Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology最新文献

{"title":"Biodegradable and conventional microplastics as vectors of extracellular ARGs in WWTP effluents: Mechanistic and differential global health risk","authors":"Qikun Pu ,&nbsp;Xixi Li ,&nbsp;Yu Li","doi":"10.1016/j.enceco.2025.11.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enceco.2025.11.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microplastics (MPs) in wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluents created a unique microenvironment for extracellular antibiotic resistance genes (eARGs) within extracellular DNA (eDNA). However, the micro-scale mechanisms governing the association of eARGs with biodegradable versus non-biodegradable MPs—and the resulting health risks—in WWTP effluents remained poorly understood on a global scale. In this study, the first comprehensive characterization of eARGs bound to biodegradable (polylactic acid, polyhydroxyalkanoates, and poly (butylene succinate)) and non-biodegradable (polyethylene, polystyrene, and polyvinyl chloride) MPs in WWTP effluents was presented, alongside an evaluation of the contributions of key environmental factors. The findings revealed that MPs selectively adsorbed eDNA fragments, with biodegradable MPs exhibiting markedly higher loading capacities. MPs underwent heterogeneous aggregation with effluent eDNA and low-molecular-weight environmental molecules via van der Waals interactions and hydrogen bonding; Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ ions further facilitated eDNA adsorption through cation bridging. Conversely, disinfection by-products, dissolved organic matter (DOM), and antibiotics (ANT) attenuated eDNA adsorption via steric hindrance. However, DOM and ANT could co-adsorb onto MP surfaces, indirectly amplifying the health risks of MP-associated eARGs. A global health risk assessment of eARG-laden MPs in WWTP effluents identified high-risk regions such as Morocco, Vietnam, Denmark, Portugal, South Korea, and India spanning Western, Central, and Southern Europe, Western Asia, and Africa. Therefore, while global efforts focus on restricting or banning non-biodegradable plastics and promoting biodegradable alternatives, the health risks associated with biodegradable MPs carrying eARGs should be a priority concern. Furthermore, the molecular-level mechanisms driving the association of eARGs with MPs elucidated in this study can provide theoretical foundations and references for the development of risk control technologies targeting the transmission of MPs and ARGs in WWTP effluents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100480,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 29-42"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145521091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digestive enzyme-driven desorption of phenanthrene from microplastics in a simulated human gut","authors":"Guoqing Hou ,&nbsp;Tianhui Zhao ,&nbsp;Rui Zhang ,&nbsp;Mengyuan Fang ,&nbsp;Lin Niu ,&nbsp;Qitao Lei ,&nbsp;Qiang Li ,&nbsp;Zhi Tang ,&nbsp;Xiaoli Zhao ,&nbsp;Fengchang Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.enceco.2025.12.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enceco.2025.12.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microplastics (MPs) are ubiquitous in aquatic environments and readily adsorb surrounding pollutants during transport. Upon ingestion, these pollutant-laden MPs may release their adsorbed contaminants in the human gastrointestinal tract, posing potential health risks. This study investigates the interactions between phenanthrene (Phe) and MPs in simulated digestive fluids using batch adsorption/desorption experiments and molecular dynamics simulations. Results showed that Phe undergoes rapid desorption in the early stages of digestion, strongly influenced by enzyme type and concentration. Among the tested enzymes, mucin exhibited the highest desorption efficiency, followed by trypsin, lipase, and pepsin, attributable to differences in molecular structure, surface activity, and binding affinity. Maximum desorption efficiencies reached 39.1 % for polyethylene (PE) and 55.4 % for polystyrene (PS) in mucin-containing gastric fluid. The enzymes facilitated Phe desorption by competing for adsorption sites, enhancing solubility, and weakening Phe-MPs interactions. PS showed higher than PE due to its lower sorptive affinity and distinct surface properties. Risk assessment indicated that the carcinogenic risk of desorbed Phe was below safety thresholds but could increase notably in highly contaminated real-world settings. These findings highlight the critical but underappreciated role of digestive enzymes in mediating pollutant release from MPs and underscore the need to reevaluate their health risks in biological systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100480,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 565-576"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145736445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polymer-specific toxicity of microplastics to Microcystis aeruginosa: Growth inhibition, physiological responses, and molecular mechanisms","authors":"Xiaowei Zheng ,&nbsp;Weizhen Zhang ,&nbsp;Jue Li ,&nbsp;Shun Zhang ,&nbsp;Qihui Li ,&nbsp;Zhengqiu Fan ,&nbsp;Zengyun Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.enceco.2025.11.033","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enceco.2025.11.033","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microplastics (MPs), as emerging contaminants, are increasingly prevalent in the environment, posing significant threats to ecosystems and human health. However, the ecological risks associated with different polymer types, particularly their toxic effects and underlying molecular mechanisms on cyanobacteria, remain poorly understood. This study comprehensively investigated the toxicological impacts of four common MPs—polyethylene (PE), polystyrene (PS), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)—on <em>Microcystis aeruginosa</em> (<em>M. aeruginosa</em>) over a 12-day exposure period. Results showed that all four MPs significantly inhibited <em>M. aeruginosa</em> growth, with maximum inhibition rates of 68.3 % (50 mg/L PE, day 6), 61.0 % (50 mg/L PS, day 4), 68.2 % (200 mg/L PVC, day 8), and 63.3 % (100 mg/L PTFE, day 6), respectively. Additionally, MPs exposure led to reduced chlorophyll content, impaired photosynthetic activity, and induced oxidative stress, though these effects exhibited temporal dynamics and partial reversibility. Integrated transcriptomic and physiological analyses revealed polymer-specific mechanisms: PE, PVC, and PTFE primarily disrupted <em>M. aeruginosa</em> growth by targeting ABC transporter and oxidative phosphorylation pathways, whereas PS affected ABC transporter and amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism pathways. This study elucidates the toxicological mechanisms of different MP polymer types and provides critical insights for assessing their ecological risks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100480,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 537-550"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145736447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Streamlined Automated Liquid Handling and 96-Well Solid-Phase Extraction for Single Low-Volume Urine Aliquot Multiclass Biomarker Analysis in Human Biomonitoring.","authors":"Ravikumar Jagani, Dhavalkumar Patel, Anil K Meher, Divya Pulivarthi, Jasmin Chovatiya, Hiraj Patel, Sandipkumar Teraiya, Syam S Andra","doi":"10.1016/j.enceco.2026.08.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enceco.2026.08.006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Laboratory automation has gained significant importance in large-scale biomonitoring studies, providing notable advantages in sample handling, pre-treatment, and cleanup processes. This study introduces a validated automated 96-well format method for the simultaneous extraction and analysis of various urinary biomarkers belonging to different chemical classes. These chemical classes, listed in alphabetical order, include compounds or their metabolites belonging to cannabinoids, environmental phenols, organophosphate flame retardants, non-persistent pesticides, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, tobacco, and volatile organic compounds. The automated workflow employs an epMotion 5075 vtc workstation for sample preparation, featuring automated sample aliquoting, enzymatic pre-treatment, and solid-phase extraction cleanup, followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis. Method validation was performed using urine quality control pools spiked with 0.1 to 10 ppb of each analyte. Results demonstrated excellent precision, with coefficients of variation below 20% for both native and internal standard responses across the chemical classes. Recovery rates for spiked samples consistently ranged from 80% to 120%, affirming the method's accuracy and reliability. The consistency in performance across different chemical classes and concentration ranges highlights the robustness of the automated method. The automated system effectively quantified biomarkers at low ng/mL concentrations in native (unspiked) urine samples, demonstrating sensitivity that is appropriate for comprehensive exposure assessment studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":100480,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology","volume":"8 ","pages":"2693-2721"},"PeriodicalIF":12.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13528757/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148868706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polystyrene microplastics disrupt osteogenic differentiation via lysosome-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction: Protective role of mTOR signaling","authors":"Sobarathne Senel Sanjaya ,&nbsp;Wisurumuni Arachchilage Hasitha Maduranga Karunarathne ,&nbsp;Jinkuk Park ,&nbsp;Cheng-Yun Jin ,&nbsp;Yung Hyun Choi ,&nbsp;Gi-Young Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.enceco.2025.12.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enceco.2025.12.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs), increasingly detected in aquatic environments, raise health concerns for humans and animals. However, their specific cellular effects remain incompletely characterized. This study identifies a mechanistic pathway by which PS-MPs impair osteogenic differentiation via organelle-specific stress responses in zebrafish larvae and MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts. PS-MP exposure delayed vertebral mineralization and downregulation of key osteogenic makers. Mechanistically, PS-MPs were internalized through clathrin-mediated endocytosis, transported via the <em>endo</em>-lysosomal system, and accumulated within lysosomes. Lysosomal accumulation of PS-MPs induced lysosomal membrane permeabilization, indicated by increaed colocalization of galectin-3 and lysosomeassociated membrane protein 1, leading to oxidative stress. The resulting mitochondrial dysfunction included initial compensatory fusion responses, followed by impaired mitochondrial dynamics and suppressed mitochondrial biogenesis. These effects were accompanied by activation of PTEN-induced kinase 1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy and exacerbated lysomal stress. Notably, pharmacological activation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling with MHY1485 restored mitochondrial abundance, upregulated peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha, reduced mitophagy, and stabilized lysomal membrane integrity–without altering PS-MP uptake. Collectively, these findings reveal a novel organelle-to-organelle stress axis initiated by PS-MP exposure and suggest mTOR activation as a potential therapeutic approach to mitigate PS-MP-induced cellular dysfunction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100480,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 521-536"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145736446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plastic-derived dissolved organic matter modulates liquid crystal monomer toxicity in Chlorella vulgaris via metabolic plasticity","authors":"Shuting Fang ,&nbsp;Yiquan Huang ,&nbsp;Changqing Yao ,&nbsp;Baohua Huang ,&nbsp;Chao Chen ,&nbsp;Qijun Ruan ,&nbsp;Shuqin Liu ,&nbsp;Gangfeng Ouyang","doi":"10.1016/j.enceco.2026.01.028","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enceco.2026.01.028","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Liquid crystal monomers (LCMs) are emerging contaminants, yet evidence regarding their aquatic toxicity toward primary producers remains limited, particularly under co-exposure to plastic-derived dissolved organic matter (DOM). Here, we investigated the single and combined effects of LCMs and polyethylene-derived DOM (PE-DOM) on <em>Chlorella vulgaris</em> (<em>C. vulgaris</em>) during a 192-h exposure by integrating physiological responses, LCM bioaccumulation, and untargeted metabolomics. LCM exposure led to quantifiable accumulation, thereby inducing oxidative and metabolic stress in <em>C. vulgaris.</em> The resulting antioxidant activation and resource reallocation toward defense came at the expense of growth and photosynthetic capacity. Under co-exposure, lower PE-DOM loading, corresponding to limited inputs of chemically reactive fractions, did not affect LCM bioaccumulation but partially buffered LCM-induced physiological impairment via enhanced antioxidant defenses and coordinated metabolic compensation. In contrast, increasing PE-DOM loadings reduced early LCM accumulation yet amplified oxidative damage, accompanied by antioxidant defense collapse, broad metabolic dysregulation, and aggravated cellular damage. These results indicate that PE-DOM modulates LCM-induced biological outcomes through loading-driven shifts in algal metabolic plasticity. Taken together, our findings suggest that LCM aquatic toxicity may vary across plastic-impacted environments, highlighting the importance of considering plastic-derived DOM in aquatic risk assessments of LCMs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100480,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 1185-1194"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146173094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual benefits of rotation crops: Root nematode suppression and pesticide remediation through biosolarization","authors":"Marina Aliste ,&nbsp;Caridad Ros ,&nbsp;Isabel Garrido ,&nbsp;Carmen María Martínez ,&nbsp;Adriana Fuensanta Esteban ,&nbsp;María Ángeles Hernández ,&nbsp;Fulgencio Contreras ,&nbsp;Pilar Flores ,&nbsp;Pilar Hellín ,&nbsp;José Fenoll","doi":"10.1016/j.enceco.2025.12.026","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enceco.2025.12.026","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The dual use of rotation crops for suppressing <em>Meloidogyne incognita</em> (<em>M. incognita)</em> and their residues as organic matter amendments for pesticide remediation via biosolarization was investigated. Four plant species (mustard, radish, red clover, and sorghum) were evaluated for their response to <em>M. incognita</em> under controlled conditions using clay loam soil, with pepper as a susceptible control. Radish and sorghum exhibited low gall index and reproduction factor, indicating potential resistance or tolerance to root-knot nematodes (RKN). Fresh residues of these four species were also incorporated into historically contaminated agricultural soil at 5 % and 10 % (<em>w</em>/w) rates and subjected to biosolarization for 90 days under polyethylene covers. Soil temperature and physicochemical properties were monitored, and pesticide dissipation was assessed over time. In this soil, 15 pesticides were detected, with a cumulative concentration of 2.6 mg kg⁻¹. Biosolarization treatments enhanced pesticide dissipation compared to solarization alone and untreated control, with half-lives ranging from 52 to 120 days. Amendment type and rate influenced degradation efficiency, with low C/N ratio residues (mustard, radish, red clover) showing greater enhancement than high C/N ratio (sorghum). Higher amendment rates (10 % <em>w</em>/w) of radish and red clover significantly improved dissipation. In contrast to previous biosolarization studies that focused primarily on pathogen or pesticide control using conventional organic matter amendments (e.g., composts, manures, or agro-industrial wastes), this study demonstrates the use of rotation crop residues (selected for their nematode-suppressive potential) as functional biosolarization amendments. This integrated strategy links biological pest management with pesticide remediation, advancing the concept of biosolarization toward a more holistic and sustainable soil health approach.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100480,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 770-779"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145924316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gut and fecal microbial community responses of a marine copepod to micro(nano)plastics","authors":"Zipei Dong ,&nbsp;Wen-Xiong Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.enceco.2025.12.030","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enceco.2025.12.030","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Micro(nano)plastic (MNP) pollution in the ocean raises concerns about their ecological risks. This study investigated the responses of gut and fecal microbiomes of a marine copepod <em>Calanus sinicus</em> to MNP exposure. Using aggregation-induced emission luminogen bacterial probes, we first visualized and quantified the bacterial distribution and abundance changes in copepod gut and fecal pellets following 200 μg/L of MP (5 μm) and NP (50 nm) exposure. Results revealed bacterial colonization in the anterior midgut, but MNPs induced significant increase in gut bacteria with a shift in gut/fecal balance. Specifically, the average fluorescence intensity of gut bacterial clusters increased by 51.8 % and 74.4 %, and conversely fecal bacterial abundance reduced by 41.4 % and 52.0 %, upon MP and NP exposure, respectively. Metagenomic sequencing revealed that MNP exposure resulted in reduced community diversity of fecal microbiome, characterized by decreased core groups and enriched plastic-associated genera. The most abundant <em>Pseudophaeobacter</em> decreased by 18.7–20.5 % under MNP exposure. Short-term MNP exposure had no major impact on KEGG pathways and CAZy classes, but significantly upregulated the MNP degradation-related functions, also disrupted the key genes involved in metabolism, oxidative stress, and biofilm formation. These findings provide key insights for the disturbance posed by MNPs to copepod guts and fecal microbiota.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100480,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 760-769"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145924264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) biomass characterization for a potential exploration as an agriculture soil enhancer: Linking multi-location biogeochemical profiles to ecotoxicological safety","authors":"Carla Patinha ,&nbsp;Carlos Silva ,&nbsp;Rodrigo Neves ,&nbsp;Pedro Pato ,&nbsp;Solange Magalhães ,&nbsp;Isabel Lopes ,&nbsp;Cátia Venâncio","doi":"10.1016/j.enceco.2025.11.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enceco.2025.11.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Water hyacinth (WH) is an invasive aquatic species for which no universal biomass management strategy exists, although many developing countries use it in agriculture with limited understanding of its potential environmental impacts. As WH is an effective bioaccumulator it is essential to assess its composition and quantify potentially harmful elements before this surplus green biomass can be effectively valorised. Determining the thresholds for their effects is crucial to define safe and sustainable uses. In this context, this study characterized WH biomass from six Portuguese locations (four northern and two southern), focusing on nutrient and potentially toxic element (PTE) profiles, sugar, protein, and structural composition. Furthermore, the ecotoxicological profile of aqueous extracts from each WH biomass was evaluated using several freshwater species (<em>Raphidocelis subcapitata, Brachionus calyciflorus, Daphnia magna,</em> and <em>Danio rerio</em>) and multiple endpoints, to benchmark safe agricultural application rates. Structural analysis revealed tissue type (leaves, floaters, roots) had greater influence than sampling location, with roots showing highest absorbance linked to lignin, proteins, and cellulose. These wall components provide metal-binding sites, explaining root PTE levels being higher than other tissues. Elemental composition showed high primary nutrients (e.g., potassium, phosphorus), meeting EU requirements for organic soil improvers (EU Regulation 2019/1009). Whole-plant WH water extracts had high conductivity (≥ 6.98 mS/cm), nutrient and PTE concentrations, and caused adverse effects on all aquatic species. No clear toxicity ranking emerged, though Bico and Pateira extracts were least toxic, and Sorraia extract most severe (algal inhibition, zooplankton mortality, zebrafish effects at 0.78 % dilution). The findings indicate that WH biomass incorporation into soils should be considered on a site-specific basis, owing to variations in PTEs accumulation across locations, requiring contaminant screening and regulatory guidance before large-scale use. The results evidenced multispecies, multi-endpoint ecotoxicity that might justify the need for dilution strategies and controlled application rates of WH biomass on soils to minimize putative downstream impacts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100480,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 101-111"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145520937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive chemical leaching, phytoremediation, organic amendment and nitrification inhibitor enhancing tailing soil remediation and ecosystem multifunctionality","authors":"Manyun Zhang ,&nbsp;Negar Omidvar ,&nbsp;Fang Wang ,&nbsp;Xinhong Gan ,&nbsp;Jinfei Wu ,&nbsp;Ning Li ,&nbsp;Wenyuan Zhang ,&nbsp;Tao Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.enceco.2026.01.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enceco.2026.01.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Unreasonable mining and excavation of rare earth caused considerable threats to agricultural production and local ecology. This study explored the optimized combination of chemical leaching, phytoremediation, organic amendment and nitrification inhibitors to decline lead (Pb) contents in mining-affected soils but to enhance soil ecosystem multifunctionality. In comparison to control (CK) in the citric acid-leaching group, soil available Pb contents were significantly decreased by 15.7%, 17.5% and 18.4% in the ryegrass + <em>camellia</em> shell (RS), ryegrass + <em>camellia</em> shell + nitrification inhibitor dicyandiamide (RSDC) and ryegrass + <em>camellia</em> shell + nitrification inhibitor 3, 4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (RSDM) treatments, respectively. Meanwhile, soil <em>Firmicute</em> ratios of the RS, RSDC and RSDM treatments were higher than those in the CK treatments, indicating that an increase in soil <em>Firmicute</em> ratio could improve soil health. Co-presences of shell and nitrification inhibitor significantly increased the height and weight of ryegrass in the double-distilled water and citric acid-leaching groups, and they also promoted soil ecosystem multifunctionality notably. Although the ryegrass did not survive in the citric acid and EDTA-2Na + citric acid-leaching groups, the shell amendment and nitrification inhibitor additions notably improved soil Shannon diversity indices and biotic community network stabilities. Soil pH, β-glucosidase, urease, microbial community diversity, <em>Firmicute</em> and <em>Actinobacteriota</em> ratios were negatively related to soil available Pb contents. Our study indicated that the combination of citric acid-leaching + ryegrass + organic shell + DCD was an optimal strategy for decreasing heavy metal risks and enhancing soil ecosystem health in abandoned mining areas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100480,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 1015-1032"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146022770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}