Medicine - Programa de Formación Médica Continuada Acreditado最新文献_第3页

Inteligencia artificial generativa en la población infantojuvenil: desafíos para el neurodesarrollo, la salud mental y la protección digital. Propuestas de actuación clínica y preventiva 儿童生成人工智能：神经发育、心理健康和数字保护的挑战。临床和预防行动建议

Medicine - Programa de Formación Médica Continuada Acreditado Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-09-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.med.2026.08.002

M.A. Salmerón Ruiz, M. Fernández-Andújar

{"title":"Inteligencia artificial generativa en la población infantojuvenil: desafíos para el neurodesarrollo, la salud mental y la protección digital. Propuestas de actuación clínica y preventiva","authors":"M.A. Salmerón Ruiz, M. Fernández-Andújar","doi":"10.1016/j.med.2026.08.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.med.2026.08.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Generative artificial intelligence (GAI) is rapidly transforming the digital environment of childhood and adolescence It affects learning processes, access to information, and patterns of interaction with digital environments, with significant implications for biopsychoemotional health and well-being. This phenomenon is unfolding in a context where professionals and families lack the necessary training to promote the ethical, safe, and responsible use of these technologies. This article provides an update to the existing literature on the risks associated with the use of GAI among the adolescent population, with a particular focus on its impact on neurodevelopment, physical and mental health, privacy, and safety online. Finally, it proposes clinical, educational, and regulatory courses of action aimed at strengthening protection by design and by default as well as for incorporating mechanisms for contextualized moderation or early detection of harmful conversations. Furthermore, this article advocates for improving digital education for families and professionals and for advancing public policies that protect the right to neurodevelopment and health and safeguard children and adolescents from emerging risks that arise from GAI.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100912,"journal":{"name":"Medicine - Programa de Formación Médica Continuada Acreditado","volume":"14 61","pages":"Pages 3769-3778"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148917346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Protocolo de atención pediátrica ante la sospecha de abuso sexual infantil en España 西班牙涉嫌性虐待儿童的儿科护理规程

Medicine - Programa de Formación Médica Continuada Acreditado Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-09-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.med.2026.08.005

F. Guerrero Alzola, G. del Pozo Gómez

{"title":"Protocolo de atención pediátrica ante la sospecha de abuso sexual infantil en España","authors":"F. Guerrero Alzola, G. del Pozo Gómez","doi":"10.1016/j.med.2026.08.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.med.2026.08.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sexual abuse in childhood and adolescence is a social and structural problem that affects public health and requires a coordinated healthcare response, with an approach that is sensitive to the trauma the child has experienced and focused on protecting the child. This protocol summarizes the initial clinical management in both emergency departments and pediatric/primary care settings: triage and stabilization, a brief neutral interview, a respectful physical examination, indications and time windows for collecting forensic samples, screening for and prevention of sexually transmitted infections (STI) (including post-exposure prophylaxis for HIV), emergency contraception, vaccination (hepatitis B virus <em>–</em>HBV<em>–</em>/human papillomavirus <em>–</em>HPV<em>–</em>), and a biopsychosocial follow-up plan. It includes practical guidelines based on the time elapsed since the incidents and pubertal age, as well as an operational algorithm that prioritizes health and safety needs over legal considerations. It emphasizes the duty to communicate with the Juvenile Court/Prosecutor's Office, when appropriate, and to coordinate with forensic units in accordance with the common protocols of the National Health System. The objective is to provide students and residents with a brief, practical tool that is consistent with current national and international guidelines.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100912,"journal":{"name":"Medicine - Programa de Formación Médica Continuada Acreditado","volume":"14 61","pages":"Pages 3797-3802"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148924847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Paciente mujer de 82 años, hipertensa, diabética con EPOC y fibrilación auricular que ingresa por neumonía por gripe A 82岁女性患者，高血压、糖尿病患者，患有慢性阻塞性肺病和耳纤颤，因甲型流感肺炎而入院

Medicine - Programa de Formación Médica Continuada Acreditado Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-09-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.med.2026.09.009

A.F. Fernández Romero, A.J. Ferrantelli Blanco, N. Bassy Iza, V.E. Landaeta Ribera, H.D. Villa Alvarado, P.M. Duluc Escobar

引用次数: 0

Protocolo de optimización farmacoterapéutica y deprescripción 药物治疗优化和处方方案

Medicine - Programa de Formación Médica Continuada Acreditado Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-09-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.med.2026.09.007

L.D. Mujica Chumbes, I. Rodríguez-Miñón, E. Martín Alcalde, L.M. Boscán Guevara, M.C. de Aguilar Caro, D. Pascual

引用次数: 0

Protocolos de intervención en sarcopenia y recuperación funcional 骨骼肌减少症干预和功能恢复方案

Medicine - Programa de Formación Médica Continuada Acreditado Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-09-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.med.2026.09.006

J.J. Arechederra Calderón, A.F. Fernández Romero, M. Madrigal López, A. Alises García-Morato, C. Rodríguez Román, J. Castillejo Nuñez

引用次数: 0

«Hoy, no me puedo concentrar». El desafío del abordaje integral en el adolescente 今天，我无法集中精力。”对青少年采取综合办法的挑战

Medicine - Programa de Formación Médica Continuada Acreditado Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-09-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.med.2026.08.009

M. Pérez Pascual

引用次数: 0

Deterioro cognitivo y demencia: hacia la detección precoz. Biomarcadores en líquido y pruebas neuropsicológicas digitales. Nuevos tratamientos modificadores de la enfermedad e intervenciones digitales 认知障碍和痴呆：早期发现。液体生物标志物和数字神经心理学测试。改变疾病的新疗法和数字干预

Medicine - Programa de Formación Médica Continuada Acreditado Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-09-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.med.2026.09.002

I. Nieto Fernández, D.F. Febres Panez, E. Espinosa Gimeno, A. Alises García-Morato, J. Castillejo Núñez, C. Rodríguez Román

{"title":"Deterioro cognitivo y demencia: hacia la detección precoz. Biomarcadores en líquido y pruebas neuropsicológicas digitales. Nuevos tratamientos modificadores de la enfermedad e intervenciones digitales","authors":"I. Nieto Fernández, D.F. Febres Panez, E. Espinosa Gimeno, A. Alises García-Morato, J. Castillejo Núñez, C. Rodríguez Román","doi":"10.1016/j.med.2026.09.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.med.2026.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cognitive impairment and dementia are common neurological syndromes associated with aging with a growing impact on clinical practice. This update reviews the main advances in the detection and management of cognitive impairment with a special focus on biomarkers and cognitive assessment tools. It describes the biological basis of the most prevalent forms of dementia and the role of plasma biomarkers, highlighting phosphorylated tau (particularly p-tau217) along with GFAP, Aβ42/40, and light neurofilament as aids in diagnosis and etiological characterization. It also analyzes digital neuropsychological tests, such as the <em>Digital Clock and Recall and the Digital Clock Drawing Test, which allow for an objective</em> and standardized assessment of various cognitive domains. The article also discusses currently available disease-modifying treatments for Alzheimer's disease and the main digital interventions used in mild cognitive impairment and dementia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100912,"journal":{"name":"Medicine - Programa de Formación Médica Continuada Acreditado","volume":"14 62","pages":"Pages 3826-3834"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149072233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Infecciones víricas emergentes. Arbovirus 新兴的病毒感染。虫媒病毒

Medicine - Programa de Formación Médica Continuada Acreditado Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.med.2026.06.019

G. Hernández García, B. Calvo Llorente, M. Vacas Córdoba, M.J. Zamoro Lorenci, G. Rojo Marcos

{"title":"Infecciones víricas emergentes. Arbovirus","authors":"G. Hernández García, B. Calvo Llorente, M. Vacas Córdoba, M.J. Zamoro Lorenci, G. Rojo Marcos","doi":"10.1016/j.med.2026.06.019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.med.2026.06.019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The name arbovirus comes from the term <em>“arthropod-borne virus</em>” (viruses transmitted by arthropods, especially mosquitoes). It includes infections that are spreading due to climate change, globalization, and the adaptation of mosquito vectors, such as <em>Aedes aegypti</em> and <em>Aedes albopictus</em>.</div><div>The term “ChikDenMaZika syndrome” has been coined to denote the common symptoms shared by infections caused by the Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), dengue virus (DENV), Mayaro virus (MAYV), and Zika virus (ZIKV), given the pattern of coinfection and co-circulation in South America. Some of these arboviruses share similar symptoms (fever, muscle pain, rashes), but they also present more severe specific complications such as the risk of hemorrhage and death with DENV, severe fetal malformations with ZIKV, and chronic, disabling arthralgia with CHIKV.</div><div>From a public health perspective, arboviruses pose a complex and growing challenge to public health, with the emergence of autochthonous cases in Europe and Spain, where sporadic outbreaks have already been detected.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100912,"journal":{"name":"Medicine - Programa de Formación Médica Continuada Acreditado","volume":"14 58","pages":"Pages 13535-13546"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148573393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Protocolo diagnóstico de las micosis pulmonares endémicas 地方性肺真菌病诊断方案

Medicine - Programa de Formación Médica Continuada Acreditado Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.med.2026.06.026

M. Vacas Córdoba, M. Novella Mena, B. Calvo Llorente, M. Irigoyen Muñoz, M.J. Zamoro Lorenci

引用次数: 0

Protocolo diagnóstico y terapéutico de las parasitosis con afectación hepática y/o biliar 肝脏和（或）胆道寄生虫病的诊断和治疗方案

Medicine - Programa de Formación Médica Continuada Acreditado Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-07-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.med.2026.06.033

L. Suárez-Hormiga, C. Betancort-Plata, C. Carranza-Rodríguez, C. Lavilla-Salgado, N. Jaén-Sánchez, J.L. Pérez-Arellano

{"title":"Protocolo diagnóstico y terapéutico de las parasitosis con afectación hepática y/o biliar","authors":"L. Suárez-Hormiga, C. Betancort-Plata, C. Carranza-Rodríguez, C. Lavilla-Salgado, N. Jaén-Sánchez, J.L. Pérez-Arellano","doi":"10.1016/j.med.2026.06.033","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.med.2026.06.033","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The liver and biliary tract, which play a key role in metabolism and toxin elimination, can be affected by various parasitic infections. They can generate anything from asymptomatic conditions to severe diseases. Their rich vascularization facilitates systemic dissemination of the parasites and their connection to the spleen can lead to splenomegaly due to portal hypertension. Lesions are classified as diffuse (such as hepatomegaly or cytolysis) and focal (abscesses or cysts) and they are caused by direct invasion, obstruction, immune response, or cellular depletion. Among diffuse parasitic infections without portal hypertension, malaria and visceral leishmaniasis stand out, while schistosomiasis is typically associated with portal hypertension. <em>Echinococcus granulosus</em> and <em>Entamoeba histolytica</em> cause focal liver lesions. Several parasites can affect the biliary system, causing cholangitis or cholecystitis. Specifically, some trematodes such as <em>Fasciola</em> spp., <em>Clonorchis</em> spp., and <em>Opisthorchis</em> spp. can give rise to chronic cholangitis and progress to cirrhosis. The diagnosis is based on the detection of eggs in feces, serology, polymerase chain reaction, and imaging studies. Treatment includes antiparasitic drugs and surgery or endoscopy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100912,"journal":{"name":"Medicine - Programa de Formación Médica Continuada Acreditado","volume":"14 59","pages":"Pages 3669-3674"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148574660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0