Next Nanotechnology最新文献

{"title":"Opportunities, challenges and future prospects of carbon nanotubes-infused nanocomposite membranes in complex industrial wastewater treatment: A systematic review","authors":"S. Letlhabula ,&nbsp;O.O. Sadare ,&nbsp;S.P. Malinga ,&nbsp;K. Moothi","doi":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2025.100156","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2025.100156","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Harmful effects of wastewater have become more pronounced recently as the population experiences unprecedented growth resulting in generation of high volumes of complex wastewater. The low-level existence of Per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in the environment has caused alertness as they bioaccumulate, they are persistent and have a potential to cause endocrine disrupting in humans and animals. The other contaminants such as oils, salts and aromatics also have pronounced negative effects on humans and the ecosystems health. These contaminants are main constituents of complex industrial wastewater, which is difficult to treat as such most studies focus on treating specific contaminant or a particular class of contaminants in wastewater rather than focusing on removing all kinds of contaminants from industrial effluents. To deal with this issue of treating complex industrial effluents sophisticated novel treatment alternatives are needed. Membrane technology has proved to be an answer to this issue of complex industrial wastewater. This method is gradually replacing conventional methods in treatment of industrial wastewater as it is efficient, capable of removing both organic and inorganic contaminants, economical and environmentally friendly as compared to conventional methods. There is limited literature on treatment of complex wastewater to remove all contaminants in the wastewater. This is mainly due to the complexity of this kind of wastewater. To treat it fully, one must have complete knowledge about it, its chemistry, characteristics of its constituents and how they interact with each other. This complexity of this kind of wastewater has led to most studies in wastewater treatment focusing on one class of contaminants within wastewater. This has opened gap on information about complex wastewater and treatment methods suitable for treating this kind of wastewater. The main objective of this review is to investigate current literature on the performance of carbon nanotubes (CNTs)-infused nanocomposites membranes in the treatment of complex wastewater. Specific focus is on constituents of complex wastewater in South African freshwater bodies. Moreover, the comparisons and contrasts in performance of different treatment methods that are used to remove PFASs in water are given. The review highlights contaminants removal mechanisms of CNTs-infused nanocomposites membranes. It provides insights on how to optimize performance of nanocomposites. Economic and environmental aspects of nanocomposite membranes are discussed in this paper. This paper aims at furthering on research gaps and area of improvement in nanocomposite membrane-based treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100959,"journal":{"name":"Next Nanotechnology","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100156"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143786195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Facile one-pot synthesis of gallic acid gold nanoparticles using Ceriops tagal: In vitro anticancer and in silico DFT studies","authors":"Sachithanandam Veeraragavan ,&nbsp;Prabakaran Annadurai ,&nbsp;Ranjita Misra ,&nbsp;Thayalaraj Christopher Jeyakumar ,&nbsp;Muthukrishnan Pitchaipillai ,&nbsp;Sridhar Rengarajan ,&nbsp;Ramamoorthy Raghuraman ,&nbsp;Purvaja Ramachandran ,&nbsp;Parthiban Anaikutti","doi":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2025.100165","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2025.100165","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recent advancements in targeted cancer therapy have been propelled by the integration of nanotechnology and natural compounds. Gallic acid (GA), a natural phenolic compound found in various plants, exhibits significant anticancer properties, including apoptosis induction, cell cycle arrest, and anti-metastasis effects. However, its therapeutic application is constrained by low bioavailability and rapid systemic clearance. To address these limitations, the present study aimed to prepare GA-loaded nanoparticles (GA-AuNPs) for anticancer applications. Here, the (GA-AuNPs were synthesized using <em>Ceriops tagal</em> via a green method and characterized through multiple analytical techniques. A strong surface plasmon resonance (SPR) band observed at 536 nm in the UV-Vis spectrum confirmed the formation of AuNPs. The plant-mediated synthesis leveraged reducing agents such as phenols, alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, and anthocyanins present in <em>Ceriops tagal</em>. FT-IR analysis revealed that the acid groups of GA were electrostatically bound to the nanoparticle surface. Moreover, the P-XRD analysis demonstrated that the GA-AuNPs possessed a face-centered cubic structure, and DFT analysis indicated that GA facilitated the reduction of Au³ ⁺ ions to Au⁰. Further, the antiproliferative activity of GA-AuNPs showed significant anticancer effects on lung cancer (A549) and cervical cancer (HeLa) cells, with IC₅₀ values of 79.9 µg/mL and 73 µg/mL, respectively. These findings suggest that GA-AuNPs effectively inhibit the growth of cancer cells and could serve as antioxidant-rich, plant-derived sources for biomedical applications, particularly in cancer therapy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100959,"journal":{"name":"Next Nanotechnology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100165"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143838098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tunable magnetic behavior and structure property correlation in YBi₁₋ₓLaₓO₃ (0.00 ≤ x ≤ 0.05): A pathway to nanomagnetic application","authors":"Neeraj Dahiya ,&nbsp;Vikas Malik ,&nbsp;Nisha Chandna ,&nbsp;Divyanshu Bhattnagar ,&nbsp;Neeti Keswani","doi":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2025.100161","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2025.100161","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The synthesis of both pristine and lanthanum (La)-doped YBiO₃ (YBO) samples was efficiently carried out via the co-precipitation approach.Yttrium nitrate, bismuth nitrate and lanthanum nitrate salts experienced a chemical reaction at pH 8 and 60 °C temperature, forming a nanometer-sized precipitates, which took polycrystalline form after calcination treatment. The X-ray diffraction examination revealed that these particles existed in single phase and possess face centered cubic (FCC) structure. SEM microscopy elucidated a steady growth in grain size as the concentration of lanthanum was raised. Evolution of magnetic properties in YBi_1-xLa_xO₃(0.00 ≤x ≤ 0.05) specimens have been investigated using MPMS SQUID magnetometer. The thermo-magnetization data study suggested the presence of magnetic domains within YBi_1-xLa_xO₃ (0.00 ≤ x ≤ 0.05). Moreover, magnetic hysteresis loop measurements performed at 2 K also showed existence of weak ferromagnetism in YBi_1-xLa_xO₃ (0.00 ≤ x ≤ 0.05).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100959,"journal":{"name":"Next Nanotechnology","volume":"7 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143776815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced systemic delivery of mirtazapine through transdermal drug-in-adhesive matrix: A sustained-release approach","authors":"Ram Satpute ,&nbsp;Pramod.S. Salve ,&nbsp;Mohammad Qutub ,&nbsp;Ujban Md Hussain Hussain ,&nbsp;Jay Gadge","doi":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2025.100151","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2025.100151","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Depression is a prevalent mental health disorder, often associated with systemic side effects, low bioavailability, and poor patient compliance due to conventional oral antidepressants. This study develops and optimizes a transdermal drug-in-adhesive (DIA) matrix patch for Mirtazapine (MTZ), utilizing a pressure-sensitive adhesive (PSA) system and oleic acid as a permeation enhancer. A two-factor, three-level factorial design optimized drug content and flux, yielding 93.09 % drug content and a flux of 56 mg/cm²/h. Preformulation studies confirmed the crystalline nature and excipient compatibility of MTZ. Ex vivo and in vivo evaluations demonstrated enhanced skin permeation, sustained drug release, and improved pharmacokinetics, with a prolonged Tmax of 9 hours and an AUC₀₋ₜ of 7778.85 ng/mL·h, significantly outperforming oral and intravenous routes. Skin irritation studies confirmed formulation safety. This novel transdermal patch presents a promising alternative to oral MTZ, offering controlled systemic drug delivery, improved therapeutic efficacy, and enhanced patient compliance. Future clinical investigations will further validate its potential in depression management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100959,"journal":{"name":"Next Nanotechnology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100151"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143748275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioimaging and therapeutic applications of multifunctional carbon quantum dots: Recent progress and challenges","authors":"Thakur Prasad Mishra Daby ,&nbsp;Unnati Modi ,&nbsp;Amit K. Yadav,&nbsp;Dhiraj Bhatia,&nbsp;Raghu Solanki","doi":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2025.100158","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2025.100158","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) have emerged as highly promising carbon-based nanomaterials in the field of nanomedicine. Their small size and unique physicochemical properties such as biocompatibility, tunable surface functionalities (such as amino, hydroxyl, carboxyl), stability and electron mobility, make them particularly advantageous for biomedical applications. CQDs show great potential as nanocarriers for drug delivery in the treatment of cancer, ophthalmic diseases, infectious diseases, cardiovascular diseases and neurological disorders. Additionally, their versatility has prompted growing interest in utilizing CQDs for gene therapy, vaccine development, stem cell therapy and tissue engineering. CQDs have also advanced bioimaging and biosensing due to their excellent optical properties, including high fluorescence, tunable emission, and photostability, making them ideal for <em>in vivo</em> imaging, cellular tracking, and biomolecule detection. Despite these promising applications, limitations such as non-biodegradability, potential cytotoxicity at higher concentrations, and inconsistent surface functionalization pose challenges to their efficacy and safety in biomedical applications. This review highlights recent advancements in the therapeutic use of CQDs, underscoring their potential to transform nanomedicine by offering precise and targeted drug delivery. In the future, CQD-based systems could facilitate more effective therapies with reduced off-target effects, paving the way for a new era of precision medicine.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100959,"journal":{"name":"Next Nanotechnology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100158"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143682831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Removal of silver nanoparticles from aqueous solution using cellulose extracted from Traganum Nudatum plant activated by zinc chloride","authors":"Maryam Ibrahim Ali,&nbsp;Mohamed Erhayem Omar,&nbsp;Aisha Ahmed Al-Abbasi","doi":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2025.100190","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2025.100190","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The production and excessive use of silver nanoparticles pose many environmental and health risks. Where they are released from various products associated with it into water sources. Adsorption using suitable adsorbent materials is an effective and commonly used method for treating water pollution. In this study, activated cellulose using zinc chloride was proposed to remove silver nanoparticles from aqueous solution. Various measurements such as UV-Vis, TEM, DLS, Zeta potential, FTIR, EDXRF and pHpzc were used to characterize the silver nanoparticles and activated cellulose. The results showed that the average size of obtained silver nanoparticles was 75 nm and their average hydrodynamic diameter ranged between (88.05 and 495.1 nm). The silver nanoparticles had a polydispersity index (PDI) ranging between (0.329–0.526). silver nanoparticles had a negative surface charge ranged between ((-3.74) - (-9.63) mV). FTIR and EDXRF measurements confirmed the presence of silver nanoparticles on the surface of activated cellulose after completing the adsorption process. The adsorption capacity increased with increasing the initial concentration and ionic strength, while it decreased with an increase in adsorbent dose and temperature. The highest adsorption capacity was obtained at pH= 9 and a contact time of 20 min. The highest obtained adsorption capacity is 405.75 mg.g⁻¹ and the highest obtained removal percentage is 99.45 %. Adsorption kinetic models show that the removal process follows a pseudo-second-order model. The adsorption isotherms models indicate that the removal process follows the Langmuir isothermal model. Adsorption thermodynamic parameters indicate that the adsorption process is spontaneous, exothermic and random. This study indicates that the adsorption of silver nanoparticles onto the surface of activated cellulose was physisorption.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100959,"journal":{"name":"Next Nanotechnology","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100190"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144195138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Green synthesis, characterization and bioactivity of zinc oxide nanoparticles: Experimental and computational approaches","authors":"Uday Sankar Senapati ,&nbsp;Priya Chauhan ,&nbsp;Harshita Kalita ,&nbsp;Apurba Das ,&nbsp;Jyotshna Saikia ,&nbsp;Madhurima Goswami ,&nbsp;Himangshu Deka ,&nbsp;Tupu Barman","doi":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2025.100194","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2025.100194","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Phyto-mediated nanoparticles (NPs) are known for their high biocompatibility, eco-friendliness, and cost-effectiveness, and they have been gaining significant attention recently. Here, we present a unique method for synthesizing zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) using <em>Datura metel</em> L. leaf extract as capping and reducing agents followed by characterization with X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and UV–vis spectroscopy. XRD and TEM confirmed the formation of ZnO NPs. XRD reported a decrease in crystallite size from 32.9 to 26.5 nm, with strain proportionately increasing from 3.6 × 10⁻³ to 4.7 × 10⁻³. FESEM elucidated the morphology of the NPs and agglomeration was clear in the micrographs. FTIR identified the functional groups in the <em>Datura metel</em> L. leaf extract and supported the extract's qualitative phytochemical analysis. UV–vis spectroscopy confirmed the optical band gap of ZnO NPs (<span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>E</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>g</mi></mrow></msub><mo>∼</mo></mrow></math></span>3.98–4.03 eV), further validated by the density function theory (DFT), computed HOMO-LUMO energy gap values. The bacterial isolates extracted from spoiled fruits and vegetables examined using tube techniques and congo red agar (CRA) for analysing phenotypic biofilm formation capability. ZnO NPs exhibited strong anti-biofilm activity against the primary biofilm-forming isolate - <em>Klebsiella pneumoniae</em>. Hence, this investigation demonstrated that the green synthesized ZnO NPs using <em>Datura metel</em> L. leaf extract promise to serve as an antibacterial reagent to avert the microbial spoilage of fruits and vegetables.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100959,"journal":{"name":"Next Nanotechnology","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100194"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144242822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chitosan-encapsulated linoleic acid from Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit. inhibits FOXL2 mutation in MNU-induced ovarian granulosa cell tumors in Wistar rats","authors":"Cletus Anes Ukwubile ,&nbsp;Hassan Braimah Yesufu ,&nbsp;Roland Nnaemeka Okoro ,&nbsp;Ahamefula Anslem Ahuchaogu ,&nbsp;Blessing Ogechukwu Umeokoli ,&nbsp;Matthew Onyema Agu ,&nbsp;Nnamdi David Menkiti ,&nbsp;Patrick Akoji Ida","doi":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2025.100191","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2025.100191","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>One of the biggest challenges in drug delivery is delivering drugs to their sites of action to avoid the systemic side effects that are common with most antineoplastic drugs. This study investigates the potential of linoleic acid (LA) isolated from <em>Leucaena leucocephala</em> extract, encapsulated in chitosan nanoparticles (LACS2), and targeting <em>FOXL2</em> gene mutation in methyl nitrosourea (MNU)-induced ovarian granulosa cell tumors in Wistar rats. Glutaraldehyde was used as a crosslinker to conjugate chitosan with linoleic acid, which was further mediated with folate. Conjugation was confirmed using ¹H NMR, FTIR, DSC, and SEM. The NPs were characterized for morphology, yield, <em>in vitro</em> drug release, particle size, and surface charge using SEM, DLS, and Zeta sizer. <em>FOXL2</em> gene detection was carried out via RT-PCR, while cytotoxicity and apoptosis of LACS2/<em>FOXL2</em> complexes were assessed using MTT assay and caspase-3 activity, respectively. <em>In vivo</em> gene delivery was evaluated in Wistar rats. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of many metabolites such as alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, phenols, saponins, phytosteroids, and triterpenes. Among the nanoparticle formulations, LACS2 demonstrated superior physicochemical properties: 68.22 % yield, 120.0 ± 2.11 nm particle size, 88.04 % entrapment efficiency, 98.88 % cumulative drug release, 74.01 % swelling index, 25.22 ± 0.24 mV zeta potential, and a PDI of 0.50. Gel retardation assay showed efficient complexation between LACS2 and <em>FOXL2</em> gene, with maximum complex formation (86.22 ± 2.04 %) observed at 32 mg chitosan and 8 mg <em>FOXL2</em>. Molecular characterization (FTIR, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, MS) confirmed the presence of LA in the ethyl acetate fraction. Transfection with LACS2/<em>FOXL2</em> reversed the TGC→TGG mutation, restoring the wild-type <em>FOXL2</em> gene. <em>In vivo</em>, LACS2/<em>FOXL2</em> significantly reduced tumor cell volume (24.01 ± 0.01 mL), viable cell counts (8.44 × 10⁴/mL), and increased non-viable cell counts (15.57 × 10⁴/mL). Hematological indices improved remarkably: RBC (52.11 ± 2.01 × 10¹²/L), Hb (38.02 ± 1.01 g/dL), and WBC (36.56 ± 1.01 × 10⁹/L). Furthermore, LACS2/<em>FOXL2</em> increased mean survival time to 28.14 days and ILS to 74.16 %, while reducing tumor biomarkers: CEA (0.0012 ± 0.010 µg/L) and α-fetoprotein (0.11 ± 0.010 µg/L). This study showed that LACS2/<em>FOXL2</em> is a promising gene-targeted nanotherapeutic candidate against <em>FOXL2</em>-mutated ovarian cancer.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100959,"journal":{"name":"Next Nanotechnology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100191"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144242942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Solvatochromic study and electrochemical performance of green synthesized rGO decorated metal oxide CQDs from Dillenia indica peel extract in nonionic surfactant polymer matrix","authors":"Poonam Negi ,&nbsp;Naveen Chandra Joshi ,&nbsp;Shuchi Upadhyay ,&nbsp;Bhupendra Singh Rawat","doi":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2025.100205","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2025.100205","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The green synthesis of nanoparticles (NPs) and carbon quantum dots (CQDs) offers an eco-friendly and sustainable approach, increasingly gaining attention for advanced energy storage applications. This study explores the green synthesis of NPs and CQDs using peel extract of <em>Dillenia indica</em> (reducing and stabilizing agent) via a hydrothermal method. The peel extract was divided into two parts: the liquied portion was used to synthesize nitrogen- doped <em>Dillenia indica-based n</em>nanoparticles (N-DIBNPs) for photophysical studies, including absorption, emission, and solvatochromic behavior. The residue part was used to synthesize two different CQD-based composites for electrochemical analysis to evaluate their potential in supercapacitor applications. The first composite consisted of nitrogen-doped CQDs with vanadium pentaoxide (V₂O₅) and polyethylene glycol (PEG-400) (N-DIAVPG-CQDs), while the second included V₂O₅, titanium dioxide (TiO₂), and PEG-400 (N-DIAVTPG-CQDs). Solvatochromic analysis confirmed solute-solvent interactions with correlation coefficients exceeding 0.93, along with the investigation of Stokes shifts. XRD characterization confirmed the crystalline nature of the materials, with crystallite sizes of 28.69 nm (N-DIANPs), 1.73 nm (N-DIAVPG-CQDs), and 2.60 nm (N-DIAVTPG-CQDs). FTIR analysis revealed functional groups essential for stabilization and electrochemical performance. SEM provided insights into morphological features, while EDX confirmend elemental compositions. Electrochemical analysis using cyclic voltammetry (CV) showed specific capacitances of 2253.61 F/g for N-DIAVPG-CQDs and 1755.99 F/g for N-DIAVTPG-CQDs at a scan rate of 10 mV/s. Galvanostatic charge-discharge (GCD) measurements revealed specific capacitances of 1736.28 F/g for N-DIAVPG-CQDs and 733.70 F/g for N-DIAVTPG-CQDs at a current density of 2 A/g. The maximum energy densities were 964.60 Wh/kg for N-DIAVPG-CQDs and 407.61 Wh/kg for N-DIAVTPG-CQDs at a power density of 2000 W/kg. Excellet cyclic stability was observed, with retention value of 108 % (N-DIAVPG-CQDs) and 106 % (N-DAVTPG-CQDs) after 5000 cycles. These green-synthesized, rGO-decorated metal oxide CQDs composites exhibit outstanding electrochemical performance, assessed through simple, cost-effective techniques- highlighting their scalability without requiring sophisticated instrumentation. The results underscore the high specific capacitance, current density, power density, energy density, and cyclic stability of these composities, demonstrating the potential of plant-derived waste materials in high-performance supercapacitor applications. This research emphasized the dual advantage of waste valorization and the development of eco-friendly energy storage materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100959,"journal":{"name":"Next Nanotechnology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100205"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144501482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Liposomes for drug delivery: Classification, therapeutic applications, and limitations","authors":"Ramachandran Chelliah ,&nbsp;Momna Rubab ,&nbsp;Selvakumar Vijayalakshmi ,&nbsp;Murugan Karuvelan ,&nbsp;Kaliyan Barathikannan ,&nbsp;Deog-Hwan Oh","doi":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2025.100209","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2025.100209","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Liposomes, lipid-based vesicles, have emerged as a versatile and extensively studied drug delivery platform due to their ability to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of various agents. Over the years, advancements in liposome technology have led to the development and clinical testing of numerous liposome-based drug formulations, with several achieving regulatory approval for medical use. By altering the bio-distribution of therapeutic agents, these formulations have significantly improved their therapeutic indices and minimized off-target effects. This review delves into the current and potential applications of liposomes in drug delivery, highlighting key examples of clinically approved formulations and the challenges faced in their continued development and utilization. A special focus is placed on scalable manufacturing methods, the industrial limitations of liposomal drug products, and regulatory guidelines as defined by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Medicines Agency (EMA). By addressing these critical aspects, this review aims to provide valuable insights for researchers, industry professionals, and regulatory bodies, underscoring the promise and hurdles of liposome-based therapeutics in modern medicine.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100959,"journal":{"name":"Next Nanotechnology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100209"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144597566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}