Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology最新文献

{"title":"Agar-gelatin-derived hydrogel-based controlled delivery devices for linuron herbicide to prevent environmental hazards","authors":"Jasvir Singh,&nbsp;Baljit Singh,&nbsp;Vishavnath","doi":"10.1016/j.enceco.2024.05.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enceco.2024.05.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Innovation in agriculture chemicals and delivery systems is essential for the production of food for sustainable development. Herein, natural polymers and agar-gelatin-derived controlled delivery devices for linuron herbicide to prevent environmental and health hazards. These hydrogels were designed by the <em>graft</em>-copolymerization reaction of poly(methacrylamide) [poly(MAAm)] on agar-gelatin for use as controlled-release formulations (CRF). Copolymers were characterized by Copolymers were characterized scanning electron micrographs (SEM), Atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), ¹³C-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and thermogravimetric analysis -differential thermogravimetry (TGA-DTG) techniques. SEM shows the uneven surface morphology, and AFM showed a rough surface with an average roughness value of 137.50 nm in the polymeric matrix. The amorphous nature of the polymer was confirmed with XRD techniques. Grafting of the poly(MAAm) on the agar and gelatin was confirmed by FTIR and ¹³C NMR spectra. Agar-gelatin-cl-poly(MAAm) hydrogels absorbed water at 4.05 ± 0.32 g per gram, which is useful for soil water retention. Release of the linuron herbicide occurred in a controlled manner during 72 h of observations and followed non-Fickian diffusion mechanism. The slow release of the linuron from the hydrogel is a useful observation for preventing leaching and evaporation loss of herbicide. In the soil column, the release of linuron occurred in a slow and sustained manner for 240 h. A soil adsorption study showed a decrease in ground water ubiquity score (GUS) for linuron-encapsulated hydrogel as compared to commercial formulations. It can reduce groundwater contamination risk due to the leaching of the linuron herbicide. Degradation of CRF may improve micronutrient and soil quality.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100480,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology","volume":"6 ","pages":"Pages 153-163"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590182624000146/pdfft?md5=c8250569e626933ab0d85e41460ec746&pid=1-s2.0-S2590182624000146-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141164361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brominated flame retardants in road dust and green belt soil from Harbin, China: Contamination characteristics, sources and health risks","authors":"Ye Zhang ,&nbsp;Jin-Nong Li ,&nbsp;Lin-Hui Zhang ,&nbsp;Bo Meng ,&nbsp;Yi-Fan Li ,&nbsp;Hang Xiao ,&nbsp;Kolodeznikov Vasiliy Egorovich ,&nbsp;Petrova Natalia Nikolaevna ,&nbsp;Zi-Feng Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhong-Hua Tang","doi":"10.1016/j.enceco.2024.05.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enceco.2024.05.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Brominated flame retardants (BFRs), categorized as persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are difficult to degrade, exhibiting reproductive toxicity and carcinogenicity. Exposure to dust and soil particles containing BFRs may cause various health problems. The research aimed to assess the concentrations, potential origins, and health risks associated with polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and novel BFRs (NBFRs) in road dust and green belt soil in Harbin. The study revealed that ΣPBDE concentrations ranging from 0.15 to 193.75 ng/g (median: 48.01 ng/g) in road dust and 8.07 to 195.33 ng/g (median: 38.19 ng/g) in green belt soil. Notably, TBBPA contributed the most to the ΣPBDEs concentrations. And the concentrations of ΣNBFRs ranged from 2.34 to 130.53 ng/g (median: 18.48 ng/g) in road dust and 2.50 to 46.70 ng/g (median: 7.85 ng/g) in green belt soil. And tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) was the most dominant compound in both samples. Highways exhibited lower ΣPBDE concentrations in dust samples but higher ΣNBFR concentrations in soil samples compared to other roads. Moreover, most of the BFRs had a positive correlation with each other, suggesting that they may have similar sources. Principal component analysis (PCA) suggested BFRs sources in road dust may come from wire, paint, building materials or commercial products, likewise, BFRs in green belt soil may come from household or industrial products. Health risk assessment indicated that BFRs in both types of samples in Harbin had no non-carcinogenic risk to residents. These findings provide valuable insights into understanding BFR pollution characteristics, identifying specific sources, and recognizing health hazards in dust and soil samples on roads from Harbin.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100480,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology","volume":"6 ","pages":"Pages 229-235"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590182624000171/pdfft?md5=e967b761a1a1b375980d5392c1a6c868&pid=1-s2.0-S2590182624000171-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141274854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytoremediation of pharmaceuticals and personal care products using the constructed wetland","authors":"Swati Singh ,&nbsp;Apeksha Pant ,&nbsp;Kasturi Dutta ,&nbsp;Radha Rani ,&nbsp;Meththika Vithanage ,&nbsp;Achlesh Daverey","doi":"10.1016/j.enceco.2024.04.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enceco.2024.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) are ubiquitously found pseudo-persistent group of emerging contaminants that causes ecotoxicity even at nano-concentrations. Due to their persistence and bio-accumulative behavior, long-term exposure to these pollutants increases the risk of severe health disorders in humans and poses ecological risks to aquatic life. Sedimentation, membrane filtration, advanced oxidation, activated sludge, and membrane bioreactors are a few of the treatment processes with treatment efficiency ranging from 50 to 95%, but they have limitations such as high investment, towering operating costs, use of chemicals, membrane fouling issues etc. Constructed wetlands (CW) are promising low cost, nature-based solutions having potential of PPCPs removal by simultaneous action of physical, chemical and biological processes. Herein, substrate material, plants and microbes play crucial roles in eliminating PPCPs. Phytoremediation of PPCPs occurs via plant uptake, translocation and degradation. Plants like <em>Canna indica</em> and <em>Phragmites australis</em> have shown ∼70–90% antibiotics removal efficiency. Biofilm formation and colonization of microbes lead to the microbial degradation of micro-pollutants apart from the synergistic effect of the plant-endophytic relationship. This bacterial property could be used in CWs for bioremediation of water and wastewaters, as substrates provide substratum for microbial adherence and biofilm formation. Quorum sensing (QS) is a density-based cell-communication system where bacterial cells send signals among themselves during biofilm formation. In this respect, QS-assisted biodegradation via augmentation of engineered bacteria with genes to enhance QS can be a novel approach for the degradation of organic pollutants in CWs with microbial richness.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100480,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology","volume":"6 ","pages":"Pages 104-116"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590182624000067/pdfft?md5=2981b58a0387c01e1ff214e174e2e27c&pid=1-s2.0-S2590182624000067-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140766485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urban ambient PM10 analysis: Characterization, sources, health risk and sustainable solutions","authors":"Mayuri Patil ,&nbsp;Asmita S. Jadhav ,&nbsp;Sunit Kumar Singh ,&nbsp;Sopan Ingle","doi":"10.1016/j.enceco.2024.05.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enceco.2024.05.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This is the first inclusive research concerning PM₁₀ samples collected from 3 cities of Maharashtra State of India which categorized into 9 microenvironments. This study presents insights to chemical and morphological analysis, health risks, source apportionment, with sustainable solutions to improve air quality. These samples were analyzed for elemental composition as well as morphological features. Average PM₁₀ concentration at industrial area of Jalgaon city was found to be maximum (70.9 ± 2.7 μg/m³) while minimum at residential area of Pachora city (43.1 ± 5.2 μg/m³). The mean concentration of 8 elements followed the order of (Co &lt; Cd &lt; Ni &lt; Cr &lt; Pb &lt; Mn &lt; Zn &lt; Fe). These particles showed varying morphologies such as spherical, rectangular, cluster, porous shape. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) revealed that elements mainly originate from vehicular exhaust, construction activities, coal combustion and re-suspension of crustal elements due to anthropogenic activities. Health risk assessment showed that the incremental excess lifetime cancer risk (IELCR) for Pb was below threshold limit. Nonetheless, the exposed population is highly susceptible to Cr, Ni, and Co causing high risk of cancer at all sites.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100480,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology","volume":"6 ","pages":"Pages 192-205"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S259018262400016X/pdfft?md5=98315e8988fb5963b1f116c43d41d138&pid=1-s2.0-S259018262400016X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141409597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human health risk exposure from suspected BTEX and HMs contamination of Manihot spp. from nearby remediated oil spill field in Niger Delta, Nigeria","authors":"Omobolaji O. Afolabi ,&nbsp;Maureen O. Ugwu ,&nbsp;Alex I.A. Fubara ,&nbsp;Toochukwu T. Ugwuechendu ,&nbsp;Okechukwu N.N. Okoye ,&nbsp;Sunday O. Jackson ,&nbsp;Augustine O. Wokocha","doi":"10.1016/j.enceco.2024.07.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enceco.2024.07.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Crude oil related activities in the Niger Delta region has exposed the environment to various degrees of pollutants, including heavy metals (HMs) and BTEX (Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene, <em>m</em>, <em>p</em>-xylene, and <em>o</em>-xylene). The study assessed the human health risk exposure to BTEX and HMs (Lead, (Pb), chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), Nickel (Ni), copper (Cu) and iron (Fe) from remediated oil spilled field. Soil and Cassava tubers were collected around the field and analysed through laboratory procedures using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry and Gas Chromatography Flame under ASTMD 4691 and USEPA 8260B for HMs and BTEX, respectively.</p></div><div><h3>Result</h3><p>The mean concentration of Pb, Cd, Cr, Ni, Fe and Cu in the soil was 0.234 mg/kg, 0.004 mg/kg, 0.299 mg/kg, 0.307 mg/kg, 1.552 mg/kg and 0.527 mg/kg respectively and the concentration exceeded the allowable limit of WHO. The mean concentration of BTEX in the soil and Cassava was 0.0419 mg/kg and 0.1603 mg/kg, respectively and trended as Toluene (0.016 mg/kg) &gt; Xylene (0.011 mg/kg) &gt; Benzene (0.007 mg/kg) &gt; Ethylbenzene (0.007 mg/kg) in soil and Ethylbenzene (0.057 mg/kg) &gt; Xylene (0.051 mg/kg) &gt; Benzene (0.034 mg/kg) &gt; Toluene (0.02 mg/kg). The human health risk based on the target hazard quotient (THQ) for non-carcinogenic parameters in soil and Cassava ranged from “No Significant Risk of Non-Carcinogenic-NSRNc (THQ x 10^-6) to Moderate Significant Risk of Non-Carcinogenic- MSRNc (THQ × 10^-3)” for adults and children. The total carcinogenic risk (TCR) of the HMs and BTEX in soil and Cassava for adults and children was within the “Negligible Carcinogenic Risk for Human-ACRH (TCR × 10^-6 to TCR × 10^-9)”.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Continuous consumption and bioaccumulation of Cassava means the population are not entirely free from the risk of health exposure to BTEX and heavy metals; therefore, effective environmental sustainability practices must be encouraged.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100480,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology","volume":"6 ","pages":"Pages 347-353"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590182624000304/pdfft?md5=f7b78bc9c0a2fc38de195e66069729d2&pid=1-s2.0-S2590182624000304-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141843454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, neonicotinoid insecticides, benzotriazoles and benzothiazoles: Associations with human non-alcoholic fatty liver disease","authors":"Ronghua Qin ,&nbsp;Bo Zhang ,&nbsp;Huimin Zhu ,&nbsp;Yiyu Chen ,&nbsp;Shiming Song ,&nbsp;Tao Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.enceco.2024.07.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enceco.2024.07.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Evidence of the joint association between exposure to multiple environmental chemicals and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is scarce. In this study, 281 participants from Zhuhai, China (138 patients with NAFLD vs. 143 healthy participants) were recruited to explore the associations of 40 <em>per</em>- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), 11 neonicotinoid insecticides (NEOs), and 8 benzotriazoles (BTRs) and benzothiazoles (BTHs) with the risk of NAFLD. Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and its emerging alternatives (6:2 chlorinated polyfluorinated ether sulfonate [6:2 Cl-PFESA] and 8:2 fluorotelomer sulfonic acid [8:2 FTSA]), NEO metabolites (m-NEOs), BTR, and BTH were the predominant PFAS, NEOs, BTRs and BTHs, respectively. The total median concentrations of PFAS (20.4 ng/mL vs. 7.16 ng/mL) and NEOs (7.24 ng/mL vs. 6.23 ng/mL) in NAFLD group were significantly higher than those in healthy group. Sex differences in PFAS exposure have been observed among patients with NAFLD. 8:2 FTSA and short-chain PFAS were more predominant in female patients with NAFLD, whereas other emerging (i.e., 6:2 and 8:2 Cl-PFESA) and legacy PFAS (i.e., PFOS and long-chain perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids) easily accumulated in male patients with NAFLD. The results of the multiple linear regression analysis indicated a significant positive association between PFOS and alanine transaminase (ALT) in serum samples from patients with NAFLD (<em>β</em> = 23.2, 95% confidence intervals (CI): 7.82, 38.5). Conversely, negative correlations were observed between 5-hydroxy-imidacloprid (5-OH-IMI) and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) (<em>β</em> = −2.73, 95% CI: −5.29, −0.18), as well as between tolyltriazole (TTR) and total bilirubin (TBIL) (<em>β</em> = −0.70, 95% CI: −1.33, −0.08) and direct bilirubin (DBIL) (<em>β</em> = −0.59, 95% CI: −0.98, −0.20). The Bayesian kernel machine regression model revealed a positive joint effect of exposure to PFAS and NEO on elevated NAFLD outcomes, suggesting that exposure to PFAS and NEO might exacerbate the severity of NAFLD. This study fills the knowledge gap between multi-pollutant exposure and NAFLD risk.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100480,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology","volume":"6 ","pages":"Pages 283-292"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590182624000262/pdfft?md5=7e38708f3ca82098112c104e3313e864&pid=1-s2.0-S2590182624000262-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141691791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Water quality, heavy metal contamination and health risk assessment of surface water bodies of Mohammedia prefecture, Morocco","authors":"Rachida El Morabet ,&nbsp;Larbi Barhazi ,&nbsp;Soufiane Bouhafa ,&nbsp;Mohammed Abdullah Dahim ,&nbsp;Roohul Abad Khan ,&nbsp;Abdullah Mohammed Dahim","doi":"10.1016/j.enceco.2023.12.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enceco.2023.12.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Research work on surface water bodies in Morocco has been in majority restricted to physicochemical and biological concentration. Hence, this study was conducted to address the existing research gap by evaluating heavy metal contamination and its associated risk assessment in surface water bodies, in Mohammedia prefecture, Morocco. A total of 22 water samples were evaluated regarding physicochemical factors and heavy metals. The parameters analyzed are pH, temperature (T), electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), calcium (Ca²⁺), Sodium (Na⁺), Potassium (K⁺), Ammonia (NH⁺), dissolved oxygen (DO), Sulphate (SO₄²⁻), nitrite (NO²⁻), nitrate (NO³⁻), phosphate (PO₄³⁻), total phosphate (TP), total kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), Iron (Fe), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn). Overall water quality (Ow) and status of contamination presented the water quality and pollution quantitatively. Carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic risks were estimated for health risk assessment. Ca²⁺ was the most abundant cation, and SO₄³⁻ was the most abundant anion. Heavy metal concentrations were within permissible limits. Ow was good in terms of being suitable for parameters, i.e., &lt;1 except for NH+. Which indicated water quality in the category of “highly polluted” &gt;2.5. Pollution index (PI) indicated high pollution (14–74) at S3, S4, S5, and S6 sample points. In addition, Pb was a significant contributor to deteriorating water quality, with individual contributions ranging from 1 to 12 at sites S1, S2, and S3. For heavy metal hazards, i.e., adverse health effects, Hazard Quotient (HQ) (0.0002–0.01) was &lt;1 for sample points, and Hazard Index (HI) (0.007–0.01) had a similar trend. They were inferring no significant non-carcinogenic health impact on its consumers. Carcinogenic risk (CR) was found to be within acceptable limits for CD, Cu, Pb, and Zn, i.e., 10⁻⁴ to 10⁻⁶. At points S2, S3, and S4, the carcinogenic index (CI) was above the acceptable limit, with values ranging from 1 × 10⁻³ to 7.9 × 10⁻³ attributed to Fe. Therefore, according to the findings of this research, the water quality is not suitable for direct consumption in its current state. Hence the study recommends treatment of surface water bodies prior to consumption.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100480,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology","volume":"6 ","pages":"Pages 33-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590182623000309/pdfft?md5=f6efa13b46cb4e92dd75c8f53f49bee3&pid=1-s2.0-S2590182623000309-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139395010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pollution characteristics of heavy metal(loid)s in soil in China: Implications for health risk assessment and temporal trend analysis","authors":"Chang-Yu Weng ,&nbsp;Shi-Ming Jia ,&nbsp;De-Qi Wang ,&nbsp;Wan-Li Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.enceco.2024.07.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enceco.2024.07.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The ecological and human health risks associated with heavy metal(loid)s (HMs) have attracted much attentions worldwide. In this study, 153 topsoil samples were collected across China in 2019, aiming to investigate the HMs pollution characteristics. The soil samples were collected from areas such as parks, schools, communities, and rural regions, which were far away from pollution sources of HMs. In order to study the temporal trend of pollution, related studies from 2000 to 2015 in China were also summarized. The findings indicated that Cd, Cu, Zn, and Pb were the major HMs with the mean concentrations of Cd, Cu, Zn, and Pb were 0.40, 36.5, 107, and 33.5 mg/kg, respectively. High background values and metal processing resulted in high total concentrations of Cd, As, Cr, and V especially in Southwest China (such as Guizhou and Yunnan provinces). The result of the Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) model indicated the primary source of HMs was natural source (45.3%), followed by traffic source (20.6%), industrial source (17.3%), and agricultural source (16.8%). The health risk assessment of HMs indicated that non-carcinogenic risks were minimal, however, carcinogenic risks (95th) for As, Cr, and Cd should attract attentions. Compared with the measurements from 2000 to 2015, the pollution levels of HMs showed a decreasing trend in China in 2019, which indicated the effectives on HMs control along with the implementation of the control policy on soil in China.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100480,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology","volume":"6 ","pages":"Pages 248-258"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590182624000286/pdfft?md5=d74e835bb2665d87e0ffc8ef2e5cb122&pid=1-s2.0-S2590182624000286-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141960280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current status and performance evaluation of emerging advanced remediation techniques for the removal of steroidal hormones in water","authors":"Ajibola A. Bayode ,&nbsp;Stephen Sunday Emmanuel ,&nbsp;Saheed O. Sanni ,&nbsp;Olamide A. Olalekan ,&nbsp;Odunayo Timothy Ore ,&nbsp;Daniel Terlanga Koko ,&nbsp;Martins O. Omorogie","doi":"10.1016/j.enceco.2024.07.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enceco.2024.07.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Micropollutants such as steroid hormones contaminate water worldwide and cause significant damage. Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) partially remove them, and they have low biodegradability leading to their persistence in water bodies. They are endocrine disruptor compounds in aquatic organisms. Various environmental conditions contribute to their persistence in the environment like soil pH, organic matter, soil conditions, and temperature. The aquatic environment is most threatened even when present at very low concentrations. The environment is exposed to steroid hormones from agricultural run-offs, pharmaceutical and industrial waste, and veterinary medicine. Since most WWTPs partially remove contaminants, there is a need for new and improved technologies for higher and more efficient removal of steroid hormones.</p><p>This paper discusses the fate and toxicity of steroid hormones in the aquatic environment. It further elucidates the existing and emerging technologies in the treatment of steroid hormones in aquatic environments. Finally, the conclusion of this review along with the current limitations and future research perspectives of hormones present in the environment are elucidated.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100480,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology","volume":"6 ","pages":"Pages 315-337"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590182624000274/pdfft?md5=efbaff2ec1b880805924e59bf21b9845&pid=1-s2.0-S2590182624000274-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141840520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Particle size effect of Moringa oleifera Lam. seeds on the turbidity removal and antibacterial activity for drinking water treatment","authors":"Ahsan Shah ,&nbsp;Georgina Manning ,&nbsp;Julia Zakharova ,&nbsp;Arun Arjunan ,&nbsp;Maryam Batool ,&nbsp;Alisha J. Hawkins","doi":"10.1016/j.enceco.2024.07.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enceco.2024.07.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The treatment of drinking water using <em>Moringa oleifera</em> (MO) Lam. seeds is gaining popularity as a sustainable alternative to synthetic chemicals. However, there is limited literature on the effect of particle size of the ground MO seeds on their coagulation characteristics, which is revealed in this study. To investigate the impact of the particle size, the sun-dried MO seeds were ground and sieved into five distinct sizes ranging from (<em>i</em>) &lt;0.25 mm, (<em>ii</em>) 0.25–0.4 mm, (<em>iii</em>) 0.4–0.8 mm, (<em>iv</em>) 0.8–1.25 mm, and (<em>v</em>) 1.25–2.0 mm. The seed protein for the experiment was then prepared by stirring a 2% (<em>w</em>/<em>v</em>) solution of the five different seed powders in tap water. Six different protein doses between 100 and 350 mg/l were added to separate glass beakers featuring a synthetic solution of 80 nephelometric turbidity units (NTU) turbidity. The experimental results revealed that the MO seed particle sizes of 0.8–0.4 mm and 0.4–0.25 mm demonstrated superior coagulation characteristics compared to the other size categories tested. Specifically, a dose of 200–300 mg/l was found to be effective in reducing the turbidity to 5 NTU and eliminating <span><math><mo>∼</mo></math></span>100% of <em>E. coli</em> after 3 h of settling. The surface characterisation showed a heterogenous surface and the presence of functional groups, which may have aided coagulation and caused the reduction in turbidity and microbial load. Statistical analysis revealed a <em>P</em> value &lt;0.05, indicating that the results were highly consistent with no &gt;5% variation. The study is also extended to explore the mechanism of coagulation of MO seeds, and the potential application of the research at a domestic scale is also discussed. Overall, the resulting water treated with MO met the WHO criteria.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100480,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology","volume":"6 ","pages":"Pages 370-379"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590182624000298/pdfft?md5=573b608148f7978a0d975d7e0004cb98&pid=1-s2.0-S2590182624000298-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141847373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}