Journal of Equine Rehabilitation最新文献

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Effects of a pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) therapy blanket on salivary cortisol and behavior in horses 脉冲电磁场治疗毯对马唾液皮质醇和行为的影响
Journal of Equine Rehabilitation Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eqre.2025.100019
E.F. Hartzler , B. Grooms , L. Smathers , P. Ames , B. Mandeville , S.V. Burk
{"title":"Effects of a pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) therapy blanket on salivary cortisol and behavior in horses","authors":"E.F. Hartzler ,&nbsp;B. Grooms ,&nbsp;L. Smathers ,&nbsp;P. Ames ,&nbsp;B. Mandeville ,&nbsp;S.V. Burk","doi":"10.1016/j.eqre.2025.100019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eqre.2025.100019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Domesticated horses are frequently exposed to high-stress environments due to their housing, travel, and use in competitions. Pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) therapy has been posited as a potential approach for alleviating horse stress, with research supporting PEMF for treatment of human stress related to mental health conditions. This study sought to determine if a commercial PEMF blanket affects horse salivary cortisol concentrations, relaxation behaviors, or stress behaviors. Horses (n = 36) were randomly assigned to two treatment groups and one control group. The Pr3 group received treatment at 1–6 Hz and the Pr7 group received treatment at 10–30 Hz. Both treatments were set at 5 millitesla (mT). The control (C) group was exposed to two conditions: wearing the blanket at 0 Hz (CB) and not wearing a blanket (CNB). Horses were exposed to 30 min treatments every other day for 15 days, with salivary cortisol sampling and behavior observations on days 1, 9, and 15. Salivary cortisol concentrations displayed some variability, but there were no significant decreases in salivary cortisol from pre to post when comparing conditions. Horses exhibited more relaxation behaviors under the CB condition when compared to the CNB condition (<em>p</em> = 0.031), but there were no significant differences when comparing controls and treatments. There were no significant differences for stress behaviors in any of the comparisons. Although the PEMF blanket treatment did not appear to reduce stress behaviors or salivary cortisol in our study, future research with longer treatment periods, alternate treatment protocols, and additional sampling times is recommended.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100781,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Equine Rehabilitation","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100019"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143092525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Development of a grading system for visually assessing equine quality of movement 一个分级系统的发展,以视觉评估马的运动质量
Journal of Equine Rehabilitation Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eqre.2025.100024
A.G. Bowen , G. Tabor , R. Labens , H. Randle
{"title":"Development of a grading system for visually assessing equine quality of movement","authors":"A.G. Bowen ,&nbsp;G. Tabor ,&nbsp;R. Labens ,&nbsp;H. Randle","doi":"10.1016/j.eqre.2025.100024","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eqre.2025.100024","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A series of three studies were conducted to develop an outcome measure for equine quality of movement during in-hand assessment of horses undergoing routine care, performance management or rehabilitation. In the first study, 10 expert equine physiotherapists completed a modified Delphi process to select anchor and grading words for scoring movement quality. Key features were identified and refined into directives to guide scoring. In the second study, two focus groups suggested measurement parameters and processes to improve standardisation, focusing on balancing principles of measurement with clinical practicality. The final study pilot tested the parameters, processes, and assessment forms while refining the directives, to transform the movements into a battery of 30 standardised movement tests. Each movement test has a unique directive, with the new scoring system using a paired word and numeric grade (0−5) along with comments to justify the score, linked to key features from the directive. The resultant Equine Quality of Movement Score is simple to use in the field pending reliability and validity trials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100781,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Equine Rehabilitation","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100024"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143621044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Exploring inertial sensing technology to quantify gait patterns in Thoroughbred foals before and after corrective trimming for angular limb deformities 探索惯性传感技术量化纯种马驹角状肢体畸形矫治前后的步态模式
Journal of Equine Rehabilitation Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eqre.2025.100034
Kate Horan , James Coburn , Peter Day , Julia Lanfear , Sharon E. Warner , Thilo Pfau , David M. Bolt , Dagmar Berner
{"title":"Exploring inertial sensing technology to quantify gait patterns in Thoroughbred foals before and after corrective trimming for angular limb deformities","authors":"Kate Horan ,&nbsp;James Coburn ,&nbsp;Peter Day ,&nbsp;Julia Lanfear ,&nbsp;Sharon E. Warner ,&nbsp;Thilo Pfau ,&nbsp;David M. Bolt ,&nbsp;Dagmar Berner","doi":"10.1016/j.eqre.2025.100034","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eqre.2025.100034","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Angular limb deformities are a common orthopaedic problem in Thoroughbred foals. In some cases, these deformities resolve naturally but in other cases treatment, such as farriery intervention consisting of remedial trimming and/or shoeing, or surgery, is required to correct associated movement abnormalities. With advances in inertial measurement unit (IMU) technology, foal movement patterns can now be objectively measured. This study used IMU technology to determine whether Thoroughbred foals presenting with angular forelimb deformities had differences in their gait asymmetry, upper body range of motion (XSens MTw sensors, n = 10 foals) or the duration of stride cycle phases and stride length (HoofBeat forelimb hoof sensors, n = 5 foals) at walk before and after corrective trimming. Paired sample t-tests indicated that there was no significant difference in gait asymmetry parameters or range of motion at the poll, withers, tubera coxae and sacrum before and after trimming (p &gt; 0.05). Linear mixed models were used to compare before/after trimming data for the stride cycle phase durations and stride length and included speed as a covariate and foal as a random factor. After trimming, forelimb landing duration significantly decreased by 5.5 ms (25 %), while mid-stance and breakover durations increased by 26.8 ms (7.0 %) and 7.6 ms (4.8 %), respectively; total stride duration post-trim was 24.0 ms (2.6 %) longer than pre-trim. Stride length was also 3.3 cm (2.4 %) longer after trimming. Further investigation in a larger cohort of foals is needed as part of a longitudinal assessment to evaluate gait changes during development, and to relate this to their locomotor performance as adult horses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100781,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Equine Rehabilitation","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100034"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144679712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Comparison of electroacupuncture versus laser acupuncture in horses with thoracolumbar back pain 电针与激光针刺治疗马胸腰背痛的比较
Journal of Equine Rehabilitation Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eqre.2025.100041
Kaitlin Sebring, Allison K. Dockery, Leslie M. Phelps, Sharon K. Vaughn, Katherine L. Ellis
{"title":"Comparison of electroacupuncture versus laser acupuncture in horses with thoracolumbar back pain","authors":"Kaitlin Sebring,&nbsp;Allison K. Dockery,&nbsp;Leslie M. Phelps,&nbsp;Sharon K. Vaughn,&nbsp;Katherine L. Ellis","doi":"10.1016/j.eqre.2025.100041","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eqre.2025.100041","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Back pain is commonly identified in equine athletes. Acupuncture provides analgesia and is used to treat horses with thoracolumbar back pain with significant improvements seen after a few sessions. However, electroacupuncture is not always tolerated by the horse, thus laser acupuncture is often used as an alternative treatment method. No studies have been performed comparing electroacupuncture versus laser acupuncture in reducing thoracolumbar back pain in the horse.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>Twenty-one horses with confirmed thoracolumbar pain were randomly assigned to 3 different treatment groups: control (no treatment), electroacupuncture, or laser acupuncture. Each horse underwent 3 rounds of treatment on Day 1, 4, and 7, and mechanical nociceptive thresholds (MNTs) were measured at baseline (Day 0), after each treatment (Day 1,4,7), and 1-week post-treatments (Day 14). A linear mixed model was used to test for effects of treatment group on MNT, with fixed factors used for treatment group, time, and site and all two- and one three-way interaction effect and random intercepts for each horse and side within each horse.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Electroacupuncture significantly increased MNTs at all but one site on day 7 and all sites on day 14. Laser acupuncture significantly increased MNTs at three of the five sites on day 7 and 14. Electroacupuncture resulted in greater pain relief compared to the control group at L3 at day 7 and 14. No other significant differences between treatment groups were found.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>Electroacupuncture and laser acupuncture are viable tools for addressing and relieving thoracolumbar pain after three sessions. Analgesic effects last for one week after 3 treatment sessions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100781,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Equine Rehabilitation","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100041"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145108764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Determining the validity and reliability of a novel hoof photography template in shod equines 一种新型马蹄摄影模板的效度和信度测定
Journal of Equine Rehabilitation Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eqre.2025.100026
Nicole Barr, Bianca Duthie, Kenneth Joubert, Jeanine Watson-van Zyl, Bronwyn Desfontaines
{"title":"Determining the validity and reliability of a novel hoof photography template in shod equines","authors":"Nicole Barr,&nbsp;Bianca Duthie,&nbsp;Kenneth Joubert,&nbsp;Jeanine Watson-van Zyl,&nbsp;Bronwyn Desfontaines","doi":"10.1016/j.eqre.2025.100026","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eqre.2025.100026","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Valid and reliable field tests may enable the equine health team to accurately assess and monitor hoof conformation. This study aimed to assess the validity of a newly-developed template to capture a true lateral photograph of the equine hoof, compared against a latero-medial view radiograph and an estimated true lateral photo.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>Two veterinarians took radiographs (RAD) of both forelimbs and measured the dorsal wall heel angle (DHWA) and heel angle (HA). Two Investigators captured photographs of each forelimb: one with the template (TEMP) and one estimated true lateral sans template (PHOTO). Concurrent validity was determined using intraclass correlation coefficients alongside Spearman’s rho. Agreement was assessed using non-parametric Bland Altman plots. Reliability and inter-observer reliability were calculated through intraclass correlation coefficients.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Good concurrent validity was found for the DHWA across all methods (ICC= 0.85; p &lt; 0.001, Spearman's <em>r</em> = 0.88, p &lt; 0.01, whereas moderate agreement was observed for HA (ICC= 0.65; p &lt; 0.001, Spearman’s <em>r</em> = 0.8, p &lt; 0.01). Comparing methods, Bland-Altman plots revealed good agreement between RAD-TEMP, RAD-PHOTO (median difference= 0°; −0.4°, respectively) for DHWA. For HA, good agreement between RAD-TEMP and RAD-PHOTO was discovered (median difference= −1°; 0.5°, respectively). Further, widespread scatter was present on all plots. Reliability between RAD-TEMP and RAD-PHOTO for the DHWA was excellent (ICC= 0.92; p &lt; 0.001, ICC= 0.90; p &lt; 0.001, respectively). Moderate reliability was found between the RAD-TEMP (ICC= 0.63; p &lt; 0.001) and RAD-PHOTO (ICC= 0.73; p &lt; 0.001) for HA.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Mobile photography of the hoof shows promising validity and reliability when using the novel template and when taking an estimated true lateral photograph.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100781,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Equine Rehabilitation","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100026"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143768693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Equine Quality of Movement Score: How reliable is it? 马的运动质量评分:它有多可靠?
Journal of Equine Rehabilitation Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eqre.2025.100023
A.G. Bowen , G. Tabor , R. Labens , M. Douglas , H. Randle
{"title":"The Equine Quality of Movement Score: How reliable is it?","authors":"A.G. Bowen ,&nbsp;G. Tabor ,&nbsp;R. Labens ,&nbsp;M. Douglas ,&nbsp;H. Randle","doi":"10.1016/j.eqre.2025.100023","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eqre.2025.100023","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Visually assessing equine quality of movement in the field is a routine part of performance management and rehabilitation procedures. To improve this subjective process, an outcome measure to grade quality of movement has been developed. The Equine Quality of Movement Score (EQoMS) is a battery of 30 standardised in-hand movement tests with a paired word and number grading system and directives to guide scoring based on key features. Six assessors (3 equine physiotherapists and 3 specialist equine veterinarians) scored video footage of 20 horses performing these movement tests. Videos were presented for scoring in a randomised order over two rounds with a 2-week gap in between. Intra-rater reliability was excellent (Spearman’s rho = 0.95, <em>P</em> = &lt;0.001), and inter-rater reliability using ranked scores was moderately strong (Spearman’s rho = 0.66–0.95, <em>P</em> = &lt;0.001). Assessors agreed on the relative quality of movement but disagreed on the absolute magnitude of movement quality. The assessors' free-text comments indicated a bias towards making negative comments. Reflecting the EQoMS directives, different features were commented on for different gaits, figures of movement and surfaces. Differences in terminology were found in the comments made by specialist equine veterinarians and equine physiotherapists, with the latter avoiding directly commenting on lameness. The variation in scores and comments emphasises the subjective nature of movement quality. Even when given the same training and directives to guide scoring, individual assessors' weighting of qualitative and quantitative elements was different. Further refinement is required to improve agreement on characteristics of equine movement, and the reliability of the EQoMS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100781,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Equine Rehabilitation","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100023"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143578689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Cognitive and physiological impacts of psychotherapy incorporating human-equine interactions during substance withdrawal: A scoping review 在药物戒断期间纳入人马相互作用的心理治疗的认知和生理影响:范围审查
Journal of Equine Rehabilitation Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eqre.2025.100022
M.M. Friend , M.C. Nicodemus , C.A. Cavinder , C.O. Lemley , P. Prince , K. Holtcamp , R. Elam
{"title":"Cognitive and physiological impacts of psychotherapy incorporating human-equine interactions during substance withdrawal: A scoping review","authors":"M.M. Friend ,&nbsp;M.C. Nicodemus ,&nbsp;C.A. Cavinder ,&nbsp;C.O. Lemley ,&nbsp;P. Prince ,&nbsp;K. Holtcamp ,&nbsp;R. Elam","doi":"10.1016/j.eqre.2025.100022","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eqre.2025.100022","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The use of psychotherapy incorporating equine interaction (PIE) is becoming widely utilized for the treatment of a range of conditions; however, evidence supporting the efficacy of this treatment is highly variable, inconsistently defined, and largely anecdotal. Further, few studies have investigated its use in the withdrawing substance use disorder (SUD) population. This scoping review investigates the physiological and cognitive implications of withdrawal associated with SUD in conjunction with the effects of psychotherapy utilizing equine interaction on these parameters. This review was developed following the guidelines of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) scoping review protocol. The search utilized Google Scholar, PubMed, Medline, and PsychInfo databases to collect literature. Of the 556 articles within the initial review, 153 papers were reviewed in full and 122 met inclusion criteria. The information from this literature indicated addiction and withdrawal chronically elevate stress responses such as cortisol. This elevation has a negative impact on cognitive functions integral to recovery. Psychotherapy incorporating equine interaction has been cited to mediate these symptoms through potential physiological coupling, thus, supporting conclusions from literature that this treatment improves recovery rates. The literature revealed enhancements in therapeutic alliances, patient comfort, confidence, mental health, emotional stability, and communication skills associated with this therapeutic intervention. As such, the literature included in this review supports the potential for the use of psychotherapy incorporating equine interaction in SUD treatment, particularly during the period of withdrawal. However, there is a lack of literature investigating physiological impacts of PIE, especially within SUD treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100781,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Equine Rehabilitation","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100022"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143550222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Immediate effect of a halfmesh pad and packer combination on movement symmetry of vertical head and pelvic displacement 半网垫和封隔器组合对垂直头部运动对称性和骨盆位移的直接影响
Journal of Equine Rehabilitation Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eqre.2025.100021
Thilo Pfau , Stephen Hewitt , Dagmar Berner , Karelhia Garcia , Haydn Price , Patrick Reilly , Renate Weller
{"title":"Immediate effect of a halfmesh pad and packer combination on movement symmetry of vertical head and pelvic displacement","authors":"Thilo Pfau ,&nbsp;Stephen Hewitt ,&nbsp;Dagmar Berner ,&nbsp;Karelhia Garcia ,&nbsp;Haydn Price ,&nbsp;Patrick Reilly ,&nbsp;Renate Weller","doi":"10.1016/j.eqre.2025.100021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eqre.2025.100021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pads and packers added between hoof and horseshoe are designed to damp impact vibrations and support the palmar aspect of the sole. This may help with force distribution and during rehabilitation from foot-related impairments. Study objective was to quantify gait changes related to contralateral weight support and vertical pushoff differences, after forelimb shoeing with a specific pad/packer combination. In an experimental study with convenience sampling, ten Thoroughbred racehorses (2–8 years,1.54 m to 1.66 m) in competitive race training were shod all round by a professional farrier with steel training plates (Royal Kerckhaert horseshoes). Gait analysis was conducted before and after addition of a halfmesh pad (3D Hoofcare) and packer (Glue-U Shudim Putty) to both forelimbs. Absolute values of normalized vertical head and pelvic movement symmetry, provided by an equine video gait analysis app (Sleip) were compared with a Wilcoxon sign rank test (<em>P &lt; 0.05</em>) before and after adding a pad/packer combination. Baseline movement symmetry varied between 0.1 (head minimum difference) and 0.55 (head maximum difference). Head movement asymmetry showed small increases after pad/packer fitting (all <em>P ≤ 0.046</em>) by 4–10 % of the range of motion. Nine of ten horses showed increased head movement asymmetry. Pelvic movement was unaffected (all <em>P ≥ 0.484</em>). The change in vertical head movement asymmetry after fitting a pad/packer combination indicates small immediate changes in vertical force distribution between contra-lateral forelimbs based on previously documented force associations. Further studies at varying time points after pad/packer fitting might help with establishing the biological relevance of the small changes found here.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100781,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Equine Rehabilitation","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100021"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143092523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Safety practices and incidents during occupational, physical, and speech language therapies that use hippotherapy in the US: A 5-year survey study 美国使用海马疗法的职业、物理和语言治疗中的安全实践和事故:一项为期5年的调查研究
Journal of Equine Rehabilitation Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eqre.2025.100029
Macie M. Bicandi , Beth E. Fields , Ellen A. Erdman , B. Caitlin Peters
{"title":"Safety practices and incidents during occupational, physical, and speech language therapies that use hippotherapy in the US: A 5-year survey study","authors":"Macie M. Bicandi ,&nbsp;Beth E. Fields ,&nbsp;Ellen A. Erdman ,&nbsp;B. Caitlin Peters","doi":"10.1016/j.eqre.2025.100029","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eqre.2025.100029","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hippotherapy is the use of equine movement as a treatment tool within occupational, physical, or speech-language therapy sessions to achieve functional outcomes. While effective, its implementation presents unique safety concerns. The purpose of this study is to describe safety incidents and safety practices in occupational, physical, and speech-language therapy incorporating hippotherapy in the U.S. across five years, 2019–2023. The five-year survey study gathered data from therapists or therapy assistants integrating hippotherapy into occupational therapy, physical therapy, or speech-language therapy. The survey asked questions regarding respondents’ clinical background and experience, safety practices, and safety incidents that occurred in their therapy sessions using hippotherapy in the previous 12 months. Across the 455 responses, descriptive statistics were calculated, and negative binomial regression was used to identify predictors of safety incidents. Out of 188,267 reported therapy sessions, client safety occurrences requiring basic first aid were reported in 0.03 % of sessions, and client injuries occurred in 0.004 % of sessions. While uncommon, client injuries included fractures, soft-tissue injuries, and concussions. Safety predictors included PATH, Intl affiliation, helmet use during ground activities, and emergency dismounts performed. Wearing helmets during ground activities reduced incidents, while frequent emergency dismounts were associated with more safety occurrences. Overall, this study suggests that industry-recommended safety protocols are widely implemented, likely contributing to the rarity of safety incidents during therapy sessions that integrate horses. Findings highlight the importance of helmet use during ground activities and proactive risk management. This research can support informed risk/benefit analyses concerning the use of hippotherapy within therapy sessions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100781,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Equine Rehabilitation","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100029"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143896162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The effect of pulsed therapeutic ultrasound on equine bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in vitro 脉冲治疗超声对体外培养马骨髓间充质干细胞的影响
Journal of Equine Rehabilitation Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eqre.2024.100018
Katherine L. Ellis, Emily A. Vermillion, Julie Gordon, Roya L. Shirzad, Valerie J. Moorman, John F. Peroni
{"title":"The effect of pulsed therapeutic ultrasound on equine bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in vitro","authors":"Katherine L. Ellis,&nbsp;Emily A. Vermillion,&nbsp;Julie Gordon,&nbsp;Roya L. Shirzad,&nbsp;Valerie J. Moorman,&nbsp;John F. Peroni","doi":"10.1016/j.eqre.2024.100018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eqre.2024.100018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To determine the effect of pulsed therapeutic ultrasound on in vitro equine bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell (BM-MSC) proliferation, viability, and cytokine/growth factor production.</div></div><div><h3>Animals</h3><div>Banked, cryopreserved BM-MSCs from six horses</div></div><div><h3>Procedures</h3><div>BM-MSCs from six horses were divided into control and treatment groups. Therapeutic ultrasound was applied using 20 % pulse rate, 10 min, 3.3 MHz, 1.5 Watts/cm<sup>2</sup>, based on pilot study data. Viability was assessed using AlamarBlue; cell proliferation was assessed by calculating the area fraction post treatment (time 0), 24, 48, 72 h. Cytokine (IL-17, IL-10, IL-6) and growth factor (VEGF-A, TGF- β1) analysis was performed at 24 h.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>No significant difference between treatment and control groups was found on viability (P = 0.087) or proliferation up to 72 h post-treatment (P &gt; 0.072). No significant differences were present for IL-17 (P = 0.443), IL-10 (P = 0.746), IL-6 (P = 0.156), VEGF-A (P = 0.730) or TGF- β1 (P = 0.673).</div></div><div><h3>Clinical Relevance</h3><div>Results of this study suggest that pulsed therapeutic ultrasound does not negatively affect BM-MSC proliferation, viability, or cytokine/growth factor production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100781,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Equine Rehabilitation","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100018"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143092526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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