg mL⁻¹ of nanoparticles can adsorb as low as 5 mmol of glucose. The study also explored Se-NPs' ability to enhance glucose uptake by human RBCs (hRBCs), akin to insulin mechanisms. At a concentration of 20 µg mL⁻¹ of both Se-NPs and acarbose, glucose uptake by hRBCs is 83 %, which is higher than that of the standard drug acarbose (62 %). Additionally, cytotoxicity assays on human keratinocyte cells (HaCaT) demonstrated that Se-NPs have an IC50 value of 25 µg mL^−1, which shows much lower toxicity compared to sodium selenite salt (3.6 µg mL⁻¹). Further, the biocompatibility of Se-NPs was studied by measuring mitochondrial ROS, membrane potential, and cellular proliferation. In vitro wound healing assays indicated that at 15 µg mL⁻¹ of Se-NPs, around 100 % of wound closure was achieved after 15 h, whereas the control without nanoparticles showed only 37 % wound closure. Overall, this research underscores the multifaceted biomedical applications of Se-NPs synthesized via guava leaf extract, suggesting promising avenues for future therapeutic development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100959,"journal":{"name":"Next Nanotechnology","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100366"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145977239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eco-friendly synthesis of Ag/ZnO nanocomposite using Coleus amboinicus: Structural characterization and evaluation of antibacterial and anticancer activities","authors":"Muthuvel Surya ,&nbsp;Yugal Kishore Mohanta ,&nbsp;Zuhair M. Mohammedsaleh ,&nbsp;Muthupandi Sankar ,&nbsp;Chellasamy Panneerselvam ,&nbsp;Vincent Savariar ,&nbsp;Muthupandian Saravanan","doi":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2025.100334","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2025.100334","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The pursuit of eco-friendly nanomaterials with both antibacterial and anticancer properties is gaining momentum in biomedical research. This study reports the green synthesis of Silver and Zinc oxide (Ag/ZnO) nanocomposite using <em>Coleus amboinicus</em> leaf extract as a natural reducing and stabilizing agent. Characterization via UV–Vis spectroscopy revealed absorption peaks at approximately 280 nm and 370 nm, indicative of Ag and ZnO nanoparticles, respectively. FTIR analysis identified phytochemical-derived functional groups responsible for particle stabilization, while SEM imaging showed agglomerated nanoparticles with diameters ranging from 100 to 150 nm. XRD analysis confirmed the crystalline nature of the nanocomposites. The biosynthesized Ag/ZnO nanocomposite exhibited potent antibacterial activity against multidrug-resistant strains including <em>Enterococcus faecalis</em>, <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em>, MRSA, and <em>Klebsiella pneumoniae</em>, with significant zones of inhibition observed at a concentration of 80 μg/mL. Furthermore, the nanocomposite displayed promising anticancer activity against A549 lung cancer cells, achieving an IC₅₀ of 60 μg/mL after 24 h, as determined by MTT assay. Morphological features of apoptosis, such as membrane blebbing and nuclear condensation, were observed, while AO/EtBr, DCFDA, and Rhodamine 123 staining confirmed elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential. These findings suggest a ROS mediated mechanism underlying the dual antibacterial and anticancer activities of the Ag/ZnO nanocomposite. This green synthesis approach provides a sustainable strategy for developing multifunctional nanomaterials, although further in vivo studies are required to confirm efficacy and elucidate the molecular mechanisms involved for future therapeutic applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100959,"journal":{"name":"Next Nanotechnology","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100334"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145799879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unlocking the bioactive potential: ZnO NPs synthesized from Chaetomorpha linum aqueous extract","authors":"Ragul Gunasekaran ,&nbsp;Krupa Jyotsnika ,&nbsp;Kamala Kannan ,&nbsp;Pitchiah Sivaperumal","doi":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2025.100346","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2025.100346","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Chaetomorpha linum</em> is a green macroalgae genus known for its unbranched cylindrical cell filaments that are typically found in sea intertidal zones. Phytochemical screening of its crude and aqueous extracts revealed the presence of bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, steroids, tannins, saponins, and alkaloids, with flavonoids and steroids predominantly present in the aqueous extract. These phytochemicals acted as reducing and stabilizing agents for the green synthesis of ZnO NPs. UV–Vis absorption at 309 nm and a bandgap of 3.63 eV confirmed the formation of ZnO NPs. FTIR analysis identified functional groups including carboxylic acids, conjugated alkenes, and sulfones, correlating with the phytochemical constituents. X-ray diffraction revealed the semi-crystalline nature of the synthesized NPs, composed of both crystalline ZnO and amorphous organic matter. SEM analysis revealed that the ZnO NPs were spherical in shape, with diameters ranging from 15 to 35 nm. EDAX revealed the elemental composition of the NPs. DLS analysis showed an average size of 86.2 nm with a polydispersity index of 0.294, and a zeta potential of –28.7 mV indicated good colloidal stability. The antibacterial efficacy of the synthesized ZnO NPs was evaluated against various bacterial strains, demonstrating significant inhibitory zones, with <em>Streptococcus mutans</em> being the most susceptible among the tested strains. Furthermore, a protein denaturation assay revealed that the <em>Chaetomorpha linum</em> extract has dose-dependent anti-inflammatory activities, highlighting its potential for inflammation reduction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100959,"journal":{"name":"Next Nanotechnology","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100346"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145799935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial intelligence-driven insights into silver-doped zinc ferrite (SI=25): Advancing biofilm control, drug delivery, and tissue engineering for cancer therapy","authors":"B. Jyothish ,&nbsp;John Jacob","doi":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2025.100351","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2025.100351","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study synthesizes silver-doped zinc ferrite nanoparticles, comprehensively characterized using XRD, FESEM, UV-Vis, and FTIR, revealing their structural and optical properties. In vitro cytotoxicity assays on A549 lung cancer cells demonstrated a potent anticancer effect, with an LC50 of 7.1 µg/mL and a high selective index (SI) of 25. Mechanistically, the nanoparticles induced G0/G1 cell cycle arrest, significantly inhibited cell migration, and triggered enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, leading to apoptosis. Furthermore, the nanoparticles exhibited promising antioxidant properties by boosting catalase and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities, coupled with the upregulation of p53 and p21 proteins. Leveraging artificial intelligence, this research aims to predict future applications, including biofilm inhibition, tissue engineering compatibility, enhanced anticancer efficacy through targeted drug delivery, and expanded therapeutic horizons. By integrating experimental data with AI-driven modeling, this work seeks to unlock the full potential of silver-doped zinc ferrite nanoparticles for advanced biomedical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100959,"journal":{"name":"Next Nanotechnology","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100351"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145799933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bone tissue engineering and drug-eluting implants for enhanced bone regeneration: An update","authors":"Maitrayee Banerjee Mukherjee ,&nbsp;Oly Banerjee ,&nbsp;Siddhartha Singh ,&nbsp;Sandip Mukherjee","doi":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2025.100349","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2025.100349","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bone tissue engineering is an applied field of biomedical sciences which analyzes implantable bone substitutes for critical skeletal defects including geriatric decay and accidental injuries. For several years metallic drug-eluting implants have proven extraordinary prominence in orthopedics and dentistry for controlled drug release. The incorporated chemicals promote osteoconduction and angiogenesis, impeding bacterial infection and modulates host body reaction. Various types of proteins, growth factors, enzymes, anti-inflammatory drugs, non-viral genes (DNAs, RNAs) are nowadays used to treat different musculoskeletal syndromes. The scaffolds can be fabricated with different biomaterials such as biopolymers like collagen, chitosan, bioceramics like hydroxyapatite, nanocapsules, nanofibers, microcapsule, microsphere and also gel and film-based materials like hydrogel, polyelectrolyte films etc. Sustained local delivery of therapeutic agents <em>via</em> functionalized implant material has the potential to address the common intrinsic challenges of systematic drug delivery such as inadequate physiological stability.</div><div>This mini-review examines advancements in bone tissue engineering, focusing on metallic drug-eluting implants and innovative scaffold materials that support osteogenesis. By integrating localized drug delivery systems, these technologies enhance healing, reduce infection, and improve implant stability for complex bone injuries and degenerative conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100959,"journal":{"name":"Next Nanotechnology","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100349"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145799942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Graphene-based flexible SERS substrates with Ag nanohole structures for biochemical sensing","authors":"Takashi Uchino ,&nbsp;Yanjun Heng ,&nbsp;Ryoma Kumagai ,&nbsp;Shigenobu Kasai ,&nbsp;Chao Tang ,&nbsp;Hirokazu Fukidome ,&nbsp;Akira Satou ,&nbsp;Taiichi Otsuji ,&nbsp;Shuji Ikeda","doi":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2026.100384","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2026.100384","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Flexible substrates for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) are essential for practical applications, such as point-of-care testing, wearable sensing, and environmental analysis that require high sensitivity, portability, and mechanical flexibility to fit curved surfaces. To meet these demands, we developed flexible SERS substrates consisting of graphene on thin mica with Ag nanohole structures. The biosensing capability of the substrates was demonstrated using a Raman-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, in which bovine interleukin-6 was detected at concentrations as low as 50 pg/mL with a limit of detection of 6 pg/mL. The spectroscopic properties of the substrates were primarily characterized by using Raman measurements, along with scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. Raman analyses indicated that graphene contributed to the enhancement through fluorescence quenching and increased analyte adsorption associated with its hydrophobic surface. For chemical sensing of Rhodamine 6 G, we evaluated the geometrical enhancement effect of the Ag nanohole structures on mica under different Raman excitation configurations. Far-side illumination through the mica substrate increased the Raman intensity about twofold compared with near-side excitation. These results show the potential of graphene-based flexible SERS substrates for practical, high-sensitivity biochemical sensing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100959,"journal":{"name":"Next Nanotechnology","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100384"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146187329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring multi-component nanofiber architectures of ZnO, curcumin, and andrographis paniculata for advanced wound care applications","authors":"Umapathi Krishnamoorthy ,&nbsp;A. Ramjan Begam ,&nbsp;S. Keerthiga ,&nbsp;M. Sakthi kathir ,&nbsp;S. Selvaharini ,&nbsp;Sri sakthi vadivelan","doi":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2026.100362","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2026.100362","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nanofiber wound dressings (NFWDs) have become a promising biomaterial for wound care and tissue regeneration engineering. Significant factors that facilitate their reliable use in wound care includes, (i) ECM mimicry architecture, (ii) biocompatibility of polymers, (iii) capabilities for drug inclusion, (iv) biodegradability possibilities. Though single component NFWDs could provide the required structural integrity and biocompatibility, they become insufficient in satisfying the requirements of complex wound healing process which demands, simultaneous exudate absorption, maintaining moist environment, sustained drug release, antimicrobial functions, tissue regeneration. In addition, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) demands using novel and nature-derived drugs with wound dressings. Hence, multi-component wound dressing (MCWD) that integrate multiple functional components, nature derived drugs are vastly investigated to harvest the synergistic effect of its ingredient. This review investigates, the biomedical potentials of ZnO, Curcumin and Andrographis paniculata with the objective of exploring the feasibility of developing a MCWD integrating them in the form of a nano fibrous membrane. The article begins with the review of (i) wound healing potential, (ii) integrated nano fibrous realization and (iii) limitations of using ZnO nanoparticles, curcumin and Andrographis paniculata. Further, the article presents a brief introduction to electrospinning along with the methods employed for obtaining desired fiber properties. In addition, the synergistic benefits harvested by integrating the materials are presented and characterization, bio-activity testing to be conducted for validating the efficacy of a wound healing material are revealed. Finally, methods employed for addressing the limitations are presented. This article offers two-fold benefits, (i) it reveals NF fabrication methods, characterization, testing methods and (ii) presents the bio medical potentials of ZnO, Curcumin and Andrographis paniculata. Thus, this review could act as a reliable and readily understandable resource for promoting wound care research and development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100959,"journal":{"name":"Next Nanotechnology","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100362"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145926368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and characterization of lipid based solid dispersion of quassinoid enriched fraction of Simarouba glauca for enhanced lipid membrane permeability in MCF7 breast cancer cells","authors":"Vanitha Subburaj ,&nbsp;Umaa Kuppuswamy ,&nbsp;Sankar Veintraimuthu ,&nbsp;Saran Vijay ,&nbsp;Manju Velmurugan","doi":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2025.100350","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2025.100350","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div><em>Simarouba glauca</em> leaves are rich in quassinoids, known for anticancer properties. This study aimed to develop a lipid-based solid dispersion of the quassinoid-enriched fraction (LBSD-QEF) to enhance permeability in MCF7 breast cancer cells.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>LBSD-QEF of SG was prepared by hot homogenization using soy lecithin and Pluronic F68 (1:2) with varying concentrations of SGQEF.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Out of the six developed formulations, the F5 (LBSD-QEF of SG) was chosen as the best one based on the zeta potential (-33.2 mV), polydispersity index (0.413), and an average mean particle size (275 nm). It comprises 50 mg of SG quassinoid enriched fraction in addition to 1:2 ratio of lipid (12.5 mg) and surfactant (25 mg). F5 remained stable for 3 months at 4 ± 2.0°C/50 % ± 5 % RH. <em>In vitro</em> drug release F5 (LBSD-QEF of SG) showed 76 % quassinoid release in the first hour and 80 % in the second through dialysis membrane. Cellular uptake of F5 in Caco-2 cells demonstrated strong FITC signal expression. Cytotoxicity studies showed F5 had an IC₅₀ of 12.45 µg/ml against MCF7 cells, outperforming SGQEF (IC₅₀ = 35.05 µg/ml) and crude methanol extract (IC₅₀ = 49.19 µg/ml).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The developed F5 (LBSD-QEF of <em>Simarouba glauca</em>) enhances membrane permeability and exhibits greater cytotoxicity in ER+ breast cancer cells.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100959,"journal":{"name":"Next Nanotechnology","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100350"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145840923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanotechnology-driven therapeutic strategies for lambert–eaton myasthenic syndrome: Emerging drug delivery and immunomodulatory approaches","authors":"Jaghatha Therassama,&nbsp;Justus Oliver Jaslin Edward,&nbsp;Somasundaram Arumugam,&nbsp;Pavazhaviji Pazhani,&nbsp;Jose Prakash Dharmian","doi":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2026.100515","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2026.100515","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lambert–Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS) is a rare autoimmune neuromuscular disorder characterized by impaired acetylcholine release due to autoantibody-mediated targeting of presynaptic P/Q-type voltage-gated calcium channels. Although symptomatic therapies such as amifampridine and immunomodulatory agents provide clinical benefit, their efficacy is limited by short half-life, fluctuating plasma concentrations, systemic toxicity, and dose-dependent adverse effects, including seizures. These limitations highlight the need for advanced drug delivery systems. Recent advances in nanotechnology offer promising strategies to enhance therapeutic precision, bioavailability, and safety in LEMS management. Nanoparticle-based platforms including polymeric nanoparticles and lipid-based nanocarriers enable controlled drug release and improved pharmacokinetic stability, which may help maintain sustained plasma concentrations and thereby enhance drug availability at the neuromuscular junction. In addition, nanocarriers may facilitate improved transport across physiological barriers such as the Blood Nerve Barrier, potentially increasing drug accumulation at presynaptic terminals. Intranasal nanoformulations are explored as a non-invasive systemic delivery strategy, leveraging the highly vascularized nasal mucosa to enhance drug absorption and bypass hepatic first-pass metabolism, thereby improving systemic exposure rather than enabling direct central nervous system targeting. Furthermore, nano-enabled immunomodulation may allow selective suppression of pathogenic autoantibodies while minimizing systemic immunosuppression. This review provides a comprehensive overview of LEMS pathophysiology and current therapies, with a focused discussion on nanotechnology-driven approaches that may overcome existing pharmacological limitations. Future perspectives in targeted delivery, nano-immunotherapy, and biomarker-guided treatment strategies are also highlighted.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100959,"journal":{"name":"Next Nanotechnology","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100515"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148523547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}