MedComm – Biomaterials and Applications最新文献

{"title":"Current status and challenges of shape memory scaffolds in biomedical applications","authors":"Haoming Wu,&nbsp;Shuhao Yang,&nbsp;Jiuhong Li,&nbsp;Teng Ma,&nbsp;Keyi Yang,&nbsp;Tianzheng Liao,&nbsp;Wanyue Feng,&nbsp;Bingnan Zhou,&nbsp;Xin Yong,&nbsp;Kai Zhou,&nbsp;Xulin Hu","doi":"10.1002/mba2.95","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mba2.95","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The rapid evolution of clinical medicine, materials science, and regenerative medicine has rendered traditional implantable scaffolds inadequate for addressing the complex therapeutic demands of various diseases. Currently, implantable scaffolds in clinical practice are mainly made of metal, with the disadvantages of high stiffness, poor toughness, and low deformation. This paper offers a thorough review of shape memory scaffolds (SMSs), emphasizing their distinctive self-recovery and adaptive functionalities that enhance compatibility with injured tissues, surpassing the capabilities of conventional metallic biomaterials. It delves into the limitations of current clinical scaffolds and the requisite performance metrics for effective implants and outlines the essential materials and fabrication methods for SMSs. Moreover, we enumerate the biomedical applications of SMMs with different response types, including thermology-responsive, water-responsive, and light-responsive. The discussion extends to the burgeoning applications of SMSs in biomedical engineering, including their utility in bone tissue engineering, cardiovascular stenting, tubular structures, and cardiac patches, which underscore their potential in minimally invasive procedures and dynamic tissue interactions. This review concludes with an analysis of current challenges and prospects, providing valuable insights for developing and applying SMSs in the biomedical sector.</p>","PeriodicalId":100901,"journal":{"name":"MedComm – Biomaterials and Applications","volume":"3 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mba2.95","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142165247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determining the effects of varying blood storage conditions on clot formation and digestion under shear","authors":"Alexei Christodoulides,&nbsp;Ziqian Zeng,&nbsp;Abigail R. Hall,&nbsp;Nathan J. Alves","doi":"10.1002/mba2.94","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mba2.94","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Studies aiming to understand the effects of storage on whole blood (WB) clotting often rely on characterizing coagulation under static conditions. Minimal work has explored the effects of physiologic shear on clot formation and thrombolysis utilizing fractionated and reconstituted whole blood (rWB) products. WB was fractionated into platelet-free plasma, packed red blood cells, and platelets storing each component under its ideal conditions—including platelet cryopreservation. Recombination at their native ratios was accomplished over 91 days of storage and clotting/thrombolysis was analyzed utilizing thromboelastography and Chandler loop. rWB preserved clot strength through 91 days with minimal deviation from baseline, in contrast to WB stored at 4°C which experienced a significant decline by storage Day-42. Clot formation under shear for both rWB and WB led to increased clot mass through storage. No significant deviation from baseline was appreciated until Day 70 of storage in rWB. Increasing degrees of thrombolysis were seen in both groups, with rWB significantly deviating from baseline at Day 70. No significant changes in overall clot architecture occurred throughout storage and recombination. This fractionation and recombination protocol serves as a method to further develop reproducible in vitro clot analogs for preclinical thrombolytic therapy screening.</p>","PeriodicalId":100901,"journal":{"name":"MedComm – Biomaterials and Applications","volume":"3 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mba2.94","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142100004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neutrophils activated by micropatches hold promising prospects in tumor immunotherapy","authors":"Mengran Chen,&nbsp;Bingyang Chu,&nbsp;Yu Wu","doi":"10.1002/mba2.93","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mba2.93","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study used polymer micropatches as a platform for sustained and targeted activation of neutrophils. The micropatches can promote the rapid conversion of neutrophils to the N1 type while also enhancing the activation of other immune cells in vivo. The activated neutrophils are recruited to the tumor site, where they exert effective antitumor effects.\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":100901,"journal":{"name":"MedComm – Biomaterials and Applications","volume":"3 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mba2.93","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142013525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanotherapy for rheumatoid arthritis: A ceria nanoparticle–mesenchymal stem cell nanovesicle hybrid system","authors":"Kai Zhou,&nbsp;Xinlong He,&nbsp;Jing Zheng","doi":"10.1002/mba2.92","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mba2.92","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Taeghwan Hyeon of the Institute for Basic Science (IBS) in Korea, Youngmee Jung of the Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), and Byung-Soo Kim of Seoul National University, in collaboration with other researchers, recently devised a hybrid system involving ceria nanoparticles (Ce NPs) attached to mesenchymal stem cell nanovesicles to target the various pathogenic factors associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This study demonstrates the efficacy of the therapy in treating and preventing RA through symptom relief and the induction of regulatory T (Treg) cells in a collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mouse model. The findings were published in the prestigious journal, <i>Nature Nanotechnology</i>.<span>¹</span></p><p>RA is characterized by inflammatory autoimmune responses that lead to the loss of immune tolerance, synovial inflammation, and tissue damage, ultimately causing systemic and persistent functional limitations.<span>²</span> The precise etiology of RA remains uncertain; however, it is established that the aforementioned factors can synergistically contribute to a self-perpetuating cycle that significantly influences the onset and progression of the disease. The standard initial approach to managing RA involves the administration of anti-inflammatory medications, including nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs, and biologics, albeit these pharmacological interventions primarily target symptom alleviation. While this method may provide short-term relief, it is crucial to acknowledge the potential adverse effects that may arise from prolonged drug use. As such, the optimal approach to treating RA should prioritize the restoration of normal immune function and the prompt suppression of inflammatory reactions and associated symptoms.<span>³</span></p><p>Numerous studies have demonstrated the effective modulation of innate immunity through the promotion of anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages. Nevertheless, RA represents a chronic autoimmune condition that requires a more holistic strategy to restore immune function within both the innate and adaptive immune responses. Failing to achieve this objective necessitates the continued administration of palliative drugs, underscoring the critical need for a multifaceted intervention system capable of targeting numerous pathogenic factors to ensure comprehensive treatment of RA.<span>⁴</span></p><p>The Ce–mesenchymal stem cell nanovesicle (MSCNV) system is engineered to capitalize on the antioxidant properties of Ce NPs to neutralize reactive oxygen species (ROS), a pivotal pathogenic factor in RA, and to induce a phenotypic shift from pro-inflammatory M1 to anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages. Simultaneously, MSCNVs within the hybrid system protect chondrocytes and deliver immunomodulatory cytokines, fostering a tolerogenic phenotype in dendritic cells (DCs) and the subsequent induction of Treg cells. This dual","PeriodicalId":100901,"journal":{"name":"MedComm – Biomaterials and Applications","volume":"3 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mba2.92","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141967865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innovative wireless ocular modulation patch for controlled axial length shortening","authors":"Lin Ye,&nbsp;Jing Zheng","doi":"10.1002/mba2.91","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mba2.91","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In a recent paper published in <i>Nature Communications</i>, Zhong et al.<span>¹</span> described a wireless battery-free ocular modulation patch. This patch could be utilized in posterior scleral reinforcement (PSR) surgery, to correct high myopia by shortening the axial length (AXL) and reinforce the sclera to prevent myopia recurrence.</p><p>Myopia is a state of refraction in which parallel rays of light coming from infinity are brought to focus in front of the retina. The mechanism of myopia involves various signals traveling from the retina through the choroid to the sclera, eventually resulting in scleral weakening and AXL elongation. The elongation of the AXL occurs, causing light to fail to converge on the retina. This also leads to various complications arising from changes in the posterior segment structures of the eye, including posterior staphyloma and myopic maculopathy, which in turn, contributes to the continual expansion of the globe in the posterior direction.</p><p>There are many surgical options available for patients with high myopia. Myopic patients could avoid wearing glasses through corneal laser surgery and Implantable Collamer Lens surgery, which work by flattening the cornea or adding lenses to the anterior chamber to help converge light on the retina. However, these surgeries are purely optical corrections and do not address the pathological changes in the posterior segment structure in myopic eyeballs. Comparatively, traditional PSR surgery aims to strengthen the weakened posterior sclera by ocular patch. The technique was first reported by Shevelev in 1930 and was later modified by Snyder and Thompson. The primary goal of PSR surgery is to reinforce the weakened sclera, not to shorten the AXL to achieve perfect light convergence on the retina. Thus, PSR surgery is particularly essential for patients with high myopia and related complications. In light of the research background, Zhong et al. proposed the concept, that shortening AXL by a novel PSR surgery, is remarkably groundbreaking, potentially allowing for precise and personalized treatment of AXL shortening for patients with high myopia by PSR. Furthermore, traditional macular buckle is primarily used to treat macular schisis in high myopia, addressing the traction on the retina caused by posterior staphyloma in the macular area and promoting the reattachment of the macular schisis. Comparatively, this novel PSR surgery focused more specifically on the shrinkage of the sclera, further reinforcing the weakened sclera through scleral cross-linking (SCXL).</p><p>For decades, ocular patch for PSR have consisted of homologous sclera, dura mater and pericardium patches.<span>²</span> In recent years, nonbiological source materials have gained popularity. Researchers have proposed using various hydrogel materials were proposed for PSR, but these studies have remained limited to animal experiments.<span>^{3, 4}</span> Zhong et al. develop","PeriodicalId":100901,"journal":{"name":"MedComm – Biomaterials and Applications","volume":"3 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mba2.91","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141967481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel exploration of silk fibroin hydrogel adhesive in meniscal tear repair","authors":"Zhongwu Bei,&nbsp;Jing Zheng","doi":"10.1002/mba2.89","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mba2.89","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Recently, in <i>Nature Communications</i>, Pan et al.<span>¹</span> reported a novel dual-functional hydrogel bioadhesive (S-PIL10) based on silk fibroin, ionic liquid, and growth factor TGF-β1, achieving the seamless and dense reconstruction of torn meniscus. This kind of silk-based meniscus adhesive provides a revolutionary strategy for the repair of meniscal tears.</p><p>The meniscus, an essential elastic cartilaginous tissue within the knee joint, is between the femoral condyle and the tibial plateau, covering approximately two-thirds of the tibial surface.<span>²</span> It cushions impacts, distributes loads, maintains joint stability, and facilitates smooth joint motion. Meniscal injury is among the most prevalent musculoskeletal disorders affecting the knee, frequently arising from acute traumatic events, sports-related activities (such as sudden pivoting and stopping in basketball and soccer), or age-related degenerative alterations. Based on the pathological morphology of the injury, meniscal tears can be classified into vertical tears (longitudinal and radial tears), horizontal tears (most common), and complex tears (involving multiple tear patterns). These injuries may lead to debilitating symptoms, including pain, swelling, instability, and restricted mobility.<span>^{3, 4}</span> Meniscal injuries primarily affect young individuals, characterized clinically by local bleeding, exudation, and acute inflammation. Left untreated, they may predispose individuals to early-onset osteoarthritis, significantly compromising their quality of life.</p><p>In clinical practice, incomplete meniscal tears without accompanying pathologies or small, stable peripheral tears may resolve without surgical intervention. However, the sparse distribution and poor vascularization of meniscal fibrocartilage cells, which occupy only 10%–30% of the meniscal thickness, often impede spontaneous healing, leading to the necessity of surgical intervention in most cases. Current treatment options primarily include meniscal repair, partial or complete meniscectomy, and allograft transplantation. Among these, meniscal repair aims to preserve as much healthy meniscal tissue as possible and is considered the gold standard in clinical practice. However, it is frequently constrained by tear location, size, and tissue quality. Conversely, meniscectomy addresses mechanical irritation from meniscal injury by removing the damaged portion or the entire meniscus. However, post-meniscectomy regeneration is limited, resulting in narrow, thin, and nonfunctional tissue. Although this approach can alleviate related symptoms, biomechanical studies indicate minimal meniscal tissue removal increases cartilage contact stress, reducing the natural meniscus's protective function. Furthermore, the overall failure rate of meniscal allograft transplantation is approximately 29% (4–14 years postoperatively), often accompanied by issues like joint space narrowing","PeriodicalId":100901,"journal":{"name":"MedComm – Biomaterials and Applications","volume":"3 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mba2.89","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141732554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tissue-engineered vascular grafts for cardiovascular disease management: Current strategies, challenges, and future perspectives","authors":"Kuntal Kumar Das,&nbsp;Ruchi Mishra Tiwari,&nbsp;Om Shankar,&nbsp;Pralay Maiti,&nbsp;Ashutosh Kumar Dubey","doi":"10.1002/mba2.88","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mba2.88","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of mortality which primarily occurs due to the blood vessel obstruction or narrowing. Surgical procedures such as, coronary artery and peripheral artery bypass grafting frequently require vascular grafts for long-term revascularization. However, using autogenous vessels, such as the internal thoracic artery and saphenous vein, especially for vessels with diameters less than 6 mm, are associated with number of concerns due to limited availability, invasive retrieval procedures, and aptness. To overcome these limitations, the development of tissue-engineered vascular grafts (TEVGs) is in continuous thrust. This review comprehensively provides the potentiality of a range of artificial and naturally occurring biopolymers and their fabrication techniques, cell sources and seeding techniques to realize the state-of-the-art TEVGs. Moreover, this review article presents a synopsis of insights obtained from a variety of in vitro and in vivo studies, including human clinical trials. It underscores the need for further exploration into key areas such as optimal cell sources, seeding techniques, mechanical properties, hemodynamics, graft integration, the impact of patient conditions, optimum burst pressure, sufficient suture strength, hydrophilicity, biodegradability, and related factors. In summary, the review offers insights into the current strategies, challenges, and future perspectives of TEVG.</p>","PeriodicalId":100901,"journal":{"name":"MedComm – Biomaterials and Applications","volume":"3 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mba2.88","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141583720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing polypharmacological drug design: A dual-targeted approach for treating psychiatric disorders","authors":"Yawen Pan,&nbsp;Yinghao Zhi,&nbsp;Jianliang Shen","doi":"10.1002/mba2.90","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mba2.90","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":100901,"journal":{"name":"MedComm – Biomaterials and Applications","volume":"3 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mba2.90","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141488701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cas13d wants to compete with Cas9 to benefit tumor patients by enhancing precision CAR T therapy","authors":"Hongbiao Ran,&nbsp;Jianxin Jiang,&nbsp;Ping Lin","doi":"10.1002/mba2.86","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mba2.86","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A recent article published in <i>Cell</i><span>¹</span> reported that the multiplexed effector guide arrays (MEGA) based on the CRISPR-Cas13d system can contribute to improving chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell exhaustion by massively multiplexed, quantitative, and reversible perturbation of the transcriptome in primary human T cells. This study reminds us that Cas9 may be no longer the dominating force or the only choice in the gene-editing and precision therapy field, and other contenders, including Cas13d, Cas12a as well as numerous unknown systems will come into the fray in not long future.</p><p>The successful application of CAR T therapy, as everyone knows, could tremendously benefit tumor-targeted therapy but is plagued by the following challenges, such as T cell exhaustion, cytotoxicity, and off-target effects. To address these issues, Tieu and colleagues developed a MEGA platform by harnessing the Cas13d system that is characterized by the RNA-guide RNA endonuclease activity without PAM sequence recognition, the ability to process poly-crRNA guide arrays to facilitate efficient simultaneous targeting of multiple RNA transcripts in single cells, and the smaller molecular weight compare with Cas9 (Figure 1). First, the authors have succeeded in optimizing MEGA HA-28ζ CAR T cells that robustly suppress the exhaustion marker (LAG3, PD-1, and TIM3) upregulation on transcriptional and surface protein levels and have positively affected the tumor-killing activity of chimeric T cells. Moreover, the MEGA expression and effective processing did not induce interferon (IFN) pathway activation, which is a critical signal for tumor surface recognition of CAR T cells and may be one reason of tumor-killing activity enhancement in chimeric T cells.<span>²</span> More importantly, single-vector bicistronic configurations show that this system has low viral titers, which may benefit from the crRNA-guided cleavage of lentiviral RNA of Cas13d, whereas non-induction of IFN signaling is also extremely important to CAR T cell-mediated cytotoxicity elimination.<span>²</span></p><p>Indeed, previous studies have also provided evidence for CRISPR-Cas9 on pathogenic RNA-targeted elimination and IFN signal inhibition via its powerful gene silencing ability.<span>^{2, 3}</span> Nevertheless, one typical advantage of the MEGA platform is that it can process a long array of nearly 10 targeted genes simultaneously dispensing with independent gRNA guiding, although the knockdown efficiency is uneven when without prior optimization of spacer sequence or position. This has phased significance for data validation of CRISPR-based whole-genome screening or conventional RNA-seq analysis in biological research.<span>^1-3</span> MEGA provides a powerful example in experimental co-validation of multiple candidate genes in the purinergic signaling and the PI3K/Akt pathway, and its multiplexing capability allows for expendin","PeriodicalId":100901,"journal":{"name":"MedComm – Biomaterials and Applications","volume":"3 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mba2.86","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141424905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of cell-laden three-dimensional bioprinted polymer composite scaffolds based on synthesized photocrosslinkable poly(ethylene glycol) dimethacrylate with different molecular weights","authors":"Janitha M. Unagolla,&nbsp;Liyanaaratchige V. Tillekeratne,&nbsp;Ambalangodage C. Jayasuriya","doi":"10.1002/mba2.87","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mba2.87","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This manuscript aims to three-dimensional bioprint and evaluate new polymer composite scaffolds based on synthesized poly(ethylene glycol) dimethacrylate (PEGDMA) as well as methyl cellulose and gelatin. The PEGDMA was synthesized by a simple microwave-assisted method using three distinct molecular weights (MWs) of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), 3, 6, and 12 kDa, and methacrylic anhydride. The percent functionalization of the PEGDMA was analyzed using the nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum, and the theoretical calculations indicated that over 50% of methacrylation was achieved in all samples, with the PEGDMA synthesized from 6 kDa PEG surpassing 66% methacrylation. These three PEGDMA-based bioinks were investigated for their suitability for bioprinting scaffolds. It was observed that lower MW PEGDMA resulted in a higher degree of crosslinking, leading to more stable composite scaffolds. However, higher crosslinking degree did not support long-term cell viability when encapsulated with cells. Higher MW PEGDMA showed higher cell viability over time though overall stability was lower. Synthesized PEGDMA with 6 kDa PEG showed both stability and long-term cell viability after postprinting. Over 80% of cell viability was maintained for a 7-day study period, showing potential use in tissue engineering applications as a cell delivery vehicle.</p>","PeriodicalId":100901,"journal":{"name":"MedComm – Biomaterials and Applications","volume":"3 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mba2.87","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141424899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}